Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2017-09-12"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 13816

Abundância e atividade metabólica da microbiota do solo da rizosfera de gramíneas nativas e invasoras em áreas de cerrado na Estação Ecológica de Itirapina, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-12)
Pierozzi, Mayara
;
Seleghim, Mirna Helena Regali
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5998337634888263
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9655454210424830
Biological invasions are considered the second major cause of biodiversity losses and invasions by exotic grasses constitute one of the most severe cases of invasions in native plant formations, intensely modifying ecosystems functioning. Invasive species change important ecosystem processes such as nutrient cycling, decomposition and fire regimes. According to some authors invasive grasses can alter soil microorganisms, in such way that these become a facilitator to their establishment. This study aimed to compare the abundance and metabolic activity of soil microbiota in the rhizosphere of invasive and native grasses. The research was carried out in the Ecological Station of Itirapina, São Paulo, in four areas being two in “campo cerrado” and two in “campo sujo” plant formation. Two samplings were carried out in the year 2015, one in March, at the end of rainy season and other in September at the end of the dry season. Abundance of microorganisms (bacteria, fungi and protozoans), carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content in the microbial biomass were quantitatively determined in the soil of the rhizosphere of three species of native (Loudetiopsis chrysothrix, Tristachya leiostachya, e Panicum sp.) and three species of invasive grasses (Melinis minutiflora, Melinis repens e Urochloa decumbens). The metabolic activity (microbial respiration) was measured and a metabolic quotient calculated as an indicator of the efficiency of carbon incorporation into microbial biomass. Physical and chemical characteristics of soil in the rizosphere of all species of grass studied were measured: granulometric soil fractions, temperature, pH, humidity, total C, N, and organic matter concentrations. Significant differences were found when comparing the soil from the rhizosphere of invasive and native grasses in both “campo cerrado” and “campo sujo” formations regarding Fungi density, total carbon and total N in the microbial biomass, total organic C and N in the soil and metabolic quocient. Values of carbon and nitrogen in microbial biomass and also total organic C and N in the soil were higher in native species than in invasive ones. Metabolic quotient values showed high values for invasive than for native grass species, thus indicating that the microbiota in the rhizosphere of invasive species has lower efficiency of carbon incorporation into their biomass, what appears to be a consequence of changes in the rhizosphere of exotic invasive grasses.
A evolução e o impacto dos indie games: uma analise sobre No man’s sky
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-12)
Hall, Denner Mark
;
Gamo, Alessandro Constantino
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8208629144314123
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1286597193604504
The independent cultural manifestation of the digital games, can be for many, a recent phenomenon, that has been brought by the digital distribution and the increasing number of platform; from smartphones and tablets to the videogames of the latest generation. However, delving deeper into the historical bias of independent production we can notice the first experimental manifestation from this medium, outside of the commercial means. Experimentations that celebrate the unrestricted access to computers outside scientists, experimentation that made possible the formation of communities connected online before the advent of the internet, that created ways for hobbyists, amateurs, and new game designers explored a rich means of expression in this medium. Therefore, this study was made in order to obtain an understanding of the evolution in independent production in video games and its complex unfolding. These unfolding allowed that indie games to have different impacts. The first impact analyzed here is the growth of the Brazilian game production, the importance of a low-cost format of production moved by creativity and the shaping of a strong independent movement in Brazil. The other impact analyzed is the recurrent phenomenon that blurs the line between mainstream and indie. This work aimed to study this phenomenon under the lens of the complex game No Man’s Sky, made by a small and unknown independent studio called Hello Games. Hello Games became infamous in the game industry due to the problematic launch of No Man’s Sky, one of the most anticipated titles of 2016 that failed to meet the expectations of the players. It was then analyzed the artistic approach, narrative, interactivity and technical complexity of No Man’s Sky in other to comprehend how a small studio was capable of creating 18 quintillion planets.
Mineração de dados espaciais aplicada no delineamento de unidades de gestão diferenciada em agricultura de precisão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-12)
Speranza, Eduardo Antonio
;
Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8378526334975196
Precision Agriculture (PA) is an agricultural cultivation strategy which uses technologies and principles to manage the spatial and temporal variability related to all aspects that surround a crop, in order to increase yield in a sustainable way, enabling both the reduction of environmental risks and the increase of profits. One of the processes used by this strategy to achieve this goal is the delineation of the crop area in smaller plots with similar characteristics, known as differentiated management units (DMUs). In order to achieve success in this process, dissimilarities between the DMUs must be properly identified from spatial data collected through field or remote sensors. Therefore, the delineation of DMUs may be considered as a spatial data clustering oriented process, in which a clustering solution corresponds to a map of DMUs. The computational approaches found in literature in order to assist in automating this process, usually based in fuzzy clustering algorithms, do not consider, for the most part, the geographic coordinates which compose the collected samples during their methods execution, which can make the DMU maps overly stratified. Therefore, it is possible to observe the lack of a consensus approach in the literature which may allow expert users to obtain DMU maps with minimum internal variability and which, at the same time, are easily interpreted by expert users. Given the above, the process for the delineation of DMUs in PA is discussed in this thesis, whose main contributions are: (i) the SD-Spatial internal validation criteria, which considers issues related to clusters cohesion and separation both in the attribute space and in the coordinate space; (ii) the SWMU Clustering spatial clustering approach, which explores in a weighted way the dissimilarities of the conventional and spatial attributes, using parameters provided by the expert user without the determinism of the solutions being impaired; and (iii) the complementary approach SWMU Polygon, which allows to represent the DMU maps in polygonal shape. Based on the experiments, the SWMU Clustering approach presented average gains of 31.94% in the validation measure considering both the attribute space and the coordinate space, in comparison to approaches using fuzzy clustering; and the complementary approach SWMU Polygon provided average performance gains of 61.14% in the retrieval of DMU maps stored in spatial databases.
Controle de sistemas não-Markovianos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-13)
Souza, Francys Andrews de
;
Pinto Júnior, Dorival Leão
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9633241446303620
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3181155176656676
In this thesis, we present a concrete methodology to calculate the epsilon-optimal controls for non-Markovian stochastic systems. A pathwise analysis and the use of the discretization structure proposed by Leão and Ohash jointly with measurable selection arguments, allows us a structure to transform an infinite dimensional problem into a finite dimensional. In this way, we guarantee a concrete description for a rather general class of stochastic problems.
Diretrizes para construção de políticas de acesso e permanência para programas de pós-graduação : o caso UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-13)
Lucifora, Leonardo de Souza e Silva
;
Ferraz, Maria Cristina Comunian
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2893153253924855
The main objective of this research was to construct guidelines for a future formulation of policies of access and permanence for students from disadvantaged economic sectors, based on the current legislation, that intend to enter in the courses of master academic and doctorate. This was done through the collection of information on the lattes platform and on institutional sites, both of free access, and also through questionnaires applied to undergraduate and graduate coordinators. It was also part of this objective to verify what are the current institutional policies geared specifically to graduate students. Finally, the following proposals for guidelines for actions for access were elaborated: a) Increased dissemination of UFSCar's research groups to motivate undergraduate students to join these groups; b) Offer of language courses for UFSCar undergraduates who wish to enter the master's and doctoral courses; c) Assistance in the elaboration of research projects, both at the undergraduate level (CI projects) and at the postgraduate level (Master's projects, mainly). Actions for permanence: d) Improvement of UFSCar infrastructure to meet people with special needs; e) Encouraging the active participation of postgraduate students in the discussions involving scholarship, housing, food and transportation; f) Expand the offer of scholarships that take into account socio-economic criteria, in addition to the academic criteria. For both of them: g) To create spaces for discussion at UFSCar that deal with the problems of access and permanence in postgraduate courses of students from economically disadvantaged social strata, involving teaching staff, technical-administrative staff, undergraduate students and graduate students.
Influência da variação da carga de treino resistido, sob o método de circuito, sobre o gasto energético e cinética da creatina quinase em homens adultos treinados e destreinados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-13)
Teixeira, Jeferson Américo Ancelmo
;
Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8806892353088352
Resistance training is characterized by the action against a resistance leading to a muscular stress, which can be generated by different methods, be they maximum, until the concentric failure or submaximal, finalized series before the concentric failure. In relation to the energy expenditure (EE), the literature suggests that there may be a point of proximity of the concentric failure in which the energy metabolized to the execution of each repetition becomes higher, even with the maintenance of the intensity. Another important aspect is the level of muscle injury determined by creatine kinase (CK), an indirect marker of muscle injury induced by exercise, however, the literature does not present studies comparing the blood CK response to RT with and without concentric failure. soon this study proposed to analyze the GE and the muscular damage in the conditions according to the protocol of 3 sessions of training with different volumes and weight of 20RM in 9 men trained and untrained. The energetic GE was measured by the collection of expired gases (aerobic component) and the anaerobic component was determined by the product of lactate variation (Δlac) by body weight, with Total expenditure being the sum of these two. Kinetics of blood CK were determined in collections performed before and 24h, 48h and 72h after each session. All data were analyzed using the software Statistic 7, normality was analyzed by the Kolmogorov- Smirnov test e homogeneity by Levene, a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey post-hoc was used for parametric variables and nonparametric variables were analyzed by Kruskal Walls ANOVA. Comparisons between groups were made with t student test. Significance level was established at 5% (p<0.05). The IFMR was significantly higher in all exercises for the trained group. In the 3 training sessions, trained group performed the higher training volume. Regarding EE, the untrained group has no difference between the 3 sessions while the trained group had higher EE in the 20rep session compared to the other sessions. CK kinetics peaked at 48h for all groups and training sessions and the highest values were found after 16rep for the untrained and 20rep for the trained. Since the CK / rep was higher in the sessions closer to the concentric failure.The result of the present study showed that it is not necessary for the untrained individuals to perform maximal training to obtain higher EE because they lose efficiency during training, which may have been due to a failure in the inter and intramuscular interaction that occurs through neural adaptation to training. For the trained individuals, the increase in the number of repetitions per series is an efficient strategy for the increase of the EE, since there is an increase of the expense that is closer to the failure, which was observed when analyzing the EE / rep. The CK concentration analysis also showed that there is no difference in the level of training, but it is larger the closer to failure. In addition, it is important to observe the peak of 48h for prescription of similar protocols.
Modelo de satisfação de estudantes na Educação Profissional : integrando qualidade em serviços, resultados da aprendizagem, empregabilidade, imagem, valor e lealdade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-14)
Silva, Jorge Henrique de Oliveira
;
Ganga, Gilberto Miller Devós
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9062191157466610
;
Mendes, Glauco Henrique de Sousa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7564259060572565
Student satisfaction is a response from the student evaluation regarding several aspects of the educational experience. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of service quality, learning outcomes, employability, value and institutional image on the satisfaction of students enrolled in Vocational Education, considering the multiple relationships between the mentioned factors and the impacts on the student loyalty. A conceptual model was proposed that differs from others because it adds two important constructs for the educational context - learning outcomes and employability. Both are especially relevant in Vocational Education. For the validation of the model, a quantitative survey was carried out with students enrolled in courses offered by the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo. A valid sample of 505 students was obtained. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling The results showed that the final model has a large capacity to explain the variation in factors related to student satisfaction. It was identified that educational quality of services and employability have the greatest effects on student satisfaction. While the value that the student attributes to the educational experience is mainly determined by learning outcomes. Theoretical and managerial implications are made.
O relacionamento entre qualidade em serviços, valor percebido, imagem corporativa e seus impactos na satisfação de clientes bancários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-15)
Favoretto, Camila
;
Mergulhão, Ricardo Coser
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0598720328915137
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2588486501752384
The service sector has gained prominence both in the Brazilian and in the world’s economies, impelling organizations to seek excellence in their service. Faced with this need, in the banking sector, institutions have emphasized a mutually beneficial relationship with their clients, in order to make the management of services a competitive differential. Service quality and customer satisfaction have been identified as key factors for competitiveness and customer retention. In this context, there is a challenge in understanding the relationships among the antecedent factors of customer satisfaction. In fact, previous research agrees neither on the direction nor on the degree of relationship of these factors, besides being studied in different countries and service sectors. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the multiple relationships among the constructs – service quality, perceived value, corporate image and customer satisfaction. For that, a literature review was carried out on the concepts pertinent to this research; the constructs were conceptualized individually, providing the theoretical basis for their operationalization. Then, the relations among them were evidenced by the statement of hypothetical links, thus specifying the theoretical model. After articulating the knowledge in a theoretical manner, in the city of Sorocaba-SP, a survey was conducted, using a questionnaire randomly applied to 136 clients of the banking services, which use at least one of the five largest Brazilian banks. Data analysis was performed through the structural equation modeling technique, in order to test the consistency of the hypotheses and to identify the direction of the relations. The results showed that service quality directly influences the perceived value and the corporate image and that the image directly impacts customer satisfaction, making it a potential mediating variable for the quality-satisfaction relationship. The direct relationship between quality and satisfaction as well as perceived value and satisfaction were not observed, considering the sample of this research and the levels of significance. Therefore, this study might be both theoretically and practically relevant. Such knowledge directs banking institutions to prioritize the allocation of resources and efforts on the corporate image. Through this factor, the expected implications related to customer satisfaction will be achieved directly. Simultaneously, banks must acknowledge that the delivery of high quality is an important driver of corporate image and perceived value. In the academic field, the study develops architecture of measurable indicators making it possible to evaluate the proposed constructs, besides constructing an explanatory theory in the understanding of the relations among them for the banking sector.
Dimensionamento da força de trabalho de servidores técnico-administrativos em universidades federais de ensino : um estudo de caso com aplicação piloto em uma unidade administrativa da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-15)
Migliati, Maria Inez Carpi
;
Ferraz, Maria Cristina Comunian
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2893153253924855
;
Côrtes, Mauro Rocha
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8988613760967305
The issue of workforce sizing, as part of human resource planning, is not something new, but in the public administration, and particularly in federal universities it becomes more complex. Having a scalability model, with clear and defined parameters and criteria, that provides the foundation and support for better decision making is essential. To comply with the provisions of Law No. 11,091/2005, dated January 12, 2005, which provides for the Career Plan for Technical-Administrative Positions in Education and Decree No. 5.825 / 2006, of 06/29/2006, and establishes the guidelines for the elaboration of the Plan of Development of the Members of the Career Plan of the Technical-Administrative Positions in Education, federal universities should carry out the dimensioning of the technical-administrative servers’ workforce. However, in the face of complexity, most universities do not have a design model for the allocation of vacancies. This work presents and describes a model for designing a public higher education university, applying it as a pilot, in an administrative unit of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), identifying possible weaknesses and possibilities regarding its application. The used methodology refers to the qualitative approach, based, for the most part, on secondary data. The analyzed and applied model proved useful for the institution to know better the workforce of its technical-administrative servers; to raise the profile and competencies of the servers and the units, enabling the identification of training needs in line with the real needs of UFSCar, to verify the needs of redefinition of the units' structures, as well as to map and review processes already mapped.
A experiência da democracia participativa em Ribeirão Preto : estudo de caso no Conselho Municipal da Saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-15)
Rodrigues, Renato Cesar Assef
;
Cepêda, Vera Alves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4917331423373631
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7913944810985741
Encouraged by the Federal Constitution and the federal legislation that followed its promulgation, the experience of participatory democracy involved the creation of municipal councils, the holding of conferences, public consultations and hearings aimed at discussing public policies, the use of resources, and focuses of its and legitimacy of acts of the Public Power that require popular approval. Popular participation appears as a way to bring the citizen closer to the government and the opportunity of the real defense of collective interests, but whose realization is not without problems. The popular participation must overcome several obstacles in the search of its effectiveness not to become mere instrument of manipulation of the governments of turn in the sense of only legitimizing administrative practices and laws. Based on this scenario, the objectives of this work are: 1) to analyze from the theoretical point of view and the political discussion the advantages and limits of the concrete experience of implementing mechanisms and spaces of participatory democracy; 2) to analyze the experience of a particular context - Ribeirão Preto - by examining the institution, operation and performance of the City Health Council, especially in assessing the degree of popular intervention in the administrative actions discussed within this participatory institution. The expectation of this dissertation is to understand the effectiveness of the broad proposal of participatory democracy based on the analysis of a specific case that combines the area of Health, the scope of a council (deliberative) in a medium-sized municipality (Ribeirão Preto).
Estimação de funções do redshift de galáxias com base em dados fotométricos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-18)
Ferreira, Gretta Rossi
;
Izbicki, Rafael
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9991192137633896
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4529763108510595
In a substantial amount of astronomy problems, we are interested in estimating values assumed of some unknown quantity z ∈ R, for many function g, based on covariates x ∈ R^d. This is made using a sample (X1,Z1), ... ,(Xn,Zn). Two approaches that are usually used to solve this problem consist in (1) estimating a regression function of Z in x and plugging it into the g or (2) estimating a conditional density f(z|x) and plugging it into integral of g(z)f(z|x)dz. Unfortunately, few studies exhibit quantitative comparisons between these two approaches. Besides that, few conditional density estimation methods had their performance compared in these problems. In view of this, the objective of this work is to show several comparisons of techniques used to estimate functions of unknown quantity. In particular we highlight nonparametric methods. In addition to estimators (1) and (2), we also propose a new approach that consists in directly estimating the regression function from g (Z) on x . These approaches were tested in different functions in the DEEP2 and Sheldon 2012 datasets. For almost all the functions tested, the estimator (1) obtained the worst results, except when we use the random forests methods. In several cases, the proposed new approach presented better results, as well as the estimator (2). In particular, we verified that random forests methods generally present to good results.
Efeitos do campo magnético sobre processos de corrosão em aço AISI 1020
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-19)
Oliveira, Aloadir Lucas Santos de
;
Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
;
Oliveira, Adilson Jesus Aparecido de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4640148190073166
In this dissertation the effects of the application of magnetic field during the electrochemical reactions of corrosion in samples of steel AISI 1020 in KNO_3 solution were investigated. The experiments were measurements of open circuit potential and linear scanning voltammetries, with and without magnetic field applied. After each experiment, optical microscopy images of the surfaces of the electrodes ware taken. Computational simulations of the magnetic and electric fields were performed around a steel sample with the purpose of simulating the experimental conditions. The results showed, at the same time, the magnetic field, there was modification of the corrosion potential to more positive values. In addition, as electrode images show that in the condition of magnetic field applied there were changes in the formation of oxide film due to corrosion, when compared to the situation without applied magnetic field. The computational simulations showed that the magnetic and electric fields generate a Lorentz force around the steel sample with different divisions on either side of the flat surface of the disk. This asymmetry may explain the morphology of the oxide film grown due to corrosion.
Métricas sobre o Estado : por uma sociologia da classificação do risco de crédito soberano brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-21)
Bichoffe, Ana Carolina
;
Grün, Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6028266827740491
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1464945031495214
This thesis deals with a set of questions and an analytical perspective that are relatively recent in the frameworks of contemporary international economic and financial sociologies and is underrepresented, at least at a first glance, in the national institutional picture. The research addresses the profound transformations that financial metrics and classifications have produced, at different rates, in the contemporary Sovereign States. The enunciation of classifications, metrics and statistics as a reference for the construction and justification of realities in different scenarios in the contemporary social life, reverberates even more when it comes to the economic and financial dimensions of Sovereign States. Thus, the proposition of these devices in this specific space is based on the justification of two orders: the objective and efficient orientation of decision-making and the minimization of the implied risks of this decision. Thus, these devices may be understood as intentional instruments of creation and implementation of cultural and political order, that is, systems of rules that facilitate the coordination and cooperation of social actors in situations of uncertainty that determine the distribution of costs and benefits of collective action. Based on the theoretical conceptions of governmentality and performativity, the research constructed a narrative about how an abstract and polysemic conception of the notion of risk culminates in an objective proposition of sovereign credit risk. The singular dimension addressed in the research is that the emergence of this modern notion of risk is simultaneously accompanied by metric devices of classification, evaluation and control. In the Brazilian case, this key between the ideal of credit risk and the classification devices echoes in the tensions and disputes that arise in the economic-financial space. The importance of the state in the governmentality of devices is undeniable. By inducing markets to use risk rating metrics, given their regulation role, states become targets of these same devices as they enter the sovereign bond market. Thus, in addition to the credit risk narrative, another contribution of the study is the construction of a reference framework on the institutionalization of the Public Debt Securities Market in Brazil. The research proposes a way to reflect on how the notions of credit risk, metrics and finances have become fundamental institutions for contemporary states.
Papel da Anandamida na modulação supraespinal da nocicepção e da antinocicepção induzida pelo estresse de derrota social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-22)
Mascarenhas, Diego Cardozo
;
Gomes, Karina Santos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0502041750112196
;
Souza, Ricardo Luiz Nunes de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2475842684688693
Anandamide (AEA), initially considered an endocannabinoid, has recently been described as a vanilloid agonist capable of modulating acute pain in brain regions such as the periaqueductal gray (PAG). In this context, AEA role in pain management is complex, since TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1) and CB1 (cannabinoid receptors type 1) stimulation led to paradoxical effects on nociception. Moreover, acute stress, such as the social defeat, releases this compound into the PAG, making relevant its implication in the stress-induced antinociception phenomenon. Finally, the phosphorylation status of TRPV1 influences its sensitivity to AEA, which is a possible mechanism responsible for the potency and/or time length of AEA-dependent stress-induced antinociception. Herein, we have attempted to vector exogenous AEA to different receptors (i.e., TRPV1 or CB1) into mice dorsal PAG (dPAG) to reach antinociception; in addition present study aimed at elucidating the implications of local endogenous AEA in the social defeat-induced antinociception. The tail-flick test was chosen to assess acute pain. Accordingly, this CB1/TRPV1 agonist injected into mice dPAG did not change nociception. In contrast, local injections of WIN and capsaicin induced a marked CB1- and TRPV1-dependent antinociceptive effect in mice, respectively. Interestingly, only under cannabinoid blockade within mice dPAG, local AEA revealed a clear antinociceptive profile, suggesting a prominent role of this compound when it selectively binds with TRPV1. In terms of social defeat-induced antinociception, intra-dPAG blockade of either TRPV1 or CB1 attenuated the high magnitude stress-induced antinociception. Finally, intra-dPAG injections of cyclosporine A (CsA – a drug that renders TRPV1 phosphorylated, i.e., sensitive to endovanilloids) potentiated and prolonged the social defeat-induced antinociception suggesting that this mechanism of phosphorylation is pivotal to the expression of antinociception via vanilloid substrates. In conclusion, it seems that vectoring AEA to the vanilloid substrate is an interesting tool to address acute pain and perhaps translational science. Moreover, the social defeat-induced antinociception (i) seems to be subjected to a partial vanilloid/cannabinoid modulation and (ii) its magnitude and time length depend on the TRPV1 phosphorylation.
Estudo da viabilidade de equipamento LIBS-LIF contínuo para aumento do limite de detecção do mercúrio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-22)
Souza, Daniele de
;
Milori, Débora Marcondes Bastos Pereira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7400112076142555
;
Marangoni, Bruno Spolon
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6381229903897164
This work aims to verify the feasibility of a continuous LIBS-LIF equipment construction at 405 nm for heavy metals analysis, focusing on mercury. We have studied experimentally a diode laser of a continuous light source (377 nm), which interferes in the process of formation and development of the plasma. The evolution of the temperature, electron density, scattering and increase of the spectral intensities were analyzed, but no alteration was observed. Qualitative explanations for the absence of interference and the benefits of this system were presented. Pumping rate considering a two-level atomic system was qualitatively analyzed. Preliminary results showed that continuous LIBS-LIF system is able to increase sensitivity by up to 2 orders of magnitude over pulsed LIBS-LIF. Absence of interference in plasma evolution allows the use of the same wavelength for the excitation and measurement, which is not feasible in the current pulsed systems.
Eficiência técnica e ambiental da pecuária leiteira na região do Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-26)
Silva, Camila Stefaní de Sousa
;
Bragagnolo, Cassiano
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3604206454925741
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0845447487535222
Milk production is one of the main economic activities in Brazil generating jobs and income to many people. According to estimates made with the Agriculture and Livestock Census 2006, this activity employs around 3.6 millions of people. In 2015, the milk production in Brazil was 35 billion liters. Among the Brazilian states, Minas Gerais stands out for being the biggest milk producer of the country, achieving 9.14 billion liters in 2015. Considering only the state of Minas Gerais, the regions “Triângulo Mineiro” and the “Alto Paranaíba” stand out, producing 25% of the amount of the whole state in the same year (2015). Given the economic importance of milk production to the country and to the regions mentioned, this work estimated a stochastic frontier production, using econometric analysis in order to evaluate the technical and environmental efficiency of the market of milk production in the regions “Triângulo Mineiro” and “Alto Paranaíba”. In order to estimate the frontiers of technical and environmental efficiency, the methodology exposed by Reinhard, Lovell and Thjssen (1999) was used, Translog and a mean inefficiency function. The data used was provided by Educampo/SEBRAE with information of 178 milk producers of the analyzed region, in 2016. The average of technical efficiency of the farms is 89% and the environmental efficiency is 73%. In addition, through Spearman's correlation, it was found that there is a positive correlation between technical and environmental technique.
Relative differential cohomology
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-27)
Rocha Barriga, Juan Carlos
;
Ruffino, Fabio Ferrari
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2512107188781159
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2243065443914182
We briefly review the classical construction of the Cheeger-Simons characters, the Deligne cohomology groups and the differential K-theory groups, which are representatives of the absolute differential refinement of the corresponding cohomology theories. We present the axiomatic framework for the differential refinement of a generic cohomology theory in the absolute case, together with the important results of existence and uniqueness developed by Bunke and Schick. Motivated by the introduction of the relative Cheeger-Simons characters, we propose a suitable set of axioms for the relative differential extension of a cohomology theory, we construct a family of long exact sequences involving the differential groups and we extend to the relative case the results of existence and uniqueness. Furthermore, we generalize the notion of Cheeger-Simons character to any cohomology theory and we extend to the relative case the construction of the integration map.
Sustentabilidade na gestão dos recursos hídricos: os casos de Quito e São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-27)
Martone, Gabriel Braga
;
Cardoso, André Coimbra Felix
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5070278488167612
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0723954135941063
One of the biggest challenges to the environmental crisis that society is facing, markedly in recent decades, is the shortage of water to supply human needs and consequently the precariousness of working all water-dependent processes. Diverse proposals have arisen in response to this challenge. Despite the intrinsic merit of these plans, those that provide systemic and sustainable solutions stand out. Water funds are established structures for investments in conservation and maintenance of the ecosystem service "water supply" and are organized through specific governance structures, which involve the people in the localities where the fund operates and integration between the different power spheres of society, including public and private. This work aims to study this approach, which is an important strategy for the sustainable management of water resources. In the light of a theoretical model, called the Five Level Framework, this study analyzes the management for the sustainable development of two specific cases, the Water Fund of the city of Quito, Ecuador and São Paulo, in Brazil. For that, secondary data and management documents of both Funds were evaluated, having as a model of evaluation and systematization of the results a theoretical model, denominated Five Level Framework. The comparison of the results of the two Funds was also able to establish as a product a generic model for the evaluation of the sustainability of Water Funds. As a conclusion, the evaluation of the results showed that this management approach favors the improvement of systemic environmental, social and economic conditions within a long term perspective, making possible an increase of sustainability for society and the environment.
Avaliação da distribuição de empreendimentos potencialmente poluidores e do uso de mapas de áreas prioritárias, no processo de licenciamento ambiental do Estado de São Paulo, entre os anos de 2000 e 2015
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-27)
Galbiati, Lígia Amoroso
;
Alexandrino, Eduardo Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8328346468875255
;
Fernandes, Marcelo Adorna
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6709493251686592
The loss of biodiversity is one of the worst crises in the current world. Brazil is responsible for the management of a high biodiversity; the Brazilian State recognizes the value of this diversity and tries to preserve it through environmental legislation. Starting with the Law 6.938 / 1981 (the National Environment Policy - NEP) Brazil established legal and technical instruments that help to control environmental impacts resulting from anthropic activities. In a context of high biological diversity living side by side with economic activities of high environmental impact, and after more than three decades of establishing the NEP, this research has proposed to evaluate how the environmental licensing process dialogues with other NEP instruments, among them, the determination of priority areas for conservation in the State of São Paulo. To do so, a survey of Environmental Impacts Assessment (EIA) submitted to the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB) between 2000 and 2015 was carried out and the location of the proposed enterprises and their distribution in the state of São Paulo was evaluated. We also evaluated how much these enterprises have overlapped priority areas for conservation in the State. During the survey, 370 EIAs were submitted, the majority presented between 2007 and 2010, from which 254 were approved. The alcohol and sugar mills were the most numerous enterprises, followed by utilities, housing estates and mining enterprises. It was possible to obtain the geographic coordinates of 168 enterprises, and distribution patterns were found according to the type of activity, with alcohol and sugar mills occupying the center/north of the State, utilities with less aggregate distribution, housing in the metropolitan region of São Paulo and the mining activities are located more to the southeast of the State.The distance of natural resources varied according to the type of enterprise, with an average of 1322 meters of water resources, 834 meters of remaining forest and 15,867 meters of Conservation Units. Through the analysis of the enterprise overlapping priority areas for conservation, it was verified that even after the publication of the maps and their reception by the legislation, 19 presented intention to be installed in these areas. In the analysis of the EIA and the processes of request of Previous License, it was observed that the maps have been mentioned, nevertheless, the context of use is, in general, directed to the environmental compensation and mitigation of impacts, and not for prevention of the possible damages arising from the installation of these ventures in these areas. The distribution pattern of the projects, their proximity of natural resources and the overlapping with priority areas, in the context of high degradation of the ecosystems of the State of São Paulo, demonstrates the need to give greater importance to the cumulative effects of the projects and the analysis of locational alternatives in EIAs to support the decision-making process. The high rate of prior license issuance indicates that the licensing process is still flawed and relies heavily on the prospect of mitigation and compensation for damages rather than preventing them from happening,
Avaliação dos fatores de influência na implementação e no desempenho acadêmico do Câmpus São José dos Campos do IFSP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-27)
Novais, Natália Helena dos Santos
;
Molina, Wagner de Souza Leite
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5939243693407420
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5874646637353861
Education is at the heart of the State's concerns, given its essential role in the development of a country. In the last years, the public policy that has stood out in the education is the creation / transformation of the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology (IF's). The creation of these institutions opened space for the discussion of IF’s as public educational policy, making clear the need to analyze how effective the application of such policy has been. It is in this context that the present research is inserted, which to analyze the implementation process of the Campus of the Federal Institute of São Paulo in São José dos Campos. At the outset, a brief bibliographical review was made on the following points: public policies and implementation of public policies, on the historical process of creation of the federal institutes, highlighting the guiding elements of this process, and on the networks and the implementation of the policy of vocational education. In a second moment, the case study itself is presented, that is the implementation process of Campus São José dos Campos and its specificities. Subsequently, the data obtained through the application of questionnaires and interviews were presented and discussed. Finally, the final considerations were exposed, highlighting the existence of a low interaction of the Campus actors with the external community, a factor that may hinder the development of their activities. It is suggested, among other aspects, the establishment of partnerships and the holding of meetings and events outside the unit to order to establish a closer relationship with the community and reduce the difficulties faced in relation to its location.