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Imersões de variedades de Dold e de Wall em espaços euclidianos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-10)
Moraes, Renato Monteiro de
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Pergher, Pedro Luiz Queiroz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3328545959112090
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6491436523621062
Sequência didática: uma alternativa para o ensino de acústica para o ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-10)
Mazeti, Lucas Jesus Bettiol
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Brandl, Ana Lúcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308757619164141
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6208800173888434
The present work consists of a teaching learning sequence in the theme of Acoustics, built under the theory of significant learning of David Ausubel, to assist teachers in the teaching of Physics on this topic. The proposal was implemented in a high school class of Colégio Integrado Monteiro Lobato school in the city of Itu, in the interior of São Paulo. The analysis of the data was qualitative and tried to identify if there was significant learning on the part of the students about the content of the Acoustics, so that a significantly appropriation of the concepts of acoustics was observed at the end of the work. It is believed that this material is very flexible, facilitating the application of the classroom and adapting to the reality of the teacher, since it is assembled in modules, propitiating the use in a wide variety of environments.
A construção social do meia sola : trabalho, pobreza e o Programa Bolsa Família na zona da mata canavieira de Alagoas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-10)
Santos, Charles dos
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Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4736477447714245
The research in question was conducted in the Zona da Mata Canavieira of Alagoas, Brazil, a region that is characterized by the expressive presence of sugarcane agribusiness and poverty, which is manifested in critical indicators of human and social development. The study is an analysis of the living conditions of sugarcane workers in two cities located in this territory – Branquinha and União dos Palmares – as well as of the means accessed by these men and women and their relatives to ensure family survival. The study, which is eminently qualitative, was carried out based on the bibliographical research and the accomplishment of open and semi-structured interviews with men and women of the cities mentioned above that were at the intersection of the experience as workers in sugarcane sector and the experience as beneficiaries of Bolsa Família Program. The theoretical approach that guided the research is that which deals with the precariat, this fraction of class that according to the Brazilian sociologist Ruy Braga lives squeezed between the threat of socioeconomic exclusion and the increase of the exploitation of its workforce by economic sectors; and is also, according to the British economist Guy Standing, the social segment that most suffers from the insecurity about the rights. The study showed that sugarcane workers in Branquinha and União dos Palmares oscillated between formal work and informal work, but both of which were carried out in precarious conditions. The first is related to those activities that despite be registered are extremely painful and hurtful to the physical and mental health of the worker. Some examples are sugarcane cutting, herbicide application in cane fields, and cane scrolling on slopes. The second refers to the activities done without any social protection and which are equally heavy and painful. The exploration of sand in rivers and the work in quarries are some cases. It was also seen that even the workers who were beneficiaries of a monetary transfer program such as Bolsa Família continued to accomplish precarious works and were paid well below their basic consumption needs. This leads one to believe that the program puts away the workers from the risks of complete socioeconomic exclusion, but does not give them the conditions to get rid of the need to accomplish dirty, heavy, seasonal and poorly paid jobs, such as those in the cane field. The meia sola of the title, therefore, refers to these workers, since in the region where the empirical immersion has taken place the expression has to do with precariousness, indefinition and incompleteness. The meia sola is the precarious worker of the socio-geographic space known as the Zona da Mata Canavieira of Alagoas, that is a region with huge sugar cane fields and big sugar cane mills.
A questão agrária na agenda governamental de FHC e Lula : uma análise à luz dos estudos de formação de agenda
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-10)
Carvalho, Flávia Sanches de
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Capella, Ana Cláudia Niedhardt
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5810332148425938
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4796211572842235
This research has as general objective to analyze the trajectory and the movement of the agrarian question in the governmental agenda, from 1995 to 2006, based on the application of instruments that show the change in the priorities of this policy, specifically observing the Presidential Discourses, Decrees, Provisional Measures and Messages forwarded by the President of the Republic to the National Congress, based on a multidisciplinary view of public policies, notably the formation studies in the agenda-setting. The analysis used here, therefore, focuses on the process of changes in public policies focused on the governments FHC I and II and Lula I. So, that the objectives are achieved, this dissertation is based on the model of punctuated equilibrium (Punctuated Equilibrium Framework) Baumgartner and Jones (1993) which seeks, through temporal mapping of care indicators, analyze the rise and the changes of an issue on the government agenda over time. From the above model, will seek to clarify, explain and discuss the movement of land reform policies over twelve years of administrations. Thus, is expected to contribute to the studies in the field of public policies on the agenda of training in Brazil.
Trabalho agrícola na colheita do dendê : a contribuição da ergonomia na avaliação das condições de trabalho em uma empresa de médio porte no nordeste do estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-10)
Robert, Leila de Fátima Oliveira de Jesus
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Camarotto, João Alberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1415151275600763
The main aim of this research is to understand how the operators deal with the variability of agricultural work in palm oil harvesting, the inherent strategies to the conditions of production and how they organize in the face of the specificities of this work, in a medium sized company in the State of Pará. To this, an adaptation had to be made in the method of ergonomic analysis of the work. The analysis contemplated the set of activities that integrate the harvest: cleaning, pruning, transportation and collection of loose fruit. Both in the look of the system as a whole and in the analysis of one by one. It was found that the distribution of the tasks is done in a fragmented way, in which each operator that was assigned to that task performs only that task. However, changes in management models are insufficient to indicate that agricultural work is influenced by Taylor/Ford models. The agricultural work of palm harvest involves a relationship in which, in part, the operator manages his own activity. So, the research suggests a management model based on the organizational specificities analyzed. It was observed the presence of little integration in the execution of the activities, of little community, although there is a good relationship between the operators. This fact is due to the tasks being organized by teams, within the parcels, under the command of a person in charge, it was verified a distribution in pairs or individual operator by planting lines, which results in monotony, reinforced by the fact of the team to work with plant of specific height. It was found that the agricultural work of the palm harvest tends to have much variability, for example, those classified as normal and predictable, such as encountering venomous animals and/or leaf thorn. We highlight problems with the use and handling of tools, which contribute to increase the efforts at work - the "handle" and the weight - require significant strategies associated with their adaptation, such as: tying alloys and filling with sand in the inner part of the aluminum cable. All these factors point to the understanding that the research extended the understanding of the "palm harvest" work and that, from this knowledge, the proposed actions generate other scientific research with intervention in the field that can bring improvements in the working conditions of these operators.
Análise dos critérios para implantação de centros de distribuição urbana em cidades históricas brasileiras: o caso de Outro Preto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-10)
Carvalho, Nayara Louise Alves de
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Vieira, José Geraldo Vidal
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2068340476477363
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1527754043308188
The streets historic cities are designed to support only the traffic of animal-dragged vehicles and few pedestrians. However, the heavy flow of vehicles in these cities leads to negative impacts for city logistics and for the preservation of its built heritage. These impacts are more perceived in the historical center, which is the oldest place in the cities, usually characterized by narrow streets, winding trails and, in some cases, sloping terrain, in addition to being the place where there is a predominance of commercial and administrative activities. A possible solution to minimize these impacts, particularly those related to freight transport, is the implementation of an Urban Distribution Center (UDC). However, prior to the effective implementation of a UCD, it is necessary to do a study about the conditions that may favor its use and to understand the views of stakeholders involved directly or indirectly in this process. The main objective of the study is to analyse the relevant criteria to be considered in the implementation of a CDU to supply the Brazilian historical cities, taking the example of the historic center of Ouro Preto, which is considered a reference to the other historical cities. For this, based on the perception of sustainability (economic, social and environmental), technical and historical criteria reported in the literature, is done a survey with retailers, carriers, residents, and municipal guards of Ouro Preto. Five semi-structured interviews are also carried out: three with public authorities related to freight traffic in the city, one with a manager of the commercial association and another with the head of the office of Iphan, a Federal autarchy that aims to ensure the preservation of the historical heritage of Ouro Preto. To find the relevant criteria, a descriptive analysis and a factor analysis is applied. Moreover, the qualitative analysis of interviews, and the literature review will be used to correlate the results. It is concluded that residents and municipal guards have similar point of views while retailers and carriers diverge opinions among themselves and among the other agents. The carriers have also shown against the existence of the negative impacts of transport. The variables that presented at least 75% of agreement among all the agents were: increase of the level of service; local prosperity; total investments and costs; use of technologies and vehicle size. The factors found for retailers and residents showed little correlation, reinforcing the different points of view of these agents. However, it should be noted that the most striking factor for both agents was related to the concern for the preservation of historical patrimony, by representing 14.31% of the variance in the set of all variables of the retailers and 21.12% of the common variables of the retailers; in the case of residents, this factor explained 23,38% of the all variance.
Caracterização do efeito da rugosidade em filmes finos de TiNb sobre o aço 316L para aplicação na biomedicina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-10)
Sato, Patrícia Suemi
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Nascente, Pedro Augusto de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1387043320265189
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3981512066887381
With the increase in life expectancy, there has been a raise in the use of prostheses due to the need to replace parts of the human body. To avoid tissue rejection, metal alloys from implants should be biocompatible. The Ti-6Al-4V alloy is widely used in prostheses, however, aluminum presents tissue irritation and inflammation issues and vanadium oxide is unstable, with a high probability of being cytotoxic. Thus, the search for new alternatives has reached the Ti-β alloys, whose properties are more similar to those of the human bone and its structure can present stable or metastable phases according to the quantity of the alloying elements. Unfortunately, Ti prosthesis have a high price compared to the 316L and 316L stainless steel ones, as the later do not have the biocompatibility characteristics of Ti. It seems an interesting research topic about how to use a Ti alloy coating in stainless steel for biomedical application. To be able to deposit the metal alloy, magnetron sputtering is a good choice, since this technique is largely used to obtain thin films due to the quality of the formed films, their high deposition rate, low pressure work and less intense electron bombardment of the substrate. Consequently, it has been used in the manufacture of thin films of Ti and its alloys for biomedical applications. There is no notice of another research group working in this theme. In this project, the objective is to study the influence of the surface change on the deposition of the thin films and if there is difference in the composition when performing chemical cleaning before spraying.
A diversidade de insetos madícolos em montanhas de mata atlântica : uma abordagem ecológica e taxonômica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-10)
Shimabukuro, Erika Mayumi
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Strixino, Susana Trivinho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1804083229761186
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2984229588673612
Ecologists all over the world have long been interested in studying mountains. Many factors explain the importance of mountain ecosystems as models to test patterns of spatial variation of biological communities: 1. Along altitudinal gradients significant climate changes can be observed in a relatively short spatial scale; 2. Comparing to oher spatial gradients, e.g. latitude, experiments developed in mountains are easily replicable; 3. The isolation and proximity from other mountains, as well as the noticeable climatic and geologic events that they experience, ensure the high biogeographical value of mountains; 4. Mountains guarantee ideal conditions for the establishment of a remarkable biodiversity, facilitating speciation process and the survivor of rare and endemic species. Regarding these factors, the main objective of this study was to assess patterns of richness and dissimilarity variations along altitudinal gradients at Atlantic Forest from Southeast Brazil. The madicolous (hygropetric) insect community and three mountains located at Serra do Mar and Serra da Mantiqueira – compounding a gradient from 0 m to 2700 m a.s.l. 0 were the study object of this work. At the first part of the thesis (ecologic approach), important hypotheses of richness and dissimilarity’ variations along altitudinal gradients have been tested: 1 Rapoport’s effect; 2. Spatial effect; 3. Environmental control; 4. “Mountain Passes are Higher in the Tropics”; 5. Source-sink dynamics. As madicolous habitats shelter a peculiar fauna of insects, and poorly addressed in literature, in the second part of the thesis (taxonomic approach), a checklist of all madicolous Chironomidae recorded here is presented. In addition, new species belonging to three Chironomidae genera are described and new records were evidenced. Madicolous insects are extremely diverse, and most of the taxa that compound it are the same found in insect community from streams. A significant variation of richness and dissimilarity have been observed along the gradients analyzed, and further, this variables showed deeply related to the gradients’ altitude. Regarding the madicolous Chironomidae community, many species unknown to science have been verified, many of them with restricted altitudinal distribution. In addition, many known species have been recorded for the first time in this peculiar habitat. These results confirm the importance and the need of conservation and monitoring of mountain ecosystems, especially at tropical region, where climatic impacts and anthropic pressure tend to be harsher.
Abordagens de otimização para o problema de alocação dinâmica de veículos no contexto de transporte rodoviário de carga no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-10)
Cruz, Cesar Dario Alvarez
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4194801952934254
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4498316314606067
This work aims at treating the Dynamic Vehicle Allocation Problem (DVAP) in the context of the Brazilian Freight Transportation system. The problem consists of allocating empty vehicles to different terminals so as to attend the demand of freight transport during a predetermined planning horizon while maximizing the profit from these services. These type of decisions arise in customized freight transport services and in between-terminals operations of consolidation freight services. Given the size of the resulting models of real life problems confronted by third party logistics operators are large for using exact solution methods, heuristic methods have been used for giving good quality solution at the expense of optimality guarantee. In this context, the objective of this work is to contribute with solution methods that provide optimality guarantee or quality solution certificates for treating large-scale problems in reasonable computational times. The methods utilized are lagrangean relaxation, using subgradient optimization, and DantzigWolfe decomposition together with a lagrangian heuristic and factibilization method, respectively. Computational experiments are presented and analyzed for randomly generated instances and real-world instances from a brasilian freight operator. The latter method shows great potential for treating large-scale problems.
Impressão 3D de compósitos de fosfatos de cálcio com poli (ácido lático) para aplicações biomédicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-10)
Napolitano, Marcos Aurélio
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Mancini, Marília Wellichan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8831577546033673
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Oliveira, Cauê Ribeiro de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5321313558714462
The present work was carried out to analyze the viability of the 3D printing technique for the production of ceramic/polymer composites with bioabsorbable characteristics and both physical-chemical and mechanical properties suitable for the production of implants with a better osseointegration potential and less invasiveness. PLA/calcium phosphate composites in different amounts of organic fillers were obtained for better understanding the application limits of the 3D printing technique through composite filament fusion. Two different routes synthesized calcium phosphate: polymer precursors and acid method. For the composites, mixtures of 10, 30 and 50% by weight of the ceramic were tested, the polylactic acid polymer (PLA) was used, and the dispersion of this hydroxyapatite (HA) was compared with the presence of a compatibilizer, maleic anhydride acid (AM). Characterization analysis, such as Infrared (FT-IV) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and EDS dispersive energy spectroscopy) were used for ceramics as well as for the PLA polymer, and mechanical strength parameters analysis such as tensile, compression, shear and torsion, were also carried out in order to obtain mechanical characteristics of the obtained and studied composites. At the end of the synthesis of the ceramics, two types of calcium phosphate ceramics were obtained, and the one chosen was the one obtained through the wet process, hydroxyapatite (HA), due to its better crystallinity and purity. For mixing the ceramic and polymer, the chloroform solvent was used, due to the excellent polymer solubility and it was easily removed from the composite by evaporation. At the end of 3D printing of all composites, mechanical strength tests were performed in order to compare them with human bone data found in the literature. Preliminary testing with rats was also carried out. In conclusion, the most appropriate route of synthesis of the ceramic was found to be the wet method; The method of compatibilizing the ceramic into the polymer via dissolution with the chloroform solvent is efficient and safe. The impressions of the test specimens for mechanical tests via 3D printing are better performed with the aid of the AM, the obtained data from mechanical resistance meet the need of larger pieces for use of the composite in the medical and dentistry, and that the composite is biocompatible.
Reguladores do metabolismo bacteriano em reservatórios tropicais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-10)
Silva, Roberta Mafra Freitas da
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Sarmento, Hugo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4515469289999439
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8913921009282499
Reservoirs located in tropical regions are main carbon (C) sources to the atmosphere, and bacterial metabolism is a key process that regulates those emissions. However, studies on the environmental drivers of bacterial metabolism in tropical reservoirs are scarce. By measuring metabolic rates and the limnological parameters in four cascading reservoirs that form a trophic state gradient, we determined the environmental drivers of bacterial metabolism in a tropical region, and compared them with those found in the literature (mainly from temperate regions). Our multiple regression models selected variables related to the trophic state as the main drivers of bacterial production (BP) and bacterial growth efficiency (BGE). On the other hand, bacterial respiration (BR), and consequently bacterial carbon demand (BCD), were weakly and negatively correlated to dissolved organic carbon (DOC), contrasting with the literature data. BR was always high, especially in less productive reservoirs where planktonic communities were limited by phosphorus. Nutrient limitation, high temperatures and high incident light intensity increased the environmental hostility, and cells must invest more energy in maintenance mechanisms, which directs the metabolism towards BR. This was observed in the reservoirs studied, especially in the more oligotrophic environments (Nova Avanhandava and Três Irmãos) where BR was higher and ECB lower. Our results indicate that the regulatory mechanisms of bacterial metabolism may vary according to latitude.
Estudo da origem e transferência de metais e metalóides em áreas de manguezal, por meio de análises isotópicas na cadeia trófica e efeitos bioquímicos e morfológicos em Centropomus parallelus Poey, 1860
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-10)
Souza, Iara da Costa
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Monferrán, Magdalena
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Fernandes, Marisa Narciso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5391583114634391
Estuaries and coastal zones are affected by different types of anthropogenic influences derived from harbour activities, industrial and agriculture discharge. Two mangrove areas in two estuarine ecosystems: Bay of Vitória and Santa Cruz in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil, with different levels of contamination by metals were evaluated to identify the origin and transfer of the metals and metalloids, through the trophic chain to a top-chain organism (the fish, Centropomus parallelus). The concentrations of metals and metalloids were analyzed in the abiotic matrix (sediment, interstitial water, surface water and bottom water) and biotic (samples of plankton and shrimp) to determine the biomagnification of these pollutants along the trophic chain and their origin was determined using isotopic correlations (carbon, nitrogen and lead). At the same time, metal and metalloid concentrations in gills, muscles, liver and kidney of C. parallelus, as well as biochemical biomarkers of exposure and effect in these organs were evaluated. Ultrastructural analyzes were performed on gills, muscles, liver, gonad and kidney of C. parallelus to evaluate metals internalization and subcellular localization. Linear regression was performed for metal accumulated data for all food web to evaluate biomagnification, biodilution or non-interference of the trophic chain in the accumulation of the different metals evaluated. Stable isotope results are interpreted using a new algorithm (K-means; machine learning) to integrate data from the origin and transfer trough the food web; Multivariate statistical analysis were performed to integrate physical, chemical and biological data for C. parallelus tissues. Results of δ13C and δ15N confirmed plankton and trees as the base of the food web; indicated the crab, shrimp and oyster as intermediate levels, and the fish, C. parallelus, was confirmed as the top of the food web. δ15N also indicated different anthropic impacts in the estuaries, with Bay of Victory being impacted by fertilizers. The 87Sr / 86So isotopic ratio showed a highlight influence of marine water on the ecosystems. The lead fingerprint suggests that the atmospheric particulate material is the source of metal contamination in the ecosystems, being strongly influenced by metallurgical activities. The plant-crab-fish trophic chain presented higher biomagnification potential, while biodilution was more observed in the plankton-shrimp-fish and plankton-oyster trophic chains. Ultrastructural analysis of the abiotic and tissues samples of C. parallelus showed the internalization of metallic nanoparticles in cellular structures (vesicles; nucleus) of all organs analyzed. Nanocrystallographic analyzes shown that metallic nanoparticles found were compatible with those found in atmospheric particulate matter. Biomarkers data corroborate as ultrastructural analyzes, suggesting that metal accumulated cannot be all available. Responses and/or absence of them in a given organ show specific sensitivity of organs and tissues to the accumulation of metals. Metal levels in the gills indicate water contamination and decreased organ sensitivity in most metals; muscle was the least reactive tissue. Biochemical responses suggested that the route of metal elimination is through the gills and kidney. Hepatopancreas and kidneys are important organs of detoxification, being C. Parallelus able to support as environmental conditions, however, imposed with energy expenditure that can influence a growth rate and reproduction processes of this species.
Importância dos efeitos de absorção no espalhamento elástico de elétrons por moléculas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-11)
Ferraz, Jorge Ronan
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Machado, Luiz Eugenio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1364862671456515
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1788681502536563
In this work we study the importance of absorption effects on the electron-molecule interaction dynamics. These effects are simulated by a complex optical model potential from which the imaginary part is an absorption potential. In the numerical solution of the scattering electron wave equation, Padé’s approximant technique is used in association with the partial-wave expansion method. In our calculations, the scattering wave function, the interaction potential and all the related matrices are single-center expanded about the center of mass of the molecule, in terms of the angular symmetry-adapted functions xpM. The well-known convergence difficulty for polar targets is overcome in our studies by the use of a closure technique based on the First Born Approximation. We carry out studies on electron scattering by eight molecules: ammonia, formaldehyde, fluoromethane, formamide, dimethyl ether, dimethyl sulfide, pyrimidine, and acetone, all of them featuring a strong permanent electric dipole. We report elastic electron-molecule scattering differential (DCS), integral (ICS) and momentum transfer (MTCS) cross sections, as well as electron-molecule scattering total (TCS) and total absorption (TACS) cross sections for all the above-mentioned molecules. Our theoretical results are compared to experimental and other theoretical data available in the literature. Our results show the importance of absorption effects on electron-molecule scattering for incident electron energies in the (20-500) eV range.
“Em breve nos cinemas”: assimilação e articulação do formato trailer pela experiência cinematográfica brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-13)
Jaber, Fernanda Affonso de André
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Araújo, Luciana Sá Leitão Corrêa de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9890886509956837
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2588450957497427
The object of study of this dissertation is the film trailer in the context of Brazilian cinematic experience. From a historical perspective, this research clarifies how the relationship between the Brazilian trailer and the U.S. benchmark developed over time, and what were the influences of the imported object, both on the trajectory of the domestic trailer in the market and on its mode of discourse. The main concern was to understand where the trailers fit in the history of Brazilian cinema, a market dominated by U.S. productions. The research methodology used information contained in the archives of periodicals to articulate the context of the trailer in Brazil, focusing on the period in which imported trailers emerged and underwent mass-scale insertions in Brazil. Next, using the film material, case studies were prepared on the Brazilian trailers of the 1940s and the 1950s to identify rhetorical and aesthetic patterns in Brazilian advertisement production. This research hopes to contribute to a better understanding of the circulation (or the problems within the circulation) of Brazilian commercial productions of this period.
Os efeitos da exposição gradual à consequência e da oportunidade de escolha entre eventos de diferentes valores reforçadores sobre escolhas de autocontrole
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-13)
Calixto, Fernanda Castanho
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Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7438408946552610
The reasons why we make decisions have been focus of scientific interest and popular curiosity. The present research was conducted with the objective of investigating variables that influence self-controlled choices. Four studies were performed. The studies were carried out with eleven children aged 3 to 4. The experimental task consisted in the choice between two competing stimuli, presented in the monitor of a computer, followed by immediate consequences of smaller quantity and delayed ones of greater quantity. Study 1 aimed to train discriminations necessary for the choice between stimuli followed by consequences with different quantities and delays without verbal descriptions of the same. Participants were exposed to the following conditions: Simple Discrimination with Reversal, Training of Reinforcement Amount, and Reinforcement Delay. The results demonstrated that participants responded differently to concurrent stimuli in the first two experimental conditions. With the insertion of the delay, five participants finalized the study choosing the delayed consequence in percentage equal to or above 70% and three finalized choosing around 50%. Study 2 replicated Study 1 and further investigated the effect of equalizing the Interval between Attempts (EBT) on self-control choices. The results indicated that there were no substantial differences in the number of self-controlled choices between the conditions with and without EBT equalization. In Studies 3 and 4, potentially reinforcing events were manipulated along the delay of the consequence of greater quantity. Specifically, Study 3 was conducted with the objective of investigating the effect of the choice between preferred and non-preferred events on self-control choices. Participants were exposed to the following conditions: a) choice with high preference activities, b) choice with low preference activities, c) no choice with high preference activities, and d) no choice with low preference activities. The opportunity to choose was manipulated between conditions. The results indicated that self-controlled choices increased with preferred video conditions, regardless of the opportunity to choose between them. In Study 4 the opportunity of choice was manipulated intra-conditions and all videos available over the delay of consequence were of high reinforcement value. The results showed that the condition with opportunity to choose increased self-controlled choices.
Entre transgressões e consensos : a relação entre ética e estética no caso da telenovela “Lado a Lado” no âmbito do debate sobre ações afirmativas no ano de 2012
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-13)
Lopes, Ana Carolina Siani
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Borges, Rosangela Ferreira de Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7682526446467209
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Miotello, Valdemir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9131819326282708
This paper aimed to understand the potential relationships between the telenovela "Side by Side" (Rede Globo, 2012) and the clashes and discussions about Affirmative Actions that occurred in the Brazilian media in the year 2012, driven by the judgment of the Supreme Federal Court (STF) on the unconstitutionality of the system of racial quotas, applied by the University of Brasília (Unb) and the target of a lawsuit filed by the Democratic Party (DEM). In this way, the research sought to understand to what extent the novel and its discourse could be related and reverberating the voices of this debate, since it had as its narrative axis the post-abolition period of slavery and the conflicts about the insertion of the black population In the class society of the early twentieth century; period well remembered in the media debate to highlight the historical prejudice and the systematic marginalization of black people in Brazil. Thus, we start from the hypothesis that in both life and art discourses were produced about racism and the racial inequalities of Brazilian society. As a theoretical foundation for the constitution of such understanding, we anchor ourselves in the studies of the Circle of Mikhail Bakhtin (BAKHTIN, 2009; BAKHTIN, 2010; BAKHTIN, 2011; VOLOCHINOV, 2013; BAKHTIN, 2014), establishing a dialogue with The perspective of Cultural Studies on the media (MARTÍN-BARBERO, 1997; KELLNER, STAM, 2010; HALL, 2010; NEWCOMB, 2010), which gave us conditions to think mass communication in its dialogical character and as a terrain Confronted by both hegemonic values and dissenting values. In order to understand the statements produced in "Side by Side" (Rede Globo, 2012) in relation to the mediatic statements of the discussion on racial quotas in 2012, we have taken the text as a methodological path (BAKHTIN, 2011), in order to understand the statements produced in "Lado a Lado" (Rede Globo, 2012) in relation to the mediatic statements of the discussion on racial quotas in 2012, considering the responsiveness of the telenovela as a statement and considering it as a work of art that takes on meaning in its relation with the broader extra-verbal dimension (VOLOCHINOV, 2013). In this way, we seek the reconstitution of the ideological threads of the discourse on racial inclusion in the telenovela, in order to understand how these can constitute a consensus or transgression in relation to the conflicts of life.
Sonoridades vocais no cinema : a fala flutuante em “Familia Rodante” (2004), de Pablo Trapero
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-13)
Taño, Debora Regina
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Miranda, Suzana Reck
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8566012598222563
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6643308942785377
This research studies voice usage as a sound element, beyond its semantic content, having the movie Rolling Family (2004), from Argentinian movie director Pablo Trapero, as the analysis object. In this movie, characters’ lines appear to not be connected to information generally interpreted as “relevant”, but instead fluctuating through subjects that could be understood as “peripherical”. This characteristic would reduce the primary sematic role of voice, opening space to its presence as sound. Understanding voice as another layer of a movie sound construction and as an important factor in character configuration and actions, we observe which are the possible potencies implied in it sonority. Furthermore, we observe significations which emerge from the interaction between voice and the other sound components and to which extents such polyphony is capable of articulating specific narrative layers. These diversifications in voice usage may be approached in line with its demands, taking us to several questions and different theoretical approaches from which the movie present us as possible usage modes of vocal sonorities.
Aproveitamento do copolímero ABS reciclado na moldagem de compósitos com fibras de juta e avaliação de propriedades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-13)
Hosokawa, Meire Noriko
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Paiva, Jane Maria Faulstich de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7926832511513537
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6389207869131944
In a technology-driven society, the increase of electrical and electronic equipment consumption has been a matter of concern in relation to its management, since the expectation is that the quantity of electrical and electronic waste (WEEE) produced worldwide will reach 49.8 million tonnes by 2018. The reprocessing of WEEE is an alternative to reduce the environmental impact caused by improper disposal. In this work, composites using recycled ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) copolymer from WEEE were developed, reinforced with jute fiber fabrics. These materials were molded by compression molding in a hydraulic press in order to evaluate mechanical properties (flexural, tensile and impact strength), melt flow index, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA/DTG) and fracture analysis by Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) after mechanical tests. It was observed in the thermal analysis that adding jute fiber fabric caused a decrease in the thermal stability of the composites in relation to the matrix. By mechanical properties, it was verified that, by adding jute fiber fabrics, an increase in flexural and tensile strength occurred up to 13% and 9%, respectively. In addition, it was observed in the impact test for notched specimens that no chances occurred in the maximum strength value about 100 J/m, which is a positive result, since recycled materials tend to present lower impact strength values. Fracture analyzes of the materials demonstrated that the incorporation of the jute fiber fabrics improved the molding process and compaction of recycled ABS. Thus, the incorporation of jute fiber fabric in recycled ABS demonstrated satisfactory results, enabling the substitution of synthetic materials in composites. In addition, recycling of ABS promotes the volume reduction of this type of discarded polymer and its reinsertion in productive chain, aiming, for example, new products such as panels, furniture, shoe soles and automotive components.
Simulação do comportamento de íons em solos altamente intemperizados utilizando o modelo de capacitância constante
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-13)
Silva, Luiz Gabriel da
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Casagrande, José Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7227235855217660
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Colato, Alexandre
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5460973924624757
Agriculture is a very important economic activity in Brazil, and almost all cultures are grown directly on the soil. Thus, improve the knowledge of soil behavior is fundamental for the improvement of agricultural practices potentially harmful to the environment. The acric Oxisols are highly weathered soils, present in large and important productive productive regions of Brazil, and there are few studies using surface complexation models for description of ion adsorption processes in these soils. This work aimed at verifying the adequacy of the constant capacitance model in describing the adsorption of copper, cadmium, nickel and zinc in Latosols acric. This verification was done by analysing simulation residues and comparing surface potencial simuations with the values of PESN. All cations used are plant nutrients or important trace elements with respect to environmental contamination. In this work three soils were considered,Oxisol acric (LVwf), Oxisoil acric (LAw) and Eutric Kandiudalf (NVef). Measurements of their chemical (CEC, pH, Organic carbon, etc,), mineralogical (kaolinite and gibbsite) and physical (distribution of particle size and specific surface area) properties as well as adsorption, were obtained from literature. The adsorption envelope measurements collected in the literature were generally very consistent, and the cadmium and zinc measures are more behaved distribution in relation to other cations. Capacitance constant model were performed by a iterative computer program named FITQL. The constant capacitance model proved reasonably adequate to simulate the behavior of all the cations of the study. Simulations for nickel were relatively inconsistent regarding the experimental measurements. In most cases it was not possible to make appropriate distinctions between measurements and simulations for surface and depth, between the three concentrations of supporting electrolyte. All simulations of waste presented well-defined structure, unlike that normally expected. This may occur mainly due to methodological errors or errors inherent to the model, however, examples were not found in the literature regarding the waste generated by the simulation model for a proper comparison.
Modificação da molhabilidade da celulose por processos subsequentes de ablação e deposição a plasma
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-14)
Camargo, Janine Sanches Gonzaga de
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Menezes, Aparecido Junior de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0484426340349483
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Silva, Adriana de Oliveira Delgado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2707979913713089
Cellulose is a biopolymer available in abundance in nature, which presents very interesting properties mainly for the textile, packaging and paper industry. However, due to its strongly hydrophilic character, resulting from the presence of a large number of free hydroxyl groups in its molecule, its use in certain areas becomes limited. In order to promote the modification of the wetting characteristic of the cellulose, and make it superhydrophobic, samples of this material were submitted to plasma processes performed in two steps: ablation and film deposition. Initially, the effect of variation of ablation time on the creation of adequate surface topography was studied. For this, the samples were exposed to the oxygen plasma at a pressure of 13 Pa and power of 150 W, varying the treatment time from 5 to 60 minutes. Then, the treated samples were submitted to the process called PECVD (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition), in which a film was deposited on the surface from the precursor hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) in the presence of argon, in a ratio of 70 e 30%, respectively. The deposition time was set to 30 minutes and the power applied was 150 W. In a second investigation, the effect of the thickness of the deposited film was studied. In this case, the cellulose samples were previously exposed to the oxygen ablation plasma for 60 minutes and then led to the PECVD process, with the deposition time varying from 5 to 30 minutes. In a third investigation, the duration of the ablation and deposition steps was reduced to 30 and 1 minute, respectively, in order to optimize the methodology. The samples were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), profilometry, static contact angle measurements and hysteresis and sliding angle measurements. The results demonstrated that longer exposure times for the ablation step provide a significant modification in the material, through the creation of nanoscale structures on the surface of the fibers. The deposition step promoted the formation of films with organosilicon character on the cellulose surface, with thicknesses varying between 144 and 910 nm. The combination of the topography created after 30 minutes of ablation with the thin film resulting from the deposition step for 1 minute provided a surface with low receptivity for both polar (? = 150°) and nonpolar (? ~ 120°) liquids, whose wettability property remained stable with treatment aging time. The low values obtained for hysteresis (9°) and sliding angle (7°) confirm the creation of a superhydrophobic roll-off surface.