Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2017-02-16"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 14595

Movimento negro de São Carlos e a UFSCar : a extensão universitária sobre relações étnico-raciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-16)
Souza, Danielle Felisberto de
;
Nascimento, Manoel Nelito Matheus
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486910967478337
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1666020909514887
The present work had as its objective discussing the relationship between the Black Movement and the university, through the axis of university extension, analyzing the extension activities that deal with the subject of racial and ethnic relations and from the perspective of representatives of groups of the black movement of São Carlos and UFSCar members. In this work, we attempted to answer the question: what are the advances and limits of the UFSCar extension activities for the groups of the Black Movement of São Carlos, involving the theme of racial and ethnic relations? We used qualitative methodology, divided in the stages of bibliographical survey, interviews, analysis and interpretation of the data. This work allowed us to reflect, discuss and study the advances and limits of the role of the university in the relation with the community, through extension. It is perceived that this relationship is permeated by many contributing elements moving the dialogue forward or backward and that it is necessary to understand the university from the totality in which it is inserted. The university has a fundamental role in making a historical, sociological and political survey of the situation of black people, formulating actions, giving new meanings to historical stigmas, and strengthening the relationship with the external community through teaching, research and extension. However, this relationship is limited by the political sphere, since it is through this sphere that it will be possible to implement public policies. Thus, the university must be attentive to those actions that can contribute to the separation and non-belonging of the external community. Extension can serve as a mechanism to reinforce social inequality, and the actions that contribute to the transformation end up being restricted only those teachers who already had a social commitment. Therefore, it is necessary to have a constant reflection on this relation so that the university assumes its social commitment.
Ensino de leitura e de escrita a adultos com deficiência intelectual matriculados na Educação de Jovens e Adultos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-16)
Silva, Érika Rímoli Mota da
;
Postalli, Lidia Maria Marson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748282330028870
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8530538473591388
The present study aimed to evaluate the acquisition of reading and writing skills in adults with intellectual disability who attended the Education of Young and Adults (EJA) program through a computerized reading and writing teaching procedure. Three adults with intellectual disability, aged 26-37, participated in the study. A pre-and post-test design of the reading and writing repertoire was used. Participants were exposed to the individualized teaching program, conducting teaching sessions interspersed with periodic progress assessments. The teaching program was composed of five units with four teaching steps each (except the first containing five steps and the last, which contained three steps). Each step taught three vowel-consonant words and their corresponding syllables. The results showed that the three participants presented meaningful gains in reading, writing and in the two-way relations between figure and printed word (equivalence relations), with teaching and recombination words, performing fewer repetitions of teaching steps. In reading, P1 and P2 presented low performance in pre-test and P3 presented approximately 70% of correct responses. In writing, in the first test, the two participants presented null performance and P3 presented low performance (27% and 33% of correct responses in writing skill by composition and manuscript, respectively). In the post-test, P1 showed 100% of correct responses in reading and 100 and 93% of correct respondes in writing by composition and manuscript; P2 presented 93,3% of correct responses in reading and 86,7 and 80% of correct responses in writing by composition and manuscript; and P3 did not undergo the final evaluation; however, the assessments throughout the procedure showed P3’s progress in the skills assessed. The results showed that this educational program can benefit adults with IDs enrolled in regular education in order to acquire initial reading and writing repertoires. Future studies should investigate complementary conditions for the generalization of these findings to different situations and environments.
Identidades polinomiais via identidades de grupo : a conjectura de Brian Hartley
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-16)
Silva, Dalton Couto
;
Talpo, Humberto Luiz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1674689444257254
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4403658004588089
In this work, we present the Conjecture of Brian Hartley and study its validity, i.e, we verify if group identities in the unity group U(FG) make FG satisfy a polynomial identity, where G is a torsion group and F any field. This study will be made first for infinite fields, and next for any field. From this result, will be deduced necessary and suficient conditions in a group G, for the unity group U(FG) satisfy group identities.
Desenvolvimento e avaliação do serious game Cuidando bem : simulação por computador sobre segurança do paciente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-16)
Domingues, Aline Natalia
;
Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0185144417072417
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0148275884920778
Patient safety is a relevant topic in the healthcare context, becoming a priority issue in the health area. In this context, the Ministry of Health and Anvisa issued ordinance 529 on April 1st, 2013, which establishes the National Patient Safety Program. This program includes as the articulation with the Ministry of Education and the National Council of Education an implementation strategy, to include the subject of patient safety in the curricula of health training courses of technical, graduation and post graduation levels. The use of information and communication technologies allows the insertion of new resources in the educational context, among them the use of serious games to carry out simulations, allowing students to develop new skills in a safe environment. This study aims to develop and evaluate a serious game using digital technologies about patient safety, for technical and graduation students in nursing. It is an exploratory, non-experimental, methodological and with quantitative approach survey. To develop the serious game, the following stages were covered: concept, pre-production, prototype, production, alpha version, expert and target audience evaluation. A total of ten specialists in the areas of Computer Science, Nursing Informatics and Patient Safety participated in the study to evaluate the serious game and besides those, thirty-four technical students in nursing and nine graduation students in nursing. The serious game “Taking Good Care” was positively evaluated in relation to its interface, content and gameplay, standing out as a strategy with broad potential for the teaching of Patient Safety protocols in the nursing area. The results obtained from the evaluations of the specialists and the target public contributed to help the adjustments in the software, with the intention of making it available to the target audience in the future. As a result of the research, the serious game is available for free as an open educational resource, allowing the academic community and society in general to benefit from its reuse, review, remixing and non-commercial redistribution of the game and all its components. Finally, it is expected that the results of this study can contribute to the promotion of innovative educational strategies through the use of serious games and digital simulations on the computer, in order to teach patient safety.
Pedagogias de gênero em narrativas sobre transmasculinidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-16)
Pamplona, Renata Silva
;
Dinis, Nilson Fernandes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9901790534758296
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0007062758838949
This research aims to analyze aspects of transmasculinities from the autobiographical accounts of four Brazilian men. The proposed objective is based on the understanding that transmasculinities, when compared to other sexual and gender minorities, have less political visibility. However, in Brazilian society, in recent years, this visibility has gradually been constituted by a certain activism exercised by transmen. The problem raised is to analyze through the accounts of four transsexual men how these individuals have constructed possible tools to confront the hegemonic matrix of masculinities. The hypothesis is that transmasculinities may constitute an inventive category of life potentials and an exercise capable of subverting the sex/gender system through the production of multiple expressions of masculinities. We understand that knowledge and pedagogical practices (school and non-school) are intimately involved in the processes of the production of subjectivities and the power relations that regulate people's bodies. They make it appear that some normative identities are naturally constitutive of the subjects and not strategically produced and taught by the normalization exercises of behaviors and bodies. As a theoretical option, this study draws on some concepts of post-structuralist studies and gay and feminist studies, centered predominantly on readings of Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, Beatriz Preciado and Judith Butler. In the first instance, our methodological procedure consists of the presentation of the object of study and the problematization surrounding the concepts of transsexuality and transmasculinity. Subsequently, we analyze the literary accounts of three trans men: John W. Nery, Jô Lessa and Anderson Herzer. Finally, we offer an analysis of twenty-one letters written by Dom, an anonymous transhuman who relates his life experiences and the territories traced in the experience of his transmasculinity. Having examined the wealth of these distinct productions from the subjectivities of the trans male universe, it is striking to note the extent to which they seek to multiply the possibilities of living out masculinities. However, the risk of subjection and abjection is permanent when one lives on the frontier of dichotomous genres, sometimes leading to entrapment within the staging of the heterocentric system. Thus, the process of deconstructing hegemonic masculinity for trans men is a continuous task in becoming.
Critérios para priorização de estudos primários identificados por snowballing com conjunto inicial gerado por string de busca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-16)
Silva, Cleiton Rodrigo Queiroz
;
Fabbri, Sandra Camargo Pinto Ferraz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2204086299921323
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2818249114679954
Background: In any area of science, all proposed technology should be evaluated and characterized so that the community can understand when, where and how to apply it. Particularly in the Software Engineering field, the concern with this characterization and the characterization of the technology is known as Evidence-Based Software Engineering (EBSE). Secondary studies contribute to this characterization because they use more rigorous research methods. Snowballing is a technique to identify relevant primary studies in secondary studies. It is well accepted by the community but may require a great deal of effort in its implementation depending on the guidelines adopted and on the number of existing relevant primary studies. Objective: To propose criteria for prioritizing primary studies for applying snowballing using the results obtained from search strings as seed aiming at improving the efficiency when applying the technique, providing computational support for its application. Method: Four criteria were proposed for prioritization of primary studies and algorithms were developed that allow computational support for applying the criteria. The evaluation was carried out by means of experimental studies, being an exploratory study and two experiments. Results: The best results were obtained by combining the four proposed criteria, resulting in a precision of 96.46% and a recall of 51.24%, with an average error rate of 20%. Algorithms created for reference extraction and similarity calculation presented satisfactory results. Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, there are indications that the proposed prioritization criteria, which make use of the reference extraction and similarity algorithms developed and implemented in the StArt tool, contribute to increase the efficiency of the snowballing technique without having a significant loss of quality of the results.
Controvérsias científicas e tecnológicas no jornal “A província de São Paulo” : 1875-1889
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-16)
Berbel, Danilo Brancalhão
;
Rigolin, Camila Carneiro Dias
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2388584081961836
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5394542044363303
Brazil changed after the Potuguese Royal Family arrives in 1808. One of it was the founda-tion of the Royal Press and the law that allowed to print books and newspapers in Brazilian soil. There are a lot of social, educational and political changes since then. Scientific re-searches are developed and technological systems are deployed, brought from Europe. In 1875, “A Provincia de São Paulo” was created associated to republican and abolitionsit groups, showing the news in São Paulo, Brazil and in the world. In that time, science and technology were becoming common at the urban life and generated public discussions. The newspaper is a plivilage sphere to circulate ideas about that. The objective of this thesis is to analyze the publications about science and technology in that journal about two themes: the Teory of Evolution and the gauges standardization in the construction of the railroads in Bra-zil. The analysis of the controversies is the specific objective. The analysis methodology is composed by two steps: the first one works with boards, facilitating the categorization and description, that shows all publicated information in the scientific and technological sections of the newspaper: “Secção Scientifica” and “Secção Industrial”. The second methodological step is based on the Social Studies of Science and Technology, specifically in two theoretical currents: the Empirical Programme of Relativism (EPOR) and the Social Construction of Technology (SCOT). The categories of analizys come from this theorical and methodological approach, that allow to identify authors and contextualize them to the social and historical analyzed period, to observate motivations, approaches, informations, editorial lines, biases and arguments about the clash involving the scientific theories and technological develop-ment. The time cut comprises from the inauguration of “A Província de São Paulo”, in Janu-ary 4th 1875, to the year of the Republic Proclamation, until December 1889. The first analy-sis refers to the discussion of railroad technology and the controversy over the standardization of gauges. There are two sides: the first one defends the narrow gauge (there are less technical information and more authorial retorical) and the second one defends the large gauge (there are more scientific and technological references). These discussions were between two engi-neers and shareholders of the “Companhia Paulista” with economic interests about the rail-road development. The temporary closure was in favor of the large gauge. The second analy-sis is about the discussion of the Theory of Evolution between 1875 and 1886, involving mostly the defense of the Darwinists ideas. In two moments, authors of different thoughts discussed in the pages of the newspaper. They were, mostly, men of science and defended these interests groups. As a result, they created favorable and receptive agendas to Darwin‟s theories. In both cases, it was possible to evidence the motivations and the artifices involved in the contest, which includes epistemic and non-epistemic arguments, confirming the social construction of technological and scientific processes.
Atividade curricular em habilidades sociais para professores de alunos do público alvo da Educação Especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-16)
Lessa, Tatiane Cristina Rodrigues
;
Costa, Carolina Severino Lopes da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0303439637261272
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8114529994792640
With the increasing number of inclusion of students from the target audience of Special Education, there has been an increase in studies related to the topic as well. One of these topics refers to the need to focus on initial and continuing teacher training, which in addition to mastering curriculum knowledge needs to improve their interpersonal skills so that their educational action is more effective. Thus, this study aims to evaluate a curricular activity with experiences in social skills for undergraduate students and Special Education target audience students on their repertoire of social skills and educational social skills and to correlate social skills and abilities of the participants. A total of 19 teachers participated in this study, and the data collection took place in an activity called ACIEPE (Curricular Activities of Teaching, Research and Extension Integration) during 12 meetings, being the first and last meeting destined to apply the measurement instruments for pre and post evaluation – T-Test. As instruments, the Brazilian Criteria Questionnaire, the Social Skills Inventory (IHS-Del Prette), the Inventory of Educational Social Skills for Teachers (IHSE - Prof), the Social Skills Importance Scale, the Evaluation Questionnaire for Social Validation of the Program and Field journal. To the data analysis, the T-Test was performed for the comparison between pre and post-test data, as well as content analysis for the systematization of data from the questionnaires. The data showed that there were no differences in the social skills repertoire in the comparison between pre and post-test, but statistically significant differences were found to two factors related to social educational skills, and regarding to the greater importance attribution of the participants to the Classes of communicative and assertive social skills, advocacy and citizenship. In addition, we found a correlation between some specific items related to the social skills and educational social skills of the participants. In the evaluation of the characteristics of the course, the data pointed to the satisfaction of the participants regarding to the participation and format of the activities.
A constituição de ações intersetoriais de atenção às crianças e adolescentes em sofrimento psíquico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-16)
Taño, Bruna Lídia
;
Matsukura, Thelma Simões
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5611215381682164
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0192418247836786
Moving forward in the discussion about the ways in which are produced intersectoral actions between mental health (specifically Psychosocial Care Centers for Children and Adolescents - CAPSij) and school can contribute to a better outline of public policies for education and health. The objectives of this research were to identify and understand the challenges and potentialities of intersectoral work within the interface of the fields of child and adolescent mental health and education; to identify how intersectoral work has been produced in the CAPSij of the southeastern region of Brazil and to perform/mediate an experience of promoting intersectoral practices among mental health services for children and adolescents and education. Therefore, the research adopted as methodological design the Triangulation of Methods Evaluation as an approach for the evaluation of social programs, outlining in two complementary studies. In the Study I, of quantitative approach, were identified the main intersectoral actions in which the CAPSij of the southeastern region of Brazil were involved. For this, 35 services participated through a questionnaire filling, answered by managers/coordinators. The data were analyzed descriptively and allowed identifying that the main benefits of intersectoral work are joint responsibility, guarantee of care integrality and qualification of work, revealing that the intersectoriality as exercise and guideline presents positive points for all the subjects involved: workers, children, adolescents and families. On the other hand, the main challenges and difficulties point out to the rigidity of certain services, the impediments to the implementation of pacts and the culture of pathologization/medicalization in society, and specifically, in the school environment. Regarding the children and adolescents followed by this study, the results show significant numbers of them passing through an exclusion situation in school. Among the main reasons for it, were highlighted situations that individualize the problematic, such as severity of the case, family aspects and vulnerability conditions. Families and communities, due to the presented results, are little considered in intersectoral actions/pacts. The Study II, of a qualitative approach, developed through action research, sought to understand about the production of intersectoral networks between mental health services for children and adolescents and education. The study was conducted in the city of Rio Claro-SP and was constituted by different movements that sought the collective construction of a common project among the sectors, counting with the participation of managers and workers from education, the CAPSij and the mental health clinic for children and adolescents. The results allowed clarifying that the concepts of territory and extended clinic are fundamental to the execution of intersectoral practices and that they must first be part of the work programs of each institution. Regarding the research with schools, the study allowed arguing that the lack of public policies on education/mental health and, even more, the absence of more dialogical debates and articulations, produces a discursive silencing that results in lack of attendance to students. In this sense, the practice of horizontal articulation through the implementation of an Intersectoral Pilot Project guaranteed the possibility of dialogue and partnership. The results and discussion allowed considering the intersectoriality as a horizon, since it is procedural and calls for psychosocial attention to be imbued with the task of sustaining the creation of broader discursive fields that act on more shared actions collectively.
Trauma craniano violento pediátrico : estratégias de avaliação e prevenção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-16)
Lopes, Nahara Rodrigues Laterza
;
Schelini, Patrícia Waltz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185333517392859
;
Williams, Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962646759651464
The present dissertation is composed of a compendium of four scientific papers with the common theme of prevention of abusive head trauma (AHT), a serious type of infant maltreatment. The first article describes a review of the Brazilian and international literature on the main strategies of AHT prevention. A total of 34 articles describing 20 initiatives to prevent AHT were selected, five of which aimed at reducing infant crying, three aimed at caregiver’s emotional regulation, and 12 aimed at raising parents and caregivers’ awareness on AHT. Among them, parental education about infant crying and risks of shaking a baby stands out for its empirical evidence. The second article describes the process of elaboration and assessment of validity evidence based on internal structure of the Attitudes towards an Infant Crying Scale, developed for evaluation of parental attitude towards the baby's crying during the first months of life. After exploratory factor analysis, the final version of the scale was composed of 50 items, divided into six components: Consequences of Shaking the Baby, Welfare of the Caregiver, Strategies Targeting the Baby, Strategies Targeting the Caregiver, Beliefs about Baby Care and Characteristics of Infant Crying. The scale appears to be promising with respect to the objective of evaluating the attitude of parents and caregivers about infant crying and in evaluating AHT prevention programs. The third study describes the evaluation of a brief intervention to increase knowledge on AHT among parents of children up to two years old. A total of 254 parents who attended pregnancy or puerperal groups in six municipalities in the State of São Paulo participated in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: Experimental Group (EG) or a waiting list Control Group (CG). The intervention involved showing an educational video and reading a pamphlet on AHT. To measure parental knowledge, the Attitudes towards the Infant Crying Scale was used. An increase in participants' knowledge about consequences of shaking, caregiver’s wellbeing, caregiver strategies to deal with crying, beliefs about infant care and about characteristics of infant crying were observed in the EG at posttest. Finally, the fourth article describes the evaluation of a training program for Health Care professionals about AHT. The training consisted of a four-unit course (two hours per unit), in which the topics of family violence, child abuse, abusive head trauma and prevention strategies were addressed. A total of 13 professionals from Basic Health Units from a city in the State of São Paulo participated in the study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: Experimental Group (EG) and a Wait-List Control Group (CG). The experimental design for the EG was pre-test - intervention - post-test - follow-up and for the CG was pre-test 1 - pre-test 2 - post-test - intervention. The Attitudes towards the Infant Crying Scale was used. After training, participants' knowledge about caregiver strategies to deal with crying related to caregiver and to baby and characteristics of infant crying increased for EG participants. The increase in knowledge about caregiver strategies to deal with crying related to caregiver and characteristics of infant crying was maintained at follow-up, suggesting the effectiveness of this training in increasing knowledge on AHT among health professionals.
Coerência interna em pesquisas em Psicologia e contribuições à Educação : análise da produção no período de 2011-2015 no periódico Psicologia Escolar e Educacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-16)
Prezenszky, Bruno Cortegoso
;
Mello, Roseli Rodrigues de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5233854244313683
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9409256477554687
Subjects in present information society are required to master school content, skills and competencies. Such mastering must be assured by the education centers, what configures the instrumental dimension of school education. Throughout history, scientific knowledge production in the Psychology area has been contributing with research, practice, theory and policies in Education, but recently, there have been observed tensions in such relation, as well as a decrease in the presence of Psychology in the educational area. Also, recent studies have pointed out different problems related to scientific knowledge production in the educational area, such as lack of rigor, weak theoretical grounding and lack of consistency within a study. As an element that helps in analyzing the consistency of a study, here is proposed the internal methodological coherence, indicated by the coherence between the goals of a study, its method and its results. Given such elements, the present study aimed to identify, characterize and analyze recent academic production in Psychology as it relates to Education regarding contributions to teaching and instrumental learning, as of its production’s frequency, internal methodological coherence of scientific studies conducted and potential contributions to the educational field. It was searched, in the journal Psicologia Escolar e Educacional, articles produced between 2011 and 2015 that addressed the instrumental dimension of education (n=41), and it was conducted the analysis of 18 of them that explicitly indicated contributions to educations. It were identified their themes and educational level to which they referred, and the internal coherence of the studies between their aims, method and results. Contributions to the instrumental dimension of education indicated by the authors were also identified. The main results found include that the most frequent theme in the studies was reading and writing, and the most frequent educational level was basic education, whereas kindergarten and Youth and Adult Education were not mentioned in any paper. As of the methods used, eight research designs were identified, and the most frequent was the correlational design. The analysis indicated that, with few exceptions, studies show adequate usage of methods and coherence between proposed objectives, implemented method and results obtained in the analyzed studies, which may indicate quality of produced knowledge. The main contributions reported by the authors of the studies referred to teaching and learning of reading and writing.
Análise de indicadores educacionais censitários da política de inclusão escolar : uma proposta metodológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-16)
Santos, Vivian
;
Mendes, Enicéia Gonçalves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3897627554738983
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2658245807750269
The results of the current educational policy destined to promote scholar access to the Special Educational Target Audience (SETA) needs to be analyzed. A possible way of doing this is through census scholar data. However, considering the inconsistencies and difficulties of using these data, so, a question has been risen: how to advance in analysis procedures of the census scholar data aiming to optimize the use of these data to evaluate educational policies? Looking for an answer to this question, this study has as general objective: to explore the limits and possibilities of alternative methodological procedures to analyze census data aiming to optimize the use of these data to evaluate the scholar inclusion policy. And, as specific objectives: 1) to identify and analyze some of the possible inconsistences that are in the enrolment micro data of the census scholar data; 2) to compare the characteristics of basic education students that are SETA to those who are not SETA; 3) To analyze, in a comparing way, the age-grade distortion in basic education of students that are SETA and also those who are not SETA. About the methodology, this is a documental, quantitative and comparative study. The data source is the enrolment microdata of the census scholar data, between 2008 and 2014. The sample is composed of 48 cities located in São Paulo State, three of which are administrative region of this state. The results of these cities were combined. To read, treat and analyze the data, the statistical softwares IBM SPSS Statistics and Statistical Analysis System were used. To answer the first specific objective, the researcher elaborated counters through the software SAS. To answer the second specific objective, perceptual maps stem from Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) was elaborated, and, for the third specific objective, graphs and sheets were elaborated. The results were organized in three groups, one for each specific objective. The results about the inconsistences showed that it is necessary to improve the census scholar data, specially the register of the students with multiple disabilities. The MCA results showed similarities between the students that are SETA and those who are not SETA, emphasizing the relation that showed more school evasion for male students and, also, a strong relation between students going to kindergarten and reaching high school. In regard to the age-grade diction, the results showed huge rates of students who are SETA, these rates being a lot superior to the students who are not SETA, which demonstrates that SETA students start their regular education later than other students. In conclusion, once comprehended that the objectives were reached, and that this study brings academic and social contributions, since it proposes to advance the analysis field of the subjected studied, and, with these analysis, will make it possible to look to improve the census scholar data, including the treatment of these data, thus improving this statistical tool that is utilized to create and evaluate educational policies in Brazil.
Comunicação pública e divulgação científica em parques tecnológicos credenciados pelo Sistema Paulista de Parques Tecnológicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-16)
Arruda, Adriana Gonçalves
;
Silva, Márcia Regina da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5381461208053330
;
Kobayashi, Elizabete Mayumy
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3349823397472000
The study characterized the area of communication and the scientific popularization in science park environments, which aims to strengthen science, technology and innovation through the realization of partnerships and, thus, boost the socioeconomic development of a country. The study assumes that, although the science parks are projects that reach the most diverse agents and receive public funding, they have an unidirectional public communication, which is not very accessible to the citizen. In this sense, this research maps the strategies and tools of scientific outreach used by science park environments and analyzes journalistic products published by science parks. It also verifies if they approach the STS Studies – which explores the importance of the democratization of knowledge from the relations between these three agents: science, technology and society – and the democratic model of public communication according to the criteria already established in the field literature. This qualitative exploratory research used mixed data collection procedures and considered the communication of four science parks that have definitive accreditation by the São Paulo System of Science Parks – Science Parks of Ribeirão Preto, Santos, São Carlos and São José dos Campos. This study starts with the presentation of some bibliographical studies, which will help to understand the importance of public communication and scientific outreach in the area of science, technology and innovation and will show the historical and current contexts of technological parks in Brazil, more specifically in the State of São Paulo. It proceeds with a field study with interviews with press officers, outsourced agents and managers of science parks. Finally, analyzes are presented – from interviews and journalistic products – to evaluate whether the communication area of these parks make public communication and whether they are similar to the preestablished criteria of communication in STS Studies. The results found herein contribute to studies in public communication of science, scientific outreach in innovation environments and public perception of science and technology.
Como ocorrem os movimentos da mandíbula e da cabeça em sujeitos com disfunção temporomandibular e em sujeitos saudáveis?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-17)
Grüninger, Bruno Leonardo da Silva
;
Oliveira, Ana Beatriz de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1049547759186556
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8831627315696261
Considering the lack of studies assessing the relationship between temporomandibular joint and neck components in a dynamic approach, this study aimed to investigate kinematics and motor control of the head and jaw in functional and isolated activities, and to evaluate cervical muscle performance and motor control of the head in temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients compared to healthy subjects. Kinematics of head and jaw were recorded from 71 women (Healthy Group – HG: N= 33; Temporomandibular Disorder Group – TMDG: N=38) during neck movements (flexion-extension, rotation and lateral bending), and functional tasks (maximal mouth opening (MMO), speaking, chewing and computer use). Median frequency was calculated for head positions in functional tasks. Cross-correlation analysis was performed for the time series of jaw and head recorded in functional tasks. Motor control of the head (joint position sense - JPS), and cervical muscle performance (craniocervical flexion test - CCFT) were also tested. TMDG and HG were compared using independent t-test or Mann-Whitney test. No difference was observed in CCFT and JPS, while jaw depression was larger in HG. Median frequency was higher for head position of HG in sagittal plane during computer use in relation to TMDG. It may indicate more variation and better motor strategies in HG. Cross-correlation analysis showed a clear negative correlation between head and jaw in MMO. However, the consistency of this correlation was weak in other tasks. It seems that the higher the biomechanical requirement the stronger the correlation. Further studies should focus on more complex tasks.
Influência de personagens infantis sobre escolhas alimentares em crianças : um estudo com equivalência de estímulos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-17)
Santos, Silvana Lopes dos
;
Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1643423784795201
Questions about the possible influence of marketing on children's food choices have been topics of debate in recent years. The use of characters in advertisements and packaging is one strategy commonly used to develop positive attitudes toward brands or products. Research that used the stimulus equivalence paradigm has shown that such influence can occur through the transfer of functions. The purpose of this thesis was to verify under what conditions an abstract symbol can acquire symbolic functions of characters and influence children's food choices. Therefore, three studies were carried out. In Study 1 of this thesis, the children formed two classes of stimuli: one containing a liked character and the other a dislike character. The other members were geometric figures and abstract symbols. Three choice and preference tests were conducted where the children had to choose from two samples of the same snack, differing only by the label on the package: 1) symbol equivalent to the liked and disliked characters; 2) symbol equivalent to the disliked character and a new symbol; and 3) the symbol equivalent to the liked character and the logo a known brand. Most children chose first, and reported to like more, the snack labeled with the symbol equivalent to the liked character. They also chose, and reported to like more, the snack labeled with a new stimulus over the symbol equivalent to the disliked character. The Test 3 was inconclusive. Study 2 was similar, however, rather than the known brand, this was replaced by another new symbol in the Test 3. The equivalence tests and the food choice and preference tests were repeated after two weeks. The results of Test 1 were replicated, but the tests 2 and 3 were inconclusive. However, it was possible to verify both the maintenance of the equivalence relations and the transfer of function. In Study 3 the children formed three classes of equivalence, one of which contained a neutral figure. The preference tests were similar; however, the “neutral” symbols replaced the new symbols. The function transfer results were even more robust because all children chose and liked more the food with the symbol equivalent to the favorite character on the label. It has also been noted that children tend to choose a food with a symbol equivalent to the character, even if not attractive, when the other option is a label with a "neutral" symbol. The analysis of the profile and consumption habits of private school participants (Studies 1 and 2) and public (Study 3) pointed to some significant differences relative to food consumption, participation in purchases, hours of televisions, etc, which may have influenced in the obtained results. It is considered that the results achieved have empirically demonstrated how children can be persuaded by using attractive figures. They also brought contributions that strengthen the stimulus equivalence paradigm as a behavioral model the semantic relations and an useful methodology for the study of the attitudes and preferences.
Treinamento de membros superiores em cicloergômetro de pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica : revisão sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-17)
Gonzaga, Luana Aparecida Vieira
;
Jamami, Maurício
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4274129560250050
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0722245980119266
Upper limb muscle training in patients with COPD has been recommended by pulmonary rehabilitation programs, due to the alterations caused by this disease, such as exercise intolerance, characterized by decreased muscular strength and endurance, with consequent increase in Muscle fatigue However, little is known about the effects and the ideal cycle ergometer training protocol to be applied to this population due to the scarcity of studies that address this theme. Objective: Collect evidence on the effects of upper limb training on cycle ergometer and bring together the main protocols used. Methods: Studies published between 1990 and March 2016 were searched in the electronic databases: PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science and Embase with the following combination of descriptors: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease OR cycloergometer OR upper limb Training OR supported training OR tolerance to Exercise OR strength OR strength. Results: A total of 2,927 studies were found and 8 studies were included. The results indicate a great variability of the temporal parameters, the methods of quantification of the load and the studied variables. Conclusion: The training on arm cycle ergometer lasts on average seven weeks, three times a week, with the session lasting in average 21 minutes. The load definition is established according to the Incremental Test of UL, defined as 60 to 80% of the peak load, with load progression performed according to patient tolerance. With the present review, it can be verified that the cycle ergometer training of MMSS promotes improved exercise tolerance and reduced dyspnea in patients with COPD.
Conexões entre design, economia solidária e tecnologia social na perspectiva do campo CTS
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-17)
Santos, Isadora Candian dos
;
Machado, Maria Lúcia Teixeira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5703683100332513
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2805980056007127
Within the context of developing solutions to reduce social inequalities, the themes of design, solidarity economy and social technology present the interfaces: the seek to overcome poverty and promote socioeconomic development, with environmental preservation and collective management. From this starting point, this research sought to understand the relations between design, solidarity economy and social technology, to identify points of approximation and limitations between the themes, and to contribute to the common understanding between the themes and their fields. Based on design as a field of studies and practices, this work focused on the production of knowledge associated with praxis, aiming to understand the relations between design, solidarity economy and social technology, seeking researches with practical experiences, through their scientific productions and their certified social technologies. With this object, this work had four stages of research, characterized by quantitative and qualitative approaches, using the categorical content analysis method: approximations of the conceptual and historical bases of the three themes; survey of researches with practical experiences; selection of five researches with practical experiences and ten qualitative interviews with authors and co-authors; and, analysis and systematization of the data collected. The results of the first stage brought elements for the discussion and basis for the categorizations, problematizing common aspects: historical and sociological contexts - Industrial Revolution and Cold War; motivations - questioning about consumption, forms of production and technological development; participatory and democratic methodologies of work; methods of propagation – collective property and free intellectual property; and, final objectives - promotion of social changes and principles that aim at sustainability. And, as limitations and divergences: possible contradictions about the collective construction of knowledge; the understanding of design from an deterministic perspective of science and technology; and, the limitations of promoting changes inside the capitalist system. The second stage of research led to the survey of 46 researches with practical experiences among the accepted results, covering the period of 2003 and 2015. The third stage selected 5 of these results and 10 interviews were conducted with authors and coauthors, addressing the central concepts of this work and related concepts: social design, design and sustainability, solidarity economy and social technology. The fourth and last stage analyzed and systematized the data collected and pointed to the final results of this work: the understanding of possible relations between the concepts of social design, design and sustainability, solidarity economy and social technology, which were understood as a mean, as an end and also in a transverse way, pointing to a diffuse understanding. However, it was possible to point out a transverse element, understood as the common objective of the themes: promoters of sustainability, seekers of the sustainable development, in its four axes - economic, social, environmental and institutional / cultural. And, finally, it was possible to point for future development of the themes, such as scientific research, public policies, projects and / or practical actions.
Pesquisas no campo da didática : subsídios ao ensino e à aprendizagem de conteúdos e desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-17)
Moreira, Raquel
;
Mello, Roseli Rodrigues de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5233854244313683
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6893255777431807
Considering the Brazilian education's fragility, expressed in the low scores of students in national and international standardized tests, and considering the current context of the information society, in which mastering knowledge in the instrumental dimension is key for either providing opportunities or deepening exclusion situations, the present thesis aims to analyze and systematize evidences of instruments that Brazilian research in the field of Didactics, available in SciELO database between the years 2000 and 2015, have been offering to the development of content, abilities and competences to school practices. The investigation was based on bibliographic research, using mixed methods, supported by Content Analysis of Laurence Bardin, and was guided by the question: What has the knowledge produced in the field of Didactics, available in SciELO between the years 2000 and 2015, been offering as instruments to the development of the process of teaching and learning of contents, abilities and competences in Basic Education? The main results indicate that, from the 119 articles referring to Basic Education, pertaining to 11 (eleven) areas of knowledge, and in different teaching stages and modalities, it was possible to identify 26 (twenty-six) registry units (RU). The most frequent RU were: content teaching; teaching materials and teaching materials analysis; teaching and learning; analysis of teacher practice, teaching practices, interaction, and teaching. All of the RU carry correlations of theoretical, methodological/procedural and material dimensions, enabling to affirm that the descriptor “Didactics” has been used in articles that are, indeed, dedicated to important elements of the area. However, one or another element is focused in exclusive manner, detaching dimensions of the teaching and learning process, or detaching class processes from the consequences generated to students' learning. Therefore, it is necessary to undertake, in the area, research procedures that expand the contributing potential in order to improve teaching quality by teachers, and improve learning outcomes of students.
Desenvolvimento de um jogo pedagógico virtual para o ensino do equilíbrio químico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-17)
Santos, Marcos Anderson Benfica dos
;
Longo, Elson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0832260576503270
Chemical equilibrium is an issue of fundamental importance for the understanding of chemical reactions. However, their presence in High School is given in a little problematized and conceptual, turning very frequently to the algebraic aspects. Alternative teaching resources, such as games, provide a playful approach and allow the teacher to promote the study of the topic in a more interesting and accessible way to the student. At the same time, the use of virtual platforms carries with it the ease of access, which can be done from anywhere and at any time (asynchronous to a conventional classroom moment) and does not require extra costs with the acquisition of physical objects, such as trays, dice and cards. In addition, the possibility of analyzing the results using the tools provided in the platform itself, evaluating the responsiveness and success rate of each question used, further favors the tool. In this context, the development of the game that is the object of this study was carried out with the intention of offering a freely accessible tool in a virtual and gamified environment that allows the teacher to work the questions proposed in the scope of his class or to use them as a task orsurvey Of requirements. The questions that are part of the scope of the game were selected from vestibular exams or proposed in an authorial way, divided into three sequential modules. Access to the game was made available to all users of the Ludo Educativo portal, and a group of 27 high school students from the private network of Ribeirão Preto, volunteers and reacting asynchronously, participated and had their impressions analyzed, enabling a partial analysis , The limitations and potentialities of the resource developed
Economia solidária e inclusão social pelo trabalho no campo da saúde mental : identificando potencialidades e fragilidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-02-17)
Mazaro, Lisabelle Manente
;
Lussi, Isabela Aparecida de Oliveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8121264125922144
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4059870035538236
The inclusion of people in situations of social disadvantage at work is replete with challenges that permeate the relations between the subject and the work, the field of rights, the relations of production, among others. This study addresses the inclusion of people at social disadvantage in the workplace, especially those with mental disorders including those resulting from the use of alcohol and other drugs, in the perspective of solidarity economy. Since 2005, the National Secretariat for Solidarity Economy (SENAES) has invested in the national mapping of Solidarity Economic Developments (EES) and the National Information System in Solidarity Economy (SIES), database of enterprises across the country, is the result of this mapping and context of this study. This is a descriptive exploratory documentary study of mixed approach, developed in two phases. The general objective of the study was to identify and understand the potentialities, fragilities and challenges present in the process of consolidation of the EES in the field of mental health registered in the National System of Information in Solidary Economy - SIES. The specific objectives were to characterize the EES registered in the database of SIES and to draw the profile of the EES of the mental health field registered in the SIES database. In the first phase, a descriptive analysis of the data in the SIES database was carried out in order to characterize the registered enterprises. There were identified 419 EESs in the national territory whose membership profile can be attributed predominantly to people in social disadvantage, distributed in: 236 composed of people with physical or mental disabilities; 43 by inmates or prisoners of the prison system; and 140 by people with mental disorders, including those resulting from the use of alcohol and other drugs. The latter were invited to participate in the second phase of the study, in which a qualitative study was carried out with the EES of the field of mental health identified in the first phase. Participated in the second phase of this study 17 EES distributed throughout the country, which corresponds to 12% of the mental health field enterprises registered in SIES. For data collection a semi structured questionnaire was used and the data from the closed questions were analyzed in a descriptive way and those from the open questions were analyzed applying the thematic analysis technique. The results point out that several advances have been achieved so far, among them the incorporation of the principles of solidarity economy, the recognition of work as a right, split from the therapeutic view, participation in solidarity economy fairs, among others, but there are many challenges to be faced, such as the public policies that present themselves in an antagonistic way in relation to the advances and obstacles presented by the enterprises. There was also a need for greater support for entrepreneurship and, when there are established support, these originate mostly from local entities such as city hall, university and church. It was also identified that the participation of mental health users in the ventures brings benefits such as social inclusion, access to rights and recovery of self-esteem, thus characterizing the potentialities in the consolidation process. The fragilities field is characterized by small and uneven production during the year, lack of material, financial and infrastructure resources and the low value of withdrawals, that is, generation of income that is lower than expected by the participants. It is hoped that research on the potentialities, weaknesses and challenges in the consolidation process will contribute to the elaboration ofproposals that will minimize the difficulties faced by economic enterprises in solidarity with people of social disadvantage, especially those with mental disorders, including when resulting from the use of alcohol and other drugs.