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Efeitos do campo magnético sobre processos de corrosão em aço AISI 1020
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-19)
Oliveira, Aloadir Lucas Santos de
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Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
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Oliveira, Adilson Jesus Aparecido de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4640148190073166
In this dissertation the effects of the application of magnetic field during the electrochemical reactions of corrosion in samples of steel AISI 1020 in KNO_3 solution were investigated. The experiments were measurements of open circuit potential and linear scanning voltammetries, with and without magnetic field applied. After each experiment, optical microscopy images of the surfaces of the electrodes ware taken. Computational simulations of the magnetic and electric fields were performed around a steel sample with the purpose of simulating the experimental conditions. The results showed, at the same time, the magnetic field, there was modification of the corrosion potential to more positive values. In addition, as electrode images show that in the condition of magnetic field applied there were changes in the formation of oxide film due to corrosion, when compared to the situation without applied magnetic field. The computational simulations showed that the magnetic and electric fields generate a Lorentz force around the steel sample with different divisions on either side of the flat surface of the disk. This asymmetry may explain the morphology of the oxide film grown due to corrosion.
Métricas sobre o Estado : por uma sociologia da classificação do risco de crédito soberano brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-21)
Bichoffe, Ana Carolina
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Grün, Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6028266827740491
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1464945031495214
This thesis deals with a set of questions and an analytical perspective that are relatively recent in the frameworks of contemporary international economic and financial sociologies and is underrepresented, at least at a first glance, in the national institutional picture. The research addresses the profound transformations that financial metrics and classifications have produced, at different rates, in the contemporary Sovereign States. The enunciation of classifications, metrics and statistics as a reference for the construction and justification of realities in different scenarios in the contemporary social life, reverberates even more when it comes to the economic and financial dimensions of Sovereign States. Thus, the proposition of these devices in this specific space is based on the justification of two orders: the objective and efficient orientation of decision-making and the minimization of the implied risks of this decision. Thus, these devices may be understood as intentional instruments of creation and implementation of cultural and political order, that is, systems of rules that facilitate the coordination and cooperation of social actors in situations of uncertainty that determine the distribution of costs and benefits of collective action. Based on the theoretical conceptions of governmentality and performativity, the research constructed a narrative about how an abstract and polysemic conception of the notion of risk culminates in an objective proposition of sovereign credit risk. The singular dimension addressed in the research is that the emergence of this modern notion of risk is simultaneously accompanied by metric devices of classification, evaluation and control. In the Brazilian case, this key between the ideal of credit risk and the classification devices echoes in the tensions and disputes that arise in the economic-financial space. The importance of the state in the governmentality of devices is undeniable. By inducing markets to use risk rating metrics, given their regulation role, states become targets of these same devices as they enter the sovereign bond market. Thus, in addition to the credit risk narrative, another contribution of the study is the construction of a reference framework on the institutionalization of the Public Debt Securities Market in Brazil. The research proposes a way to reflect on how the notions of credit risk, metrics and finances have become fundamental institutions for contemporary states.
Papel da Anandamida na modulação supraespinal da nocicepção e da antinocicepção induzida pelo estresse de derrota social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-22)
Mascarenhas, Diego Cardozo
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Gomes, Karina Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0502041750112196
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Souza, Ricardo Luiz Nunes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2475842684688693
Anandamide (AEA), initially considered an endocannabinoid, has recently been described as a vanilloid agonist capable of modulating acute pain in brain regions such as the periaqueductal gray (PAG). In this context, AEA role in pain management is complex, since TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1) and CB1 (cannabinoid receptors type 1) stimulation led to paradoxical effects on nociception. Moreover, acute stress, such as the social defeat, releases this compound into the PAG, making relevant its implication in the stress-induced antinociception phenomenon. Finally, the phosphorylation status of TRPV1 influences its sensitivity to AEA, which is a possible mechanism responsible for the potency and/or time length of AEA-dependent stress-induced antinociception. Herein, we have attempted to vector exogenous AEA to different receptors (i.e., TRPV1 or CB1) into mice dorsal PAG (dPAG) to reach antinociception; in addition present study aimed at elucidating the implications of local endogenous AEA in the social defeat-induced antinociception. The tail-flick test was chosen to assess acute pain. Accordingly, this CB1/TRPV1 agonist injected into mice dPAG did not change nociception. In contrast, local injections of WIN and capsaicin induced a marked CB1- and TRPV1-dependent antinociceptive effect in mice, respectively. Interestingly, only under cannabinoid blockade within mice dPAG, local AEA revealed a clear antinociceptive profile, suggesting a prominent role of this compound when it selectively binds with TRPV1. In terms of social defeat-induced antinociception, intra-dPAG blockade of either TRPV1 or CB1 attenuated the high magnitude stress-induced antinociception. Finally, intra-dPAG injections of cyclosporine A (CsA – a drug that renders TRPV1 phosphorylated, i.e., sensitive to endovanilloids) potentiated and prolonged the social defeat-induced antinociception suggesting that this mechanism of phosphorylation is pivotal to the expression of antinociception via vanilloid substrates. In conclusion, it seems that vectoring AEA to the vanilloid substrate is an interesting tool to address acute pain and perhaps translational science. Moreover, the social defeat-induced antinociception (i) seems to be subjected to a partial vanilloid/cannabinoid modulation and (ii) its magnitude and time length depend on the TRPV1 phosphorylation.
Estudo da viabilidade de equipamento LIBS-LIF contínuo para aumento do limite de detecção do mercúrio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-22)
Souza, Daniele de
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Milori, Débora Marcondes Bastos Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7400112076142555
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Marangoni, Bruno Spolon
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6381229903897164
This work aims to verify the feasibility of a continuous LIBS-LIF equipment construction at 405 nm for heavy metals analysis, focusing on mercury. We have studied experimentally a diode laser of a continuous light source (377 nm), which interferes in the process of formation and development of the plasma. The evolution of the temperature, electron density, scattering and increase of the spectral intensities were analyzed, but no alteration was observed. Qualitative explanations for the absence of interference and the benefits of this system were presented. Pumping rate considering a two-level atomic system was qualitatively analyzed. Preliminary results showed that continuous LIBS-LIF system is able to increase sensitivity by up to 2 orders of magnitude over pulsed LIBS-LIF. Absence of interference in plasma evolution allows the use of the same wavelength for the excitation and measurement, which is not feasible in the current pulsed systems.
Eficiência técnica e ambiental da pecuária leiteira na região do Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-26)
Silva, Camila Stefaní de Sousa
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Bragagnolo, Cassiano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3604206454925741
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0845447487535222
Milk production is one of the main economic activities in Brazil generating jobs and income to many people. According to estimates made with the Agriculture and Livestock Census 2006, this activity employs around 3.6 millions of people. In 2015, the milk production in Brazil was 35 billion liters. Among the Brazilian states, Minas Gerais stands out for being the biggest milk producer of the country, achieving 9.14 billion liters in 2015. Considering only the state of Minas Gerais, the regions “Triângulo Mineiro” and the “Alto Paranaíba” stand out, producing 25% of the amount of the whole state in the same year (2015). Given the economic importance of milk production to the country and to the regions mentioned, this work estimated a stochastic frontier production, using econometric analysis in order to evaluate the technical and environmental efficiency of the market of milk production in the regions “Triângulo Mineiro” and “Alto Paranaíba”. In order to estimate the frontiers of technical and environmental efficiency, the methodology exposed by Reinhard, Lovell and Thjssen (1999) was used, Translog and a mean inefficiency function. The data used was provided by Educampo/SEBRAE with information of 178 milk producers of the analyzed region, in 2016. The average of technical efficiency of the farms is 89% and the environmental efficiency is 73%. In addition, through Spearman's correlation, it was found that there is a positive correlation between technical and environmental technique.
Relative differential cohomology
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-27)
Rocha Barriga, Juan Carlos
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Ruffino, Fabio Ferrari
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2512107188781159
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2243065443914182
We briefly review the classical construction of the Cheeger-Simons characters, the Deligne cohomology groups and the differential K-theory groups, which are representatives of the absolute differential refinement of the corresponding cohomology theories. We present the axiomatic framework for the differential refinement of a generic cohomology theory in the absolute case, together with the important results of existence and uniqueness developed by Bunke and Schick. Motivated by the introduction of the relative Cheeger-Simons characters, we propose a suitable set of axioms for the relative differential extension of a cohomology theory, we construct a family of long exact sequences involving the differential groups and we extend to the relative case the results of existence and uniqueness. Furthermore, we generalize the notion of Cheeger-Simons character to any cohomology theory and we extend to the relative case the construction of the integration map.
Sustentabilidade na gestão dos recursos hídricos: os casos de Quito e São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-27)
Martone, Gabriel Braga
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Cardoso, André Coimbra Felix
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5070278488167612
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0723954135941063
One of the biggest challenges to the environmental crisis that society is facing, markedly in recent decades, is the shortage of water to supply human needs and consequently the precariousness of working all water-dependent processes. Diverse proposals have arisen in response to this challenge. Despite the intrinsic merit of these plans, those that provide systemic and sustainable solutions stand out. Water funds are established structures for investments in conservation and maintenance of the ecosystem service "water supply" and are organized through specific governance structures, which involve the people in the localities where the fund operates and integration between the different power spheres of society, including public and private. This work aims to study this approach, which is an important strategy for the sustainable management of water resources. In the light of a theoretical model, called the Five Level Framework, this study analyzes the management for the sustainable development of two specific cases, the Water Fund of the city of Quito, Ecuador and São Paulo, in Brazil. For that, secondary data and management documents of both Funds were evaluated, having as a model of evaluation and systematization of the results a theoretical model, denominated Five Level Framework. The comparison of the results of the two Funds was also able to establish as a product a generic model for the evaluation of the sustainability of Water Funds. As a conclusion, the evaluation of the results showed that this management approach favors the improvement of systemic environmental, social and economic conditions within a long term perspective, making possible an increase of sustainability for society and the environment.
Avaliação da distribuição de empreendimentos potencialmente poluidores e do uso de mapas de áreas prioritárias, no processo de licenciamento ambiental do Estado de São Paulo, entre os anos de 2000 e 2015
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-27)
Galbiati, Lígia Amoroso
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Alexandrino, Eduardo Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8328346468875255
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Fernandes, Marcelo Adorna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6709493251686592
The loss of biodiversity is one of the worst crises in the current world. Brazil is responsible for the management of a high biodiversity; the Brazilian State recognizes the value of this diversity and tries to preserve it through environmental legislation. Starting with the Law 6.938 / 1981 (the National Environment Policy - NEP) Brazil established legal and technical instruments that help to control environmental impacts resulting from anthropic activities. In a context of high biological diversity living side by side with economic activities of high environmental impact, and after more than three decades of establishing the NEP, this research has proposed to evaluate how the environmental licensing process dialogues with other NEP instruments, among them, the determination of priority areas for conservation in the State of São Paulo. To do so, a survey of Environmental Impacts Assessment (EIA) submitted to the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB) between 2000 and 2015 was carried out and the location of the proposed enterprises and their distribution in the state of São Paulo was evaluated. We also evaluated how much these enterprises have overlapped priority areas for conservation in the State. During the survey, 370 EIAs were submitted, the majority presented between 2007 and 2010, from which 254 were approved. The alcohol and sugar mills were the most numerous enterprises, followed by utilities, housing estates and mining enterprises. It was possible to obtain the geographic coordinates of 168 enterprises, and distribution patterns were found according to the type of activity, with alcohol and sugar mills occupying the center/north of the State, utilities with less aggregate distribution, housing in the metropolitan region of São Paulo and the mining activities are located more to the southeast of the State.The distance of natural resources varied according to the type of enterprise, with an average of 1322 meters of water resources, 834 meters of remaining forest and 15,867 meters of Conservation Units. Through the analysis of the enterprise overlapping priority areas for conservation, it was verified that even after the publication of the maps and their reception by the legislation, 19 presented intention to be installed in these areas. In the analysis of the EIA and the processes of request of Previous License, it was observed that the maps have been mentioned, nevertheless, the context of use is, in general, directed to the environmental compensation and mitigation of impacts, and not for prevention of the possible damages arising from the installation of these ventures in these areas. The distribution pattern of the projects, their proximity of natural resources and the overlapping with priority areas, in the context of high degradation of the ecosystems of the State of São Paulo, demonstrates the need to give greater importance to the cumulative effects of the projects and the analysis of locational alternatives in EIAs to support the decision-making process. The high rate of prior license issuance indicates that the licensing process is still flawed and relies heavily on the prospect of mitigation and compensation for damages rather than preventing them from happening,
Avaliação dos fatores de influência na implementação e no desempenho acadêmico do Câmpus São José dos Campos do IFSP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-27)
Novais, Natália Helena dos Santos
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Molina, Wagner de Souza Leite
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5939243693407420
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5874646637353861
Education is at the heart of the State's concerns, given its essential role in the development of a country. In the last years, the public policy that has stood out in the education is the creation / transformation of the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology (IF's). The creation of these institutions opened space for the discussion of IF’s as public educational policy, making clear the need to analyze how effective the application of such policy has been. It is in this context that the present research is inserted, which to analyze the implementation process of the Campus of the Federal Institute of São Paulo in São José dos Campos. At the outset, a brief bibliographical review was made on the following points: public policies and implementation of public policies, on the historical process of creation of the federal institutes, highlighting the guiding elements of this process, and on the networks and the implementation of the policy of vocational education. In a second moment, the case study itself is presented, that is the implementation process of Campus São José dos Campos and its specificities. Subsequently, the data obtained through the application of questionnaires and interviews were presented and discussed. Finally, the final considerations were exposed, highlighting the existence of a low interaction of the Campus actors with the external community, a factor that may hinder the development of their activities. It is suggested, among other aspects, the establishment of partnerships and the holding of meetings and events outside the unit to order to establish a closer relationship with the community and reduce the difficulties faced in relation to its location.
Indução de resistência por Bacillus amyloliquefaciens e Lactobacillus paracasei à Phytophthora nicotianae em porta-enxertos de citros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-28)
Costa, Wesley Luiz Fialho
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Kupper, Katia Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7900622063392740
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8451987154093347
Citriculture is one of the most important crops influencing the agricultural trade balance. It is estimated that half of the orange juice consumed in the world is produced in Brazilian orchards. In the last years the citriculture has been suffering from many risk factors, such as high incidence of pests and diseases. The introduction of Huanglongbing in Brazil raised the costs of spraying in the last years, besides leading to the eradication of several citrus trees. Thus, the replacement of these threes has made seedlings the main input in citriculture. In nursery seedlings, Phytophthora spp. Pathogens that causes citrus gummy are of great importance, but difficult to control because there are few effective active ingredients. The biological control has been showing good results in controlling these diseases using antagonistic bacteria, although stills incipient. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of the two bacterial isolates Lactobacillus paracasei and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in inducing the production of phenolic compounds and activating defense enzymes of two citrus rootstocks Phytophthora nicotianae. Seeds of Citrus sunki and Poncirus trifoliata, susceptible and resistant to P. nicotianae, respectively, were microbiolized with the bacteria in three assays. The substrate was inoculated with the phytopathogen at 75 days after sowing (assay 2), and the lap region was inoculated at 90 days after sowing (assay 3). The plant shoot was used to quantify the enzymes polyphenoxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and phenolic compounds. P. sunki plants non-inoculated with P. nicotianae (assay 1) showed higher levels of enzymatic activity of all enzymes, except POD, and plants inoculated with B. v amyloliquefaciens presented high activity of PAL and PPO. Plants inoculated with L. paracasei showed higher concentration of phenolic compounds. All C. sunki grown in substrate inoculated with P. nicotianae presented an increased in the enzymatic activity. PPO and PAL showed higher level of activity in the treatments with the bacteria, and there was accumulation of phenolic compounds. In P. trifoliata there was high activity of POD in plants treated with B. amyloliquefaciens. High activity if PAL was observed after inoculation by P. nicotianae in all treatments. C. sunki plants inoculated in lap region (assay 3) showed higher severity, and presented higher activity of POD and concentration of phenolic compounds when treated with B. amyloliquefaciens. In conclusion, L. paracasei and B. amyloliquefaciens activated the defense system of citrus plants, however the enzymatic activity depends on the variety of the rootstock and if the plants were inoculated with the phytopathogen.
Correlação estrutura x propriedades de transporte de CO2 em membranas de poli(éterimida)/líquido iônico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-28)
Vedovello, Priscila
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Silva, Caio Marcio Paranhos da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793686262868668
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-0585
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9302582991403254
The increase in the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the burning of fossil fuels contributes directly to changes in the environment. For post-combustion CO2 capture, the use of polymer membranes has gained prominence over conventional technologies adopted. Ionic liquids (LIs) have a high sorption capacity of CO2, which has led to the development of CO2-based CO2 capture systems supported on polymer membranes. This research aimed to the development of membranes based on poly (etherimide) (PEI) containing LI of imidazolic base, aiming at the analysis of the correlation structure versus gas transport property. The preparation of the PEI membranes was carried out via casting with the incorporation of LI. Characterizations were developed to establish correlations between structure and properties through FTIR; DSC; TGA; and techniques for the determination of transport properties were performed in order to analyze local interactions in polymer systems by means of water vapor permeation (WVT) tests; CO2 Sorption and Resorption and O2 and CO2 Permeation. Verified the influence of the heat treatment on the internal structure and the transport properties. The results indicated that the presence of IL in the PEI matrix significantly altered the structural and transport characteristics of the membranes analyzed.
Regeneração de rejeito espuma de SBR através de extrusão no estado sólido e incorporação em SBR virgem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-29)
Tozzi, Kaique Afonso
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Canto, Leonardo Bresciani
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7287108960864123
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Scuracchio, Carlos Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0896060959622431
The objective of the present work is the study of the recycling of vulcanized rubber foam waste from the footwear industry through the solid state extrusion process known as Solid State Shear Extrusion (SSSE). The industrial waste, previously ground in the industry responsible for its supply, was characterized in terms of particle size, density and amount of mineral fillers and then regenerated by SSSE. The influence of the process temperature on the material reclaiming was investigated using different temperature profiles in the extruder. The presence of a possible devulcanization agent during extrusion was also studied, in this case with the presence of benzoyl peroxide. After subjecting material to the SSSE process under various conditions of temperature and peroxide quantity, the waste was characterized in terms of soluble content by Sohxlet Extraction in Toluol, and its granulometry classified by sieving. The next stage of the work consisted in the study of the re-incorporation of the regenerated material under the different process conditions in the random copolymer styrene-butadiene rubber, SBR, in the amount of 40 phr of reclaimed rubber, along with vulcanization reagents for later vulcanization. By way of comparison, composition with the original waste rubber (without reclaiming) was also prepared. The compositions were molded and revulcanized by compression molding at a temperature determined by Differential Exploratory Calorimetry and oscillatory disk rheometry. From the molded plates, specimens were obtained by stamping and subjected to mechanical tensile tests and crosslinks density. Comparing the results, especially the mechanical properties, of the regenerated and non-regenerated waste compositions, the advantages of the use of regeneration of the rubber residues by SSSE were evident. From the results, it was also possible to hypothesize about the mechanisms of regeneration and devulcanization involved in the process, which may be useful in the implementation of the reuse process.
Aplicação de programação linear na seleção de carteiras de investimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-29)
Siervo, Juliano Squarsone Di
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Carvalho, Silvia Maria Simões de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8244087426759161
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9320252348695637
It is shown in this dissertation the applicability of Harry M. Markowitz´s Modern Theory, allied to Operation Research, in the diversification of actions in an investment portfolio, minimizing its total risk in a given expected feedback. So, Linear Programming is used in order to model the portfolio´s variance, and the Simplex Method to determine the optimized portfolio. In a second step, Quadract Programming is used in order to model the portfolio´s variance and the model is implemented in the software MATLAB. Based on the results, their relevance an advantages are discussed.
Mapeamentos geoambientais, em escala 1:50.000, aplicados em análises de planejamento territorial de manancial periurbano : bacia do Ribeirão do Feijão, São Carlos, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-29)
Costa, Carlos Wilmer
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Lorandi, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7794241793056671
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6913631503818679
The fact that Ribeirão do Feijão basin (243.16km²) is a source of water supply for the city of São Carlos, the disorderly and, many times, chaotic urban sprawl, and the occurrence in its majority of the Botucatu Formation, were the reasons for this work. This way, studies involving physical medium (rocks, climate, relief, soil and water bodies), biotic (vegetation) and anthropic (soil cover and land use) attributes were developed. In this context, geoenvironmental mapping was a subsidy for the land planning with the elaboration of cartographic documents in a scale of 1:50.000, representing the basin environmental diagnosis. The main cartographic documents, elaborated from the matching of attributes in a GIS environment, were the charts of potential contamination of aquifers, surface runoff and accelerated erosion, and the basin geomorphologic map. The results evidenced that the analysis performed are compatible with the local conditions represented by the morphostructure of the Paraná Sedimentary Basin. The potential contamination of the aquifers varies from Medium to Very High due to the combination of land uses, resulting from the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals, overlay lithology and types of soils with sandy matrix, in low declivity terrains, thus favoring the infiltration of contaminants. In greater parts of the spring a low potential of surface runoff and Medium potential of accelerated erosion (86.12% of the basin) were also noted. In this case, the accelerated erosive process (381 ravines and 19 gullies) are directly related to sandy soil areas, extensive livestock and sugar-cane. The morphogenetic Neo-quaternary processes are intensified in areas of higher surface runoff, in the Sandy-Clay Hills of High Convex Hilltops, once they concentrate 32.8% of ravines and 21.1% of gullies. The recharge of groundwater is intensified in the Sandy Hills and in Low Convex Hilltops, once they are positioned in regions of low surface runoff potential, due to low declivities (between 0 and 10%), lithology and sandy soils.
Proposta de intervenção motora e treino de alcance manual para a promoção do desenvolvimento motor e do alcance manual em lactentes abrigados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-29)
Cabral, Thais Invenção
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Tudella, Eloisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3207258034860219
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2400104905073029
Introduction: In the first year of life, exploration of the environment allows the infant to learn about the ability to act and use resources of the environment, in order to perform adaptive actions. A stimulating environment favors motor development, while deprivation of stimuli, can cause motor disadvantages in reaching, as well as in gross motor development. Objectives: Study 1) to systematically synthesize evidences of motor intervention types to minimize the impacts of orphanage in infants and children motor development and to verify the effectiveness of these interventions; Study 2) to evaluate the gross motor development of orphaned infants and compare them with non-orphaned infants; Study 3) to verify if a protocol of motor intervention is capable of promoting quantitative changes in the gross motor development of orphaned infants; Study 4) to verify the influence of a training in the reaching of orphaned infants. Methods: Study 1) The searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Scielo, Lilacs and Embase databases and through direct searches in article references located in the databases. For the methodological quality assessment, were used a Physiotherapy database (PEDro) and a Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS); Studies 2, 3, 4) This is a cross-sectional study. Twenty-nine infants (study 2) / 28 infants (studies 3 and 4) were divided into 2 groups: experimental group (n = 13 / n = 12) composed by orphaned infants and the comparison group (n = 16) composed by healthy infants non-orphaned, aged 6 to 7 months. Motor development was assessed using Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS). The reaching was evaluated through the kinematic analysis of the following variables: trunk displacement, movement duration, deceleration index, retirement index, peak velocity, movement units and mean velocity. Infants in the experimental group received a motor intervention protocol (3) and a training for reaching (4) during 2 weeks. A mixed variance analysis was aplied to analyze an interaction between main effects of groups and time. Results: 1) Three articles were eligible for the results synthesis from 123 identified records in the initial searches. Two studies presented the design of a randomized clinical trial and one was a prospective longitudinal study. The two randomized clinical trials presented good methodological quality and the longitudinal study had low methodological quality; 2) There were differences between groups for prone score (p = 0.000046); supine score (p = 0.009) sitting score (p = 0.002) total score (p = 0.000126) and percentile (p = 0.000385); 3) There was difference in all postures in the pre-intervention: prone (F [2, 27] = 29,386; (p <0.0001), supine (F [2, 27] = 15,830, p = 0,0001), sitting (F [2, 27] = 12,025, p = 0,000) and in standing posture (F [2,27] = 5.322, p = 0.008). In the total score there was significant intra-group difference (F [2, 27] = 28,188; p = 0.0001), as well as in the percentile (F [2, 27] = 25,407; p = 0.0001); 4) There was a significant group*time interaction for the deceleration index variable (F [1.26] = 3.87, p = 0.02, η2 = 0.13). For the retirement index variable (F [2.52] = 4.45, p = 0.02, η2 = 0.15) and movement unit (F [2.52] = 3.42, p = 0, 04, η2 = 0.11) there was a significant effect of time. Discussion: The mechanisms of motor development of orphaned infants are few investigated. However, in this study, a motor intervention protocol and reaching training, were capable of promoting quantitative changes in the development of orphaned infants. Therefore sensory-motor experiences seem to favor an overcoming of intrinsic limitations, as well as environmental restrictions. Conclusion: The scientific community could turn to intervention studies for orphaned infants, as the number of this population increases each year because of the world poverty condition, the number of users of illicit drugs and the increase of natural disasters. It is a matter of public health.
Desenvolvimento de um compósito inseticida-fertilizante microencapsulado para promover o aumento de produtividade agrícola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-29)
Durango, Luis Guillermo Cuadrado
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Forim, Moacir Rossi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1234565160573730
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2411128699194186
The main objective of this work was to develop a bioinsecticide-fertilizer model for pest insect control, formulated with extract of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and humic acids as polymer matrix and fertilizer agent. Formulation methods with different natural polymeric matrices such as lignin and poly(ε-caprolactone) were developed to compare yield, cost, environmental advantages and efficacy. Among the proposed nano/microencapsulation methods, the main one was the precipitation of the preformed polymer. The extracts and products were quantified by validating an analytical method to quantify the azadirachtin content by High Efficiency Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Subsequently, different nano/micro characterization methods were used to evaluate the stability of nano/microparticles in colloidal suspension, investigating the stability and properties of the natural nano/microencapsulated product, particle size, zeta potential, distribution of polymer molar mass, the content of the active compound before and after the encapsulation process, and the pH from dispersion medium. The formulation promoted gains in UV-light and thermal stability of approximately 50% to nano/microencapsulated azadirachtin, maintaining the efficient insecticide action to Spodoptera frugiperda. The data obtained in biological bioassays showed a mortality rate higher than 50% to the formulated products compared to the nonencapsulated Azadirachta indica A. Juss extract as control in the mean evaluation of 10 days. Finally, the evaluation of the duality of the function of humic acids in the encapsulation process and fertilizer action were significantly relevant, providing average germination in corn plants of 89.1±0.1%, and in the function of polymeric with yields above 70.3±0.1%. The results promoted a micro/nanoencapsulated product formulated with humic acids as a biodegradable polymer matrix and with fertilizer applicability, obtaining a final product, maintaining the stability of the active ingredient and efficient insecticide action against Spodoptera frugiperda, incursion at the development of new micro/nanotechnological strategies for the control of insect pests, reducing the negative impact on the environment medium.
Conservação do papagaio-galego Alipiopsitta xanthops no estado de São Paulo : estudo de uma população in situ e análises comportamentais em cativeiro e vida livre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-29)
Beltrame, Luisa Bontorin
;
Moschini, Luiz Eduardo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2728357583462262
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1213925281883410
The Cerrado biome is a brazilian hotspot included among the most endangered biomes in the world. The Yellow-faced Parrot (Alipiopsitta xanthops) is one of the parrot species that are suffering with the current alterations on the biome. This species is endemic of the brazilian Cerrado and was once considered probably extinct in the state of São Paulo. Species conservation strategies should consider ex situ and in situ approaches. Therefore, this study intended to enlarge the in situ and ex situ knowledge about the Yellow-face Parrot in the state of São Paulo, aiming to stablish the minimum necessities for the species populations’ management in the remaining habitats in the state, and also provide behavioral information for the species in order to enable the in situ and ex situ management of the species. The in situ studies of the population were made at the municipality of Rifaina, northeastern region of the state of São Paulo, selected after ecological niche modeling results. The fieldwork comprised two field trips of ten days each. Active searches for the species were conducted on the region and the behavioral records were made using the Ad libitum method. The initial ex situ data collection for the species was based on a survey intended to animal-keeper institutions in the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais. The ex situ behavioral studies were conducted on three animalkeeper institutions in the state of São Paulo, using the Ad libitum method followed by the “Focal Animal” method for quantification. A new occurrence area of the species was identified in the state of São Paulo, and behavioral, populational and dietary information were provided, including the use of anthropized areas for the species. In view of this new area of occurrence for the species and its use of anthropized areas, conservation actions become necessary in order to maintain the minimal conditions for the population maintenance in the region. Considering the ex situ data obtained, reproductive behaviors were recorded in captive animals despite the few occurrences of these behaviors reported by the keeper institutions. This fact, in addition to the record of normal behaviors for the group, elect the species as able to conservation strategies focused on captivity reproduction, in order to maintain backup populations.
Estudos bioquímicos e cinéticos de acetilcolinesterases de formigas cortadeiras (Atta sexdens)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-29)
Santos, Adriana Miranda dos
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Souza, Dulce Helena Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428955299526003
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6845476344714243
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (EC 3.1.1.7) is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine leading to the release of acetate and choline. In insects, acetylcholine is one of the most important neurotransmitters, and inhibition of AChE produces a generalized synaptic collapse causing the insect death. AChE is, thus, an important target for the development of new insecticides. In this context, this work describes the results obtained in the production of the active recombinant enzyme, expressed in Pichia pastoris and obtained through the gene coding for AChE of A. sexdens, cloned in the pPICZα-A vector. By sequencing the positive clone the sequence of the recombinant AChE was obtained and, by homology, a three-dimensional model was constructed and validated. In addition, this work presents, for the first time, the isolation, purification and biochemical characterization of two native AChE from Atta sexdens (AsAChE-A and AsAChE-B). The kinetic constants were determined using the colorimetric method with the enzymes in solution and acetylthiocholine as the substrate. The isolated enzymes were immobilized on fused silica capillary to produce AsAChE-A and AsAChE-B IMER. IMER activities were measured by quantification of the hydrolysis product of acetylcholine by zonal bioaffinity chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (LC-MS) to produce Michaelis-Menten constants. The differences in affinity for the substrates used: acetylthiocholine (colorimetric method) and acetylcholine (LC-MS) reveal AsAChE-B as the enzyme with the highest affinity for the natural substrate, a result confirmed, also, by measuring choline production with the enzyme in solution. The screening assay was validated using tacrine and galantamine as standard inhibitors of AChE, and the IMERs produced were used for screening inhibitors in a synthetic hydantoin (n = 12) collection. The results presented in this work show the importance of the use of acetylcholine (natural substrate) in AChE activity and inhibition assays.
Constituição docente do enfermeiro: o estado da arte das produções brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-09-29)
Agnelli, Jeferson Cesar Moretti
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Nakayama, Bárbara Cristina Moreira Sicardi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9746628149674449
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4831616642472060
The action of teaching is strongly rooted in a teacher's training. Assuming that teaching is one of the possible fields of action of the nurse, and that it requires specific training considering that it constitutes a field of science, the present research aims to understand the Nursing Teacher Constitution based on Brazilian productions. Bringing with it several elements of personal experience that emerges from the condition of the researcher as a nurse and a nursing teacher, intentionally responding the research question: is it enough to be a nurse to be a nursing teacher? Is there a relation of proximity from the nurse with the teaching and pedagogical knowledge during the professional practice of teaching? Do nurses have eligible criteria for teacher training during nursing graduation or in teacher training courses? In this context, we chose to conduct the type of the research from the state of art, having Romanowski (2006) as a theoretical reference. We made a search for Brazilian productions in the Bank of Theses and Dissertations and Portal of Periodicals from CAPES. We identified 50 productions that enabled us to discuss the Nursing Teacher Constitution from the training for professional practice in Technical and Higher Education and from the teaching practice of the Professor Nurse. We draw from this study that the Nursing Teacher Constitution from the training is given through the degree in nursing or through graduate programs. The constitution from the teaching practice is given through the experiential knowledge and initial training for teaching. We understand, however, that the nurses' constitution is multifaceted, taking as possible paths the pedagogical training programs as both (initial and continued) as well as the path of the teaching practice itself.
A “Fazenda do Zoo” de São Paulo como instrumento de Educação Ambiental. Araçoiaba da Serra, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-02)
Petri, Tiago
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Rabinovici, Andrea
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4506171831521594
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0489542290802887
This paper has as main objective to describe and analyze the Environmental Education Program of the São Paulo Zoo Farm as for its effectiveness and applicability as to Environmental Education and its principles. Having as tool of verification the related public and identifying the potential of the program as for the evaluation of the participants and their testimonials. This Program of Environmental Education aims the formation of teachers for the implementation of environmental projects in schools and guided field trips to the zoo’s farm, which is among the cities of Sorocaba, Araçoiaba da Serra and Salto de Pirapora, from countryside São Paulo state in Brazil. The farm produces 80% of all the food provided to the São Paulo Zoo’s animals, being so able to host many different cities in a Program of Environmental Education. The work had by method the documentary institutional analysis of reports and questionnaires applied by the researcher to teachers, students and monitors in the year 2015.