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Combinação de classificadores baseados em floresta de caminhos ótimos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31)
Fernandes, Silas Evandro Nachif
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Papa, João Paulo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9039182932747194
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3584861614841162
Machine learning techniques have been actively pursued in the last years, mainly due to the great number of applications that make use of some sort of intelligent mechanism for decision-making processes. In this context, among the several studies on classification techniques and how to improve them, the ensemble of classifiers has achieved considerable evidence in the literature. In this circumstance, a classifier with significant growth is the technique called Optimum-Path Forest (OPF), which is considerable ease to manipulate, has no parameters in some versions, and it is efficient in the training phase. Since OPF is a relatively new technique in the literature, and we have few studies on ensemble of OPF classifiers only, this work aims to provide a more detailed study in ensemble techniques regarding the OPF classifier. This work has proposed an improved version of OPF, which learns a score-based confidence level for each training sample in order to turn the classification process “smarter” (i.e., more reliable), which is further used in a combination process with majority voting. Furthermore, we also proposed the combination of classifiers using an ensemble pruning strategy driven by meta-heuristics based on quaternions. In addition, we proposed an extension of the ensemble pruning using OPF classifiers in the context of remote sensing images. Finally, the probabilistic OPF was proposed, since the OPF presents only abstract outputs. Experimental results over synthetic and real datasets showed the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approaches for classification problems.
Compósitos e nanocompósitos de polietileno-celulose : efeito do tamanho e da composição da fibra e do processamento nas propriedades óticas e mecânicas dos filmes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31)
Maia, Thiago Henrique Silveira
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Lucas, Alessandra de Almeida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9754332336954137
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4681835189203198
In this study an aqueous dispersion of a polyethylene copolymer with a content of 6 wt% of acrylic acid was used as an alternative medium for incorporation of cellulosic fibers (FC), nanofibrils (NFC) and lignocellulosic nanofibrils with 3 wt% of lignin (LCNF) from Eucalyptus grandis to compare the effect of size and composition on the properties of films obtained by casting and pressing. The amount of the fibers varied from 0 to 30%wt. The appearance, optical, thermal and mechanical properties as well as the film morphology were evaluated for comparison of fiber size and composition. The films are transparent up to 10%wt of FC and NFC, indicating good dispersion of the fibers, being brownish in the presence of NFLC. The addition of FC and NFC promoted improvements up to 900% in the Young modulus of the films. NFLC containing films showed superior Young modulus and tensile strength around 1700% and 35% higher than PE samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphology of the films showed a good dispersion, but a poor distribution of the fibers through the matrix, with PE-rich and fiber-rich regions for the cast-processed composites and nanocomposites. In this way, the properties of NFC films were also evaluated after a extrusion step using two different screw rotations. SEM morphology of the extruded films revealed the occurrence of re-agglomeration and a consequent decrease on the aspect ratio of NFC into the PE matrix, with significant reduction of the Young's modulus and transparency. In addition, the polyolefin aqueous dispersions processed by casting seem to be a promising and relatively fast route for obtaining polyolefin/cellulose nanocomposites films, but the interconnected web like morphology of NFC must be preserved for obtaining better mechanical properties.
Produtividade da mão de obra na execução de instalações prediais hidráulicas e sanitárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31)
Monteiro, Paulo Roberto Moreira
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Paliari, José Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9387796929252598
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6338529692099281
The construction industry did not follow the others industries as regards developments of the labor resources and presents low levels productivity. The labor productivity is mainly responsible for the rhythm of work, therefore, know the productivity of a task is of extreme importance and in possession of this information, if reliable, various benefits can be achieved. Specifically, in the execution of the building systems, this information is very scarce due to the difficulties of data collection of fragmented services, added to the frequent outsourcings adopted by builders companies. This work aims to deepen the knowledge on labor productivity of execution of Sanitary and Plumbing Building Systems when these efforts are applied with management systems involving kits or materials and techniques not measured yet. Among the results obtained are the measurement of the labor of productivity of the Sanitary and Plumbing Building Systems executed with Polypropylene Random Copolymer, the comparative analysis of this with other materials available in the market with the same destination of use, and the advances on the productivity advantages of the pre-production and subsequent installation of hydraulic kits that, if in ideal situations of context reached productivity 3.5 times greater than labor productivity of the conventional system, in the most unfavorable scenarios obtained timid gains of productivity, demonstrated as a whole an expressive gain of efficiency. In this way, the main contribution of this work consist in the possibilities the data collected allow in the field of decision making concerning the constructive method of Sanitary and Plumbing Building Systems with Polypropylene Random Copolymer and encourage the adoption of models that involve rationalized production.
“Com o olho em punho”: o cinema superoitista de Torquato Neto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31)
Barreto, Moema Pascoini
;
Paiva, Samuel José Holanda de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7222933274927263
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3777370935221402
This research intends to explore the filmmaking activities of Torquato Neto in the beginning of the 70´s. Throughout his artistic life course, Torquato crossed diferent sorts of media, producing and stimulating Brazilian independent culture. During the last three years of his life, he accomplished what we call turn to cinema, the period we´ll analyze in this dissertation. We'll start analyzing the relation between the movies Nosferato no Brasil (Ivan Cardoso, 1971), Helô e Dirce (Luiz Otávio Pimentel, 1972), Terror na Vermelha (Torquato Neto, 1972) and the writings from the Geléia Geral column in the newspaper Última Hora, published between august 1971 and march 1972. Besides the relation between this works, Torquato Neto´s actions as a booster agent for the super-8 production throughout the 70´s will be discussed.
Currículo crítico? Uma investigação acerca do currículo paulista de geografia no Enisno Médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31)
Lomardo, Juan
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Silva, Antonio Fernando Gouvêa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9621931288117213
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7993150759633407
The main object of this research is the geography curriculum of the public High School system of Sao Paulo, more precisely its theoretical reference. Based on the analysis of such curriculum, the aim is to check the accuracy of the categories of Critical Geography, in order to test how the concept of criticism is applied, as well as unveil politics questions that come up in the shape of such investigation. Its theoretical background are the subsidies offered by Critical Theory and by scientific developing of this way of thinking, to the educational and curriculum area.
Escritas em movimento : o entrecruzamento de meios nos textos de Ismael Caneppele
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31)
Estevão, Natália Cristina
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Rocha, Rejane Cristina
;
lattes.cnpq.br/5669300635333699
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1497697699612332
Through the development of the history of literary texts inscription, it is possible to observe that, in the Western world, from the predominance of literate culture, the book has been characterized as the main mean of literary circulation. This appropriation stablished itself in a deep way, once the book was consolidate, increasingly, as the formalization of the detention of literaty and subjective expression. (CHARTIER, 2007). In this sense, from the moment when these literary productions begin to manifest in other means in the contemporary scenario of digital creations, there are reactions of estrangement and devaluation of new productions, precisely because they are configured in different materiality (ROCHA, 2014a). Regarding these considerations, we delimit as the corpus of this dissertation the texts of the Brazilian author Ismael Caneppele. Our research proposes a reading of the novel Os famosos e os duendes da morte (2010) and the blog Ismael Pele de Cão (2011-2014), considering the different material formalizations that each one of these texts present. We observed which characteristics of the text in printed book and which specifities of the text from the blog, on the internet. In our analysis, we assumed the inextricable relation between the text and the materiality, performing the necessary mediations in the critical work development. With the propose of developing such propositions, we observed that one of the central points of the issue is based on comprehension of the specificities of different media aproached, once each one stablish a different own way in relation to others. Therefore, we based the studies here presented on the theory of remediation, proposed by Bolter and Grusin (1999), that problematizes the articulation between the different media, as it postulates that the new media do not overcome or replace the previous, but coexist, which reconfigures their meaning. Along with remediation, with the objective of seizing the intertextual movements proposed on the texts, we use the concept of cultural recycling (KLUSCINSKAS; MOSER, 2007), whose constitution is based on a review of the aesthetical concept from reconsidering the paradigma “novelty, originality, authenticity”, that in the current context supports itself in the triad “copy, recycling and seriation”. From this analysis, we developed the notion of movement and we were able to conclude that it works as a technique of writing, assuming the fundamental role in the comprehension of the intrinsic relation between the texts and the materialities in the productions of Ismael Caneppele, as a way to evidence particularities of the author’s literary project. Furthermore, in a broader sense, our observations help us to understand some aspects of contemporary literature, of the literary categories historically stablished, as in the case of the author, reader and work, whose values were cristalized in contexts culturally different, that we discuss and evaluate through the works of Ismael Caneppele.
Otimização de parâmetros para edição de genoma via CRISPR/CAS9 em citros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31)
Bernardi, Amanda de Carvalho
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Takita, Marco Aurélio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0578612884434541
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3138057365035874
The genus Citrus contains a wide variety of fruit-producing species such as oranges, lemons, limes and mandarins that are highly popular in the world. Brazil is one of the main citrus producers, currently leading the world production of oranges. The Brazilian citrus industry is extremely important because of it is great activity that generates jobs, thus contributing to the socioeconomic development of the country. However, the genetic background used in the Brazilian citriculture is still very narrow, with few varieties being cultivated commercially. This is a reflection of the fact that there is still a great difficulty in obtaining superior individuals through traditional breeding due to the limitations presented by the citrus crop. This makes it necessary to develop new technologies, especially those that exploit the already sequenced genomes. One of these technologies is the genome editing, where it is possible to make disruptions in specific points in the genome of a given organism, leading to mutations or substitutions of DNA fragments. Among the various techniques used for genome editing, CRISPR / CAS9 is the most promising because of its ease of use. With its first studies in 2013, there is an increasing number of papers showing CRISPR / CAS9 mediated genome editing in different organisms, including plants. At the present time, for citrus there are works of two groups in which this technology was used to generate mutant plants. Therefore, the application of this technology could be better exploited to take citrus studies in Brazil to another level, with prospects of generation of new varieties. Thus, this project had a central objective to optimize systems for generation of mutants via CRISPR / CAS9 in citrus. In order to explore the existing methodologies for genome editing in plants, constructs of vectors with targets in genes of interest for the study of disease resistance were made using vectors available in the literature. From this initial work, it was possible to propose two improvements for optimization of the process: the use of transient transformation to identify mutations and consequent efficiency of the CRISPR vector and the construction of a new vector for plant genome editing. We were able to evaluate some parameters and to optimize the methodology of transient transformation in sweet orange, resulting in an average of up to 93% of transformed leaf discs. It was also possible to conclude the construction of a new vector for plant genome editing that has the advantages of having reduced size, easy customization in the vector itself and resistance to kanamycin in plants and bacteria. The advances obtained in this work can be applied in studies of several areas not only of citrus, but also of other cultures.
Jovens e adultos em escola especial para pessoas com deficiência intelectual: escolarização em debate
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31)
Almeida, Míriam Elena Cesar
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Caiado, Kátia Regina Moreno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8273791177358581
This assignment has the goals to analyze the literacy condition of youth and adults, enrolled in the special school for intellectual disability and propose a reflexion about the educational purpose of the special school. The theoretical methodology basis looks at the Historical and Critical Pedagogy and its fundamentals. It has been investigated the literacy by ways of writing samples, produced from a list of words dictated by the researcher, the writing of their name and by oral questions about their knowledge of personal data, such as their full name and date of birth. The investigation was produced with students of two special schools, from a municipality located in the interior of the São Paulo state. The results show that the students enrolled for more than five years didn’t appropriate themselves of the system of alphabetical writing, necessary knowledge for learning and academical and social development. They also review that the special school doesn’t have a pedagogical planning that act in the promotion of knowledge and that demonstrate possibilities of advancement of those students. The research looks into offering elements for the analysis of a reality ruled in a model of philanthropic special education, in which will result in the school and social exclusion of private subjects of knowledge appropriation.
Aprendizagem significativa com ênfase na formação do técnico em manutenção de aeronaves
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-08-31)
Meyer, Ivens Alberto
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López, Johnny Vilcarromero
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2842871947259606
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2806069660500947
The professionalizing technical education deals with the challenge of training professionals for new professions, which entails the shaping of technical courses that have a demand for teachers with specific experiences. The Mechanics Technical Course on Aircraft Maintenance is an example of these cases. In the present study, an Instructional Material (IM) was developed, and its usage focused on teachers and students that were interested in the concepts of Circular Motion, Torque, Inertia Momentum, Angular Momentum, Gyroscopic Precession and Energy Conservation of the angular movement, based on David Ausubel’s theoretical reference. Such matters should have an approach in the course of these upcoming professionals, highlighting the need of promoting examples, exercises and practical activities of relevance and which represent the training demand of these students. The IM application took place in a professionalizing Technical Course of Instituto Federal de São Paulo (IFSP), São Carlos campus, where the researcher is also a teacher. The class is composed of second or third year students from high school that, at a different time, attend the complementary Professionalizing School. The assignment developed with the IM showed signs of good feedback along with the students, considering that the exercises held in the post-test reveal a significant increase of right answers.
Mapeamento de QTLs e eQTLs associados à reação a “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” em Poncirus trifoliata, Citrus sunki e híbridos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-01)
Soratto, Tatiany Aparecida Teixeira
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Gazaffi, Rodrigo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4506894662453338
;
Cristofani-Yaly, Mariângela
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7829946393687571
The Centro APTA Citros Sylvio Moreira/IAC has been conducting an extensive breeding program of citrus via directed crosses. In a previous study with Citrushuanglongbing pathosystem (HLB) held in our group, using a population obtained by hybridization between Citrus sunki and Poncirus trifoliata, differences were found in the multiplication of the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), the causal agent of HLB, in the parents and in the progeny. It was observed that the rate of infection and bacterial concentration was higher in C. sunki than in P. trifoliata. Thus, it is important to deepen the studies with this genus and hybrids to increase knowledge of which mechanisms could be involved in the tolerance to HLB, considered the most important disease of citrus currently. In this sense, the objective of this study was to establish sinteny between the linkage groups of the C. sunki and P. trifoliata maps with the genome of Citrus sinensis and to map genomic regions associated to tolerance CLas bacterium through phenotypic analysis (QTLs) and gene expression (eQTLs). With the comparative analysis between maps and genome, it was observed that all the linkage groups showed synteny with reference genome chromosomes used, with the exception of the linkage group 10 of the C. sunki map. For the phenotypic data, a population of 79 F1 hybrids between C. sunki and P. trifoliata was used. The quantification of the bacterium and accumulation of starch in the leaves were evaluated after two years of inoculation with the pathogen. Through the statistical analysis of the mixed model it was possible to group the hybrids into resistant, tolerant and susceptible, being important the validation of these data in the field. The expression of 14 candidate genes related to HLB was performed in 72 hybrids of the population and used as expression data for the mapping of eQTLs. It was possible to locate nine QTLs and 52 eQTLs on the C. sunki genitor map and 17 QTLs and 40 eQTLs were found on the P. trifoliata genitor map. The overlapping eQTLs of the majority genes of QTL (phenotypic data) indicates that the genes are related to the phenotype and are probably responsive to the pathogen infection.
Identidades Polinomiais ℤ2-Graduadas para as Álgebras M1,1(E) e UT2(F) via representações de grupos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-01)
Cruz, Karina Branco da
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Schützer, Waldeck
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8638200922501477
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6948488097705610
In this essay we will briefly study the concept of Algebra. We will introduce a little of Group Representation Theory, looking specifically at Young's Theory, which allows us to present explicitly the decomposition of the group algebra FSn into simple subalgebras, where Sn is the symmetric group of order n!. We will also talk about Polynomial Identities and Graded Polynomial Identities, and some pertinent PI-Theory's results. We will relate Symmetrical Groups Representation Theories with PI-Theory. We will show all the Z2-graded polynomial identities for the algebras M2(F) and M1,1(E), where E is the Grassmann Algebra infinitely generated over a field F of characteristic zero. Finally, we will present all G-gradings possibilities for the algebra UT2(F), of the upper triangular matrices of order two with entries in a field of characteristic zero (we will see that, up to isomorphisms, there are only two possibilities), moreover, we will find all the G-graded polynomial identities for this algebra and we will show a numerical sequence involving the graded cocaracteres.
Limites singulares para equações do tipo Rosenau-KdV-RLW e Benney-Lin : existência e convergência de soluções
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-01)
Ferreira, Danilo de Jesus
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Kondo, Cezar Issao
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0900348462714778
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8819444149610717
We consider the approximations @tu + @xf(u) + b1@3xu + b2@t@2xu + 2c@t@4 xu = @2xu (4) and @tu + @xf(u) + @2xu + 2b@3 xu + 3c@4xu + 5d@5xu = @2xu (5) of the Rosenau-KdV-RLW and Benney-Lin equations and supplementing them with an initial condition u(0; x) = u ; ;0(x) (6) we establish the global existence of solutions u ; for the problems (4){(6) and (5){(6). Moreover, we study the limiting behaviour of the sequence u ; when the parameters and are kept in balance and tend to zero, and we prove that the limit function consists of the unique entropy solution of the conservation law @tu + @xf(u) = 0: The tools used will be the Compensated Compactness Theory developed by Tartar-Murat [22, 23, 27, 28] and DiPerna's theory [10, 11] on Entropy Measure-Valued Solutions together with a number of uniform estimates on the sequence u ; obtained during the text.
O desenvolvimento de novos serviços em empresas de manufatura : estudo de casos em produtores de caminhões
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-01)
Gomide, Eduardo Heber
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Mendes, Glauco Henrique de Sousa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7564259060572565
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0399537534427986
Services are not only important for companies in the tertiary sector, but also for manufacturing companies. With the servitization strategy, these companies are offering more services added to their products and developing new service offerings in which the product is no longer the focus on the offer to the customer. The servitization, understood as this process for service-centric business models, requires new postures, processes, capabilities, and resources. Among the processes, manufacturing companies need to start developing not just products, but services as well. With this, the New Service Development (NSD) gains importance for manufacturing companies. In spite of this importance, there is no consensus in the literature about NSD structuring and its integration with the product development process (PDP) in manufacturing companies. Thus, this dissertation sought to focus on the following research questions: How do manufacturing companies organize their New Service Development processes, and how is this process integrated into the New Product Development process? Therefore, the objective is to characterize and analyze the process of New Service Development in the context of manufacturing companies. To achieve this objective, two research strategies were used: Systematic Bibliographic Review and the Multiple Case Study in two manufacturing companies of truck manufacturers. Through semi-structured interviews, the heads of the areas involved with the NSD were interviewed in order to identify information regarding the structuring of the NSD. The results indicate that most of the innovations made by the companies investigated refer to innovations of the ad hoc type and consist in the development of new solutions to the problem of a client. It was also observed that the companies do not have an area dedicated to the NSD, and this responsibility falls on the After Sales area due to the approach with the clients. It is also concluded that the companies do not perform all the steps provided in the traditional models and have low levels of NSD formalization. Finally, on the integration of PDP and NSD processes, there is a positive consensus among companies, but this is understood as the exchange of information. In this way, the results indicate that the processes are performed in a non-integrated way.
Estresse por alumínio em cultivares de cana-de-açúcar: crescimento radicular e atividade de enzimas antioxidantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-01)
Pimenta, Lucas Smith
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Carneiro, Monalisa Sampaio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2696490871291334
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7156406555671882
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is the most important crop for the economy of more than a hundred tropical and subtropical countries, accounting for 70% of the sugar and 40% of the ethanol production worldwide. Aluminium toxicity (Al3+) on acidic soils is the second major abiotic stress, after drought, affecting crop’s productivity. Al3+ directly limits sugarcane productivity through the inhibition of root development, promoting yet the unbalance between the production and elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The use of liming for correcting soil acidity is an expensive and temporary solution, being the adoption of cultivars tolerant to Al3+ a more sustainable practice in the long term. Several grass species have Al3+ tolerant cultivars, which have been studied and successfully used to obtain more productive genotypes. The present study aimed to evaluate the tolerance to Al3+ in a group of sugarcane cultivars, through root growth and antioxidant enzymes activities (APX, CAT and SOD). A series of hydroponics experiments were conducted to define Al3+ activity and the minimum acclimation and exposure periods required to verify the behavior of the cultivars. The proposed system, with seven days of acclimatization and three days of exposure to 143 μM Al3+, was adequate to study the cultivars. In the last experiments conducted, nine cultivars were evaluated in the absence (0 μM Al3+) or presence of 143 μM Al3+, which were separated into two groups, based on the relative root growth (RRG). In the control experiment (0 μM Al3+) RRG showed no significant correlation with the activity of any of the antioxidant enzymes studied. In contrast, in the Al treatment experiment (143 μM Al3+), significant correlations (p≤0.05) were obtained between RRG and the enzymes CAT and SOD. The results indicate a possible role of these enzymes in the maintenance of the oxidative status and root growth in sugarcane plants exposed to Al3+.
O olhar de Van Gogh pelas lentes de Alain Resnais : uma poética da luz
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-04)
Feliciano, Gilmara Martins
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Monzani, Josette Maria Alves de Souza
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0505156751073470
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0040524807033132
This study was instigated by the documentary Van Gogh (1947), by Alain Resnais. The main reason for this analysis was given by the peculiar structure of the short film that had only the painting of Vincent Van Gogh as a source image. This nature allowed us to believe that the filmmaker's intention was to 'make' cinema from plastic pictorial material. And he did so in a dynamic that involved his process of creation and that of the painter, because at the same time that he thought the pictorial image, he conjectured it as cinema. Analyzing the creative movement of the artist the director supposedly evidencedhis own movement. The analysis of the structural transformation experienced by the painting was carried out according to the transcreation studies (Haroldo de Campos), of poetic translation (Roman Jakobson) and the implications of the poetic, phatic and metalinguistic functions in the elaboration of the aesthetic object. For this unique condition Van Gogh we recognize it as a film-essay (Arlindo Machado and Ismail Xavier) that transcends the paradigms of the documentary genre. We also sought to guide our analysis of translation from Jacques Aumont 's three operations: diegetization, narration and psychologization, which allowed us to point out the translation procedures (filming, editing and oralized text) responsible for the transformation of painting into cinema.
Efeito do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade na composição corporal, na regulação do processo inflamatório e do metabolismo de ratos Wistar alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-04)
Costa, Leandro Ribeiro
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Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6153289867940435
This study aims to analyze the behavior of Omentin and Vaspin in relation to a high intensity interval training protocol (HIIT) in rats fed a hyperlipidic diet. To this end, male Wistar rats, divided into 4 groups, received standard or high fat diet depending on the group for 4 weeks. After the induction to body fat gain, the training protocol began, with duration of 10 weeks, divided in 2 weeks of adaptation and 8 of HIIT. The animals in the trained groups performed 3 training sessions per week. Body mass and food intake were measured daily. At the end of the experimental period euthanasia occurred by decapitation, 48 hours after the last training session. Blood was collected and the tissues: gastrocnemius muscle, liver, epididimal white (EPI), retroperitoneal (RET) and visceral (VIS) adipose tissue were removed and immediately weighed. Serum concentrations of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, PCR, IL-L8, IL-10, IL-4 and adipokines omentin, vaspin and adiponectin were determined by ELISA and protein expression of omentin and vasin by Western blotting . The results are expressed in mean and standard deviation, the statistical comparisons were made through analysis of variance, and p <0.05 was considered to denote statistical significance. The results demonstrated that the hyperlipid diet protocol is able to promote a significant gain of body fat in 4 weeks, besides promoting, at the end of the experiment, an increase in serum levels of vasin and triglycerides. On the other hand, the high-intensity interval training was able to improve the animals' maximum exercise capacity and to slow the increment of the fat gain. However, training promoted an increase in total cholesterol levels and a reduction in serum adiponectin levels in IL- 10. Thus, the research supports the evidence that high-intensity interval training is able to mobilize fat significantly in a population with excess body fat, however, due to suppression of adiponectin and IL-10 levels, this may not be the ideal protocol for this population in such circumstances and we reinforce the use of vaspin as a biomarker for obesity.
Fronteiras e fronteiriços: “o eu e o outro” nas narrativas de brasileiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-04)
Carvalho, Jucineth Glória do Espírito Santo Vital de
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Mancuso, Maria Inês Rauter
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3208435983286140
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5718152352151392
This doctoral thesis resulted from a research process that was developed along a stretch of the Brazil-Bolivia border, in the southwest of Mato Grosso. In order to develop the study, the period 1940-2016 was delimited and an extension of the border area comprising the rural towns of Santa Clara do Monte Cristo, also known as Ponta de Aterro or Punta de La Carretera, part of the Nossa Senhora Aparecida and the community of Morrinhos, which belong to the municipality of Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade. In the Bolivian side, the research covered the Vila de San Vicente de La Frontera and part of its surroundings. This study sought to analyze the meanings of that frontier in the perspective of the distinct frontier groups inhabitants of the region, composed of merchants, rural residents, farmers, public servants, remnants of the “Chiquitano” indigenous people and representatives of the Bolivian government. For that, investigations were made about the occupation and settlement process of the region, the social relations, constituted sociabilities and the forms of territorialization used by that society. The methodological procedures adopted were: direct observation with registration in field book; interviews and documentary research. The analysis was built using the inductive method, with a perspective and a qualitative approach, using narratives effectively, supported by oral history tools and intensive field work, with selection and direct contact with the investigated subjects. In sum, it was concluded with the study that "the self and other" in the boundary Brazil-Bolivia border are constituted from the differentiations of the subjects and not only on the nationality factor, since the limit can be constituted in a real or imaginary form, which transpires in the social relations established between frontier settlers, including: culture, language, parties and other forms of sociability. The frontier, in this sense, extrapolates the meaning of limit, of the material rigidity of the existence of a physical place. It transcends, heading for the between-places.
Análise da expressão gênica e conteúdo proteico de ABCB10, APEX1 e HMGB1 em pacientes com beta talassemia maior e intermediaria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-04)
Silva, João Pedro Maia de Oliveira da
;
Cunha, Anderson Ferreira da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329741640375661
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7137476898225863
Beta thalassemias (BT) are a group of hereditary diseases characterized by the partial or total suppression of beta globin chains synthesis. Clinically, it manifests itself in three distinct forms: minor (BTm), intermedia (BTI) and major (BTM), and are differentiated by the frequency of transfusions, being the most severe form BTM. Since it is known in the literature that BT phenotype occurs independently of the genotype, a study conducted by the group, evaluated globally, genes that were differentially expressed in patients who had the same genotype, but different clinical presentation. By analyzing these results and looking for genes related to the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), responsible for causing cell damage and collaborating even more with the reduction of the erythrocyte lifespan observed in these patients, we identified the genes ABCB10, APEX1 and HMBG1 as differentially expressed, the former being increased in BTI patients and the latter two being increased in BTM. Peripheral blood samples extracted from a control group (n = 9), a BTI group (n = 8) and a BTM group (n = 4) were used to perform the real-time PCR experiments; for the experiments with CD34 + cells two healthy cultures and two containing the IVSI-6 mutation were used on the 7th, 10th and 13th days; A control group (n = 4), a BTI group (n = 5) and a BTM group (n = 6) were used to determine the protein content of APEX1, and a control group (n = 4) ) and a BTI group (n = 5) for the HMGB1 experiment. The data were analyzed using the GraphPad Prism 6 software and considered significant values of p <0.005. Using the real-time PCR technique (qPCR), we confirmed these results in a larger number of patients. The ABCB10 gene, on average, was 5 times more expressed in BTI patients (p = 0.0077). The APEX1 and HMGB1 genes were differentially expressed in patient BTM (both 3 times). Analyzing the expression of these genes during differentiation of thalassemic beta cells in CD34 + cell culture, compared to healthy cells, by real-time PCR, we found an increase in ABCB10 expression and a decrease in APEX1 and HMGB1 at the end of the differentiation. A protein analysis using western blot indicated that the protein content of APEX1 is increased in the two phenotypes of BT indicating its relation to the disease independent of the phenotype. Since erythroid cells did not show detectable amounts of HMGB1 in the cytoplasm, it was analyzed in the plasma of healthy individuals and BTI, showing a significant increase of this protein in patients. In this way, we conclude that our results contribute with unpublished data for the literature and can show in the case of differential expression of ABCB10, a more efficient response against oxidative stress, besides an important role in the erythroid differentiation in BTI patients. The higher production of APEX1 in beta-thalassemic patients seems to be independent of the phenotype being associated with the disease and related to the increase of oxidative stress observed in these patients. Finally, increased secretion of HMGB1 in the plasma of patients may be associated with prolonged inflammatory conditions, contributing to systemic cytotoxicity. The data presented here contribute to a better understanding of the disease, pointing out new targets for future studies.
Estudo da curvatura central das placas cerâmicas para revestimentos : a influência da fusibilidade e coeficiente de expansão térmica da camada de engobe nas curvaturas desenvolvidas durante e após a queima
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-05)
Rodrigues, Bruno Caio
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Melchiades, Fábio Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4469106561041487
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Boschi, Anselmo Ortega
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3259846931278607
Most ceramic tiles have a slip layer and this has a significant influence on the characteristics of the ceramic tiles. In contrast to this reality, the specialized literature on engobes is sparse and superficial. It is known, from experience, that the engobe layer influences the texture of the glazed ceramic tile surface, the curvature of the tiles, the appearance of pathologies such as the water stain, etc. In this context, the objective of the present work was to contribute to a better understanding of the role of the engobe in the ceramic tiles. For this, the influence of the fusibility variation and coefficient of thermal expansion of different engobes on the development of the central curvature of the tiles during and after burning was studied. Four engobes with different coefficients of thermal expansion and different fissures were developed. To determine the fusibility of the engobes, a heating optical microscope was used and a contact dilatometer was used to determine the coefficients of thermal expansion of the engobes and the substrate. In order to evaluate the influence of the differences in the coefficients of thermal expansion and fusibility of the engobes in the development of the central curvature of the tiles the optical fleximeter of heating was used. With the results, it was possible to perceive that the more refractory the engobe in relation to the substrate will be the development of the convex curvature and the more the flux the greater the development of the concave curvature, and the greater the probability of this accompanying the behavior of the substrate until the beginning of the cooling due to the creep mechanism provided by the volume and viscosity of the liquid phases formed during burning. In cooling, the higher the coefficient of thermal expansion of the engobe in relation to the substrate, the greater the development of concave curvature and the smaller the greater the development of the convex curvature.
Estudo do efeito do estresse crônico sobre a função cardiovascular em ratas normotensas e espontaneamente hipertensas (SHR)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-05)
Vieira, Jonas Oliveira
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Crestani, Carlos Cesar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1117432571971568
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1849706158705351
The aim of the present study was to investigate the physiological and somatic changes, with emphasis on the analysis of effects on cardiovascular function, induced by exposure to chronic stress in normotensive male and female rats. We also investigated the possible vulnerability of spontaneously hypertensive females rats (SHR) to physiological and somatic effects induced by stress protocols. The animals were exposed to 10 days protocols of repeated restraint stress (RRS) and chronic variable stress (CVS) protocols. We observed that control females presented basal HR values higher than males, and this effect was related to higher cardiac sympathetic activity and lower cardiac parasympathetic activity, when compared to males. In addition, both RRS and CVS caused HR increase in males, in which it was related to an increase in cardiac sympathetic activity. However, only RRS increased basal HR in females, in which it was also accompanied by an increase in cardiac sympathetic activity. Both RRS and CVS increased plasma corticosterone levels in females. We observed that both stress protocols decreased body weight gain only in males. In addition, CVS caused adrenal hypertrophy in males. Both RRS and CVS reduced the reflex bradycardia response triggered by increased blood pressure in males. In addition, CVS increased the reflex tachycardiac response triggered by decreases of blood pressure in males. Neither of the chronic stress protocols influenced baroreflex activity in females. Regarding the blood pressure response to vasoactive agents, we observed that the pressor response due to the intravenous administration of phenylephrine was not altered by neither of the chronic stress protocols in both genders. The response of acetylcholine was reduced only by CVS in males and increased by both stress protocols in females. The RRS also increased the SNP response in males, but in females both protocols decreased the response to SNP. As expected, we observed that SHR females had higher baseline blood pressure values than normotensive females. RRS caused an increase in basal heart rate in both normotensive and SHR female rats, in which it was related to an increase in cardiac sympathetic activity. Both chronic stress protocols increased baseline plasma corticosterone levels and reduced body weight gain in both SHR and normotensive females. In addition, CVS and RRS caused hypertrophy of the adrenal glands in normotensive rats and increased thymus weight in SHR rats. In summary, concerning to the influence of sexual dimorphisms, the results indicate that, regardless of the type of stress, males are vulnerable to somatic effects and on body weight, while females appear to be more susceptible to the effects of chronic stress on baseline HPA axis activity. In addition, present findings indicate that females are selectively vulnerable to cardiovascular and autonomic changes evoked by homotypic stressors, whereas homotypic and heterotypic stressors similarly affect cardiovascular function and autonomic activity in males. Regarding an influence of hypertension, the findings did not indicate differences in cardiovascular, somatic and neuroendocrine responses induced by stress protocols in normotensive and SHR female rats.