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Preditores da participação social de idosos independentes cadastrados em estratégias de saúde da família do município de Araras/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-31) Rebellato, Carolina; Fontaine, Anne Marie Germaine Victorine; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6459521603686551; Matsukura, Thelma Simões; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5611215381682164; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7941967815396278
Social participation, besides being considered one of main goals of rehabilitation, is defined by scientific literature and some specific public policies for the elderly as one of the pillars to active aging. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated the social participation of Brazilian elderly population and its predictors. The objective of this present study was to identify the predictors of variation of the social participation of independent elderly enrolled in Family Health Strategies units in the municipality of Araras/SP. Besides investigating the dimensions of LIFE-H 3.1- Brazil and its reliability; to characterize the profile of the elderly population; to identify associations between socio-demographic, health conditions, perception of intergenerational solidarity and quality of life and to compare levels of social participation amongst elderly subgroups. A total of 175 elderly, registered in 10 Family Health Strategies of all regions of the city have participated in the present study. All data have been collected through identification form, containing social-demographic variables, from health, familiar intergenerational solidarity aspects, among parents and children, perception of quality of life, besides the following standardized instruments: Geriatric Depression Scale, Katz Scale, Mini Mental State Examination, and LIFE-H 3.1-Brasil which evaluates social participation. Data analysis has been descriptive, comparative, correlational e multivariate performed on SPSS v23.0. The evaluation of predictors of social participation was conducted by Linear Regression Analysis, taking into account the dimension of LIFE-H 3.1 previously extracted from Factor Analysis, namely: Personal Care, Community, Recreation and Communication, apart from global evaluation of social participation which involved these four dimensions (LIFE-H Total). The factorial analysis and the internal consistency of the dimensions of LIFE-H 3.1-Brazil confirm the reliability of data and utilization of such instrument in independent elderly. The association among the variables contributed to identify the factors related to health and disease condition of such population, strengthening the influence of contextual factors in this life period. Main results revealed average variations of social participation due to different variables, with special highlight on marital status, schooling, city district where he/she lives, familiar intergenerational solidarity, comorbidities, presence if depressive symptomatology, cognitive ability, physical activities practicing and subjective perception of quality of living, which were confirmed in the correlation study. The variables which acted as predictors of global social participation (LIFE-H Total) were living in specific city districts, physical activities practicing number of diseases, cognitive ability, age, depressive symptomatology, subjective evaluation of quality of life and widowhood, in that order. The variables city district, physical activity practicing, cognitive ability and subjective evaluation of quality of living acted positively, whilst other variables acted negatively in the social participation variation. This study reveals the complexity and multidimensionality of elderly social participation and the influence of personal and environmental determining factors which, mostly, could be modifiable. It is argued that maximization of actions e programs destined mainly to elderly preventive health care along with investments in infrastructure, safety and implementation of services may be of great value to the feasibility of greater social participation of such population. The continuity of these studies is desirable for deeper theoretical and empirical understanding such theme, overall the qualiquantitative and longitudinal nature to the seizure of changes, tendencies and predictors of elderly social participation in different degrees of functionality and health condition.
Comportamento termodinâmico de cadeias de dímeros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-31) Nascimento, Denise Andrade do; Adão Neto, Minos Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6102062332483035; Sousa, José Ricardo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3871066069541626; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3111593924862886
In this Thesis we propose to describe the thermodynamical properties of dimer chains in a one-dimensional lattice rstly considering q-states of chain orientation in the lattice and secondly by a three states model where the chain orientation is associated with a energy " > 0 or " = 0. For this reason we describe our system by a microcanonical ensemble to get the canonical partition function and through this function obtain the Helmholtz free energy, the entropy, internal energy and pressure. We solved also the problem by adopting the grand canonical ensemble using the transfer matrix method and we get in the thermodynamical limit the equivalence between both ensembles. However the analysis of the thermodynamic properties for systems with nite size is quite relevant since for these nite systems can be found a inequivalence of ensembles. Thereby we performed a detailed study of the Statistical Mechanics for nite particles systems verifying the equivalence o ensembles.
As representações sociais da Política Nacional de Saúde da Pessoa Idosa : uma análise à luz do campo da ciência, tecnologia e sociedade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-31) Silva, Meliza Cristina da; Ogata, Márcia Niituma; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3274294833403570; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8646310947265533
The aging and the consequent Brazilian demographic change point us to a profound socio-economic transformation of the country. It is estimated that the elderly population will triple in the coming decades, from 20 million in 2010 to 65 million in 2050. Many actors are responsible for implementing the National Health Policy for the Elderly, among them are the local health managers and articulators health of the elderly. The aim of this study is to analyze the social representations of the National Health Policy for the Elderly in a regional health department, the light field of science, technology and society. This is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive. The methodological approach was to document analysis and field exploration, through semi-structured interviews. The results point to incipient front practices to a well-structured policy, the social representations of groups influence their deployment. Low public participation, especially the elderly and the distancing of the research to the practice of these municipalities are short of expectations of policy. The field of science, technology and society contributes to reflections on the appropriation of science and technology, it was observed that in his views prevail the harsh health technologies. The intention of this thesis was to analyze the policy and practices in the current scenario, with no claim assessment, was intended to bring reflections on this policy by the look of social representations and studies of science, technology and society We can conclude that the regions implement the National Policy differently, with demands and perceptions appropriate to their reality, even if they receive national and international guidelines.
Português como segunda língua para surdos : a escrita construída em situações de interação mediadas pela Libras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-31) Almeida, Djair Lázaro de; Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9468232016416725; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5083153960563585
This research aims to describe and analyze the process of writing in Portuguese as a second language, undertaken by deaf participants in context of interactional and dialogical workshops, from a collective rewriting work of an adventure story, reflecting on interdiscursive interactions between sign language and written Portuguese. The rewrite was placed in this work as the object of reflection on practices and discursive formations which focused on learning of deaf participants. The discussions on this theme were guided by Bakhtin assumptions from the enunciative-discursive conception of language. This design allows us to understand the subjects in their discursive constitution through social relations in which they participate, incorporating the different social voices. For this purpose the workshops were videotaped as the intention to focus dialogic aspects of the interaction between the subjects. The episodes that make up the corpus of analysis were selected from the workshops developed in the course of the years 2013 and 2014, considering the communicative context. The excerpts of the episodes whose enunciations presented significant in relation to production strategies, review and language reflection collectively were transcribed from sign language (Libras) to Portuguese writing. The data was treated from three axes of analysis: interaction between deaf peers and between educators and listeners; language skills and written evidence. The axes analyzed allowed the establishment of qualitative values of the demanding language working by deaf people in writing workshop activities. Regarding the education of deaf people, this study points to the necessity of having the Portuguese language effectively treated as a second language, where its teaching and learning process is mediated by the sign language. Thus, the spaces that support the education for this portion of the population must be organized so as to ensure the verbal interaction, through Libras, as a written language development condition.
A tensão entre democracia e participação nos governos de esquerda : os casos do Brasil, Chile e Venezuela
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-10-31) Fukushima, Kátia Alves; Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2886246718185707
This study aims to examine whether there was progress of leftist governments, specifically, the Lula government in Brazil (2003-2010), Chavez in Venezuela (1999-2013) and Bachelet in Chile (2006-2010) in the conformation a model of participatory democracy. The theoretical basis of the present research is the work of Macpherson (1977) "The Life and Times of Liberal Democracy" that comprises liberal democracy and participatory democracy as complementary terms, as the passage from one to another occurs through the composition, and not by denial. According to this theoretical approach, participatory democracy is understood as the improvement of liberal democracy, assuming an active and less unequal society, in which the citizen has opportunities to develop their skills and participate more and more of the decision process. Therefore, analysis will be performed compared from two dimensions: a) the correlation of political and economic forces in each country (with the opposition parties, business sectors, media and sectors of the church) and; b) the asymmetry of political resources (coming from the institutional legacies, the political system, the pacts and social support base). When comparing the three leftist governments from these two dimensions, we observe the configuration of a "government breaks" (Chavez government in Venezuela), a "moderate government" (Lula government in Brazil) and a "continuity of government" (first mandate Bachelet in Chile). The specific objective was to assess whether these differences between left governments affected in the process of implementation mechanisms for participation in their democracies. Thus, it appears - from three areas – 1) mechanisms of participation and inclusion, 2) favorable conditions for participation, and 3) citizen participation – that among the cases analyzed there is significant variation in the degree of implementation participatory mechanisms and how these governments have devised participation. The conclusions drawn from the data on participation showed that the "government of continuities" Bachelet remained closer to the "balance of democracy" in which popular sovereignty is restricted to the electoral arena as the "government breaks" Chavez approached more participatory democracy. However, the "moderate government" Lula positioned at an intermediate point between the two cases.