Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2017-03-23"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5

Viabilidade de implantação do 1o nível de governança corporativa no IFSP – campus Hortolândia – sob a ótica do institucionalismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-23) Toledo, Davis Wilian Graciano de; Pimentel, Andréa Eloisa Bueno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9330438553830026; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1572489423763843
The Corporate Governance is current topic with a great relevance for organizational management. In the public sector, the Corporate Governance has gained a prominent role with the movement called New Public Management (NPM), started in the 1980s, during the Margaret Thatcher’s terms as British prime minister. This movement was intended to bring the methods and tools developed and employed successfully on the private sector for the public administration, in order to streamline the state apparatus, making its most effective and creating accountability mechanisms for the public agents actions in the exercise of his functions. In Brazil, these changes gained momentum during the government of President Fernando Henrique Cardoso, in 1995, with the reform of the state apparatus promoted by the minister Bresser Pereira. It was in this context that the Corporate Governance arises in our country. In 2000, the Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo – BOVESPA, established the Novo Mercado, whose goal was to create a high level standard of Corporate Governance in the brazilian stock market. Within this new context arise the levels of Corporate Governance (level I and level II), which, through a set of rules, aim to provide greater transparency on the management of companies that are subject to this system. The objective of this study was to analyze the feasibility of implementing the level I of Corporate Governance in the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo, specifically on campus Hortolândia, a local school that belongs to the federal network of professional, scientific and technological education. To achieve this purpose, the present research deals with a case study, in which a descriptive-qualitative research was carried out through observations of the material obtained through semi-structured interviews and documentary research. Documentary research, based on the analysis of laws, normative acts and the institution’s statute allowed us to conclude that the institution has legal and normative bases that provide support for the implementation of this management model. In the semi-structured interviews, 12 individuals were interviewed, including members of campus administration, counselors and a manager who works at the Rectory. Through the analysis of interviews, it was also possible to conclude that the implementation of the Campus Council (CONCAM) has brought great progress to the practice of shared management within the organization, but that there are still several aspects to be improved to consolidate this management model in the institution, such as the improvement of transparency, accountability and social participation promotion tools, which enables the implementation of a corporate governance system with the characteristics of the BOVESPA's Corporate Governance Level I.
Modernização do complexo agroindustrial canavieiro paulista e seus efeitos sobre a gestão do trabalho agrícola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-23) Reis, Leonardo Ferreira; Alves, Francisco José da Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9183120186518337; Camarotto, João Alberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1541437196308921
This study aims to answer the following question: why do the arduous working conditions continue to exist in the agricultural work process of the Agroindustrial Complex (CAI) of sugarcane in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, even with predominance of mechanized operations of every production process? The hypothesis pursued is: to remunerate the productive capital inserted in the logic of the Flexible Accumulation Regime, the Sugarcane CAI of São Paulo state must raise productivity to extremely high levels, either by creating relative or absolute surplus value, forming conditions of hazardous work. To verify this hypothesis, we used two data collection methods: a) a qualitative one, with semi-structured interviews and field observations, and b) a quantitative one, through application of questionnaires to managers of the Human Resources Management of the sugarcane CAI, and data obtained from secondary databases of public agencies and private consulting companies. The results indicate that, with the mechanization of the sugarcane production, technological innovations were implemented to increase the productivity of all operations, which influenced the concrete work. In this process of productive modernization, there was a combination between predominant mechanized operations, and remaining manual activities, both with high productivity and hazardous working conditions. The manual activities became important to improve the quality of the production process, while the machines operation became central in the valorization of the capital in the CAI. This strategy imposes exploitation of labor at degrading levels, lowering wages, causing illness, and making workers extremely vulnerable to labor force control mechanisms. Payment based on production continues to play a central role among these mechanisms, but in a modern way with the inclusion of personal performance indicators, that is also the basis for selection and training strategies. The arduous working conditions is a characteristic of the Sugarcane Complex modernization process, because it is necessary to the productive capital valorization in this complex, reproducing the Flexible Accumulation contradictions in this complex.
Utilização de simulação termodinâmica para desenvolvimento de aços inoxidáveis modificados com boro conformados por spray : aplicações e limitações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-23) Lopes, Thiago Pama; Zepon, Guilherme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614; Bolfarini, Claudemiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0403214786871041
Stainless steels are outstanding candidates for applications in the oil exploitation at the pre-salt layer in Brazil since they have an excellent combination of mechanical and corrosion properties. Nevertheless, they have questionable wear resistance in case of more severe application conditions. Recent alloy developments from DEMa-UFSCar adopted a strategy based on boron additions to stainless steel processed by spray forming (SF). Boron additions lead to the formation of hard metallic borides and, in turn, improve the wear resistance. However, boride formation also induces other microstructural changes that, up to now, have not been systematically investigated. Additionally, recently proposed solidification models of spray-formed Fe-based alloys indicate that solidification in the deposition zone tends to follow the thermodynamic equilibrium. Consequently, this present work proposes a methodology employing a computational thermodynamic tool with the ultimate goal of developing Fe-based alloys with boron additions prepared by spray forming. This work focused on spray-formed duplex stainless steels modified with boron (AIDM) containing a hypoeutectic composition with a duplex matrix. The thermodynamic software (Thermo-Calc® 4.0) with the TCFe7 database was used. Firstly, experimental results of the superduplex and ferritic modified stainless steels with boron already described in the literature were used for validation of the computational tool. After this step, a methodology for the thermodynamic simulation was proposed aiming at finding a chemical composition that should lead to specific pre-established microstructural features in the AIDM. As means of experimental validation for the proposed methodology, the selected chemical composition was prepared by spray forming and the microstructure investigated. The results showed that all pre-established microstructural features were indeed achieved thus supporting the proposed methodology for alloy design. Therefore the application of computational thermodynamics seems to be an excellent resource for designing spray-forming boron-modified stainless steels.
Uso de múltiplos descritores com condições de contorno e visualização hierárquica em CBIR
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-23) Real, Luiz Gustavo dos Santos; Ribeiro, Marcela Xavier; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0300141044144026; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1929530054550945
Multiple descriptors have been tested and used in Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems. Each descriptor consists of a feature extractor associated with a distance function. An extractor is generally suitable for representing a specific subset of images on a base. The boundary conditions are information used to detect this subset. The use of visualization in CBIR enables to represent pictorially the similarity relationship between the images present in the base, improving the user's understanding of the CBIR system, which can modify parameters to obtain better results. It is proven that the use of multiple descriptors with boundary conditions tends to improve the accuracy of CBIR queries, but there is no data on the impact that the technique generates on visualization. This work uses multiple descriptors with boundary conditions to generate a Neighbor Joining similarity tree-based view. Tests have shown that the quality of the visualization may be related to the quality of the query result. The more accurate the results of a query, the better the organization of the elements in the visualization. In the context of similarity tree, it was verified that the quality of the generated tree follow the level of precision measured in the query.
Envolvimento das espécies reativas de oxigênio e das citocinas na hipertensão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-03-23) Lauar, Mariana Ruiz; Menani, José Vanderlei; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1023597870118105; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6789512496692512
Arterial hypertension (AH) is a multifactorial disease, characterized by increased levels of arterial pressure (AP) that causes an increased risk of coronary disease, stroke and congestive heart failure. Several studies have addressed the possible causes and mechanisms of hypertension in the attempt to seek new treatments for this disease. Studies have already showed the participation of oxidative stress, caused by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the development and maintenance of hypertension. ROS like hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are produced endogenously and may participate in intra- and extracellular signaling, including mediation of angiotensin II (ANG II) responses. Intracerebroventricular injection of H2O2 or the increase of endogenous H2O2 using the catalase inhibitor ATZ reduced the pressor responses to central ANG II in normotensive and hypertensive rats. In the present study, we investigated the effects of acute or chronic subcutaneous (sc) administration of ATZ on mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) in normotensives, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and 2-kidney, 1clip hypertensive rats (2K1C). We also studied the possible changes of autonomic modulation of systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and the pulse interval (PI), the renal sympathetic nerve activity, the baroreflex, the genic expression of inflammatory cytokines, components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), NADPH oxidase isoforms and microglia activity (CD11) in the hypothalamus in rats treated with sc ATZ. In addition, it was also tested the pressor response to noradrenaline or ANG II injected intravenously (iv), the hypotensive response to the ganglionic blockade with hexamethonium, food and water intake and urinary excretion in normotensive and hypertensive rats treated with sc administration of ATZ. Male normotensive Holtzman, 2K1C hypertensive Holtzman rats and SHR were used. MAP and HR were recorded in conscious, unrestrained rats, except in rats used to record sympathetic activity. The sc injection of ATZ (300 mg/kg of body weight) acutely reduced MAP in SHR (192 ± 4 mmHg pre-injection of ATZ vs. 173 ± 6 mmHg after ATZ) and in 2K1C rats (170 ± 8 mmHg pre-injection of ATZ, vs. 158 ± 13 mmHg after ATZ) for at least 4 h and also slightly reduced HR. Chronic daily treatment with ATZ (600 mg/kg of body weight/day) sc for 9 days also reduced MAP in SHR (ATZ: 172 ± 8 mmHg, vs. saline: 198 ± 2 mmHg) and in 2K1C rats (ATZ: 137 ± 12 mmHg, vs. saline: 181 ± 9 mmHg) without altering HR, the impairment of baroreflex present in hypertensive rats, food and water intake and urinary excretion. The treatment with ATZ sc chronically reduced sympathetic modulation of SAP in SHR (ATZ: 2.6 ± 1.2 mmHg2, vs. saline: 6.3 ± 3.4 mmHg2) and in 2K1C rats (ATZ: 3.2 ± 0.4 mmHg2, vs. saline: 7.6 ± 1.5 mmHg2) and PI, enhanced the parasympathetic modulation of PI in SHR (ATZ: 90.5 ± 4.5 un, vs. saline: 76.5 ± 7.8 un) and 2K1C rats (ATZ: 85.3 ± 2.9 un vs. saline: 68.6 ± 3 un) and improved the sympatho-vagal balance in SHR (ATZ: 0.11 ± 0.05, vs. saline: 0.35 ± 0.17) and in 2K1C rats (ATZ: 0.19 ± 0.05, vs. saline: 0.52 ± 0.09). Chronic treatment with ATZ sc for 9 days in 2K1C hypertensive rats also reduced the mRNA expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) (ATZ: 0.80 ± 0.06, vs. saline: 2.32 ± 0.36 fold change), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and AT1 receptor (AT1r) (ATZ: 0.74 ± 0, 04, vs. saline: 1.19 ± 0.22 fold change) in the hypothalamus. ATZ chronically in SHR also decreased mRNA expression of IL-6 (ATZ: 1.17 ± 0.07, vs. saline: 1.53 ± 0.11 fold change), AT1r (ATZ: 0.81 ± 0.03, vs. saline: 1.0 ± 0.04 fold change), NADPH oxidase isoform NOX2 (ATZ: 0.85 ± 0.06, vs. saline: 1.52 ± 0.27 fold change) and the microglia activation indicator gene (CD11) (ATZ: 1.47 ± 0.06, vs. saline: 1.79 ± 0.08 fold change) in the hypothalamus. The injection of ATZ (300 mg/kg of body weight) sc in 2K1C hypertensive rats acutely reduced renal sympathetic nerve activity (-51.5 ± 10%) and the hypotensive response to iv injection of the ganglionic blocker hexamethonium (ATZ: -58 ± 5 mmHg; vs. saline: -106 ± 7 mmHg), without changing the pressor responses to noradrenaline or ANG II iv, in rats treated with sc ATZ. Therefore, the present results suggest that increasing the availability of endogenous H2O2 by the acute or chronic administration of ATZ sc produces anti-hypertensive effects due to decreases in sympathetic nerve activity that are associated with a decrease in neuroinflammation, AT1 receptor and NADPH oxidase mRNA and activation the microglia in the hypothalamus. These effects might result from an impairment of the central action of ANG II as demonstrated in a previous study (LAUAR et al., 2010).