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Atividades Curriculares de Integração Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão (ACIEPEs) como estratégia de formação continuada : um estudo de caso com formação matemática de professores polivalentes no Município de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-13) Curilla, Rosemeire Aparecida Trebi; Côrtes, Mauro Rocha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8988613760967305; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2386007173142606
This research had as its general objective to discuss the contributions of the Curricular Activities of Integration Teaching, Research and Extension (ACIEPEs) offered by the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) for the training of teachers promoted by this IES and for the professional development of teachers of Basic Education. It had as its specific objectives: to investigate the relationship between the ACIEPEs’ offer, and the demand regarding the training needs of the teachers who work in the Initial Years of Elementary School; To investigate the contributions of ACIEPE "Information Technology in the Training and Performance of Teachers Teaching Mathematics in the Beginning Years" for the professional activity and the pedagogical practice of teachers who attended it; and to offer subsidies to the Center for Teacher Education (NFP) of UFSCar to aggregate and streamline the ACIEPEs focused on teacher education. Starting from the propositions in the scope of teacher training, (a) ACIEPEs are activities that promote the articulation between the initial and continuing teacher training, considered by scholars in the area of education as primordial for the effectiveness of teacher training in Basic Education; (b) need effective dissemination to public education networks; and (c) need to have validation for the functional progression of the teachers of the state education network, which demands specific agreement with this network of education, in order to be more attractive for the participation of this public, the research question was raised "Are there indications that ACIEPEs, in the context of teacher training, enhance the continuing teacher training promoted by UFSCar?" For the development of this work, which is configured as exploratory and of a qualitative and descriptive nature, the bibliographic research, the documentary analysis and the case study were carried out, using the semistructured interview as a central element for the collection of primary data. Data collection consists of two stages: (1) documentary analysis and (2) interviews with educational managers of public education networks in the city of São Carlos, SP; coordinators of ACIEPEs in the area of Mathematics Education in the Early Years, offered in the period from 2010 to 2014, at UFSCar - Campus São Carlos; and teachers working in the Early Years of Elementary School, who attended ACIEPE "Information Technology in the Training and Performance of Teachers Teaching Mathematics in the Early Years". A mapping of the ACIEPEs offered at UFSCar, from 2010 to 2014, was carried out in its four campuses, prioritizing a study of ACIEPEs focused on teacher training, focusing on those whose teachers were in the early years of the public school system. Municipality of São Carlos, SP. Next, the focus was focused on ACIEPEs in the area of mathematics education in the Early Years of Elementary School, culminating in the investigation of the contributions of ACIEPE "Information Technology in the Training and Performance of Teachers Teaching Mathematics in the Early Years" for professional development and the pedagogical practice of multipurpose teachers who attended it. The theoretical framework brings concepts of teacher training and training needs; presents models of continuing teacher training; a synthesis of the historical aspects and the problem of teacher education in the Brazilian context; and also the Center for Teacher Training and the institution responsible for the creation, implementation and offer of ACIEPEs.
Model-based design of user interfaces to support situation awareness in maintenance
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-13) Oliveira, Állan César Moreira de; Araujo, Regina Borges de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1729081803965609
Situation Awareness (SAW) is a cognitive process defined as the perception of elements and events within a time frame, the understanding of their situation and the projection of their status. SAW is a prerequisite for decision-making in dynamic and complex systems and errors in SAW are an acknowledged source of human errors and accidents. Its study is pivotal in many industries, such as aviation, military, oil, gas and rails, and it is being increasingly considered for maintenance, since this activity is deemed critical for every industry. New technologies to support maintenance, such as E-Maintenance, will provide easier access to the desired information to technicians, but the way new technologies lead to improved SAW is influenced by how information is presented in the User Interface (UI), and many UIs for maintenance technicians support their decision-making regarding procedural and technical criteria, but not economical, legal, ethical and political. Therefore, they only allow a partial development of the user SAW, but not the complete comprehension and projection of a situation. These UIs ignore information requirements such as: risks and conditions of the environment; automations; actions and decisions of team members; rules, regulations and policies of enterprises. Therefore, the design and development of UIs to improve SAW in maintenance is compromised by the few solutions in the state of the art for SAW supportive UI design, for model-based design process and for frameworks and reference architectures. Cognizant to this gap, this thesis proposes a solution for the design and development of Situation Awareness support User Interfaces (SASUI) for maintenance work. For that three contributions are proposed: a conceptual framework of Situation Awareness Aspects (FSA) that assists developers in structuring heterogeneous sources of data into a knowledge representation model, to obtain a state oriented view of SAW; a multiagent architecture that instantiates and controls UIs to improve their support of SAW, by using a blend of SAW and UI agents to express the situation (and its projection) of real world entities in the UI; a methodology to create Model-based SAW User Interfaces (MBSAW-UI), in which designers model agents that will assist users in acquiring the SAW necessary for their decision-making process. These contributions follow a Cognitive Engineering approach to guide software developers in the UI design process and also empower domain experts to model their UIs, enabling an End-User Development (EUD) paradigm that facilitate future updates to the system. A study case of a maintenance activity was developed to evaluate these solutions, with two interfaces: a UI designed using MBSAW-UI; a UI designed using solely a Hierarchical Task Analysis. An experiment was performed and showed a 78% increase in SAW with the UI designed to support SAW, which lead to enhanced efficacy (3,85x less errors) and safety (3,87x less errors regarding unsafe behavior).
Caracterização da implementação do lean manufacturing na região amazônica : identificação do grau de adoção e seu efeito no desempenho empresarial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-13) Negrão, Léony Luis Lopes; Godinho Filho, Moacir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6136685270563354; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1584058504953159
The objectives of this thesis were to identify the path of implementation of lean practices in the manufacturing industry located in a region of scarce resources from a developing country, to evaluate the insertion degree such means according certain control variables (company size, industrial sector and the main productive typology) as well as to evaluate the effects of the lean manufacturing implementation on the performance of the companies studied. By means of a Survey, it was possible to investigate the lean manufacturing implementation using robust statistical techniques to define the measurement model defined as the mean of lean manufacturing adoption by the industry researched and to evaluate the effect of such adoption on performance. The results show a high, but partial, degree of lean adoption, which is observed by the identification of its implementation path composed of six internal practices (Single-Minute Exchange of Dies, Human Resource Management, Continuous Flow, Total Productive Maintenance, and Statistical Process Control) and two external (Supplier feedback and Customer engagement). Two other important lean practices (Just In Time delivery and Supplier development) have not been implemented, probably due to the region and country characteristics in where the companies are located such as: remote suppliers and lack of transport/logistics infrastructure plus the great territorial extension. In addition, such adoption has occurred in a fragmented way, as from 36 operational measures that comprise the eight practices considered as the lean implementation path, 13 have not been implemented. Moreover, it was verified the degree of adoption of the lean practices changes according to the company’s size (bigger companies tend to incorporate more practices compared to smaller companies) and the industrial sector. However, there has been no variation in the degree of adoption considering the main productive typology. Finally, it was observed the Lean Manufacturing interrelationship model has a positive effect on operational, financial and environmental performances.
A leitura da literatura escolarizada nos exames do baccalauréat e do ENEM
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-13) Duran, Guilherme Rocha; Moura, Maria Isabel de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7089011529083708; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4069772165614699
Cette recherche a été partiellement financée par Capes, via une bourse de stage doctoral à l’étranger (doutorado Sanduíche/PDSE – Programa de Doutorado Sanduíche no Exterior), qui a eu lieu en France dans l’année scolaire de 2015/2016. Notre thèse s’appuie sur la théorie du Cercle de Bakhtine pour investiguer la lecture surtout de la littérature scolarisée dans le contexte des évaluations nationales brésilienne, l’Enem et française, le baccalauréat. La base méthodologique utilisée correspond au cortège des deux évaluations. En nous mettant à l’écoute des voix qui donnent du contexte et de la substance pour les signes idéologiques ici investigués, nous nous sommes mis en relation avec plusieurs aspects historiques et sociaux qui entourent les mots clé de la recherche : lecture, Enem et baccalauréat. A propos desquels nous avons organisé notre parcours d’investigation exposé dans le travail. Nous conduisons des réflexions, à partir de la conception bakhtinienne, des principales caractéristiques du signe idéologique en déterminant comme des signes la lecture et les examens étudiés dans la thèse. Le travail part d’une analyse marxiste qui met en scène les luttes de classes dans les signes idéologiques. Pour cette raison, nous présentons des études historiques et sociologiques sur les examens. En outre, nous soutenons la notion d’héritage du signe. En tenant compte que les signes analysés reçoivent une charge de sens d’autres signes qui les précèdent, lecture, Enem et baccalauréat transmettent aussi des valeurs qui ont été étudiés lors des investigations étymologiques et historiques. En considérant les examens et la lecture dans cette perspective, nous nous mettons à comprendre la façon dont les pratiques sociales s’organisent à partir de ces axes en nous appuyant sur la linguistique énonciative et des genres du discours. Nous confirmons qu’il s’agit de deux examens, c’est-à-dire, d’un seul genre, mais qui se manifestent différemment entre eux. Ces différences ont été expliqués à partir de la proposition de la lecture en tant qu’un acte énonciatif et directement en relation avec le contexte d’où ils émergent. Dans ce cadre, nous avons fait une analyse qui cherche à comprendre la prise en charge de la littérature en tant qu’objet de lecture dans ces examens. De cette manière, nous avons précisé en chiffres et graphiques les profils d’utilisation de la littérature dans les questions des examens. A l’aide de nos résultats, nous pouvons contribuer aux discussions qui s’intéressent aux mêmes objets que le nôtre, mais dans une perspective en dialogue avec la philosophie du langage. Nous pouvons aussi conclure que la valeur de la lecture en tant que pratique sociale est ample et assez forte pour déterminer la place du sujet dans l’histoire, pour être utilisé comme stratégie de contrôle de classes et pour déterminer ceux qui ont ou qui n’ont pas le droit d’achever les études en niveau secondaire et continuer des études en niveau supérieur.
Entre o canavial e o porto : identidades e trajetórias dos trabalhadores rurais na zona da mata sul de Pernambuco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016-12-13) Maciel, Jeanne Mariel Brito de Moura; Martins, Rodrigo Constante; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6617183095074852; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6386560585656348
The Zona da Mata Sul of Pernambuco has undergone transformations in its productive sector, mainly as a result of the restructuring of the sugar cane monoculture sector, which has been constantly fluctuating in relation to profits and productivity since the mid-1990s. In addition, there was the growth in the years 2000 of a new productive actor in the locality, the Industrial Port Complex of Suape. Despite being created between 1976-1978, port enterprises – with about 100 companies installed that generate 25,000 direct jobs – became more intense with the creation of the Growth Acceleration Program (PAC) in 2007 under the government of Former President Lula. Thus, if before the advent of Suape the supply of employment in the region – for its majority rural population – came from of the cane fields and sugar industry, now the presence of this new element brought with it new possibilities of living in the place. This situation has been accompanied by the mobility of the productive force – of which Gaudemar speaks – of hundreds of cane workers for employment in the largest companies in the port of Suape, especially those in the construction sector and companies in the naval area, such as the Shipyard Atlantic South and Vard Promar Shipyard. In this context, the construction of the research sought to understand this dynamics and the possible implications of this displacement on the living space of the social actors who experienced this process. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to analyze the possible transformations in the identities and, therefore, in the trajectories of the rural workers of zona da mata sul canavieira of Pernambuco given the presence of Suape. and, as specific objectives: a) to describe the profile of these workers with regard to gender, age, schooling and origin; b) characterize how the insertion of workers occurs in the Suape complex; c) analyze the identity mediation of rural workers in face of the change of condition of rural workers to workers in the industries of Porto of Suape; d) to show how the workers perceive the transformations that they are experiencing in their ways of life and, if consequently, there are changes in their projects of life. As a methodological resource, I make use of qualitative research and semi-structured interviews with a focus on the life history of social actors. Workers from the municipalities of Sirinhaém, Ribeirão, Escada, Rio Formoso and Ipojuca were interviewed. Also interviews were conducted with leaders of rural unions, employers and agents of the government of the state of Pernambuco. The documentary source was very useful in order to confirm the information collected in the interviews, as well as the bibliographic survey that enabled the construction of key concepts for the interpretation and analysis of the data.