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Distribuições preditiva e implícita para ativos financeiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-01)
Oliveira, Natália Lombardi de
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Diniz, Márcio Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8948404469003829
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Campos, Adriano Polpo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4867996651212204
We present two different approaches to obtain a probability density function for the stock?s future price: a predictive distribution, based on a Bayesian time series model, and the implied distribution, based on Black & Scholes option pricing formula. Considering the Black & Scholes model, we derive the necessary conditions to obtain the implied distribution of the stock price on the exercise date. Based on predictive densities, we compare the market implied model (Black & Scholes) with a historical based approach (Bayesian time series model). After obtaining the density functions, it is simple to evaluate probabilities of one being bigger than the other and to make a decision of selling/buying a stock. Also, as an example, we present how to use these distributions to build an option pricing formula.
Análise de políticas públicas: o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) em assentamentos rurais no município de Araras, estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-01)
Villar, Gustavo Henrique do Lago
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Souza-Esquerdo, Vanilde Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9535960068552016
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Bergamasco, Sonia Maria Pessoa Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8863899187043019
The evaluation of a public policy becomes important when it aims at important points within society, which is the generation of income for family agriculture in rural settlements and the acquisition and distribution of quality food for people at risk of food and nutritional assistance Institutions. The research had as general objective the evaluation of the PAA in the rural settlements of Araras, demonstrating the effectiveness and social cohesion and the relation of agroecology in the productive processes of these families. In this sense, the specific objectives were to analyze the quality of life and the change provoked in the productive matrices within the lots analyzed. As a theoreticalmethodological reference, this research was based on the work of scholars of neo-institutionalism in order to understand the role of institutions in the behavior of individuals affected by public policy. The data presented were obtained by questionnaires previously elaborated with information taken from the field diaries, as a methodological tool contributed to a better refinement of the discussions among the researchers. With this, we conclude that the PAA did not reach all the settlements located in Araras in an egalitarian way and does not fulfill some proposed objectives within its scope. There was no change to a significant organic productive matrix provoked by the access to the program, demonstrating a low effectiveness, just as there was no incorporation of one of the settlements due to lack of structure and disbelief in public institutions and social organization, which characterizes little social cohesion.
Secagem de materiais pastosos e granulares no leito de jorro mecânico e convencional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-02)
Sousa, Robson Costa de
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Freire, Fábio Bentes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8937961078558996
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Freire, José Teixeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167
This study had the objective to assess the behavior of a mechanically spouted bed compared to a conventional spouted bed through attrition of particulate matter, thermal and mass analysis during water evaporation and through the drying of pastes and granular materials. Based on the obtained results, two mathematical models were applied to represent attrition, the CST model and the two-parameter diffusive model to describe the drying of the paste and grains, respectively. Therefore, a stainless steel spouted bed with cylindrical column of 0.95 m of height, 0.30 m of diameter, inferior and superior conical base (60° angle) with 0.30 m of diameter and 0.20 m of height. For the mechanically spouted bed dryer, a helical screw with the following measures was used: outside diameter of 0.01 m, length of 1 m, 0.70 m of spiral with diameter, and pitch of 0.0508 m. The attrition experiments were conducted with dolomite particles, and glass and alumina spheres. With the exception of the glass beads, there was attrition for the other particulate materials in both spouted beds; however, at larger proportions when the conventional set was used. It was also observed that attrition influenced the fluid dynamics of the conventional spouted bed. Of the models used, the one proposed by Gwyn (1969) provided acceptable predictions regarding the results observed in this study. For water evaporation, glass beads of 3.2 mm of diameter were used as inert particles. It was verified that operational variables (velocity, temperature and water flow) had direct influence on temperature and relative and absolute humidity of air at the outlet of the spouted bed. For the drying of pastes, skimmed milk and the glass beads employed in the water evaporation trials were used. The skimmed milk interfered in the circulation of inert particles, causing changes in the dimensionless pressure drop and air humidity at the outlet of the mechanically spouted bed dryer. Relative and absolute humidity as well as the moisture of the powder collected at the outlet of the cyclone were influenced by the operational variables. The results predicted by the CST model presented satisfactory agreement with the majority of results obtained in the skimmed milk drying experiments. When it comes to the drying of alumina spheres, the dimensionless data of grain moisture and of temperature and relative humidity of the fluid phase as a function of time were influenced by the operational conditions. The results predicted by the two-parameter mathematical model reached satisfactory accuracy regarding the observed data and allowed for a qualitative analysis of the drying operation. In general, all results obtained in this study showed behavior which is consistent with what has been observed in the literature.
Inferência em modelos de mistura via algoritmo EM estocástico modificado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-02)
Assis, Raul Caram de
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Milan, Luis Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7435391829973844
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0787098516252091
We present the topics and theory of Mixture Models in a context of maximum likelihood and Bayesian inferece. We approach clustering methods in both contexts, with emphasis on the stochastic EM algorithm and the Dirichlet Process Mixture Model. We propose a new method, a modified stochastic EM algorithm, which can be used to estimate the parameters of a mixture model and the number of components.
Caracterização da pecuária leiteira do município de Muriaé, MG: uma reflexão sobre perspectivas futuras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-05)
Vasconcelos, João Marcos Carvalho
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Schlindwein, Marcelo Nivert
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9690898537150950
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5880919055676173
The objective of this work is to evaluate the current situation of the activity, production base and technological level used by the producers affiliated to the Muriaé Livestock Program, in the following points: characteristics of the properties, productivity, animal nutrition, techniques developed and animal health. The work includes a micro-region of the municipality of Muriaé / MG, 129 producers affiliated to the Muriaé Livestock Program were interviewed, with a semi-structured questionnaire application. The questionnaire included: characteristics of the properties, productive activities, animal nutrition, techniques developed and animal health. Small farms, consumer goods, leased and lending station, main income dairy production, household base labor in most of the properties, non-agricultural activities in the part of the dynamics of the properties, Variation of five species of grasses, breeds European cattle, and the cross between them. The productive process in the properties and directed to the milk production, as well as a herd aptitude, with media production of 113 liters, commercialization in laboratory, cooperative, fair free and informal commerce. Animal nutrition computes in fourteen different food management. The animals of the properties are in the preventive program of diseases and diseases, result obtained by veterinary interaction carried out by the program, as well as the conventional management. A livestock activity of the family producers of Muriaé is with low specialization, its base production is the production of milk, followed by secondary activities without increase of income, as the properties are with the technological deficiency in the use of the maximization of production of milk.
Bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e raízes de alface empregados como biossorventes de íons metálicos em meio aquoso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-05)
Milani, Priscila Aparecida
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Carrilho, Elma Neide Vasconcelos Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5147872007117167
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2420667904233275
Sugarcane bagasse and hydroponic lettuce roots were used as biosorbents for Cu(II), Fe(II), Zn(II) and Mn(II) removal from mono and multielement solutions, as well as in lake water, at pH 5.5, in batch processes. These biomasses were studied in natura (lettuce roots, NLR, and sugarcane bagasse, NSB) and chemically modified with HNO3 (lettuce roots, MLR, and sugarcane bagasse, MSB). The results showed that higher adsorption efficiency was achieved with the modified biomass, with the exception of lettuce roots, which also presented similar efficiency when used in natura. The removal experimental quantities (qexp) in monoelement solution, calculated using the Langmuir isothermal model for Cu(II), Fe(II), Zn(II) and Mn(II) were respectively, 1.22, 1.08, 1.40 and 1.23 mg g-1 in NLR, and 1.69, 1.68, 1.09 and 1.48 mg g-1 in MLR and 0.58, 0.036, 0.40 e 0.24 mg g-1 in NSB, and 1.30, 1.41, 1.55 and 1.02 mg g-1 in MSB. The removal experimental quantities (qexp) in multielement solution containing Cu(II), Fe(II), Zn(II), and Mn(II) in multielement solution were 1.28, 1.41, 1.29 and 1.05 mg g-1 in NLR, and 1.30, 1.09, 1.72 e 1.64 mg g-1 in MLR, and 0.47, 0.58, 0.09 and 0.02 mg g-1 in NSB, and 1.30, 1.09, 1.06 and 1.62 mg g-1 in MSB, respectively. We used the isothermal models of Langmuir and Freundlich, however for multielement solutions the adsorption did not conform to the Freundlich isotherm. In the kinetic studies with modified biomasses, sorption was achieved in the first 5 minutes and reached equilibrium in 30 min. The O-H, C-O-C, C-C, C-H, and C=O groups were found in the characterization of the biomass sorption sites by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). In the determination of the biomass surface charges using blue methylene and red amaranth dyes, there was a predominance of negative charges. Modified biomasses were used in the adsorption of Cu(II), Fe(II), Zn(II), and Mn(II) in lake water, in which retention of 24.31, 14.50, 8.21, and 8.03 mg g-1 by MLR, and 13.15, 10.50, 5.14 and 6,10 mg g-1 by MSB was found, respectively.
Estudo taxonômico das espécies de Heterospilus Haliday, 1836 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae: Doryctinae) em área de cerrado do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-06)
Santiago, Diogo Fernandes
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Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7073246014942522
Taxonomy and systematics are fundamental Sciences for categorization, description of species and how they relate and are distributed throughout the planet. Hymenoptera parasitoids are considered as the major components of the vast majority of terrestrial ecosystems with approximately 20% of all insects, comprising the most common group of the order Hymenoptera. The species of Heterospilus Haliday were captured in the cerrado stricto sensu area at the Estação Ecológica de Itirapina, Brotas, SP, using Moericke traps for a period of two years, from July 2013 to September 2014. A total of 324 specimens were collected, Doryctinae being the most abundant subfamily, probably to the method of capture used, since most of its hosts are found together in the soil. The total abundance of the collected material was higher in the rainy season, probably due to climatic variation and variation in the availability of food resources. There are nine different species for the group of granulated vertex, eighteen with striated vertex and none with smooth vertex, totaling twenty-seven, representing 6.7% of the total of species described worldwide, which can be considered high compared to what has already been described. The Cerrado, despite being a highly deforested Biome, presented a large number of new species, with the most frequent that with striated vertex
Estudos ecológicos da comunidade planctônica de vinte e cinco ecossistemas aquáticos temporários tropicais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-06)
Passos, Rodrigo Ferroni
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Melão, Maria da Graça Gama
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8342306603661310
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4032882355970828
Ecological studies were carried out in twenty-five natural temporary aquatic environments, located in the cities of Urucuia, Lagoa Grande and Pirapora, in the north and northwest of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. In each environment, collections were carried out in April 2015, May 2016 and January 2017, during which limnological variables were measured and samples from the phytoplankton (qualitative) and zooplankton (qualitative and quantitative) communities, as well as from sediment, were collected. Experiments were also carried out in the laboratory to evaluate the effects of different temperatures and luminosity on the hatching of diapause eggs of zooplankton species present in these environments. In general, the values obtained for the physical and chemical variables of the studied environments were in a favorable range to the development of the phytoplankton community. However the low concentration of chlorophyll a and the low richness of phytoplankton species may be reflections of the low water transparency, and the turbidity may limit the growth of the phytoplankton. Qualitative and quantitative analyzes of the zooplankton community indicated low species richness in these ponds. Although Rotifera presented a greater richness of taxa, Copepoda Cyclopoida was the most abundant and numerically representative group. The presence or absence of the Anostraca Dendrocephalus brasiliensis does not seem to interfere in the composition and density of the zoplanktonic community. Species richness and local diversity should be related to disturbances and environmental dynamics. The results obtained in the experiment of hatching of zooplankton diapause eggs showed that the different ponds have similar hatching values, and low temperatures (20°C) and absence of light have a negative influence on hatching these eggs. In addition, it was observed that higher temperatures (35°C) accelerated the hatching of the diapause eggs during the first days of incubation. Thus we can infer that, in general, zooplankton community present in all the studied temporary aquatic environments behave in a similar way.
Política externa americana no pós-guerra fria : como se posicionam democratas e republicanos?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-07)
Contrera, Flávio
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Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8376542572229961
The starting point of this thesis is the understanding of the theoretical perspective of the new institutionalism of the rational choice that the behavior of the parties can be considered an optimal adaptation to an institutional environment. We sought to demonstrate that the American foreign policy was set up after the end of the Cold War as a game (considering one arena) or a set of games (considering multiple arenas), restricted to only two parties, within a space of competition in which they employ centripetal/moderate or centrifugal/ideological strategies in order to obtain political victories. We found that the parties sought both political victories and the manifestation of ideological positions in all arenas. These positions characterized the Democratic Party as center-liberal and the Republican Party as center-conservative in the ideological spectrum of the foreign policy. However, in specific political contexts, the parties have made ideological inflections in order to obtain only victories. These inflections can be explained by variations on the perception of external threat, on the evaluation of the presidential administration, on the degree of control of the Executive over the Legislative, on the composition of the Executive's foreign policy Office, and on the ideological alignment of public opinion. In fact, the parties presented different behaviors in each of the arenas. They were most contentious in the electoral arena than in others. This difference suggests that parties have used seemingly sub-optimal strategies. However, we demonstrate that these strategies rationally express the functions that the parties assume in each of the arenas, being an optimized response to the strategic interaction between them and the political context.
Geometridae (Lepidoptera) e Hymenoptera parasitoides em área de Mata Estacional Semidecídua na Estação Ecológica de Jataí, Luiz Antônio - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-07)
Geraldo, Mariana
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Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147
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Dias Filho, Manoel Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1346547036069954
Larvae of Geometridae (Lepidoptera) were obtained with an entomological umbrella, from October 2013 to September 2015, in two areas of semi-deciduous forest (Mata/Cerradão and Mata) at Estação Ecológica de Jataí, Luiz Antônio, São Paulo state. The larvae of Geometridae were kept in the laboratory until the adult or parasitoid emergence. Especimens of the families Braconidae and Ichneumonidae were obtained, from January 2014 to February 2015, with two Malaise traps located in the same local of collection of Geometridae larvae. The material obtained in the Malaise traps was sorted, the individuals of the families Braconidae and Ichneumonidae were identified in subfamily level and the Microgastrinae, Cheloninae and Rogadinae, Campopleginae and Mesochorinae subfamilies were identified at the genus level. A total of 416 larvae of Geometridae weas collected, 190 in the Mata/Cerradão stretch and 226 in the Mata stretch, of which, 52 and 39, respectively, were parasitized. Among the Geometridae, the subfamily Ennominae was represented by individuals of 14 genera (Argyrotome, Glena, Hymenomima, Iridopsis, Ischnopteris, Lomographa, Macaria, Nepheloleuca, Patalene, Phrygionis, Physocleora, Prochoerodes, Rhomboptila and Trotopera), the subfamily Larentiinae by four (Eubaphe, Eupithecia, Euphyia and Pterocypha) and the subfamily Sterrhinae by two (Cyclophora and Idaea). A total of 91 larvae of Geometridae, from 11 genera, were obtained parasitized by 198 parasitoids. The parasitoids obtained belong to the families Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, Eulophidae and Diptera. The Malaise traps provided 2720 individuals of the Ichneumonoidea superfamily, of these 1210 are Braconidae and 1510 are Ichneumonidae, in the Mata/Cerradão stretch, and 702 in the Mata stretch, of which 214 individuals of the Braconidae family and 488 individuals of the Ichneumonidae family. Among the Braconidae, the subfamily Microgastrinae was the most abundant, with 44.5% of individuals in the Mata/Cerradão stretch and 31.8% in the Mata stretch. Eighteen genera of Microgastrinae were recorded (Alphomelon, Apanteles, Choeras, Cotesia, Diolcogaster, Distatrix, Glyptapanteles, Hypomicrogaster, Iconella, Microplitis, Papanteles, Parapanteles, Pholetesor, Prasmodon, Promicrogaster, Protapanteles, Pseudapanteles and Rasivalva), five of Rogadinae (Aleiodes, Choreborogas, Rogas, Stiropius and Yelicones) and four of Cheloninae (Ascogaster, Chelonus, Microchelonus and Phanerotoma). Between the Ichneumonidae collected, 161 individuals were obtained from the subfamily Campopleginae in the Mata/Cerradão stretch and 35 in the Mata stretch. The genera of Campopleginae obtained were Campoletis, Campoplex, Casinaria, Charops, Cryptophion, Cymodusa, Diadegma, Dusona, Hyposoter, Microcharops and Venturia.
Desenvolvimento de procedimentos para a síntese e caracterização de catalisadores e de biodiesel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-08)
Gonçalves, Alexandra Mary
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Assaf, José Mansur
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9563312407691130
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Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045
ABO3 basic catalysts were synthesized by the nitrate-b-alanine solution combustion method. The catalysts powders were produced by self-combustion in times up to 5 min, presenting high crystallinity and single-phase, without the calcination step. XRD analyses showed that the produced calcium oxides (CaZrO3 and Ca0.9Li0.6Zr0.9O3) presented perovskite structure with the orthorhombic system, whereas a monoclinic structure was observed for Li2ZrO3 oxide, results confirmed with the Rietveld refinement. Different techniques were used to characterize the catalysts, such as MEV-FEG, TPD-CO2, TGA, N2 (BET), ICP OES, MIP-OES, WD-XRF and FT-IR. Different methods of acid decomposition were employed, instead of HF, for elemental analysis of the oxides. Recovery values were observed between 92 and 101%, with low deviations and LOQs. The catalytic activity of the synthesized materials was tested by the reaction of ethyl transesterification with methyl acetate (model reaction). The Ca0.9Li0.6Zr0.9O3 was the most active oxide, reaching 92% conversion to ethyl acetate, followed by oxide Li2ZrO3, with 64% conversion. The CaZrO3 had negligible catalytic activity. Reagent tests of Li-containing catalysts indicated average conversion of about 50% up to the 6° recycle. The Li incorporation to zirconate produced changes in the textural and basic properties, resulting in more efficient and promising catalysts for the transesterification. The Ca0.9Li0.6Zr0.9O3 was also evaluated in the oil transesterification reaction for biodiesel production, with a yield of 60% m/m under mild reaction conditions (molar ratio 1:12 oil/ethanol and 50 °C for 30 min). Although the metallic ions leaching from the most active materials has been detected, no reaction was observed in the homogeneous phase. A system composed of a rotating packed bed reactor and a microwave oven (RPB + MW) was developed for the continuous flow biodiesel production by the ethylic transesterification instant reaction under heterogeneous catalysis. Total ester content of 19% was obtained with 1 min of product collect time, demonstrating a promising system for the proposed application.
Potencial de resíduos orgânicos na atenuação de contaminação por cobre de solo e água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-08)
Cipoleta, Nathalia Sprovieri
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Addad, João Eduardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2356106837787562
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Assad, Maria Leonor Ribeiro Casimiro Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0379324550884468
The aggravation of environmental problems has stimulated discussion about new ways of producing in the field. The term alternative agriculture covers non-conventional agricultural systems, such as natural, ecological, biodynamic, permaculture, biological, organic and agroecological systems. In addition to organic inputs for fertilization and soil conditioners, crops grown in alternative systems also require natural products to combat pests and plant diseases. Heavy metals such as arsenic, cobalt, copper, lead, and zinc, which occur as impurities in these products, can reach undesirable levels and cause contamination of soil, water, and sediments. The Bordeaux mixture is a fungicide composed of hydrated copper sulphate (CuSO4.5H2O) and quicklime (CaO) and is legalized for use in alternative agricultural systems, but may increase copper (Cu) contents in the soil and affect soil and water quality. The objective of this work was to evaluate the soil and water contamination potential of copper contained in the Bordeaux mixture; ii) to evaluate the retention of Cu in clay soil fertilized with waste and organic conditioners; and iii) estimate the potential for soil and water contamination. Copper contamination potential was evaluated based on a literature review focused on articles, dissertations and theses published, focusing on alternative agricultural production systems. The retention of Cu and its soil and water contamination potential were evaluated by means of a laboratory test using clay tubes filled with clay soil treated with three types of organic materials (Bokashi, coconut fiber, and leonardite) in three doses of Bordeaux mixture. The test lasted 47 days and regular percolate samplings were performed. At the end of the experiment, the content of Cu retained in the soil was determined. Residues and organic conditioners, in all tested doses, retained more than 55% of the applied Cu, even after extraction with strong acid. Bokashi presented the lowest concentration of Cu in the percolate (0.621 mg L-1) and the lowest concentrations retained in the soil, after extraction with weak acid (68.4% in the lowest dose) and with strong acid (59.9% in the highest dose ). Leonardite showed the highest concentration of Cu in the percolate (1.4% in the highest dose) and the highest concentrations retained in the soil, after extraction with weak acid (98.2% in the medium dose) and with strong acid (94.1% in the lowest dose). It is concluded that leonardite, a material rich in humic substances, has high Cu adsorption capacity and may be useful in organic production systems to mitigate contamination of soils and water with Cu.
Na arena discursiva : uma análise dos debates eleitorais presidenciais brasileiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-09)
Pires, Livia Maria Falconi
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Sargentini, Vanice Maria Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1406919572611392
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4769798375720121
The electoral television debate is configured as an arena for the discursive clash, to the extent that it is a space that promotes dialogue between candidates, functioning as another "platform" of public speaking. Despite its strongly, carefully construction, evidenced in the architecture of this electoral mise-en-scène, it is in the televised debate that candidates expose themselves and more directly speak to voters. Due to the audiovisual apparatus, we cannot dissociate the verb from the body that, in actuality, is essential to politics, especially at the time of electoral campaign; therefore, the presidential election debate is an empowering apparatus for the interlacing of verb and image. For this work, therefore, we will present an analysis of the electoral political subject's constitution along with the mutations of the televised debate genus, taking on the second round debates of presidential elections, from the re-democratization (1989) to the present (2014), and focusing on categories like "the architecture of debate", "the face", "the silhouette" and "the verb". To this end, we will be guided by reflections on the studies of Discourse Analysis, which take into account the syncretic wording in its historical density, as well as the studies on public speech, supporting ourselves by the contributions of J.-J. Courtine and the works of M. Foucault, thus focusing on the importance of discourse studies in conjunction with History, seen in its discontinuities.
A cor da advocacia em Salvador: uma análise do perfil racial da advocacia privada na capital baiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-09)
Santos, Marcelo Rocha dos
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Oliveira, Fabiana Luci de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9487149052862292
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8531700674853605
This paper aims to analyze the insertion of black professionals in the legal market, with emphasis on private advocacy, in the city of Salvador - Bahia. The interest is to verify, about a decade after the implementation of affirmative action in higher education, as is the professional field of Law, and how is the black presence in this field of training and professional performance. In the scope of formation, two higher education institutions, UFBA (Federal University of Bahia) and UCSAL (Catholic University of Salvador), selected based on their tradition in the teaching of Law, are the two oldest in the state of Bahia, and also due to the high performance of these universities in ENADE and the OAB Exam. Initially, we sought to analyze the enrollment of black students in these two universities, covering the period between 2003 and 2016. We then analyze the insertion of black professionals in the corporate market and large law firms in the city of Salvador, observing the most prestigious offices in the city, Selected based on the magazine Análise Advocacia 500. The theoretical framework that informs the research is the Sociology of Race Relations, anchored in the conception of race as a social construct, as proposed by Guimarães (1999), and in the dialogue with the Sociology of Professions, Based on the theoretical contributions of Eliot Freidson (2001), and Bonelli research (2002, 2008, 2013). In terms of method, we use secondary quantitative data (Inep data) and the generation of primary qualitative data, based on the iconographic analysis of the websites of the largest offices in Salvador, based on the publication Análise Advocacia 500, as well as in the publication itself , As well as semi-structured interviews with UFBA and UCSAL Law Teachers (in the area of education) and black lawyers and attorneys (in the market), seeking to understand their perceptions about racial relations in the market of soteropolitan law. Our main conclusion is that affirmative action policies have promoted the democratization of access to the teaching of law in Salvador, forming a large number of black lawyers, but the absorption of these professionals by the private law market still finds racial barriers, which make it impossible to access them. To the large offices in Salvador.
Mixotrophy in Chlorella sorokiniana : physiology, biotechnological potential and ecotoxicology
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-09)
Marchello, Adriano Evandir
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Lombardi, Ana Teresa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7882503178913936
In aquatic environments, phytoplankton consists mostly of photosynthetic microorganisms that serve as the basis of food chains. However, besides photoautotrophy, it is widely reported in the literature that many microalgae can take up dissolved organic matter present in the environment concomitantly with the photosynthesis, a metabolic pathway known as mixotrophy. Little is known about the ecophysiology of mixotrophy in microalgae, and almost all studies are focused on the use of this metabolic pathway to increase the production of algal biomass and stimulate the production of specific biomolecules. Another important issue, considering the current anthropic activity, is that most of the contaminants eliminated in aquatic environments, such as metals and nanoparticles, affect the phytoplankton. However, so far, no ecotoxicological study involving mixotrophic metabolism was found in the literature. To better understand mixotrophy in microalgae, this work chose the chlorophycean freshwater Chlorella sorokiniana as test organism. We divided the study into two parts: the first focused on the physiological/biotechnological interest through the study of growth, photosynthetic parameters, changes in cellular volume, and production of biomolecules (proteins, carbohydrates and lipids); the second part focused on the ecotoxicological effects of cadmium (Cd) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NPs-TiO2). To stimulate mixotrophy, glucose (1.0 g.L-1 or 5 x 10-3 mol.L-1) was used as the organic carbon source. The results showed that during mixotrophy, the microalga C. sorokiniana presented higher population growth and production of biomolecules, such as chlorophyll a and lipids, when compared to photoautotrophic cultures. It was also observed that the photosynthetic parameters were affected by mixotrophy, although they did not interfere in the growth of the microalga, and that the presence of bacteria in the cultures acted as a stimulant factor in the production of algal biomass. Regarding the ecotoxicological effects of contaminants, microalgae in mixotrophy were more resistant to both Cd and NPs-TiO2 than those in photoautotrophy, but with changes in the biochemical composition what can affected the energy transfer in the environment. In general, we can conclude that mixotrophy should be considered in studies with phytoplankton, since aquatic environments present a myriad of organic carbon that can be used by these microorganisms. As general conclusions, we can mention that organic carbon acted as an extra source of structural carbon and energy for microalgae, not necessarily relying solely on photosynthesis to survive, so stimulating the growth and production of biomolecules of biotechnological interest, and increased cellular viability in environments contaminated with metals and nanoparticles. This study is a contribution to the understanding of mixotrophy and photoautotrophy metabolisms in a freshwater Chlorophyta with biotechnological potential.
Troca gasosa pulmonar e desoxigenação muscular e cerebral durante o exercício incremental em homens com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e saudáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-12)
Ferroli-Fabricio, Amanda Magdalena
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Catai, Aparecida Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5801652590531684
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4902153667074796
Aims: To investigate factors related to physical exercise intolerance in T2D comparing similarities and differences between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and healthy adjustments of cardiorespiratory system and cerebral and peripheral muscle oxygentation during an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET).Methods:Twenty-two men with T2D (T2DG) and 18 apparently healthy controls (CG) performed incremental cycling exercises. Pulmonary oxygen uptake, cerebral and muscle oxygenation were measured using a computerized metabolic cart, a near-infrared spectrophotometer (NIRS), system, respectively. Results:The groups were similar for age (CG: 53.6 ± 3.8 vsT2DMG: 54.9 ± 5.6) and body mass index (BMI) (CG: 27.8 ± 2.4 vsT2DMG: 27.51.9). T2DMG presented lower aerobic capacity (VO2peak: 20.0 ± 4.2 vs23.2 ± 4.7) and workload (134.5 ± 27.5 vs158.8 ± 35.7) compared to CG. Cerebral [HHb] presentedan inverse responsebetween groups, CG increased during exercise, while T2DG reduced. The [HHb] responseof the VL was similar between the groups.Conclusions:Individuals with T2D presented reducedcardiopulmonary performance and abnormalbehavior of cerebral deoxygenation(compared with health). The data suggest that microvascular changes can affect tissues with a high sensitivity to oxygen depletion, such as the brain region, affecting cerebral auto-regulation which could be related with reduced exercise tolerance in diabetic patients.
Impacto dos riscos no nível de coordenação vertical das cadeias agroindustriais de suprimentos : uma análise sob a perspectiva das empresas frigoríficas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-12)
Rosales, Fabricio Pini
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Batalha, Mario Otávio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8493025223708825
Supply chains (SC) are becoming increasingly dynamic, globalized and complex. This reality increases the vulnerability of such chains to unwanted events that may compromise the performance of companies and chains as a whole, called Supply Chain Risks (SCR). Thus, by employing Supply Chain Management (SGM) tools to seek competitive advantage, companies become more susceptible to situations such as supply disruption, quality mismatches and unexpected price swings, among others. Thus, knowing the risks that affect supply chains and identifying actions to mitigate these risks becomes fundamental to reduce their impact on organizations and CS. In this context, this research aimed to identify the main risks that affect Agri-food Supply Chains (AFSC) and how these risks impact on the level of vertical coordination of these chains. Aiming to meet the research objectives, a systematic review of the literature, interviews with agents and a survey type survey with cold storage companies from all over the country were carried out. Factorial Analysis (FA) and Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) were used to analyze the data collected. The results indicate that the supplier's raw material and low technology risks lead the slaughterhouses to integrate vertically the production of animal for slaughter, while the risks of climate and sanitary inadequacy lead companies to give preference to older suppliers. The ease of creating collaborative actions, the exchange of information and the differential treatment were efficient in creating a stable relationship. With regard to transaction costs, it was evidenced that agents seek to reduce ex-post costs and create a trust relationship. With regard to socio-environmental risks, it has been observed that there is pressure from slaughterhouses to exclude suppliers who employ ethically unacceptable production techniques.
Sistema de wetlands construídas associados ao contexto urbanístico e paisagístico: estudo de caso de Barra Bonita/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-12)
Mariano, Maximiliam Borges
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Salvador, Nemésio Neves Batista
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9930582531600560
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1433987002470882
The similarity of the wetlands system with natural landscape, scenic beauty confirmed, attributes to it a unique characteristic, which allows the usage of the surrounding area for leisure activities, sports practice, environmental education, tourism, among others. This paper aims to evaluate the potential benefits and the challenges of implanting a wetlands system consorted to an urban park, as post-treatment of effluent treated in a lagoon system, in a sugar-ethanol sector company located in Barra Bonita, Brazil, SP. The methodology used is based on the information gathering and compilation in bibliography and primary data collected through the collection and laboratory analysis. The final product presented the real and necessary dimensions for the implementation of a wetlands system associated to an urban park and indicated the best location for the implementation of the project considering the physical, urban and legal aspects, through the association of the proposed areas with the guidelines of the Integrated Master Plan of the municipality, but also demonstrated that connecting a wetlands treatment system to an urban park can be an effective alternative to develop social, environmental and urban aspects to the municipality and its population
O programa CATAFORTE e o trabalho dos catadores de recicláveis : as ambivalências da economia solidária no limiar da precarização
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-13)
Andrade, Marconi Tabosa de
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Lima, Jacob Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244132532446607
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3209801564397878
The object of this thesis is the work of the collector of recyclable materials, in the context of the institutional changes that had as a milestone the approval of the Solid Waste Law (12.305/2010). The experiences of collective organization of the collectors, inserted in the broader movement of the Solidary Economy, were covered by public policies that aimed at its consolidation, as a strategy of creation of work and income. Within the framework of these public policies, the CATAFORTE program aimed to materially structure and professionally train collectors organized in cooperatives and production networks to be included in the Municipal Plans for Integrated Solid Waste Management, as provided for in the National Policy on Solid Waste. We follow the action of CATAFORTE, observing two networks of cooperatives, one in Maceió and another in Campinas, in a comparative perspective. The intention was to verify if, in this process, the insertion of the collectors would take place in the configuration of precarious work or if the objectives of the Solidary Economy would be fulfilled, of positive insertion in work regimes capable of providing income and dignified conditions. We focus attention on income, access to rights linked to the world of work and management of enterprises. The impact of CATAFORTE was different in the cases observed, resulting in the consolidation of economic sustainability and access to labor rights in one case, and in the absence of these elements, in another. Successful experience points to the possibility that collector cooperatives may be able to generate sufficient income to remove its co-workers from the poverty situation. Regarding management, both experiences demonstrate hybridity between elements of hetero-management and self-management, with hierarchical organization based on consensus. Another aspect that distinguishes them from typical capitalist enterprises is their participation in the municipal political sphere, with expression of the demands in the field of labor.
Abordagens de otimização para apoiar a elaboração e análise de roteiros turísticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-06-13)
Silva, Admilson Alcantara da
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Pureza, Vitória Maria Miranda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9202201560058916
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4194801952934254
Considering the tourism policies and their effects in touristic routes, it is important to consider the context in which those routes formed during the development of these itineraries and to take into account similar characteristics of locations and municipalities. In this view, the touristic routes could encourage the discovery of new tourism regions to benefit the local communities, visitors and all organizations directly involved in touristic activity. In this work, we propose a new method based on mathematical programming to support the elaboration and formatting of touristic itineraries considering variables such as profile of visitors, planning of the trip, visitor preferences and nature attractive. Other parameters are also considered such as costs, distances, equipment valuation (museums, churches, fairs and others), services provided to tourists. We also regard several regions available for visits, the various segments of tourism, the various tourists profile and the variation cost/time throughout the seasons/periods of the year. In this proposed method, we apply mathematical models and optimization techniques to maximize the customer´s satisfaction and minimize the costs involved on the touristic routes. To evaluate the potential of the proposed method in practice, it applied in a case study to build routes in the touristic sights of the City of Belém, State of Pará. For the problems modelling and optimization, we used approaches based on the Prize-Collecting Traveling Salesman Problem (PCTSP) and the Traveling Salesman Problem with Priority Prizes (TSPPP) in order to represent appropriately the problem. We are not aware of other works in literature that studied and proposed optimization methods of touristic routes in this research line. In this study, we applied some statistical techniques for the preparation and analysis of data, such as correspondence analysis type and other important techniques to definition and evaluation of the problem and preparation of parameters required by the optimization models. The results showed how the routes could be optimized highlighting the potential of the proposed method to reduce operating costs as well as to maximize the level of the valuation of services offered to tourists. They also contribute to the strengthening of the regional identity and can help to consolidate more satisfactory and competitive tourist itineraries in the tourism market, as well as the expansion and diversification of tourism.