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Representações da modernidade fluminense em textos literários de Machado de Assis e Lima Barreto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-09) Rodrigues, Davidson de Oliveira; Pellegrini, Tânia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0280434883580627; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9322426649460609
The present work analyzes the representations of the city Rio de Janeiro in literary texts of Machado de Assis and Lima Barreto. This study determines the type of evaluation that these writers made of the modern aspects of the capital of Rio de Janeiro. The chronological framework is between the last two decades of the nineteenth century and the first years of the twentieth century. The initial assumption of the research considered these writers as skilled observers of the social environment in which they lived. Another presupposition is that the nineteenth-century literature constitutes an important collection of visions about the urban (both in Europe and in Brazil). Thus, Machado de Assis and Lima Barreto are analysts of urban life in Rio. The basic unit of research analysis is the category of representation. Its application is through the methodology of selection of texts from the set of complete works for further analysis. The detailed reading of fragments is done in order to identify images and allusions concerning the urban universe. The analysis carried out demonstrates the existence of representations of sociability and urban sensibility in the literature of the mentioned writers. The novels “Esau e Jacó” and “Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma” bear a set of representations about Rio de Janeiro that describe the way of life of a capital during the period that was designated to call like “Belle Époque”. The city is represented as the political and cultural center of the country. This work disputes the notion that the mentions to Rio de Janeiro in the literature of Machado are mere scenographies. The detailed study of the tales “Uns braços”, “Missa do galo”, “A cartomante”, “A causa secreta” reveals the kind of understanding that Machado de Assis developed on indeterminacy in everyday life: Rio is presented as a complex city In which the characters often encounter several lines resulting from the flow of everyday events. In Barreto's literature, the appearance / essence tension and social exclusion explain the representations of the city as a permanent estrangement from European to African culture. The study of the tales “Um e outro”, “O homem que sabia javanês”, “Cló”, “O filho de Gabriela” reveals the kind of understanding that Lima Barreto developed about the insulation of modern life: Rio is presented as a city empty of a common cultural heritage. The general considerations of this work establish that the literary images of the city of Rio de Janeiro make up a system of representations whose effect is to bring Rio de Janeiro's capital closer to European cities. Westernizing, modernizing, and liberal traits were emphasized to cover up the archaic, rural, and colonial dimensions of the country. In this way, the valorization of “europeidade” allowed the intellectual and dominant groups to identify with the European way of life. Machado de Assis and Lima Barreto, however, deconstructed these imagery through ironic and critical expressions, exposing the contradictions of urban life in Rio. Thus, the representations of Rio de Janeiro in the literature of both tended to show indetermination and estrangement as typical features of modern life in Rio.
Estudo dos efeitos do biodiesel e suas misturas com óleo diesel em materiais metálicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-09) Kugelmeier, Cristie Luis; Monteiro, Marcos Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3342080276878958; Sordi, Vitor Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8364164402481940; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4297380243023526
The use of biodiesel in vehicles can significantly reduce dependence on fossil fuels and help to reduce environmental pollution. However, there are concerns about the compatibility of automotive materials in contact with biodiesel. Alloys of ferrous and non-ferrous metals that come in contact with the fuel may exhibit corrosive behavior because biodiesel, which has different chemical characteristics compared to diesel, may interact with materials in a different way. The objective of the study was to compare the corrosion behavior of SAE 8620 carbon steel; 13 Cr supermartensitic stainless steel; AA6061-T4 aluminum alloy with and without Equal-Channel Angular Pressing; copper and lead in three diesel/biodiesel binary blends (B7, B15 and B30). Mass loss tests were performed by total immersion, crevice corrosion, partial immersion and in contact with the vapor phase of each binary blends for 2160 h at 50 °C. The materials were evaluated through structural characterization, optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray dispersive energy (EDX), determination of metallic elements in the blends and corrosivity of the copper. The physicochemical characteristics of the mixtures were determined by oxidative stability analyzes at 110 °C, specific mass at 20 °C, kinematic viscosity at 40 °C, hydrogen and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C) and ASTM color analysis. The results showed that copper and lead are materials not recommended for use in contact with biodiesel. SAE 8620 carbon steel, 13 Cr supermartensitic stainless steel and AA 6061-T4 aluminum alloy are more resistant materials in contact with biodiesel and their blends with diesel oil, which can be used, for example, as materials in the construction of transport and storage tanks.
Os diretores de YPF e as mudanças no controle da empresa, 1976-2016
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-09) Vidal, Nicolás Alfredo; Donadone, Julio César; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643906508178259; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0263871627893408
Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales (YPF) is the largest oil company in Argentina, founded in 1922 by the former President Hipólito Yrigoyen, and since then is a reference within and outside the country for being the first State oil company in the world to be vertically integrated. Also, it is currently the second largest company in the country, according to its revenue, only behind the Techint organization. In the last forty years changes in law have allowed modifications in the ownership model of this Argentine company. In 1993, YPF shift from being completely state-owned company to a public company with state control. Soon after, it was bought by the Spaniard Repsol and, in 2012, during the government of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, was partially renationalized and it operates as a mixed company since then. Based on Economic Sociology literature, we analyze the changes in the corporate control of the company, observing the trajectory of its directors in several years, including the recent shifts conducted by Mauricio Macri's government. We specifically analyze and compare the trajectories of the directors of YPF in the years 1977, 1985, 1994, 2005, 2014 and 2016 to understand if there were changes in their trajectories that are explained and, at the same time, explain the displacements in corporate control of the company in the last 40 years. The years chosen for analysis are relevant not only for the transformations occurring within the company, but also due to the transformations occurred in the economic and political instances of the country. We base our trajectory analysis on the life histories approach (Mallimacci, 2007) and also incorporate socioeconomic variables, such as academic education (graduation and post-graduation courses and type of University), career trajectory, age and sex. We also applied the prosopographic analysis of the data gathered in the YPF 20-f form, which is the annual company reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), in the balance sheets to the CNV (Comisión Nacional de Valores) and in specialized newspapers and magazines. Still, we will seek to use specific case studies to formalize more general ideas about the organization of YPF, both in the control of the internal environment of the company as the external one, addressing it as a field or a social space, always observing the periodic transformations as metaphors for possible changes inscribed within capitalism itself, which sometimes organizes as a more productive and, sometimes, as a more financialized system.
Refratários avançados sinterizados com líquidos transientes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-09) Giovannelli Maizo, Iris Dayana; Luz, Ana Paula da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470395641242374; Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3353244318353261
Sintering additives (AS) have great potential to be applied in refractory castables as they reduce the densification temperature of these products. Additionally, these components may induce the generation of a transient liquid phase in the microstructure at high temperatures, which can react with the other materials of the composition to give rise novel solid refractory phases. Considering these aspects, the present work evaluated the role of five different AS (boron oxide, boric acid, sodium borosilicate, magnesium borate and boron carbide) when added to alumina-based castable compositions containing hydratable alumina as binder. Based on the thermomechanical characterization, XRD analysis and the in situ elastic modulus measurement, boron carbide (B4C) have been selected as a promising AS because this material sped up the sintering process at lower temperatures and induced the aluminum borates formation due to the reaction between the liquid phase and the fine alumina contained in the castable matrix. Afterwards, the effects of B4C was evaluated in ultra-low calcium oxide castables bonded with: colloidal alumina (AC), hydratable alumina (AB) and/ or SioxX®-Zero (SZ). SZ-bonded materials (4 wt.%) had good performance at temperatures around 1100°C due to the mullite generation. On the another hand, castables containing AC as binder (4 wt.% of solids) and 0.5 wt.% of B4C are promising options to be used in working conditions between 600-815°C, whereas the same mixture without B4C could only be densified above 1100°C. Similar effect was observed when 1.0 wt.% B4C was added to SZ-containing castables as the aluminum borates generation allows these compositions to be used in working conditions around 815°C. Therefore, an appropriate AS selection for high-alumina castables with ultra-low CAC content has the potential to favour the earlier sintering of the refractory and improve its thermomechanical properties, which can fulfill the requirements of the petrochemical industry.
Dinâmica espaço – temporal do bacterioplâncton em um sistema de várzea Amazônico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-09) Reis, Mariana Câmara dos; Bagatini, Inessa Lacativa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3904631503604006; Sarmento, Hugo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4515469289999439; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3529544819070188
Amazonian floodplains are complex networks that play relevant roles in global biogeochemical cycles, and the bacterioplankton degradation of organic matter is key in regional carbon budget in these systems. The Amazon undergoes seasonal variations in water level, which produces changes in landscape and in sources of organic inputs into floodplain systems. Although these changes should affect bacterioplankton, no studies have addressed the question of which factors drive spatial and temporal patterns of bacterioplankton in these systems. We used high-throughput (Illumina MiSeq) sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16SrRNA gene to investigate the spatiotemporal patterns of bacterioplankton community at different diversity layers and size fractions, and their correlation with environmental variables in an Amazon floodplain lake. Overall, four phyla dominated the community throughout the study: Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria and Planctomycetes, but their abundance were different between size fractions, hydrologic periods and influence area. The rare biosphere had an important contribution for the composition patterns of all community and showed be more influenced by the spatial complexity. We found that the floodpulse was the mainly drive force of community composition patterns for the free-living fraction, and the distance from the Amazon river was the main driver for the particle-attached fraction. We also found differences between the combination of local and regional factors across space and time shaping the community. This is the first detailed characterization of the bacterioplankton community composition in an Amazon floodplain lake and we demonstrated that the spatial and temporal complexity of this system were reflected in bacterioplankton community composition.