Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2016-10-28"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 14676

Obstáculos epistemológicos no processo de alfabetização científica: um estudo para a formação do professor das séries iniciais do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-28)
Gomes, Caroindes Julia Corrêa
;
Ferreira, Luiz Henrique
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4819009378941531
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3858289473837461
This work presupposes the importance of the teaching of Science so that the students can acquire the cultural elements and the scientific language and develop the necessary skills to the critical and aware exercise of citizenship. To think about it in the context of the initial grades – since the child is also an integrant subject of the social body and owns, as the adults, the right to appropriate of the surrounding culture – has been the challenge of many researchers of that field due to the faced difficulties to its accomplishment. Among those difficulties, the formation of the responsible teachers for this level of education was one of the analyzed themes on this research, since they have little knowledge about the theoretical and methodological fundaments that guide the educative praxis of that discipline. On that sense, it was evaluated the relation among the different groups: in-service teachers, undergraduates in Education and senior students at the 5th grade of Elementary School, observing several characteristics that showed the same perceptions about the scientific nature and conceptual difficulties as well, mainly the ones related to Chemistry, although there was not any educator/student bound among them. The obtained results could show the necessary renovation concerning to Science teaching, for the teacher him/herself could reinforce mistaken views and concepts, transmitted to and preserved in the children in their future school lives. During the data collection, an intervention was done by means of a ministered course to the teachers and undergraduates participating of the research, in order to provide to them the mobilization and deconstruction of knowledges about teaching and learning Science. That way, the classes provided a more critical and reflexive view and promoted a more proper conception in relation to the production of the scientific knowledge. The analysis done also indicated the importance of living different ways and experiences during the teacher formation, understanding it as a constant process of formation and auto formation through the praxis and the reflection about it.
Metanálise para modelos de regressão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-28)
Santos, Laryssa Vieira dos
;
Campos, Adriano Polpo de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4867996651212204
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5543837224948437
Preditores da participação social de idosos independentes cadastrados em estratégias de saúde da família do município de Araras/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-31)
Rebellato, Carolina
;
Fontaine, Anne Marie Germaine Victorine
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6459521603686551
;
Matsukura, Thelma Simões
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5611215381682164
Social participation, besides being considered one of main goals of rehabilitation, is defined by scientific literature and some specific public policies for the elderly as one of the pillars to active aging. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated the social participation of Brazilian elderly population and its predictors. The objective of this present study was to identify the predictors of variation of the social participation of independent elderly enrolled in Family Health Strategies units in the municipality of Araras/SP. Besides investigating the dimensions of LIFE-H 3.1- Brazil and its reliability; to characterize the profile of the elderly population; to identify associations between socio-demographic, health conditions, perception of intergenerational solidarity and quality of life and to compare levels of social participation amongst elderly subgroups. A total of 175 elderly, registered in 10 Family Health Strategies of all regions of the city have participated in the present study. All data have been collected through identification form, containing social-demographic variables, from health, familiar intergenerational solidarity aspects, among parents and children, perception of quality of life, besides the following standardized instruments: Geriatric Depression Scale, Katz Scale, Mini Mental State Examination, and LIFE-H 3.1-Brasil which evaluates social participation. Data analysis has been descriptive, comparative, correlational e multivariate performed on SPSS v23.0. The evaluation of predictors of social participation was conducted by Linear Regression Analysis, taking into account the dimension of LIFE-H 3.1 previously extracted from Factor Analysis, namely: Personal Care, Community, Recreation and Communication, apart from global evaluation of social participation which involved these four dimensions (LIFE-H Total). The factorial analysis and the internal consistency of the dimensions of LIFE-H 3.1-Brazil confirm the reliability of data and utilization of such instrument in independent elderly. The association among the variables contributed to identify the factors related to health and disease condition of such population, strengthening the influence of contextual factors in this life period. Main results revealed average variations of social participation due to different variables, with special highlight on marital status, schooling, city district where he/she lives, familiar intergenerational solidarity, comorbidities, presence if depressive symptomatology, cognitive ability, physical activities practicing and subjective perception of quality of living, which were confirmed in the correlation study. The variables which acted as predictors of global social participation (LIFE-H Total) were living in specific city districts, physical activities practicing number of diseases, cognitive ability, age, depressive symptomatology, subjective evaluation of quality of life and widowhood, in that order. The variables city district, physical activity practicing, cognitive ability and subjective evaluation of quality of living acted positively, whilst other variables acted negatively in the social participation variation. This study reveals the complexity and multidimensionality of elderly social participation and the influence of personal and environmental determining factors which, mostly, could be modifiable. It is argued that maximization of actions e programs destined mainly to elderly preventive health care along with investments in infrastructure, safety and implementation of services may be of great value to the feasibility of greater social participation of such population. The continuity of these studies is desirable for deeper theoretical and empirical understanding such theme, overall the qualiquantitative and longitudinal nature to the seizure of changes, tendencies and predictors of elderly social participation in different degrees of functionality and health condition.
Comportamento termodinâmico de cadeias de dímeros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-31)
Nascimento, Denise Andrade do
;
Adão Neto, Minos Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6102062332483035
;
Sousa, José Ricardo de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3871066069541626
In this Thesis we propose to describe the thermodynamical properties of dimer chains in a one-dimensional lattice rstly considering q-states of chain orientation in the lattice and secondly by a three states model where the chain orientation is associated with a energy " > 0 or " = 0. For this reason we describe our system by a microcanonical ensemble to get the canonical partition function and through this function obtain the Helmholtz free energy, the entropy, internal energy and pressure. We solved also the problem by adopting the grand canonical ensemble using the transfer matrix method and we get in the thermodynamical limit the equivalence between both ensembles. However the analysis of the thermodynamic properties for systems with nite size is quite relevant since for these nite systems can be found a inequivalence of ensembles. Thereby we performed a detailed study of the Statistical Mechanics for nite particles systems verifying the equivalence o ensembles.
Português como segunda língua para surdos : a escrita construída em situações de interação mediadas pela Libras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-31)
Almeida, Djair Lázaro de
;
Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9468232016416725
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5083153960563585
This research aims to describe and analyze the process of writing in Portuguese as a second language, undertaken by deaf participants in context of interactional and dialogical workshops, from a collective rewriting work of an adventure story, reflecting on interdiscursive interactions between sign language and written Portuguese. The rewrite was placed in this work as the object of reflection on practices and discursive formations which focused on learning of deaf participants. The discussions on this theme were guided by Bakhtin assumptions from the enunciative-discursive conception of language. This design allows us to understand the subjects in their discursive constitution through social relations in which they participate, incorporating the different social voices. For this purpose the workshops were videotaped as the intention to focus dialogic aspects of the interaction between the subjects. The episodes that make up the corpus of analysis were selected from the workshops developed in the course of the years 2013 and 2014, considering the communicative context. The excerpts of the episodes whose enunciations presented significant in relation to production strategies, review and language reflection collectively were transcribed from sign language (Libras) to Portuguese writing. The data was treated from three axes of analysis: interaction between deaf peers and between educators and listeners; language skills and written evidence. The axes analyzed allowed the establishment of qualitative values of the demanding language working by deaf people in writing workshop activities. Regarding the education of deaf people, this study points to the necessity of having the Portuguese language effectively treated as a second language, where its teaching and learning process is mediated by the sign language. Thus, the spaces that support the education for this portion of the population must be organized so as to ensure the verbal interaction, through Libras, as a written language development condition.
As representações sociais da Política Nacional de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa : uma análise à luz do campo da ciência, tecnologia e sociedade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-31)
Silva, Meliza Cristina da
;
Ogata, Márcia Niituma
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3274294833403570
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8646310947265533
The aging and the consequent Brazilian demographic change point us to a profound socio-economic transformation of the country. It is estimated that the elderly population will triple in the coming decades, from 20 million in 2010 to 65 million in 2050. Many actors are responsible for implementing the National Health Policy for the Elderly, among them are the local health managers and articulators health of the elderly. The aim of this study is to analyze the social representations of the National Health Policy for the Elderly in a regional health department, the light field of science, technology and society. This is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive. The methodological approach was to document analysis and field exploration, through semi-structured interviews. The results point to incipient front practices to a well-structured policy, the social representations of groups influence their deployment. Low public participation, especially the elderly and the distancing of the research to the practice of these municipalities are short of expectations of policy. The field of science, technology and society contributes to reflections on the appropriation of science and technology, it was observed that in his views prevail the harsh health technologies. The intention of this thesis was to analyze the policy and practices in the current scenario, with no claim assessment, was intended to bring reflections on this policy by the look of social representations and studies of science, technology and society We can conclude that the regions implement the National Policy differently, with demands and perceptions appropriate to their reality, even if they receive national and international guidelines.
A tensão entre democracia e participação nos governos de esquerda : os casos do Brasil, Chile e Venezuela
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-31)
Fukushima, Kátia Alves
;
Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2886246718185707
This study aims to examine whether there was progress of leftist governments, specifically, the Lula government in Brazil (2003-2010), Chavez in Venezuela (1999-2013) and Bachelet in Chile (2006-2010) in the conformation a model of participatory democracy. The theoretical basis of the present research is the work of Macpherson (1977) "The Life and Times of Liberal Democracy" that comprises liberal democracy and participatory democracy as complementary terms, as the passage from one to another occurs through the composition, and not by denial. According to this theoretical approach, participatory democracy is understood as the improvement of liberal democracy, assuming an active and less unequal society, in which the citizen has opportunities to develop their skills and participate more and more of the decision process. Therefore, analysis will be performed compared from two dimensions: a) the correlation of political and economic forces in each country (with the opposition parties, business sectors, media and sectors of the church) and; b) the asymmetry of political resources (coming from the institutional legacies, the political system, the pacts and social support base). When comparing the three leftist governments from these two dimensions, we observe the configuration of a "government breaks" (Chavez government in Venezuela), a "moderate government" (Lula government in Brazil) and a "continuity of government" (first mandate Bachelet in Chile). The specific objective was to assess whether these differences between left governments affected in the process of implementation mechanisms for participation in their democracies. Thus, it appears - from three areas – 1) mechanisms of participation and inclusion, 2) favorable conditions for participation, and 3) citizen participation – that among the cases analyzed there is significant variation in the degree of implementation participatory mechanisms and how these governments have devised participation. The conclusions drawn from the data on participation showed that the "government of continuities" Bachelet remained closer to the "balance of democracy" in which popular sovereignty is restricted to the electoral arena as the "government breaks" Chavez approached more participatory democracy. However, the "moderate government" Lula positioned at an intermediate point between the two cases.
Mapeamento de experiências existentes nas universidades federais no combate à violência de gênero e contra as mulheres : subsídios para a construção do Observatório de Gênero Mulheres e Violência na UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-01)
Capovilla, Silmara Helena
;
Fonseca, Sérgio Azevedo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2879240108726907
;
Ferraz, Maria Cristina Comunian
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2893153253924855
The research aims to raise some innovative actions found in Brazilian federal universities that have as a proposal the fight against gender violence and against women. The idea is that the study contributes to the creation of administrative and pedagogical practices that allow the constitution of projects and alternative solutions for the management of conflicts of gender relations within the universities themselves. For the survey of these actions we opted for an exploratory, bibliographical and documentary qualitative research that made use of the content analysis. From the material analyzed, the categories were defined: consolidated successful experiences and recent successful experiences developed by these universities in relation to the fight against gender violence and against women. As a result, the research demonstrates that there is a need for collection, organization, treatment and continuous dissemination of information generated by the IFES. The proposal of intervention of this research is therefore the conception of a Gender, Women and Violence Observatory for the Extension Project ACIEPE / Women in the Public Administration of the Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar seeking partnerships with SAADE, NIASE, LAPREV, Nucleus of studies YOU WANT that are located in UFSCar, as well as to promote rapprochement with the community of São Carlos. The objective of the creation of the Observatory is to promote the identification of policies to combat violence, the mapping of host networks, the monitoring of indicators, the preparation of proposals and the availability of relevant information found on the subject in the federal universities surveyed. Organized and systematic for different audiences. For praxis to happen, it is necessary to understand the path taken by women and men, specifically in the academic world in the fight against violence against women.
Estudo de formação de tris-acetal internoe espiro-carbocíclicos a partir de (R)-(–)-e espiro-carbocíclicos a partir de (R)-(–)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-07)
Desiderá, André Luiz
;
Brocksom, Timothy John
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7055452150201902
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4748593313421958
In this work we studied, initially, the formation of the internal tris-ketals derivatives from their respective 2,2-bis-propargyl cyclic ketones from catalysis by gold complexes. The reaction conditions were studied for synthesis of this class of compounds, variations of catalysts with and without addition of co-catalysts, the substituents effect on propargylic carbon, theoretical calculation of the thermodynamic stability of the keto x acetal form and theoretical calculation of chemical shift versus the empirical results for structural confirmation. Based on these results and published reports, mechanisms have been proposed to explain the formation of the obtained products. In a second stage of this work, we studied the diastereoselective 2,2-bisallylation of cicloeptenona and further formation of spiro [6.4] bicyclo system from the ring closure metathesis reaction (RCM). The scope of this work was prepared from 2,2-bis-allyl-cycloalkanones and subsequent RCM using 5 different ruthenium catalysts, varying the solvent and reaction temperature.
Mecanismos celulares envolvidos na ação antiproliferativa do [10]-gingerol sobre células de tumor de mama
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-07)
Fuzer, Angelina Maria
;
Cominetti, Márcia Regina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3725318894555272
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3391479439604187
Cancer is a leading cause of death, according to World Health Organization, preceding diseases as diabetes and tuberculosis, conditions as malnutrition and even though interpersonal violence. Many types of cancer are also correlated to major risk factors associated to mortality and morbidity, such as obesity, alcohol abuse and smoking. In 2012 14.1 millions of new cases of cancer arisen with 8.2 million of deaths worldwide. Ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is word know use as spice on cooking and widely use as medicinal herb in preparations. Several studies describe its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-emetic activities. Much of the ginger bioactivity is due to its phenolic compounds [6], [8], and [10]- gingerol, which have anti-proliferative and antiangiogenic action on tumor cells, as demonstrated by several in vivo and in vitro studies. Several studies have revealed advantages of three-dimensional culture techniques (3D) over traditional two-dimensional monolayer cultures (2D). 3D cultures better mimic the tumor microenvironment found in vivo, as well as the interaction of cells with the extracellular matrix (ECM). Three-dimensional culture has produced different responses compared to those found in 2D cultures, such as increased resistance of tumor cells to various drugs, and increased selective sensitivity to tumor cells in relation to normal cells. On this work, techniques for three-dimensional culture were used to test the effects of [10]-gingerol on breast tumor cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of [10]-gingerol in different hallmarks of malignancy correlated with metastatic process, such as adhesion, proliferation, migration, invasion and also its effects on apoptosis, both in 2D and 3D. Results demonstrated that [10]-gingerol changes the morphology of MDA-MB-231 malignant cells in lower concentrations and shorter times when compared to nonmalignant MCF-10A cells, suggesting an specific and concentration-dependent action for [10]-gingerol on malignant cells. [10]-gingerol was also able to inhibit migration and invasion of MDA-MB- 231 cells at low concentrations and to induce apoptosis at higher concentrations. We observed that [10]-gingerol presented higher IC50 in proliferation assays with MCF-10A non tumor cells compared to tumor cells. The compound also inhibited migration of non-tumor cell lines at higher concentrations compared to tumor cells. Moreover, [10]-gingerol inhibited MDA-MB- 231 cell adhesion to different ECM components, such as laminin, fibronectin and vitronectin, even at low concentrations. Western blotting and real time quantitative PCR assays suggested that [10]-gingerol was able to act by the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, increasing Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-9 and caspase-3 mRNA and protein levels in MDA-MB-231 cells. On 3D assays the results showed selectivity of [10]-gingerol against the malignant T4-2 lineage. The compound was also able to revert the malignant phenotype and to induce apoptosis in this cell line. These results suggest that [10]-gingerol has potential to be a new anticancer drug in the future.
Percepções de professores alfabetizadores do município de Votorantim (SP) sobre o pacto nacional pela alfabetização na idade certa (PNAIC): um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-07)
Araujo, Samara Elyza Macedo de
;
Nascimento, Fabrício do
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3496410597486943
This study seeks to understand the perceptions of literacy teachers on the proposal for continuing education developed under the National Pact Literacy Age One (PNAIC) in the municipality of Votorantim / SP. The methodological approach to the research was qualitative in nature, with data collection conducted through semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and document analysis. The data were analyzed according to a critical perspective. The formation of the literacy teacher is a concern at the current situation, demanding this professional skills and expertise to train students with a view to meeting the demands of capital. It is considered that the PNAIC is also developed in this perspective, being a punctual and discontinued program that aims to standardize the actions of literacy at the national level, conceiving them as mere executors of tasks. The teachers participating in this study believe that the training received in PNAIC is feasible by allowing the exploitation of their educational practices and changes in their ways of teaching literacy. However, the effective participation of these professionals in the construction and implementation of continuing education proposal of PNAIC is not displayed, and even being objective described by the program, the practice of reflexivity, assume the role of protagonists in their professional development and change agents in contexts in which they operate, yet it is a challenge.
A leitura dialógica na EJA : contribuições de Bakhtin para a Tertúlia Literária Dialógica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-08)
Cavequia, Sabrina Maria de Amorim
;
Reyes, Cláudia Raimundo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5187942717120318
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1876357211314931
Our objectives for this work are: 1) demonstrate, from Mikhail Bakhtin's theory, how an educational activity that promotes dialogic reading provides critical formation coordinated between orality and writing, the author authorship and the readers authorship in shared reading and 2) evidence how the reading of world and reading of word are given at the same time in an educational activity of success, such as Dialogic Literary Gatherings. It is a qualitative research and procedures are: a) participation in Dialogic Literary Gatherings; b) interviews about important moments in the life of the research subjects and with the teacher who performs the Dialogic Literary Gatherings in their classes; c) identification of meanings that emerge from the meeting between word and ideologies that are present during the reading. So as to do that, our references were the studies of Mikhail Bakhtin to compare and analyze the data, we discuss a new conception of reading, we reflect on the needs of the subjects of Youth and Adult Education (YAE) in school context and present the Dialogic Literary Gatherings as an educational activity of success that provides knowledge of quality to all participants involved through dialogic learning. As a result, we show the potential of the dialogic reading for the production of knowledge, for the constitution of innovative ways to mean text, more connected to the reality of the reader, we emphasize the need to discuss the educational practices of success that happen in YAE and reveal as the reader expands its own understanding of the world when it expands your reading comprehension.
Atividades curriculares de integração ensino, pesquisa e extensão na Universidade Federal de São Carlos : práticas e significados à luz de Paulo Freire
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-08)
Gomes, Geraldo Biason
;
Ferraz, Maria Cristina Comunian
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2893153253924855
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8755090773966503
University Extention initiatives have been growing in importance concerning the articulation between universities and society, and also academic efforts from universities themselves regarding their relationship with teaching and research. Teaching, Research and Extention Integration of Curricular Activities (ACIEPEs in Portuguese) at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Brazil are intervention projects that contribute to university extention efforts, consisting of multidisciplinary teams and involving teachers, technicians and students from the university, which are open to the external community to participate. The aim of this study was to verify if the ACIEPEs meet the objective they propose, especially regarding the integration of the university with the external public and promoting access to knowledge, aiming to motivate the external public to participate. Among the various possibilities of research focus suggested by the diversity of subjects addressed by the ACIEPEs, Paulo Freire´s view on Extention was used, considering the current relevance and great contribution of his work to Education in general, and especially Extention. It also sought to determine which Freirean references or alignment points between the characteristics of the ACIEPEs and Freirean references are found in the ACIEPEs practice. This study is based on bibliographical and documentary research, with data collect through questionnaire and interview, followed by content analysis. As a result, it was found: 1. that some alignment points between Freire´s view on Extention and characteristics of the ACIEPEs appear to be diffuse across many of the references in Freire´s work and the outcome desired by the ACIEPEs; 2. whereby the ACIEPEs meet their objectives, including: a) providing a wideranging training program to students at UFSCar encouraging them to have critical insight that goes beyond obtaining technical knowledge; b) providing an enriching experience to the various actors involved - students, teachers and the external public; c) collaborating with institutional goals of university integration with the external public and promoting access to knowledge; and d) acting on the principle of indivisibility between teaching, research and extention; and 3. making it possible to identify a successful training model, as well as dissemination, production and knowledge reconstruction from the ACIEPEs, suggesting guidelines to adopt this model in traditional undergraduate subjects.
Desenvolvimento de biossensor óptico para detecção de microrganismos patogênicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-10)
Thomazini, Bruno da Silva
;
Pizzolitto, Elisabeth Loshchagin
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3057012628845658
;
Moreira, Fernando Manuel Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1809254923092721
Infections caused by super-resistant microorganisms represent a major clinical and fiscal burden as a global problem. In addition, microorganisms are responsible for the deterioration of foods that, if consumed, can cause great harm to consumer health. For this reason, there is a need for constant monitoring both in the health area and in industrial processes, in order to prevent infections from occurring. Conventional methods for detecting micro-organisms are based on specific biological and biochemical identification. Although these methods are sensitive, inexpensive, and provide quantitative and qualitative information regarding the nature of the microorganism, they are restricted because they require relatively long time and require initial sample treatment for pathogens at low concentrations. The use of peptides in the detection of pathogenic microorganisms has been the subject of studies since it allows a precise and rapid detection. Peptides are known antimicrobial components used for a long time in the fight against infections caused by pathogens. Previous studies have demonstrated that the polycerradin peptide can be used in the development of sensors, since its antimicrobial action inhibits the luminescence of microorganisms due to cell death. The light signals from the antimicrobial action of this peptide against the microorganism were analyzed for the microorganisms Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Shigela sonnei, Furasim subglutinans, Colletotrichium gloeosporioides e Candida albicans. The spectra obtained through the data, which were collected by photoluminescence spectroscopy, showed that there was suppression of the luminescence around λ = 700-750 nm, when the lipopeptide extract (ELP) was added in all evaluated microorganisms. Thus, it was possible to determine the antimicrobial action of this peptide against the microorganisms studied, as well as the presence of these microorganisms through its emission spectrum. This technique was applied in the development and construction of an optical sensor, using materials of low cost, for use in the monitoring and identification of pathogenic microorganisms in several areas, such as health and food industry.
Hipersuperfícies conformemente euclidianas com curvatura média ou escalar constante
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-10)
Rei Filho, Carlos Gonçalves do
;
Figueiredo Junior, Ruy Tojeiro de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9930999514347198
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5461170290751462
In this work we study conformally flat hypersurfaces f: M3 ^ Q4(c) with three distinct principal curvatures in a space form with constant sectional curvature c, under the assumption that either its mean curvature H or its scalar curvature S is constant. In case H is constant, first we extend to any c G R a theorem due to Defever when c = 0 and show that there is no such hypersurface if H = 0. Our main results are for the minimal case H = 0. If c = 0, we prove that f (M3) is an open subset of a generalized cone over a Clifford torus in an umbilical hypersurface Q4(c) C Q4(c), c > 0, with c > c if c > 0. For c = 0, we show that, besides the cone over the Clifford torus in S3 C R4, there exists precisely a one-parameter family of (congruence classes of) minimal isometric immersions f: M3 ^ R4 with three distinct principal curvatures of simply-connected conformally flat Riemannian manifolds. Assuming S to be constant, we only study the case c = 0. We prove that f (M3) is an open subset of a cylinder over a surface of nonzero constant Gauss curvature in R3.
Uma abordagem híbrida baseada em Projeções sobre Conjuntos Convexos para Super-Resolução espacial e espectral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-10)
Cunha, Bruno Aguilar
;
Homem, Murillo Rodrigo Petrucelli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4099700446922080
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4204770612938184
This work proposes both a study and a development of an algorithm for super-resolution of digital images using projections onto convex sets. The method is based on a classic algorithm for spatial super-resolution which considering the subpixel information present in a set of lower resolution images, generate an image of higher resolution and better visual quality. We propose the incorporation of a new restriction based on the Richardson-Lucy algorithm in order to restore and recover part of the spatial frequencies lost during the degradation and decimation process of the high resolution images. In this way the algorithm provides a hybrid approach based on projections onto convex sets which is capable of promoting both the spatial and spectral image super-resolution. The proposed approach was compared with the original algorithm from Sezan and Tekalp and later with a method based on a robust framework that is considered nowadays one of the most effective methods for super-resolution. The results, considering both the visual and the mean square error analysis, demonstrate that the proposed method has great potential promoting increased visual quality over the images studied.
Process parameters optimization and microstructure evaluation on friction spot-welded aluminum/copper dissimilar joints
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-17)
Cardillo, Maria Eduarda Barbosa
;
Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8718451168281592
Dissimilar materials welding is a field of increasing interest for a wide range of industrial applications. Specifically, the welding of aluminum alloys with copper has potential applications in the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) industries, being used for the production of electrical and thermal connections. However, these applications require the development of reliable, efficient and economic welding processes. Mismatches between the material’s physical properties and metallurgical factors make the identification of an adequate welding process and parameters a challenge to be overcome. In the present research work, friction spot welding (FSpW) was applied to create welded joints between AA5083-O and phosphorus-deoxidized copper. The objectives were: to optimize the process parameters and to determine the dominant factors by means of design of experiments; to comprehend the microstructure formation mechanism; and to determine the fracture behaviors of the welds under shear loading. For these purposes, mechanical testing and metallographic analyses were used to evaluate the welded joints. Lap-shear strength was chosen to determine the weld quality and microhardness tests were done in order to better understand the specific local mechanical resistance of the different welding zones. Microstructural analyses were performed by means of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and by the electron backscatter diffraction technique. The software Thermocalc was also used to theorize the intermetallic formation. The results confirmed the effectiveness of the FSpW technique when applied to weld the dissimilar metals Al and Cu. The plunge depth welding parameter was determined statistically as the dominant factor in Al and Cu friction spot-welded joints. Mainly, due to its effect on the formation of a deformed metallic volume just below the interface. Microscopically, two intermetallic compounds were identified across the interface and micro-constituents with characteristics of an eutectic structure were also observed in some welding conditions. This metallurgical feature is detrimental to the mechanical properties, and therefore must be controlled.
Diretrizes MobiDeaf: uma abordagem para desenvolvimento de aplicações de redes sociais em dispositivos móveis para os surdos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-17)
Schefer, Ricardo Pezzotti
;
Zaina, Luciana Aparecida Martinez
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0192085115595443
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3441720719834089
The easy access to mobile and social networking is changing the way people communicate; however, the deaf person is segregated in some of these media. Although there are many designers working with some recommendations, these are still too general and do not satisfy the complete interaction of the deaf in these environments. In this scenario, the deaf audience is not considered in the creation of these applications either because the developers do not know or because they cannot find direct and accurate information about the needs of this group. Supported by literature and experiments, this paper proposes guidelines for developing applications for social networks on mobile devices specifically focused on the deaf audience. Through action research approach (AR), at first we tried to know the difficulties of the public from the perspectives of interaction with mobile devices applied to social networks, specifically Facebook. This first AR cycle was carried out through tests with users for Communicability Evaluation Method (CEM). Afterwards, one participatory design session (DP) was performed, in which the prototypes produced by the users were analyzed and classified by the Model 3C vision. Based on guidelines and the results of experiments, the MobiDeaf was created with eight guidelines. Mobideaf was evaluated by comparison with the WCAG 2.0 recommendations in two types of tests: (i) with designers who produced prototypes, which were analyzed, inspected and reproduced in a test application, and; (ii) with deaf people who experimented the test application. This project contributes in bringing a set of guidelines that help both the designer and the target audience. Also describes CEM tests and a DP session. Presents a mapping of the features worked by the deaf based on Facebook social network, in the Model 3C. Shows in detail the creation and evaluation of guidelines that can be used to enable better interaction of the deaf with society in general through social networking on mobiles.
A apropriação do conceito numérico no 1º ano do ensino fundamental : um estudo na perspectiva da teoria histórico-cultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-17)
Guillen, Juliane Dias
;
Faria, Paulo Cézar de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3630521378837174
;
Tedeschi, Wania
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5743322664981581
This dissertation presents the master’s research developed at the Professional Graduate Program in Education of the Federal University of São Carlos, guided by the following question: how do students of the 1st grade of Elementary School take in the numerical concept while experiencing teaching activities? The objectives of this research were to identify how children from a class of the 1st grade of Elementary School take in the numerical concept, and to discuss it through the data obtained according to the cultural-historical activity theory. The methodology was based on a qualitative perspective, specifically on a case study of a class of six-year-old students from a municipal school in the state of São Paulo. Three teaching activities with an abacus were developed based on the cultural-historical perspective. Analysis was based on an interpretative view of the demonstrations expressed by the students during the development of the activities, transcribed through filming. The results show that during the realization of the situations triggering learning it was possible to perceive that the students appropriated the numerical concept.
Os empresários no Congresso: a legitimação de interesses via audiências públicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-11-18)
Troiano, Mariele
;
Noronha, Eduardo Garuti
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6908348693613769
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3227437575714593
The present research aims to analyze the participation of entrepreneurs and their representatives in the public hearings of the Deputies Chamber commissions from 2001 to 2010. The fact that the permanent committees possess decisive power over certain law projects substantiates the importance of public hearings and the relevance participation of an external agent in its composition. Out of 2,714 public hearings that happened during this period, 91 of them debated law projects that held businessmen amongst its guests. The research has concluded that the public hearings are efficient institutionalized ways of intermediation of interests, in order that the entrepreneurs take a position in favor or against the proposals, representing organizations and defending their own interests on their speeches. Therefore, the public hearings have preserved from the constituent process of 1987-88 the purpose of making consensus through conflicts of preferences. From the analysis of stenographic notes, it has also been concluded that the influence of businessmen over a certain project is directly related to the legitimization process of their own interests at the plenary session. This fact means that, in order to have influence over decisive processes, the entrepreneur needs not only legitimacy from the group/association to which one belongs but also a political and partisan legitimacy, making it possible for their interests to be inserted into the political agenda. This political and partisan legitimacy is based on the relationship between the businessmen and the members of the Parliament who are part of the commissions, and the authors of the proposals, besides also in the way the speeches are built during public hearings.