Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2017-03-22"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 6 de 6

De um corpo tão gentil como profano : um arquivo jurídico sobre as prostitutas no Brasil (1940-2012)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-22) Bernardes, Elizete de Souza; Sargentini, Vanice Maria Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1406919572611392; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1471567021751171
Cette thèse de doctorat s‟inscrit dans le cadre de l‟analyse française de discours et instaure une réflexion sur les modalités de la construction historique, dans l‟archive juridique brésilienne, du concept de « prostituée », en regard de sa relation avec le corps. Nous observons comment cette construction fait actuellement l‟objet de re-significations et supporte concomitamment les effets de mémoire des périodes antérieures : les énoncés entrent dans un régime de formation et de transformation, de mémoire, d‟appropriation, de mutations discursives. Au cours de ces dernières années, plusieurs lois concernant les femmes ont en effet émergé dans l‟archive juridique brésilienne (le statut de la femme mariée, la loi Maria da Penha, la loi sur le féminicide, etc.) et leur ont conféré des droits et une protection juridique. D‟emblée, une question intrigante se posait : comment certaines femmes (les prostituées) ontelles été objectivées dans l‟archive juridique, sur la base de leur corps et de leurs pratiques ? La problématique de la recherche se formule alors de la manière suivante : comment le discours juridico-légal, sur une période de « durée moyenne » (BRAUDEL, 1978), de 1940 à 2012, au Brésil, et dans son engendrement avec d‟autres domaines de connaissance, produit-il des vérités sur le corps de la prostituée ? Notre hypothèse de recherche est que des politiques de contrôle du dire et surtout d‟incitation au dire sur la sexualité ourdissent la trame du discours juridique. Les dires sur la prostituée suivront ainsi la trame du discours du droit sur son corps, en lui conférant un « effet de réel » et de vérité. En d‟autres termes, le corps sera considéré comme un objet discursif, et, dans une grande mesure, sémiologique (SARGENTINI ; CURCINO ; PIOVEZANI, 2011) : il est doté de signifiés et d‟effets de sens ourdis par le discours. Il s‟agit ainsi, pour chaque temporalité historique, de comprendre les énonciabilités possibles sur la prostituée et son corps, dans l‟engendrement du savoir juridique avec d‟autres discours qui le déterminent et le construisent. Le cadre théorique de la recherche se fonde sur les études inaugurées par Jean-Jacques Courtine pour la sémiologie historique du corps (2013 ; 2011 ; 1988), sur les considérations de Foucault dans la Vérité et les formes juridiques (2002) et l‟Archéologie du savoir (2013a), entre autres. L‟étude suit une méthodologie archéologique et le concept même d‟archive (FOUCAULT, 2013a), qui se composera d‟énoncés législatifs et d‟autres divers, l‟ensemble configurant un « domaine associé ». De surcroît, par le biais des mises à jour et de la nouveauté au sein de la répétition, nous cherchons à saisir comment les énoncés à propos du corps de la prostituée entrent dans un régime d‟événement discursif (FOUCAULT, 2013a ; GUILHAUMOU et MALDIDIER, 2004). Enfin, nous en venons à la thèse que le corps de la prostituée est utopique (FOUCAULT, 2013b), car il s‟inscrit invariablement dans un autre lieu – et se montre donc inappréhensible pour le droit. Le corps de la prostituée est l‟espace hétérotopique du désir, des fantaisies, mais aussi un lieu où le droit peut établir des règles et intervenir ponctuellement et directement.
Relação entre prioridades competitivas e estrutura organizacional: estudo multicasos em empresas do setor de autopeças de Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-22) Oliveira, Lucas Gabriel Brito de; Guimarães, Márcia Regina Neves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9250214706491925; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0918373705963230
The production strategy has been considered important to obtain advantages over competitors. Its content is made up of competitive priorities and decision categories (or areas) that should develop such priorities. Among these categories, there is the organizational structure that should have characteristics that foster the priorities adopted by the organization. In this context, the present work seeks to identify which is the competitive priority of the companies in the auto parts sector of the city of Sorocaba and how the organizational structure can favor its development. Through a qualitative study, using the methodology of study of multicases, the organizational structures that favor the development of one or more competitive priorities were identified and compared. In the four companies studied it was observed that the competitive priority is quality. In these companies, the characteristics of the organizational structure that favor this competitive priority are the high degree of formalization of the activities, the decentralization of the decisions, training, the awareness of the leaders on the importance of quality, and the incentive to the formal and informal communication in the group work and meetings.
Uma abordagem de desenvolvimento de software orientado pelos modelos de objetos persistentes e de negócio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-22) Santos, João Paulo Moreira dos; Prado, Antonio Francisco do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2668568143800755; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2474278895768267
The Software Engineering aims to support all aspects of software development, having as some of its challenges the reduction of delivery time and the improvements that facilitate the development of the software. Thus, it is necessary to create tools, methods and mechanisms that support and improve the software development process, including its maintenance, considering the changes of requirements over time. These maintenances can occur due to the evolution of technologies and the new needs of its users. In order to support the Software Development Process (SDP), code generation techniques and business process management have been widely used. With this focus, and aiming to improve the SDP, a set of techniques were researched which, combined, resulted in a development approach, whose bases are the Business Models and Persistent Object Classes and Code Generation. These techniques, widely used by developers today, integrated in the proposed approach, allowed to support and guide the developer in both the construction and maintenance of the software. The approach defines activities that should be performed during software development and employs the concepts, techniques, and tools that support those activities. The approach was evaluated through the development of an experimental study and it was verified that its use provided improvements in the time and facilities in the SDP, not only during the construction of the software, but also in its maintenance.
Desenvolvimento de procedimentos de preparo de amostras usando sistemas em fluxo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-22) Marques, Thiago Linhares; Nóbrega, Joaquim de Araújo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8833989058164529; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0207548032522769
Sample preparation using flow and flow-batch systems were here studied. Initially, it was evaluated a microwave-assisted flow digestion system operated under high pressure and high temperature for sample preparation of solid samples of animal and plant tissues (bovine liver, bovine muscle, shrimp, spinach, tomato and orange leaves) and liquid samples of foods (apple juice, mango juice, whole and partially skimmed milk) for macro and micronutrients determination by ICP OES. The digestion efficiencies of glucose, glycine, phenylalanine and nicotinic acid solutions, which are compounds considered easy, medium, difficult and hard to digest, were 98, 63, 22 and 4%, respectively, in the selected conditions (500 W and 5 mL min-1). The developed microwave-assisted flow digestion system showed similar or better digestion efficiencies than other systems described in the literature. Most concentrations of elements determined in CRMs of bovine liver (NIST 1577b) and apple leaves (NIST 1515), which were digested with 6 mol L-1 HNO3, were in good agreement with certified values. Best digestion efficiencies of solid samples (ca. 90%) were reached when using a mixture of 6 mol L-1 HNO3 with 0.4 mol L-1 HCl. Using the digestion mixture composed by 3.7 mol L-1 HNO3 plus 0.3 mol L-1 HCl best digestion efficiencies were reached for fruit juices (ca. 77%), while for milk digestion was more effective (ca. 76%) using 10.5 mol L-1 HNO3. Macro and micronutrient concentrations determined in these samples agreed well with the contents determined by microwave-assisted acid digestion on closed vessels according to a paired t test for multiple samples (P = 95%). Alternatively, it was evaluated a flow-batch extraction system for online determination of macro and micronutrients by ICP OES. The best extraction conditions were reached using 50 mg of sample, 4 min of extraction time with 10 mL of 8 and 4 % (V V-1) HCl for plant and animal tissues, respectively. Quantitative extractions of Cu, Mg, Mn, Na and K were reached in 30 s for spinach leaves, while 4 min were needed for Ca, Ba and Sr. Bovine liver required 4 min of extraction time for all these analytes. These extractions conditions were applied for samples of plant and animal tissues and CRMs previously mentioned and the extraction efficiencies ranged from 80 to 117% for most analytes. According to a paired t test at a 95% confidence level there was no significant differences for most elements determined by flow-batch extraction and microwave-assisted digestion in closed vessels. The exception was Fe in all evaluated conditions for all samples since it is strongly linked to the sample matrix. Both flow systems were promising for sample preparation, but they still need to be improved for routine analysis applications. The microwave-assisted flow digestion system was effective for determination of a large number of elements, but it required sophisticated devices. On the other hand, the developed flow-batch extraction system is simple, but it is not applicable for quantitative determination of elements strongly linked to sample matrices.
Relação custo/benefício de métodos de levantamento de fauna silvestre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-22) Fernandes, Tatiane Cristina Rech; Verdade, Luciano Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5737871911060351; Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5898377087915223
Projects that cause impact to the environment when complying with environmental licensing, besides obligations, must apply a survey and monitoring the wildlife. Although the constantly environmental legislation evolution, there is a large gap between the regulations and standards to apply these studies. The methodology choose that adequately answered the effects of the impacts caused by the enterprise is relevant to the proper orientation of mitigation and conservation actions, and also efficiently uses the invested resource, maximizing the costbenefit ratio. Generally in studies related to environmental licensing are used indirect methodologies for the survey of medium and large mammals. This work compares the cost / benefit of the methodologies for the survey of medium and large mammals traditionally used (i.e., footprint transaction of and camera-trapping) between to the trophic approach (i.e., diet studies). Evaluating the accuracy, precision (application of statistical concepts for these two terms), efficacy, efficiency (application of administration concepts), and diversity versus biocomplexity of three case studies that collected data from medium-sized mammals, relating the Benefits in terms of the information generated and the financial cost involved. The results suggest that the trophic approach methodology presented better results for accuracy, efficiency and biocomplexity, while the footprint transaction methodology obtained better performance in efficacy and accuracy along with the camera-trapping methodology. Finally, biodiversity results are possible with the three methodologies. Thus, a trophic approach is useful in the visual and molecular identification of predators and their prey, generating patterns of biological diversity and complexity of the trophic processes, allowing a better understanding of a given environment before and after human interventions.
Uma proposta metodológica para o ensino de óptica geométrica com o auxílio do software GeoGebra
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-22) Souza, Diogo Emerson de; Venezuela, Antonio Luís; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8722224671269332; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3829658898667003
Facing the students’ lack of motivation during Physics classes and the presence of new digital technologies that can aid and improve the teaching approach nowadays, this present work consists of proposing a methodology capable of promoting Geometric Optics learning, specifically for the Reflection theme, through the Geogebra software as a pedagogical resource. Based on the idea that computer simulations allow the development of several skills, involve concentration on the theoretical concepts and help to contextualize theory and practice, the official proposals (PCNs and Curriculum of the State of São Paulo) which aim to guide the teacher, indicating the necessary abilities that students must acquire when graduating high school were studied and investigated. A test was applied after the activities and we could verify a satisfactory result of the methodology.