Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2017-10-05"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 13799

Desenvolvimento e caracterização de concretos refratários ligados quimicamente por fosfatos para aplicação em indústrias petroquímicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-05)
Lopes, Simone Jaqueline dos Santos
;
Luz, Ana Paula da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470395641242374
;
Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
The objective of this work was the development of chemically phosphatebonded refractories for applications in petrochemical industries due to their suitable properties such as high green mechanical strength, erosion resistance and good adhesion. These castables also stiffen in short periods of time (~ 4h) and can be subjected to high heating rates after curing, thus reducing equipment downtime. It has been observed the lack of investigations on selfflow castables in the literature, which advantages are the easeness of application and production of pieces of complex geometries. Addictionaly it was also identified the need for products that do not require the use of binder solutions, as most commercials ones consist of two components: liquid binder (phosphoric acid) + dry mixture. Therefore, the transport and handling of monocomponent compositions are more appropriate (it can be facilitated). Two binder systems [diluted solution of H3PO4 and a mixture of H3PO4 + aluminum monophosphate (MAP)] and 4 dispersing additives, citric acid and 3 polyphosphates (Budit 3H, 6H and 8H) were tested to obtain self-flow concretes. It was found that the compositions bound with H3PO4 + MAP provided longer working time (30 min). The one with 0.5%-p Budit 3H + 0.1%-p citric acid is more promising, because it reached free flow values of 120% and thermomechanical performance higher than the reference in most of the properties. The disadvantage is that the mixture heats up to 54 °C after processing. For the vibrated castables with solid binders, MAP, sodium phosphate and magnesium monophosphate (MGP) were evaluated, and the latter contributed with promising characteristics compared to those of the commercial material. The composition containing 6%-p of this compound + 1%- p of citric acid showed workability longer than 1h and cold mechanical strength after firing at 815ºC (10.3 MPa) higher than the reference (7.9 MPa).
Análise da cadeia cinética em atletas arremessadores com e sem dor no ombro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-06)
Pogetti, Lívia Silveira
;
Nakagawa, Theresa Helissa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3020771286419217
;
Camargo, Paula Rezende
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7602596349127054
Shoulder pain is quite prevalent in throwing athletes. The high incidence may be the result of a deficit of the integrated action of the kinetic chain during the throwing movement. There is lack of studies that have evaluated the components of the kinetic chain in throwers with and without shoulder pain. Researches in this area are important since it could provide knowledge about the kinetic chain components in this population, in order to obtain better treatment and evaluation protocols. In this way, the purposes of the thesis were (1) to evaluate the muscular performance of the kinetic chain of throwing athletes with and without pain in the shoulder; (2) to evaluate the function of the shoulder, trunk, pelvis and lower limb in this population; and (3) to analyze the correlation between these variables and the muscular performance in athletes with shoulder pain. Endurance time test and maximum voluntary isometric contraction were used to evaluate the trunk flexors, extensors and lateral flexors muscles. Isometric contraction was measured by handheld dynamometer (Lafayette Instrument Company, Lafayette, IN). Isokinetic dynamometer Biodex Multi-Joint System 3 (Biodex Medical System Inc., NY, USA) in the concentric mode was used to evaluated peak torque of external and internal rotation of the shoulder at 90º/s, 180º/s and 240º/s. Questionnaires, shoulder satisfaction level and range of motion were used to measure the shoulder function, while the modified star excursion balance test (SEBT) and transverse pelvic alignment test were used to assess the hip, trunk and lower limb function. In general, the results showed that throwing athletes with shoulder pain presented shorter endurance time of the trunk lateral flexors and balance, and worse shoulder function compared to asymptomatic athletes. However, shoulder pain does not seem to affect the development of shoulder isokinetic peak torque and ROM compared to athletes without shoulder pain. Furthermore, the results showed the weak to moderate positive correlations between internal and external rotation of the arm and endurance and isometric strength of the trunk flexors. Peak torque of the shoulder was not correlated to transverse pelvic alignment. Such results support the kinetic chain theory based on the interdependence of segments to generate and transfer of forces during functional movements. In addition to suggesting that exercises that work neuromuscular control of the lower limb and isometric strength and endurance, particularly for the trunk lateral flexor and flexor muscles should be stimulated in throwers with shoulder pain as part of the rehabilitation plan.
Identificação da emoção facial na ansiedade social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-06)
Simonetti Filho, Pedro Luiz
;
Reis, Maria de Jesus Dutra dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8868678989340770
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2466881950447208
Emotional recognition seems to be an important component of our nonverbal communication system, essential for adaptation and effectiveness in interpersonal relationships. Different theorists have proposed that individuals with different psychopathologies, particularly in both mood and social anxiety disorders, would present selective attention to emotionally negative facial stimuli (eg, anger, fear, sadness), being less sensitive to positive ones (eg, cheerful faces). The present study aimed to investigate the identification of emotional faces (particularly joy, anger, fear, sadness and neutrality); the study addresses individuals with social anxiety, comparing their performance of identifying emotions with other participants who do not have this particular disorder. Nineteen undergraduate students with social anxiety (six) and without (19) participated. The designation of the participants in the groups depended on a psych diagnostic evaluation, implemented in Phase 1 by psychologists in trainees, under the supervision of the counselor. During the evaluation, the following instruments were applied: 1) PROMIS-Level 1; 2) PROMIS - Level 2 anxiety; 3) Liebowitz Social Phobia Scale. For both groups, a single experimental computerized experimental session was implemented and controlled by computer. Twenty (20) visual stimuli in the form of faces with emotional expressions were used during the session: five different facial expressions of emotion (joy, sadness, anger, fear and neutral) with four different actors. 120 experimental attempts provided three different tasks of conditional discrimination, namely: 1) Appointment (indicate the correct naming of a facial expression, 20 attempts); 2) Identification with four 4 photos that would best be described by the emotion available in the model; 20 attempts. In the last 80 attempts, the participant should identify facial expression by comparing two distinct faces of emotions; the negative comparison stimulus could be lighthearted or neutral. The results seem to indicate that individuals with social anxiety seem to respond promptly to fear. Some considerations were examined with reference to the relation between 1) number of care disorders and the effect on accuracy and latency; and, 2) some methodological conditions to be addressed in future research.
Construção de equipamento de tratamento de superfície a plasma com fonte DC pulsada para tratamento de nitretação iônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-06)
Cruz, Daniel
;
Moreto, Jeferson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7570605360654899
;
Rossino, Luciana Sgarbi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0139027055418391
Surface treatment techniques such as plasma aided nitriding, although very well consolidated in the industry, must still be studied well and improved. Based on this idea and with the objective of looking for better treatment conditions, this work presents the development, construction and commissioning of a reactor for plasma treatment and treatment of plasma nitriding of P-20 steel samples.The reactor was constructed in order to improve conditions for thermochemical treatment and for this purpose a chamber of stainless steel AISI 316L was built as thermochemical treatments are carried out at a very high temperature (above 500ºC). Other equipments such as Vacuum System, Power Source (Direct Current and Pulsed Direct Current), Thermocouple, Manometer, Valves and a meter for gas flux were also attached to the system. After making the equipment, it was commissioned to verify its stability. Parameters such as pressure and tension were analysed together with their influences on temperature. Five nitriding treatments were executed on this equipment in the following way: One treatment was executed during the commissioning, two of them evaluated the treatments by DC tensions and finally 2 more tested Pulsed DC treatments. Treated samples were characterized by Micro Hardness Vickers, Metallography, SEM and EDS. It was observed that treatment tension and pressure affect the temperature stabilization time and the highest temperature it can reach. Treated samples during the commissioning phase have shown edge effect. Samples treated with DC tension show non uniform treated layers. Samples treated with Pulsed DC present highly uniform layers of nitrites both in microstructure and thickness. It can be concluded, however, that the equipment shows high efficiency and serves very well for what it was built for and that, for plasma nitriding treatment, it presents much better performance with Pulsed Direct Current.
Planejamento espacial marinho de áreas de proteção ambiental do litoral brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-06)
Bolta, Paula Mathias Paulino
;
Martines, Marcos Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5317839291904450
;
Toppa, Rogério Hartung
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0673898572494729
The subjects of sea protection meet in disadvantage in relation to the subjects of terrestrial protection. The challenges and socioeconomic pressures that the sea territory is subject healthy extremely wide. Now the development of the industrial and port activities in the coastal areas, together with the disordered tourism, they generate countless conflicts and use incompatibilities. However, as it guarantees that those and do other activities happen in a certain passage of sea territory in an orderly and maintainable way? Is, it still, preserving and conserving the different coastal and sea habitats and his/her rich biodiversity? In this context, The Protected Marine Areas become primordial strategies for the conservation of biodiversity while they look for to soften the process of environmental degradation. The Marine Spatial Planning is a public process of analysis and allocation regarding the activities that happen in the sea territory in space and temporary scale, seeking to reach maintainable objectives, through political process. It is also considered a process with views to the future and he/she offers tools to solve conflicts and, still, it selects administration strategies to contribute to protect the services necessary ecosystem. The objective of the research is to characterize Marine Spatial Planning in Areas of Protection Environmental Coasts and Navies of Brazilian Northeast. Three APA were selected under administration of ICMBio, inserted in the bioma Atlantic Forest of coastal atmosphere and marine of the Brazilian Northeast: APA Barra do Rio Mamanguape (PB); APA Fernando de Noronha (PE) e APA Costa dos Corais (PE/AL). The respective handling plans and the creation ordinances were analyzed. Besides they were applied questionnaires to the managers of APA, and also interviews with servants of different sections of ICMBio, seeking to obtain information on the process of elaboration of the environmental zoning. In agreement with the analyzes, it was verified that are different necessary approaches for the handing of each UC; standardization lack in criteria of marine zoning, and still administration susceptible to institutional flaws that contemplate in the administration of the sea atmosphere were observed through the research. Being treated of Protected Marine Areas is necessary to understand the three-dimensional and interlinked sea atmosphere in way to the continent; to consider the environmental dynamics and other specificities in the zoning, and still, to foment the social participation and of other institutions of the public power seeking an effective administrations of the marine and coastal atmosphere.
Produção e caracterização de biochar de palha de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum sp.)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-06)
Pires, Isis Cristina de Souza Adhmann
;
Yamaji, Fábio Minoru
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4787449634914831
The aim of this work was to study pyrolysis conditions (thermal degradation in a controlled presence of oxygen) for make biochar is a kind the raw-material used was the sugarcane straw (Saccharum sp.), that is an abundant residue in the fields. Pyrolysis techniques were used with fixed time of 3 hours and temperature variations of 200 °C, 250 °C, 300 ° and 400 °C, totalizing four treatments. The Biochar produced was characterized by immediate and thermogravimetric analyses. The obtained results showed the lignocellulosic materials transformation to fixed carbon, and the direct influence of pyrolysis temperature on cellulose and lignin degradation. The fixed carbon content obtained for the treatments carried out were T1 = 42 %, T2 = 51 %, T3 = 59 % and T4 = 65 %. The gravimetric yields were T1 = 55 %, T2 = 36 %, T3 = 30 % and T4 = 25 %. It can be observed the direct influence of the pyrolysis temperature in the cellulose and lignin degradation in the thermogravimetric analyses. Aiming the equilibrium between gravimetric yield and fixed carbon content, can be concluded that the better temperature for the slow pyrolysis, in the conditions developed in this work, was about to 250 °C.
A abordagem geossistêmcia na análise da paisagem na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Ipanema, região de Sorocaba-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-09)
Souza, Edson Prates de
;
Arruda, Emerson Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3883710507177933
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7239424929324228
Environmental issues gain importance from the moment that man begins to understand the dynamics, structuring and modeling of the landscape. Therefore, the research aims to understand the dynamics of the landscape of the Ipanema River Basin from the Geosystemic approach. In this sense, we sought to identify the elements of the landscape and their relation and integration, being from the preparation of cartographic documents and field works, to be able to visualize them and to understand them spatially. Thus, it was possible to elaborate the mappings of Soil Use and Occupancy, the Morphostructural and Geosystematic Map. The land use and occupancy mapping, as well as the morphostructural, helped to classify the geosystems present in the area, thus presenting a differentiated organization and dissociated by the facies classes in question. The research was divided into three chapters. The first is based on a theoretical discussion about Geosystems and its application to environmental studies. deals with the Morphostructural Analysis of the Ipanema River basin, with the aim of identifying the lithologic structure, movements and modeling of the relief of the area in question. And third, it is based on the application of Geosystems in the environmental approach. The factors that led to the development of the research were the accelerated urban growth of the Sorocaba region, advancing on rural and natural areas, native vegetation being limited to small sectors, often reducing to the riparian forests.
Aplicação do mapeamento vetorial para biomoléculas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-09)
Sacco, Antonio Cesar Silva
;
Caracelli, Ignez
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8956527354576143
;
Schpector, Júlio Zukerman
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4252331837170383
The main focus of this work was to study two types of non-covalent interactions: π interactions and hydrogen bonds. This type of study is necessary when one wants to analyze, for example, enzyme-ligand or DNA-ligand complexes. With the help of graphic visualization programs the researcher ends up analyzing, in general, only part of the studied biological molecule. A more complete study becomes more difficult given the amount of atoms and interactions in biological molecules. Thus, an algorithm was developed to evaluate all non-covalent π interactions and hydrogen bonds present, being intra or intermolecular, thus obtaining all the distances, angles and atoms involved, using predefined parameters or parameters defined by the researcher. The interactions so obtained can be viewed with an external graphic program. Thus, the computational tool called WIM (Weak Interaction Mapping) was developed, transforming the vector mapping into a research tool. The automation of the process using WIM software to investigate the non-covalent interactions made possible to study a series of DNA structures with and without ligands, and to verify the existence of certain patterns generated by this type of interactions, as well as to study in detail the introduced deformations by the ligands in different DNA structures. The WIM software received a favorable opinion in the process of protection of the program, Process AIn PC 2017/004 -UFSCar, on 06/27/2017.
Análise do Programa Bolsa Família no Município de Capão Bonito-SP na perspectiva do beneficiário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-09)
Cravo, Carla Aparecida
;
Soares, Marcos de Oliveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4341241997702351
;
Melo, Ismail Barra Nova de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3576937472687059
The present study aims to analyze the impacts of the Bolsa Família Program - PBF, in Capão Bonito-SP, studying the conditions of implementation, maintenance of cadastral data, monitoring of beneficiaries and co-responsibilities. The municipality that is the object of this research has 46,178 inhabitants and the Human Development Index of the City (IBGE, 2010) of 0.721, however, it presented a total annual of 4,814 beneficiary families in 2016, with monthly variations, numbers that demand public policies capable of meeting vulnerabilities stemming from low employability due to economic stagnation and one of the generators of the significant local crime rate. To verify the impacts of the program, we searched the housing, food, health and education conditions through a questionnaire to ascertain the beneficiaries' perceptions regarding the possible improvements brought about by the increase in income and its efficiency in the fight against poverty. The first chapter discusses a history of the origin of social policies in Europe, North and Central America and Africa focusing on their motivations and conceptions according to the needs of the market and society. In the sequence, the Brazilian assistance policies antecedent to the program are contextualized. Chapter 3 deals with the program, its regulations, conditionalities and appropriateness from its implementation in 2004 to the present. The survey questioned how conditionalities affect beneficiaries and whether they favor access to health and education services as described in the PBF configuration. To better understand the study object, the local socioeconomic scenario was characterized, explaining the mechanisms of conditional income transfer programs as public policies to combat poverty. The method of deductive approach was used, characterizing the study as exploratory. The data were collected in a field survey carried out with the PBF cardholders, associating quantitative and qualitative data obtained in the individual questionnaire, semi-structured, directed to the data collection to analyze the effects of this strategic tool of social policy and its approach in the fight poverty and poor income distribution. For the analysis of the data collected, we also used the statistical method that allows better understanding of the considerations of the study.
Proposta de consolidação do processo de descentralização da execução orçamentária e financeira da UFSCAR
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-09)
Alcoforado, Izaura do Carmo
;
Pereira, Neocles Alves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3744216524256924
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7196287142215591
Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, started in 2007 a decentralization process that initially led to the implementation of the Sorocaba Campus, such as the implementation and significant enlargement of the undergraduate courses in all campuses, as well as, recently, the implementation of a new campus – Lagoa do Sino Campus. Thus, the administration of UFSCar has been adapting to this new reality. This paper presents a proposal for advancement in the process of consolidation of the budget and financial execution of UFSCar. The decentralization of these activities effectively began in 2013, with the implementation of the commitment emission process in several campuses. For the development of this study, we carried out an extensive bibliographic survey, among other subjects, on centralization and organizational decentralization, budgetary and financial execution in the public sector, budgetary and financial decentralization in the public sector, in order to identify the main elements that could contribute to the objective of the work. Regarding the research methodology, it has a qualitative approach, such as a case study, which relied on the process of data collection through the application of questionnaires to those responsible for the related activities. In addition, we seek to consider specific aspects of UFSCar, such as: lean staff, the expansion that the institution has undergone, etc. The proposal presented at its core considers the creation of a control unit for UFSCar as a whole, as well as the creation of responsible and executive management units for all campuses. The expectation is that, with the implementation of this proposal, the UFSCar community as a whole will gain, among other benefits, speed in the respective processes and better monitoring and disclosure of the budget and financial execution of UFSCar.
Transplante de células tronco mesenquimais melhora a função motora e modula marcadores de atrofia muscular em ratos diabéticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-10)
Sabadine, Maria Augusta
;
Leal, Ângela Merice de Oliveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7202663545989206
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7721637683679619
Hyperglycemia causes sensorimotor disorder and muscle atrophy for which there is no satisfactory therapy. Stem cell therapy is an attractive strategy for diabetic complications due to its capacity to differentiate into other cell types. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation on neuromuscular function, skeletal muscle morphology and the expression of markers associated with muscle atrophy. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) was induced by Streptozotocin in Wistar rats. The diabetic animals received four i.p. injections (one injection per week) of bone marrow-derived MSC (BM-MSC) or vehicle (DM). Tibialis Anterior muscles were collected for morphological analysis and for the determination of mRNA (Atr-1, MuRF-1, Mst, MyoD, IGF-1, TWEAK, Fn-14, NFkB and p38 MAPK) and protein expression (Atr-1, MuRF-1). The Von Frey test and footprint analysis improved significantly in the BM-MSC group compared with the DM group. Muscle mass decreased in DM animals and did not change after transplantation. The number of central nuclei and connective tissue increased in the DM group (14,05% e 34,07%, respectively) and decreased in the BM-MSC group (7,53% e 18,23%, respectively). Muscle mRNA expression of Atr-1 and MuRF-1 were significantly higher in the DM group than the Control animals and decreased in BM-MSCs animals. The NF-κB and Fn-14 mRNA expression was significantly higher in the DM group than in the Control group. Fn-14 expression increased after transplantation. The MyoD mRNA expression decreased in both DM and BM-MSCs animals. The p38 MAPK mRNA expression was significantly higher in BM-MSCs than in the DM and Control animals. The Mst, IGF-1 and TWEAK mRNA expression did not differ among the groups. The Atr-1 and MuRF-1 protein expression increased in the DM group and the Atr-1 protein expression decreased in BM-MSCs animals. The results demonstrate the improvement of motor function and the modulation of Atr-1, MuRF-1, Fn-14 and p38 MAPK in skeletal muscle by BM-MSC transplantation in diabetic rats.
Introdução ao estudo da Álgebra para alunos do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-11)
Kucinskas, Ricardo
;
Barbosa, Grazielle Feliciani
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5368292206467565
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1476150846493125
This dissertation of professional masters proposes the introduction of the Algebra study for elementary school students. Our main objective was to develop a work outlined in didactic sequence, based on instigating problems that would challenge the independent thinking, essential for the effectiveness of the meaningful learning. For this purpose, a didactic sequence will be presented by three phases: Algebraic Thinking, Algebraic Expressions and First Degree Equations. In order to develop algebraic thinking, students were mobilized to study models and regularities. After that, problems that explored the variation of quantities and the generalization of patterns led them to read and represent some algebraic expressions as well as to calculate its numeric value in various contexts. Finally, our intention was to translate situations through first degree equations, analyzing them, finding their respective roots and validating the results found. As for the development of this research and the data analysis, we were guided by a qualitative approach, since the interactive contact of the researcher as a teacher at a municipal school provided the construction of a reality of students inserted in a particular universe of beliefs, values and several meanings. As the most important result, we realized that 7th grade students initially had only intuitive conceptual notions and had some difficulty in dealing with algebraic calculations. Therefore, problem solving proved to be an effective methodology for students to appropriate Algebra as a meaningful knowledge.
Um estudo sobre a percepção da qualidade do saneamento ambiental, das práticas cotidianas e da história das propriedades certificadas produtoras de orgânicos em Ouro Fino, MG
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-16)
Resende, Rachel Germiniani
;
Borges, Janice Rodrigues Placeres
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2373278362705384
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7429967326868588
The present research had the objective of characterizing and analyzing the quality of rural environmental sanitation in the organic producing properties in the municipality of Ouro Fino, through a survey on environmental issues in the properties with emphasis on: water, soil, solid waste management and sanitation, in order to minimize the knowledge gap on rural environmental sanitation in areas of organic production. To collect data, a qualitative approach was used through semi-structured interviews with seven farmers, which made it possible to understand farmers' perceptions regarding various health, environmental and social aspects. The interviews were composed of thematic blocks: history of the property, profile of the owner, characteristics of the area surrounding the home, environmental sanitation, associativism and environmental perception. The data were analyzed and discussed in a descriptive way based on previous studies and quotations on the subject, as well as excerpts from the producers' statements. The data infer that the fact of being organic producers did not configure as a determinant aspect so that the conditions of the sanitation in their properties were presented ideal, unlike the environmental perceptions. Note the importance of the research that portrays the perception of individuals, whose results reproduce the real needs and desires of the population in question, in the search for more efficient and structured public policies in the rural area.
A recepção e circulação da teoria clausewitziana no Exército brasileiro (1889-1959)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-16)
Ferezin, Carla Cristina Wrbieta
;
Martins Filho, João Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8157447462904324
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0439807619383825
Clausewitz is an icon among those who are engaged in research war strategy, considered one of the main makers of modern military thinking. His ideas have been read and repeatedly quoted at least since 1871, especially in the military means. However, there is a hiatus in the literature regarding the reading of this author among the Brazilian military. In this sense, the aim of this research is to understand the reception and circulation of Clausewitz conceptions in Brazil, mainly, but not exclusively, between soldiers belonging to the Brazilian Army between 1889 and 1959, such period that the prosecutors have been searching for professionalization, modernization and restructuring of the Brazilian Army, under instructions from Germany, France and the United States of America. We hypothesize that Brazilian readers may have disregarded the context of production and cast their own perceptions and desires of their context on Clausewitz's work, On War. In this direction, we selected a temporal clipping that allowed us to investigate if the war conjunctures (internal and external) and the process of military professionalization that impacted the Clausewitz reading in Brazil. The research process on the reception and circulation of Clausewitz in Brazil was made through the analysis of a series of articles published in a military journal, A Defesa Nacional, and in several contemporary periodicals that grant sessions to discuss military topics. From a qualitative perspective, based on methods of bibliographical research, documentary research and content analysis methodology, we reach the understanding that the reception and circulation of the Clausewitzian theory in Brazil between the years 1889 to 1959 is marked by misunderstandings (disregard of the context of production, insertion of perceptions and problematics proper to the context of the reader, instrumentalized readings and partial translations) proper to the great classics. Moreover, the context of wars greatly impacted Clausewitz's readings in Brazil, with several mentions to the Prussian general as the theoretician of the immoral war, bloodless and without limits, however, a less negative reading also had space, especially those that dealt with the relationship between war and politics. The process of professionalization was also found to be relevant in Clausewitz's reception in Brazil, since it probably enabled the first partial translation into the Portuguese language of excerpts from On War, in the years 1931 and 1932, in the magazine A Defesa Nacional, at the time of the French Military Mission in the Brazilian Army.
Turbidimetria in-line na quantificação do tamanho de partícula de misturas poliméricas na extrusão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-16)
Bernardo, Felipe Oliveira Campos
;
Silva, Jorge Manuel Jardim da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5480257384064266
;
Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178
The morphology of mixtures and polymeric compounds is usually evaluated by off-line characterization methods, which require time for sample preparation and analysis of results. In-line rheo-optical characterization techniques during extrusion involve the quantification of the attenuation of an incident light beam caused by changes in the phase morphology and/or orientation of the polymer chains under flow. Processing conditions, including temperature, flow and pressure outputs are the variables that define the rheological behavior. This project has as main objective a particle size’s evaluation of a second polymer phase of polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) in polystyrene (PS) by the quantification of incident light attenuation via turbidimetry. The optical device used was bench-tested using standard samples for ceramic particles by light scattering, and for organic dyes by colorimetry, which were prepared in such a way that their parameter (second phase concentration, size of the dispersed particle or dispersed particle type) was changed in a known manner. The systematized study of the samples and the device’s validation were allowed. The analyzes were performed in real time by the pulse addition system during the melt blending process in a W&P ZSK 30 extruder coupled to an instrumented slit die while maintaining the screw rotation and the extruder flow rate constant. During the extrusions, by varying the concentration of the added pulses, different contributions of turbidity collected were obtained. Thus, the particle sizes for the polypropylene and polyethylene pulses were calculated, and such results showed the validity of the particle size analysis system developed, since, for the polymer particles added to the flow, the obtained values of average particle size were satisfactory, with consistent values according to the available literature.
Laboratório de Inclusão: espaço multidisciplinar e intersetorial em um CAPS Infantil no município de São Paulo. (Inter) Invenções possíveis entre Saúde, Educação e Assistência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-17)
Saad, Fabio Luis
;
Joaquim, Regina Helena Vitale Torkomian
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7719481657895650
;
Fioroni, Luciana Nogueira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086810053892035
Our research focused on an intersectional collaboration program that takes place in a psychosocial Brazilian public service for children, CAPSi – Centro de Atenção Psicossocial infantil – in the extreme South of the city of São Paulo, in which twenty-eight Public Health, Education and Assistance Workers, who work with children and/or adolescents with psychic suffering participated. The Inclusion Laboratory is a recognized program by the network in its area of coverage as an important environment, in which workers can share cases and difficulties in the treatment and in the daily life with children and adolescents with psychic suffering. These workers arrive at the Inclusion Laboratory in severe and critical moments, that is, when the conflicts or impasses originated from the relationship with children and/or adolescents with psychic distress become unbearable or uncontrollable, assigning to them the responsibility of the maladjustment. The research and conduction of the meetings were carried out by the author/professional who is guided by theoretically based psychoanalysis in his management and understanding of the phenomena presented. This approach gave the Laboratory participants greater implication in the process and broadened the singular look of the case by case. The method that was used was the research-intervention from case study. The data was collected from sixteen recorded meetings, transcribed and, then, analyzed with a psychoanalytical and public health theoretical reference; there were also used an initial questionnaire and interview. The results were demonstrated step by step, since the arrival of the participants in the Laboratory, the dynamic of the meetings, until its effects. There were defined three categories of analysis: i) arrival; ii) process; iii) arrival and process. We noticed important displacements between the arrival of the participants in the Laboratory and the process experienced by them, in this program. Initially, they have presented fragilities in the emotional aspect that disabled the relationship with the children and/or adolescents with psychic suffering: they believed that their technical capacities were insufficient in dealing with this population and the condition of discomfort showed up as a result of anunease, fruit of the daily routine. The meetings provided to the participants relief, reflection and creativity, elements that changed the way they were thinking about this children and started to see them as subjects with difficulties and potentials. Therefore, there was demonstrated the interest in being with them in a welcoming and inclusive way. We demonstrated how the conduction of an analyst in the institution, specifically in the Inclusion Laboratory produced these movements. We noticed significant changes in the emotional condition of the participants, which arrived distressed and left relieved. They stopped to assign the responsibility of the maladjustment only to the other e began to share the responsibility by the dynamic and the relation. Finally, we demonstrated the applicability of the studied program, its relevance in the mental health field, as an important room for debate.
Morfologia de ionômero E/MMA-Na+ proposta por técnicas termo-ópticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-19)
Higuita, German Dario Gomez
;
Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9084337154840257
The DSC low temperature endothermic peak shown by sodium neutralized poly(ethylene-random-methacrylic acid) (E/MAA) ionomers has been shown here to be the result of two different and dependent morphological transformations, i.e. relaxation of the ionic aggregates and molecular reordering of ethylene chain segments. These two events could be separated by applying a hydrothermal treatment that swells the ionic clusters and allows the thickening the secondary PE crystals. Water plasticizes the ionic aggregates, shifting his glass transition temperature downwards. On the other hand the endothermic peak due to the molecular reordering of the thicker secondary crystals independently shifts upwards. The relaxation of the ionic aggregates was detected either by static (DSC) or dynamic (DMTA) thermal analysis. The reordering of ethylene segments were observed optically following the cross-polarized transmitted light intensity and by X-Ray diffraction pattern. Both, primary and secondary PE crystals, after either dry or wet thermal annealing improve the PE chains packing by expelling out the non-crystallizable methacrylic comonomer mers.
A dinâmica das políticas de saúde e de assistência social no Brasil : incrementalismo e pontuações na atenção governamental entre 1986 e 2003
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-20)
Brasil, Felipe Gonçalves
;
Capella, Ana Cláudia Niedhardt
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5810332148425938
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2390988873671777
This thesis analyzes the process of policy agenda setting focused on changes in health and social assistance policies in Brazil between 1986 and 2003. By mapping and analyzing the attention of actors and institutions involved in this policy process, we try to demonstrate moments of both balance and incremental change, as well as moments of rapid and profound changes in the chosen sector policies. Known in the public policy literature as the policy dynamics analysis, this thesis is based on the theoretical and methodological precepts of the Baumgartner and Jones (1993, 2005) Punctuated Equilibrium Theory. To do so, six types of documents were selected to analyze policymakers' attention: the legislative production approved in the period, messages to the National Congress sent annually by the Presidency of the Republic, minutes of the Subcommittee on Health, Assistance and Environment of the National Constituent Assembly of 1987, the Federal Constitution of 1988 and the reports of the National Conferences of Health and of Social Assistance realized within the temporal period of this thesis. In all, 23.174 data reflecting the attention of these actors on health and social care policies have been mapped, treated and analyzed in relation to their frequency, diversity and concentration over time. The thesis identifies the existence of institutional and cognitive frictions that constitute a propitious environment for changes during the first decades of Brazilian re-democratization. It also displays that variations in the attention of the actors can highlight moments of inflection and changes in policies. Still in the more general aspect, it puts in evidence the relation of the political, economic and social context and political turnovers with changes in attention on policies, sometimes leading to changes in public policies. The analysis of sector health and social assistance policies shows that, despite thematic proximity, these policies operate in distinct subsystems and focus the attention of decision makers independently. When analyzing health and care policies individually, this thesis confirms the existence of incremental moments, adjustments and small changes, but also points to changes that are specific and of great impact in both sectors. Finally, the paper reaffirms the importance of applying the Punctuated Equilibrium Theory as a theoretical and methodological basis for the study of agenda setting, policy change and policy dynamics, with this, opens a promising research agenda in this field of knowledge.
Estudo integrado das etapas de pré-tratamento e hidrólise enzimática da palha de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-20)
Rocha, Martha Suzana Rodrigues dos Santos
;
Almeida, Renata Maria Rosas Garcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3745446778086537
;
Cruz, Antonio José Gonçalves da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1812806190521028
The use of lignocellulosic biomass for ethanol production, such as, the sugarcane straw, suggests that additional steps should be included aiming the sugars release, that will be converted to ethanol via fermentative route. In this way, it is essential to conduct a pretreatment step, to disrupt partially the recalcitrant structure, increasing cellulose accessibility to hydrolysis by cellulases. This work aims the study of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis strategies of sugarcane straw. The goal is evaluate the best configuration to bioethanol production, taking into account key factors correlated to these two steps. Firstly, the hydrothermal pretreatment (HPT) was conducted in a straw/water ratio of 1:5 to 1:20 (w/v), at 195°C, 10 min and 200 rpm. HPT was followed by alkaline pretreatment (APT, H2O2 1% v/v, pH 11.5). An experimental design (variables: ratio of wdry straw /vwater during the HPT and temperature during the APT) was performed to choice and optimization of the operational conditions. On enzymatic hydrolysis step, 20 FPU/gcellulose and 15% (w/v) of solid loading were applied. The experimental design responses were: cellulose content and cellulose-to-glucose conversion. It was observed that the enzymatic hydrolysis was not improved after the alkaline pretreatment. Thus, taking into account the high efficience of the hydrothermal pretreatment identified in this study, operational costs concerning the alkaline step can be eliminated. In a study concerning HPT mathematical modeling, the assays were conducted applying 10% (w/v) of solid loading and by vary the temperature (180 a 210°C) and time of reaction (0 to 40 min), aiming the identification, from a proposed kinetic model, the optimal temperature and time regarding to sugars degradation and inhibitors formation. At 195 °C/15 min, the pretreatment reached 85% of hemicellulose removal. This condition promoted a little degradation of cellulosic fraction, only 21%. The models proposed in this work can be utilized for engineering studies, including technical and economic feasibility analysis of 2G ethanol production. In addition to the studies developed in this thesis, enzymatic hydrolysis assays were performed in stirred tank reactors, with a reaction volume of 50-mL, applying solids loading of 10, 20, and 30% (w/v), in batch and fed-batch modes. Experiments were conducted in 3-L working volume, under different feeding strategies of substrate/enzyme (fed-batch), reaching 30% (w/v) of solids loading. The assays showed that as the solids loading increases, a decrease in the cellulose-to-glucose conversion is observed. The experiments conducted in fed-batch mode showed high performance when compared with those performed in batch mode. An increase of 3.4 (10% w/v); 9.2 (20% w/v) and 19.8 % (30% w/v) in the cellulose-to-glucose conversion was obtained, taking into account the assays performed in fed-batch mode. Concerning the assays conducted in 3-L working volume, the results showed that the best condition was the one where the feeding profile was smoother (lower solid concentration added in each feed time, but more substrate additions). Both the power consumption per unit volume and the rheology presented lower values to the condition where the feeding profile was smoother. This behavior indicates that this operational mode is more suitable from process point of view, reaching results industrially feasible in terms of glucose content and the energy consumption.
Análise da suscetibilidade a incêndios por meio de geoprocessamento : um estudo no município de Ribeirão Preto, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-10-20)
Neves, Luiza de Lima
;
Bourscheidt, Vandoir
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8224261649535795
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2226821354604207
Fires are among the main environmental problems in Brazil. The country is considered one of the great potentials for the increase of greenhouse gases in the planet coming from the emissions of the burning of vegetal biomass. According to IBAMA, besides contributing to global warming and climate change, fires also pollute the air, cause economic and social damage and accelerate the desertification processes, as well as the deforestation and loss of biodiversity. In the city of Ribeirão Preto (SP), this is a problem that has been aggravating in recent years, mainly due to the recent and long periods of drought, religious ritual practices in the nearby forest and the extensive cultivation of sugarcane in the region. In order to analyze a fire occurrence and susceptibility, different methodologies can be adopted. One of them refers to the use of geoprocessing, which encompasses a series of tools that are of great importance for the collection and analysis of physical information related to geographic space, mainly through geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing. They make possible to study large areas quickly and objectively, and allow the interaction between different types of data. Through these tools, this paper aims to analyze the fire outbreaks susceptibility in the mentioned municipality through the identification, survey and weighting of previously established geographical indicators. The proposal of a new model sought to advance the existing methodologies through the inclusion of temporal variation in the study, as well as the use of vegetation indices with medium spatial resolution. The results indicate that the model is efficient for a fire susceptibility analysis, but is substantially dependent on data availability and continuous updating. The final maps emphasize the importance of each indicator and stress the need to explore the temporal variation in the study.