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Compósitos e nanocompósitos de polietileno-celulose : efeito do tamanho e da composição da fibra e do processamento nas propriedades óticas e mecânicas dos filmes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31) Maia, Thiago Henrique Silveira; Lucas, Alessandra de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9754332336954137; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4681835189203198
In this study an aqueous dispersion of a polyethylene copolymer with a content of 6 wt% of acrylic acid was used as an alternative medium for incorporation of cellulosic fibers (FC), nanofibrils (NFC) and lignocellulosic nanofibrils with 3 wt% of lignin (LCNF) from Eucalyptus grandis to compare the effect of size and composition on the properties of films obtained by casting and pressing. The amount of the fibers varied from 0 to 30%wt. The appearance, optical, thermal and mechanical properties as well as the film morphology were evaluated for comparison of fiber size and composition. The films are transparent up to 10%wt of FC and NFC, indicating good dispersion of the fibers, being brownish in the presence of NFLC. The addition of FC and NFC promoted improvements up to 900% in the Young modulus of the films. NFLC containing films showed superior Young modulus and tensile strength around 1700% and 35% higher than PE samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphology of the films showed a good dispersion, but a poor distribution of the fibers through the matrix, with PE-rich and fiber-rich regions for the cast-processed composites and nanocomposites. In this way, the properties of NFC films were also evaluated after a extrusion step using two different screw rotations. SEM morphology of the extruded films revealed the occurrence of re-agglomeration and a consequent decrease on the aspect ratio of NFC into the PE matrix, with significant reduction of the Young's modulus and transparency. In addition, the polyolefin aqueous dispersions processed by casting seem to be a promising and relatively fast route for obtaining polyolefin/cellulose nanocomposites films, but the interconnected web like morphology of NFC must be preserved for obtaining better mechanical properties.
Combinação de classificadores baseados em floresta de caminhos ótimos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31) Fernandes, Silas Evandro Nachif; Papa, João Paulo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9039182932747194; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3584861614841162
Machine learning techniques have been actively pursued in the last years, mainly due to the great number of applications that make use of some sort of intelligent mechanism for decision-making processes. In this context, among the several studies on classification techniques and how to improve them, the ensemble of classifiers has achieved considerable evidence in the literature. In this circumstance, a classifier with significant growth is the technique called Optimum-Path Forest (OPF), which is considerable ease to manipulate, has no parameters in some versions, and it is efficient in the training phase. Since OPF is a relatively new technique in the literature, and we have few studies on ensemble of OPF classifiers only, this work aims to provide a more detailed study in ensemble techniques regarding the OPF classifier. This work has proposed an improved version of OPF, which learns a score-based confidence level for each training sample in order to turn the classification process “smarter” (i.e., more reliable), which is further used in a combination process with majority voting. Furthermore, we also proposed the combination of classifiers using an ensemble pruning strategy driven by meta-heuristics based on quaternions. In addition, we proposed an extension of the ensemble pruning using OPF classifiers in the context of remote sensing images. Finally, the probabilistic OPF was proposed, since the OPF presents only abstract outputs. Experimental results over synthetic and real datasets showed the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approaches for classification problems.
Jovens e adultos em escola especial para pessoas com deficiência intelectual: escolarização em debate
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31) Almeida, Míriam Elena Cesar; Caiado, Kátia Regina Moreno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8273791177358581
This assignment has the goals to analyze the literacy condition of youth and adults, enrolled in the special school for intellectual disability and propose a reflexion about the educational purpose of the special school. The theoretical methodology basis looks at the Historical and Critical Pedagogy and its fundamentals. It has been investigated the literacy by ways of writing samples, produced from a list of words dictated by the researcher, the writing of their name and by oral questions about their knowledge of personal data, such as their full name and date of birth. The investigation was produced with students of two special schools, from a municipality located in the interior of the São Paulo state. The results show that the students enrolled for more than five years didn’t appropriate themselves of the system of alphabetical writing, necessary knowledge for learning and academical and social development. They also review that the special school doesn’t have a pedagogical planning that act in the promotion of knowledge and that demonstrate possibilities of advancement of those students. The research looks into offering elements for the analysis of a reality ruled in a model of philanthropic special education, in which will result in the school and social exclusion of private subjects of knowledge appropriation.
Escritas em movimento : o entrecruzamento de meios nos textos de Ismael Caneppele
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31) Estevão, Natália Cristina; Rocha, Rejane Cristina; lattes.cnpq.br/5669300635333699; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1497697699612332
Through the development of the history of literary texts inscription, it is possible to observe that, in the Western world, from the predominance of literate culture, the book has been characterized as the main mean of literary circulation. This appropriation stablished itself in a deep way, once the book was consolidate, increasingly, as the formalization of the detention of literaty and subjective expression. (CHARTIER, 2007). In this sense, from the moment when these literary productions begin to manifest in other means in the contemporary scenario of digital creations, there are reactions of estrangement and devaluation of new productions, precisely because they are configured in different materiality (ROCHA, 2014a). Regarding these considerations, we delimit as the corpus of this dissertation the texts of the Brazilian author Ismael Caneppele. Our research proposes a reading of the novel Os famosos e os duendes da morte (2010) and the blog Ismael Pele de Cão (2011-2014), considering the different material formalizations that each one of these texts present. We observed which characteristics of the text in printed book and which specifities of the text from the blog, on the internet. In our analysis, we assumed the inextricable relation between the text and the materiality, performing the necessary mediations in the critical work development. With the propose of developing such propositions, we observed that one of the central points of the issue is based on comprehension of the specificities of different media aproached, once each one stablish a different own way in relation to others. Therefore, we based the studies here presented on the theory of remediation, proposed by Bolter and Grusin (1999), that problematizes the articulation between the different media, as it postulates that the new media do not overcome or replace the previous, but coexist, which reconfigures their meaning. Along with remediation, with the objective of seizing the intertextual movements proposed on the texts, we use the concept of cultural recycling (KLUSCINSKAS; MOSER, 2007), whose constitution is based on a review of the aesthetical concept from reconsidering the paradigma “novelty, originality, authenticity”, that in the current context supports itself in the triad “copy, recycling and seriation”. From this analysis, we developed the notion of movement and we were able to conclude that it works as a technique of writing, assuming the fundamental role in the comprehension of the intrinsic relation between the texts and the materialities in the productions of Ismael Caneppele, as a way to evidence particularities of the author’s literary project. Furthermore, in a broader sense, our observations help us to understand some aspects of contemporary literature, of the literary categories historically stablished, as in the case of the author, reader and work, whose values were cristalized in contexts culturally different, that we discuss and evaluate through the works of Ismael Caneppele.
Otimização de parâmetros para edição de genoma via CRISPR/CAS9 em citros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31) Bernardi, Amanda de Carvalho; Takita, Marco Aurélio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0578612884434541; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3138057365035874
The genus Citrus contains a wide variety of fruit-producing species such as oranges, lemons, limes and mandarins that are highly popular in the world. Brazil is one of the main citrus producers, currently leading the world production of oranges. The Brazilian citrus industry is extremely important because of it is great activity that generates jobs, thus contributing to the socioeconomic development of the country. However, the genetic background used in the Brazilian citriculture is still very narrow, with few varieties being cultivated commercially. This is a reflection of the fact that there is still a great difficulty in obtaining superior individuals through traditional breeding due to the limitations presented by the citrus crop. This makes it necessary to develop new technologies, especially those that exploit the already sequenced genomes. One of these technologies is the genome editing, where it is possible to make disruptions in specific points in the genome of a given organism, leading to mutations or substitutions of DNA fragments. Among the various techniques used for genome editing, CRISPR / CAS9 is the most promising because of its ease of use. With its first studies in 2013, there is an increasing number of papers showing CRISPR / CAS9 mediated genome editing in different organisms, including plants. At the present time, for citrus there are works of two groups in which this technology was used to generate mutant plants. Therefore, the application of this technology could be better exploited to take citrus studies in Brazil to another level, with prospects of generation of new varieties. Thus, this project had a central objective to optimize systems for generation of mutants via CRISPR / CAS9 in citrus. In order to explore the existing methodologies for genome editing in plants, constructs of vectors with targets in genes of interest for the study of disease resistance were made using vectors available in the literature. From this initial work, it was possible to propose two improvements for optimization of the process: the use of transient transformation to identify mutations and consequent efficiency of the CRISPR vector and the construction of a new vector for plant genome editing. We were able to evaluate some parameters and to optimize the methodology of transient transformation in sweet orange, resulting in an average of up to 93% of transformed leaf discs. It was also possible to conclude the construction of a new vector for plant genome editing that has the advantages of having reduced size, easy customization in the vector itself and resistance to kanamycin in plants and bacteria. The advances obtained in this work can be applied in studies of several areas not only of citrus, but also of other cultures.
Produtividade da mão de obra na execução de instalações prediais hidráulicas e sanitárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31) Monteiro, Paulo Roberto Moreira; Paliari, José Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9387796929252598; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6338529692099281
The construction industry did not follow the others industries as regards developments of the labor resources and presents low levels productivity. The labor productivity is mainly responsible for the rhythm of work, therefore, know the productivity of a task is of extreme importance and in possession of this information, if reliable, various benefits can be achieved. Specifically, in the execution of the building systems, this information is very scarce due to the difficulties of data collection of fragmented services, added to the frequent outsourcings adopted by builders companies. This work aims to deepen the knowledge on labor productivity of execution of Sanitary and Plumbing Building Systems when these efforts are applied with management systems involving kits or materials and techniques not measured yet. Among the results obtained are the measurement of the labor of productivity of the Sanitary and Plumbing Building Systems executed with Polypropylene Random Copolymer, the comparative analysis of this with other materials available in the market with the same destination of use, and the advances on the productivity advantages of the pre-production and subsequent installation of hydraulic kits that, if in ideal situations of context reached productivity 3.5 times greater than labor productivity of the conventional system, in the most unfavorable scenarios obtained timid gains of productivity, demonstrated as a whole an expressive gain of efficiency. In this way, the main contribution of this work consist in the possibilities the data collected allow in the field of decision making concerning the constructive method of Sanitary and Plumbing Building Systems with Polypropylene Random Copolymer and encourage the adoption of models that involve rationalized production.
“Com o olho em punho”: o cinema superoitista de Torquato Neto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31) Barreto, Moema Pascoini; Paiva, Samuel José Holanda de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7222933274927263; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3777370935221402
This research intends to explore the filmmaking activities of Torquato Neto in the beginning of the 70´s. Throughout his artistic life course, Torquato crossed diferent sorts of media, producing and stimulating Brazilian independent culture. During the last three years of his life, he accomplished what we call turn to cinema, the period we´ll analyze in this dissertation. We'll start analyzing the relation between the movies Nosferato no Brasil (Ivan Cardoso, 1971), Helô e Dirce (Luiz Otávio Pimentel, 1972), Terror na Vermelha (Torquato Neto, 1972) and the writings from the Geléia Geral column in the newspaper Última Hora, published between august 1971 and march 1972. Besides the relation between this works, Torquato Neto´s actions as a booster agent for the super-8 production throughout the 70´s will be discussed.
Currículo crítico? Uma investigação acerca do currículo paulista de geografia no Enisno Médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31) Lomardo, Juan; Silva, Antonio Fernando Gouvêa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9621931288117213; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7993150759633407
The main object of this research is the geography curriculum of the public High School system of Sao Paulo, more precisely its theoretical reference. Based on the analysis of such curriculum, the aim is to check the accuracy of the categories of Critical Geography, in order to test how the concept of criticism is applied, as well as unveil politics questions that come up in the shape of such investigation. Its theoretical background are the subsidies offered by Critical Theory and by scientific developing of this way of thinking, to the educational and curriculum area.
Aprendizagem significativa com ênfase na formação do técnico em manutenção de aeronaves
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31) Meyer, Ivens Alberto; López, Johnny Vilcarromero; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2842871947259606; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2806069660500947
The professionalizing technical education deals with the challenge of training professionals for new professions, which entails the shaping of technical courses that have a demand for teachers with specific experiences. The Mechanics Technical Course on Aircraft Maintenance is an example of these cases. In the present study, an Instructional Material (IM) was developed, and its usage focused on teachers and students that were interested in the concepts of Circular Motion, Torque, Inertia Momentum, Angular Momentum, Gyroscopic Precession and Energy Conservation of the angular movement, based on David Ausubel’s theoretical reference. Such matters should have an approach in the course of these upcoming professionals, highlighting the need of promoting examples, exercises and practical activities of relevance and which represent the training demand of these students. The IM application took place in a professionalizing Technical Course of Instituto Federal de São Paulo (IFSP), São Carlos campus, where the researcher is also a teacher. The class is composed of second or third year students from high school that, at a different time, attend the complementary Professionalizing School. The assignment developed with the IM showed signs of good feedback along with the students, considering that the exercises held in the post-test reveal a significant increase of right answers.