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O papel da música na educação infantil: um estudo bibliográfico voltado à formação de pedagogos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-07-21) Formes, Robson Nicio; Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6281111399814163
Music is present in the human being's life from the mother's womb due to the baby's perception of external sounds, which create a sound universe during pregnancy that makes him a listener and an apprentice. Since then, hearing and affective familiarities have been created through music. While expressing language, music also generates sensations, learnings and builds memories. The presence of music in teaching practice in the Early Childhood period allows the child to have more possibilities for expression and learning in different aspects of her/his process of discovering the world and herself/himself. Based on this premise, the work investigated the importance of working with music in the segments of Early Childhood Education. This is a research has a qualitative approach and bibliographic character, having searched for sources of information in articles, books, dissertations, theses and carried out an analysis, comparing its contents, comparing results and reaching broader understandings on the theme.
Estudo computacional do líquido GVL (Gama-valerolactona): Influência da quiralidade nas propriedades termodinâmicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-07-21) Colombari, Felippe Mariano; Freitas, Luiz Carlos Gomide; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3461414255262928; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9125284789525799
Besides its properties as a “green solvent”, organic molecule Gamma-valerolactone is also a chiral compound, presenting potential applications in enantioselective processes. Once obtained the adequate parameters for liquid phase simulations, different computational models were employed in order to investigate how chirality influences its thermodynamic properties. Under thermodynamic equilibrium, neither energetic nor structural differences between GVL racemic mixture and its enantiomeric pure counterparts were observed. Analysis of the most stable dimers extracted from a Monte Carlo simulation of the racemic mixture revealed subtle interaction energy differences when homochiral (RR and SS) pairs were compared to heterochiral (RS and SR) pairs, which indicated a subtle energetic preference for the homochiral ones. On the other hand, significant chiral discrimination were obtained using nonequilibrium methods. Solvation process for both R and S enantiomers of 1-chloro-1-aminoethane (CAE) in liquid SGVL via Thermodynamic Perturbation Theory resulted in a chemical potential nearly 3;3 kJ mol-1 lower for R-CAE when compared to S-CAE, indicating that the utilization of GVL as a chiral liquid could increase the yield of processes involving chiral species in condensed phase. Binding process of GVL molecules giving rise to both homochiral (SS) and heterochiral (SR) dimers in vacuum, via Umbrella Sampling method, could show that although both pairs had similar binding free energy values, major differences could be observed on these free energy profiles when higher molecular contact was imposed by Umbrella Sampling spatial confinement. Such binding process of GVL molecules was also studied in both RGVL and SGVL liquids. Thus, although lower binding free energy values were obtained, a nearly 20 % difference could be observed due to solvent chirality.
Avaliação visual da saúde de solos sob diferentes usos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-07-21) Bevilaqua, Lucas José; Assad, Maria Leonor Ribeiro Casimiro Lopes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0379324550884468; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6401314425579704
Defining when an agroecosystem can be considered healthy is one of the challenges faced by both family farmers and extension workers and researchers. There are several methodologies of visual evaluation of indicators that indicate their health and the first chapter is a bibliographical review on the methods of visual evaluation of the soil. The second chapter deals with a fieldwork in which seven methods for the determination of soil visual assessment indexes (IAVS) in six different soil uses, including the Visual Soil Health Assessment Method (AVSS), modified in this research and with emphasis on edaphic macrofauna. The study was carried out at the São Sebastião site, located in the city of Terra Roxa (SP) in areas of riparian forest (MCI), agroforestry system (SAF), organic sugar cane (CAN) and orchard (POM), all in Red Latosol, in a permanent preservation area (APP) and pasture (PAS), both in Gleissolo. MCI and SAF and APP treatments, which had greater plant diversity and tree species, had the highest IAVS. The AVSS proved to be useful and highly sensitive in the evaluation of soil quality in the different management systems analyzed in the property. The third chapter discusses the use of soil macrofauna as a soil health bioindicator and how it can be included in soil visual assessment methods in a simple and accessible way for farmers. Ten groups of edaphic macrofauna were found, as well as eggs and larval stages, including animals that perform several ecological functions in the soil. The diversity of macrofauna was higher in the areas that received the highest indices in the visual evaluations of the soil. The SAF presented the highest diversity of invertebrate macrofauna in the soil. Soil management and tillage systems affect the structure of the dominant taxonomic groups of the edaphic macrofauna. Soil fauna can be used as a bioindicator of soil health.