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Os lobbies no processo constituinte 1987-88
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-01) Costa, Lucas Nascimento Ferraz; Noronha, Eduardo Garuti; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6908348693613769; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5825771500862011
This research is based on the hypothesis that the more progressive and detailed constitutions tend to be the result of drafting processes marked by a high level of popular participation. We analyze this relationship based on the 1987-88 drafting process. We present an interpretation on the lobby during the period, proposing an organizational model for the interest groups in the process. We argued that the lobby was translated into the division between two types of interest groups, defined by the product of the relationship between their organizational characteristics and the area of interest in which they were inserted. This dynamic constitutes a theoretical model defined by the tendency of centralization of interests in a single group, which represented, formally or not, all other groups in each area of interest. The model was based on an empirical analysis of the interest groups' performance in the areas of Education and Health Care, whose relationship revealed the occurrence of the organizational model, which we express through network analysis.
Avaliação morfológica e nutricional de mudas pré-brotadas (MPB) de cana-de-açúcar cultivadas em diferentes substratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12) Santi, Paulo Henrique Pizzi de; Soares, Marcio Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337462438517339; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8300681191146345
The system of pre-sprouted seedlings is a new technology for sugarcane multiplication, which aims to develop materials with a high standard of uniformity and plant health. In this technique, the substrate plays an important role, as a means of supplying water, oxygen and nutrients, decisively influencing the quality of seedlings. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of substrates in the morphological and nutritional characteristics of pre-sprouted seedlings of sugarcane. Mini-stalks of the varieties RB92579, RB966928 and RB867515 were grown in sand, in sand + nutrient solution, and on three commercial substrates (S1, S2 and S3). The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 5x3 factorial scheme, with five replications. At 70 days after planting, height, stem diameter, shoot and root dry matter, Dickson's Quality Index, and use efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were assessed. There was a significant interaction between substrates and sugarcane varieties for all variables studied, except for use efficiency of phosphorus and potassium, making it difficult to generalize about which substrate promoted the best development of pre-sprouted seedlings. The RB92579 variety of sugarcane showed the best efficiency in the use of N, P and K. The best efficiency in the use of P and K were obtained in substrates with greater restriction of nutrient supply, indicating that the mini-stalks is important reserve structure in the seedling production phase. The dry root mass was the most suitable parameter to evaluate the quality of pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings.
Sondagem de itens de matemática da prova Brasil como instrumento pedagógico na investigação de dificuldades de alunos de 5º ano no município de Boituva/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-01) Santos, Markus Pablo Nobre dos; Venezuela, Antonio Luís; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8722224671269332; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7925195314136268
This quantitative and qualitative research presents as main objective the diagnosis of the difficulties presented by a sample of the 5th year students of the municipality of Boituva/SP in the Mathematics subject based on situations similar to those that are present in the external evaluation denominated Prova Brasil, an important instrument that presents a reading of the Brazilian education. Based on the questionnaires, we drew the profile of these students and their teachers concerning the teaching-learning process. We also elaborated a map of the student's difficulties through the developmental activities done with these students and presented them in this work.
Codegs: um tipo especial de metaobjetos em Cyan
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-01) Souza, André Cassulino Araújo; Guimarães, José de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1861719424612392; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5311148625876803
Metaprogramming is widely supported by several programming languages. There exist metaprogramming at time of editing, compilation, and execution. In many languages metaprogramming is defined by a protocol that determines in what time and what can be done. Metaprogramming allows a programmer to "participate" in the build process. One of the ways to do this is through meta-objects built by ordinary users that are loaded by the compiler. Meta-objects can make conferences, modifications, and code generation either in the source code or in the Abstract Syntax Tree. However, to use metaprogramming it is necessary to have an in-depth knowledge of the programming language, thus making it tedious and costly to use. On the other hand, we have the visual generation of code. For example, several IDEs support code generation for GUI (Graphical User Interface) in several programming languages although they do not interact directly with the compiler. In this work, we present a plugin for the Eclipse IDE and a Codegs library. Codegs are a special type of compile-time metaobject in Cyan supported by the plugin to the Eclipse IDE, providing visual resources at edit time. The plugin communicates with the compiler through the of Cyan Metaobject Protocol.
Sintese e avaliação de peptidomiméticos contendo heterociclos de três membros como inibidores de catepsina L
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-01) Santos, Deborah Araujo dos; Corrêa, Arlene Gonçalves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7425467156776144; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5078617943244451
Cathepsin L is a lysosomal cysteine protease, that is related to many physiological processes, however overexpression and up- or downregulation may cause several pathologies. Therefore, cathepsin L became an interesting drug target. Peptidyl epoxides and aziridines are reported as potent cathepsin inhibitors.Previously, our research group has synthesized six new epoxi-α-acyloxycarboxamides through one-pot process starting with an organocatalyzed asymmetric epoxidation using catalyst I followed by Passerini reaction. Then, inhibitory assays against cathepsins K, L and V were performed, and the new compounds presented inhibition, mainly against cathepsin L. In order to further evaluate the structure-activity relationship of epoxi-α-acyloxycarboxamides 11 new compounds were synthesized. Among all, LPSN423 exhibited the best inhibitory activity. The mechanistic study showed that LSPN423 is a reversible tight binding uncompetitive inhibitor, which characterized by a high affinity enzyme-inhibitor complex. To further explore the application of 2,3-epoxi-aldehydes in multicomponent reactions, in addition to create a library of compounds to be evaluated against cathepsin L, Ugi reaction were performed sequentially to epoxidation. The 2-step procedure furnished the desired product with yields ranged from 22% to 68%. The new epoxi-α-acylaminocarboxamides were tested against cathepsin L and no significant activity was observed. The organocatalytic aziridination reaction is reported, however some drawbacks are associated with this reaction, such as the use of chlorinated solvents and large excess of base to promote the reaction. Thus, catalyst I allowed the use of the greener solvent mixture ethanol/water and a lower amount of base. Another drawback of this reaction is the unstable product, so to overcome this issue, the one-pot Passerini reaction was performed, right after the completion of the aziridination; the desired products were obtained from moderate to good yields. Preliminary evaluation of the new aziridine peptidomimetics indicates a potential activity of this class of compounds, although further studies are required.
Uma análise no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de geometria no ensino fundamental II das escolas municipais de Porto Feliz
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-01) Rocha, Renato Cesar; Venezuela, Antonio Luís; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8722224671269332; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7316561422190351
The objective of this work is to analyze the teaching and learning process of Geometry in the Mathematics classes of Middle School in the municipal schools of Porto Feliz / SP, by investigating the teaching methodology of Mathematics teachers, if they use teaching instruments such as rulers, compasses and protractors in their teaching practices. The research was motivated by the need of changing the teaching and learning process of Geometry. The theoretical course of the research was based on the review of official documents, books, theses, dissertations and articles by Authors and Teachers that argue and evidence the importance of geometric constructions in the student's formation and in the historical context. The methodological option for this research was quanti-qualitative. In the methodological process of quantitative nature, we developed questionnaires addressed to all the students and teachers from the research scenario, with the purpose of tracing the profiles and investigating the methodology used in teaching-learning Geometry. For the analysis of these data we use the Descriptive Statistics methods, with syntheses presented in the form of graphs and tables. In the methodological process of a qualitative nature, in order to experience the arguments of the theoretical foundation, we developed the weekly geometric lesson project with emphasis on geometric constructions at Coronel Esmédio School, with the students from the 8th Grade Middle School C during the year of 2016. The results of the quantitative research allowed us to trace the profile of students and teachers of the researched environment. We observed the negligence or abandonment of geometric constructions in Mathematics classes and the possible reasons for this sad reality. The performance of the qualitative research allowed us to identify the evolution in participation, concentration and performance of the students, proving the arguments of the theoretical foundation on the benefits of geometric constructions in the teaching and learning process of Geometry. The experiences of the teacher / researcher in the qualitative methodological process, together with the results obtained in the quantitative, made explicit the benefits of the geometric constructions in the student's formation and the need of changing the teaching and learning process of Geometry in the Middle School of Porto Feliz / SP.
Desenvolvimento de biossensores raciométricos bioluminescentes de ph e metais divalentes baseados na engenharia da região sensível ao pH nas luciferases de vagalumes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-01) Gabriel, Gabriele Verônica de Mello; Viviani, Vadim Ravara; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3942043373510668; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4461237535773689
Bioluminescence, the emission of visible light by living organisms is widely used in biosensors. Firefly luciferases and genes are among the most used reporter gene in bioluminescent biosensors. Firefly luciferases are pH-sensitive, exhibiting a red shifted bioluminescence spectra on the presence of metals, high temperatures and acidic pH, being this last property considered unusual for the most analytical applications. Nowadays most luminescent biosensors to metals and pH are fluorescent, and few of them are ratiometric based on spectral changes. Bioluminescent biosensors despite been less common, have same advantages as low background and does not need UV light irradiation, bring no photodamage to the cell. The aim of this project was: (I) study the applicability of the use of Macrolampis sp2 firefly luciferase and other pH-sensitive luciferases as spectral intracellular ratiometric pH biosensor; (II) apply these pH ratiometric biosensors in mammalian cells to investigate its physiology in real time and (III) developing, by engineering the pH sensor region of Macrolampis sp2 firefly luciferase, a ratiometric biosensor specific to metals. We obtained a relation between the pH and the ratio of the bioluminescence at green and red region of the spectra, allowing estimate ratiometrically the intracellular pH of bacteria and mammalian cells. Besides that, we confirmed its use to cellular image of pH and observed that occurs an alkalinization of the cytosol and nucleus during cell division and apoptosis. We demonstrate the applicability of firefly luciferases, in special the luciferase of Macrolampis sp2, as a ratiometric biosensor to metals and intracellular pH. The existence of a linear relationship between the concentrations of metals like cadmium, mercury and zinc, and the ratio of the bioluminescence at green and red region of the spectra, allowed also estimate ratiometrically, for the first time, concentrations of metals less than 100 μM, enabling the use of firefly luciferases as bioavailability indicator to toxic and potential toxic metals.