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Efeitos do coensino na mediação pedagógica para estudantes com cegueira congênita
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-04)
Paulino, Vanessa Cristina
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Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2791098416503955
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5235654050505504
In the political, philosophical and legal aspects, the schooling of children with disabilities, such as blind children, is based on the inclusion paradigm. Considering the particularities in the development and learning of blind children, especially the ones with congenital blindness, the mere provision of certain specific pedagogical resources will not guarantee that their needs are met, which may compromise their process of concept formation at school. That happens because the teacher in a regular classroom will not always have enough support, such as services and resources, suitable for the development of pedagogical practices actually tangible to the blind learner. Thus, since the service of co-teaching has been pointed out in the literature of the area as an alternative to the success of school inclusion, a collaborative action-research case study was conducted. Two studies are ready, with the purpose of implementing in the first one. In Study 1 was implementing, describing and analyzing pedagogical practices that enable students with congenital blindness, in a regular class, to access the curriculum through co-teaching service, in a classroom with two responsables: regular professor who teachs in this class, and a special teacher, this researcher. In the Study 2, the aim was check the knowledge and opinion of the teacher of the regular class about the coensino's service, before and after being provided by this special educator / researcher. The sample was then composed of: a student with congenital blindness - with no other impairments, enrolled in the first cycle of elementary school, his regular classroom teacher and this co-teaching special educator/researcher. The research was developed in the enrollment room and the performance of the participants took place in a 4th year classroom of elementary school, in a municipal public school. Research data were divided into two studies. In Study 1, the Co-teaching service was implemented during a school semester; planning and development of pedagogical practices that enabled the participant to access the curriculum were carried out. A practice from the Sciences curriculum component, with "Solar System" theme, was selected for description and analysis of Study 1; designed by the educators of the regular classroom and the co-teaching special educator/researcher to be initially accessible to the blind student, but planned under the precepts of the Universal Design for Learning (UDL), it was assumed to benefit the other students. The description and analysis of this teaching situation were made through the Protocol for registration and evaluation of curricular pedagogical activities, formulated by this researcher, composed of: Curriculum, Co-teaching, Pedagogical Resource, Measurement and Evaluation. The results of Study 1 showed that the Curriculum had to be adapted and softened to the blind student, but these accommodations, due to the UDL, were extended to all students. Regarding Co-teaching, it was found that the station teaching and teaching team arrangements coexisted, coherent with the student's demands with blindness and this practice. As for the Pedagogical Resource item, concerning both the ones of general and specific use, the participant with blindness showed difficulties in apprehending the concepts, probably due to the mediation strategies carried out, initially through audio description. Finally, regarding the evaluation of the practice, through students "Report of experience", filled out by the end of the class, it was shown that they appreciated the mediations of the concepts relying on the specific pedagogical resources, such as verbal interaction, and revealed the action of his colleagues in the mediation of concepts to the blind student. In Study 2, willing to know teacher Joana’s opinion about co-teaching service, two semi-structured interviews were performed before and after it, which were transcribed and analyzed with the support of the Discursive Textual Analysis technique. From its results, presented and discussed in categories, namely: Knowledge about co-teaching and Characteristics and requirements of co-teaching, it is worth highlighting that the regular classroom educator agreed that, in addition to having expanded her knowledge about the service, she also improved as a teacher and finally became acquainted with and lived school inclusion. In spite of the limitations of the research, since analyzed and discussed only a single pedagogical practice, based on the results obtained, we may infer that this collaborative action-research brought about positive changes in the context and learning process of the students directly and indirectly involved, as well as improved the professional practice of the teacher regarding co-teaching and related subjects in a way that we dare to assume that she started having more favorable social attitudes towards school inclusion.
Acute effect of photobiomodulation using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on baroreflex sensitivity during and after constant loading exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-04)
Milan-Mattos, Juliana Cristina
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Francisco, Cristina de Oliveira
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Ferroli-Fabricio, Amanda Magdalena
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Minatel, Vinicius
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Marcondes, Ana Carolina Aparecida
A Biologia acessível para surdos: propondo um modelo de material didático para o ensino de biomas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-04)
Magalhães, Paloma Jamily Cristina
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Daroque, Samantha Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1725066703077038
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6862-2621
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0518882645478086
Throughout history the deaf have fought and still fight for their rights that are guaranteed by law, but despite all legislation, an idea has been created that to include the deaf student just insert it in the classroom of regular education. It is known that in order for inclusion to take place, effective action is needed by the school community and, especially, by teachers. The use of methodological strategies is relevant in the teaching of the deaf because of their need for visuality, since it allows the deaf to create images and mental maps. This research justifies relevant and necessary access to the linguistic goods and knowledge to all deaf subjects using Libras, in compliance with the Accessibility Law n. 10.436 / 02 and Decree n. 5.625 / 05, as well as for bringing an alternative to the teaching of biomes accessible to the deaf, aiming to broaden pedagogical practices for the effective inclusion of deaf students in the regular classroom. With this in mind, this work seeks to investigate the teaching of biology in an accessible way for deaf students, from the analysis of articles that address the teaching of biology for the deaf, focusing on their methodologies. To reflect on the importance of the methodological strategies for deaf students and, finally, to propose a model of didactic material for teaching Biomas in an accessible way for deaf students. For this, a bibliographical review was carried out based on searches in research sites, specific sites and also in a specific magazine of didactic materials. The research evidenced that there are more works on methodological strategies and didactic materials in the teaching of Sciences / Biology for deaf students in research sites than in specific sources of special education and didactic material. Thus, it is imperative to think about education and to reflect on pedagogical practices, especially on the use of strategies for the teaching of the deaf so that they can have access to scientific knowledge, since it is the teacher's duty to seek ways of include the deaf student in the classroom and activities as well as actions that promote teamwork, inclusion and autonomy of the deaf.
Síntese eletroquímica e caracterização de filmes finos de Sb2Se3
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-05)
Costa, Magno Barcelos
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Mascaro, Lucia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2725856250417886
Due to the environmental appeal, the shortage of raw material and the chemical complexity of some systems employed at photovoltaic devices, interest has been growing for semiconductors composed of abundant, low toxicity and less costly elements. Among these, the Sb2Se3 has gained attention, because besides having all the mentioned characteristics, it presents good photovoltaic properties. The present work presents the electro-obtaining of Sb2Se3 thin films, as well as the exploratory study of its properties from the effects of the thermal treatment (TT), the electrodeposition parameters and the addition of Fe2+ as a dopant to its photoelectrocatalytic activity in the reduction reaction of H+. The films were prepared by potentiostatic co-electrodeposition on FTO in a bath composed of K(SbO)C4H4O6 and SeO2 in 0.5 mol L-1 Na2SO4/H2SO4 – pH 2.0. After obtaining, they were submitted to different TT conditions under atmosphere of Se(vapor)/N2. Cyclic voltammetries were used to evaluate the electrochemical process of each separate element and the binary system. For the study of the electrodeposition parameters, the concentrations of the Sb and Se precursors (SbO+ and H2SeO3, respectively), the total deposition charge and the type of the supporting electrolyte were evaluated. Finally, the study of the addition of Fe2+ in the bath allowed to evaluate its effect under different concentrations of the dopant. Thus, through the morphological-structural analysis, band-gap and photoelectrocatalytic activity, it was possible to reach the optimized condition of obtaining Sb2Se3 films. Of all the proposed TT conditions, the one submitted to 300 °C for 3 h showed better results, exhibiting good optoelectronic property and photoactivity, with band gap of 1.08 eV and average photocurrent of 168.15 μA cm-2, respectively. With the study of the electrodeposition parameters allowed to reach the following optimized condition: bath with 2.5 mmol L-1 K(SbO)C4H4O6 and 2.0 mmol L-1 SeO2 in 0.5 mol L-1 Na2SO4/H2SO4 – pH 2.0, and deposition total charge of 600 mC, besides of the applied potential of -0.6 V vs. Ag/AgCl/Cl-(sat. KCl). In the doping study, the incorporation of Fe2+ caused low influence on the band gap of the films and on their morphological-structural properties. In the film obtained from the deposition bath composed of 5% Fe, it presented a similar photocurrent to the non-doped film, however, with carrier density in an order of magnitude three times higher, i.e., 1,0 x 10^19 cm-3, showing an important characteristic for a high efficiency and fill factor in the case a photovoltaic device was installed.
Comunicação alternativa para crianças com paralisia cerebral não verbais : programa de intervenção para contextos de vida diária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-05)
Manzini, Mariana Gurian
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Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1371315095038350
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9552939271499545
Introduction: Children with complex communication needs benefit from rehabilitation programs directed to the orientation and instrumentalization of the user, the family and the school. Objective: To elaborate, implement and analyze the effectiveness of an individualized alternative communication program for children with nonverbal cerebral palsy applied together in three of their daily life contexts: school, residential and clinical. Method: The participants were: 03 children diagnosed with cerebral palsy with their respective interlocutors from the contexts already mentioned: teachers, family members and therapists. The research was carried out at the children's school, at the residence of the participants and at an outpatient school unit linked to a university. To reach the objectives of the research was the design of multiple probes by situations (clinical, home and school) involving 2 phases probing and intervention. The instruments for data collection used were: Protocol of characterization of the participants, Interview script with the interlocutors on the communicative abilities of the child, Protocol for selection of the figures, Road map to analyze the perception of the interlocutors on the implementation of the supplementary communication and / or alternative and Questionnaire of social validity. The data collection and analysis were structured in 5 phases: Phase 1 Initial Survey: Knowledge of the characteristics of the participants and the initial repertoire, Phase 2, 3, 4 Intervention: Theoretical, practical training and preparation of the alternative communication resource and Phase 5 Final Score: Final Score of the acquired skills. Results: The results demonstrated: (1) demand for improvements in the communication of the interlocutors (of the 3 contexts) for failing to recognize the needs and desires of the children needing alternative resources to make this communication meaningful and effective; (2) lack of repertoire of participants' input in relation to alternative communication; (3) that the Multiple Probe Design allowed to carry out a planned intervention, in order to guarantee control of the variables; (4) acquisition of new communicative skills by the children and (5) that from the instrumentalization of the participants the act of "changing a pictographic figure by its corresponding object" took place, which made it possible for the child and the interlocutors to use the alternative communication features with independence, functionality and low level of help. Conclusion: The implementation of an individualized alternative communication program aimed at the interlocutors of children with nonverbal cerebral palsy in three of their development contexts favored the increase of the communicative abilities of these children and promoted changes in the behavior of children in the three contexts (school, clinic and house). Through the results, the research revealed that the Alternative Communication Program was effective in the intervention strategies adopted.
Crescimento econômico e política monetária endógena: a ZIRP como consequência de um baixo crescimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-06)
Siqueira, João Vítor Pires de
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Silva Junior, Geraldo Edmundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5138808982229139
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2372554912494009
The discussion on monetary policies in the history of economic thought has shaped itself facing political and economic events throughout history. From the quantitative theory of money (QTM) and the Keynesian theory to the policies of inflation targeting and zero interest rates today. This recent interest in zero interest rate policy (ZIRP) or negative interest rate (NIRP) has attracted the attention of economists, academics and policy makers. The present work aims to evaluate and to identify if the reduction of economic growth imposes or not a technical limit for the formulation of policies of interest rates. In addition, it aims to incorporate population variables into the analysis to model possible demographic impacts on interest rates, as populations in most countries are showing lower or even negative population growth rates, shifting demographics of countries towards greater representation of the older population. The possible relationships between the variables will be tested through panel data models, where annual data of interest rates, economic growth, inflation rates and demographic growth/evolution for the period from 1960 to 2015 will be used for a set of countries which adopted zero and/or negative interest rates after the 2008 crisis. The conclusion is that the aging of the population seems to restrict the possible stimulus of monetary policy, generating lower interest rates over time.
Avaliação do desempenho tático no Futsal em uma turma de atividade curricular desportiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-06)
Celestini, João Vitor
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Souza Júnior, Osmar Moreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9176123942671062
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0149248637957818
The objective of this research is to analyze an intervention in a Sports Curriculum Activity of futsal as well as the application process in test to evaluate the game performance. The research method consisted of strategic action research developed at a state school in São Carlos, for which the researcher carried out an intervention of ten classes that included the application of the TSAP test at the beginning and at the end of this process. The test itself is an effective evaluation method for team sports worked in a teaching unit because it is able to collect data that serves to understand the level of collective and individual game. The training was carried out from the tactical demands of the game based on the pedagogy of team sports. With the application of the intervention we can report that there was on the part of the students a concern with the objectives of the game and questions during the activities and the TSAP helped to see at the end of the intervention the performance of the students.
A reorientação do fluxo de transporte rumo ao norte do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-06)
Campos, Carlos Eduardo Espinel
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Gurgel, Angelo Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1368894778228852
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Castro, Eduardo Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5702172673123334
The objective of this research is to analyze the economic impacts of the reorientation of the national transport flow towards the ports of the North, as it is currently concentrated in the ports located in the South and Southeast of the country. Through an analysis of the freight prices and export volume of the soybean from the Central West Region to the ports of the North and South and Southeast of Brazil, it was possible to establish efficiency gains, which supported the shocks applied through a computable general equilibrium model, to identify the direct and indirect effects of this possible reorientation trough North. The results indicated that there are gains caused by a possible redirection of the transport flow, however, as a rule, they concentrate income and benefit mostly the Central West Region. Thus, competitive gains obtained by this region are in detriment of the other regions of the country. In addition, the economic impacts of the shocks did not present a high intensity, since the "transport" input, where the efficiency shock was applied, is only one among the various inputs used in soybean production. The alternative of increasing the transport flow trough the North has been shown effective, but not enough to fix the logistical deficit that challenges the Brazilian agribusiness performance. Therefore it is necessary to combine this reorientation with other measures that may bring greater dynamism to the country.
Estudo de caso sobre exposição a violência intrafamiliar de uma criança PAEE
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-06)
Pereira, Juliana Maschio
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D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9076765354804624
The present work describes a case study with the objective of investigating the impact of intrafamily violence on the academic performance of children in the target group of special education considering the conditions of children with disabilities exposed to this context of violence. The participants were a child with disabilities in school, his mother and the teacher of the regular classroom of the school he attended. The results showed the low quality of family relationships and the impact on the child's academic life. It was concluded that the low quality of interactions in the family environment can be aggravating for the learning of the target audience of special education.
Avaliação do risco antes e após reeleição de Dilma Roussef: uma análise por meio de redes de correlação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-06)
Cardoso, Gerson Nassor
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Silva Junior, Geraldo Edmundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8219776243725964
Brazil went through a political and economic crisis period from 2013 to 2016. The electoral results, in 2014 interfered in the local stock market risk. Data from BM&FBOVESPA suggested an increase in the local stock market volatility. Similarly, loss in the most of the companies` market value. Recession and crisis marked the following years. However, loses in financial and consumer`s sectors seemed to be lower. In this way, we asked if also the systemic risk would have grown, if the central companies and sectors would have changed and what would be the minimum variance and systemic risk portfolios. A dynamical Minimum Spanning Trees (MST) analyzed the systemic risk. I built 48 mothly MST´s from October 2012 utill September 2016 and analyzed the first four moments of the distance correlation matrix. I proposed two MST`s to verify the optimal portfolios and changes in the central companies and sectors: one for the two years before the re-election of Dilma Roussef and another for the two years after. I compared the central vertices and the number of clusters by hierarchical clustering. By observing the MST length`s shrinking and the increases in the correlation level, I discovered that the systemic risk grew through the following six months after the electoral results. Changes in the inclination of the distance correlation`s asymmetry and kurtosis suggested expectation and uncertainty changes. The hierarchical clustering revealed that the central stocks before the reelection were BBDC4- Bradesco Bank and EVEN3-EVEN Construction Company. After that, BBCD4 and ITSA4 – Itau Bank remained as the most central stocks. Construction sector left to be an important sector and stood by ITSA4 periphery. I suggested 8 clusters for each period as the available number for portfolio diversification for systemic risk reduction. The 20 lowest closeness centralities indicated the minimum variance portfolios for both periods.
O programa Acessa Escola e as influências da Indústria Cultural em tempos da cultura digital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-06)
Silva, Camila Perez da
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Zuin, Antônio Álvaro Soares
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5543562307373287
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0169459180378881
Public initiatives in the field of technological education in Brazil aim to minimize the problems related to digital exclusion through the mass distribution of computers to schools and the construction of collective internet access centers. Such initiatives, aimed at digital inclusion, are often advertised as synonymous with social inclusion policies. In order to problematize this reality, the present work investigated, in the light of the Critical Theory, the contradictions observed in the process of implementation of the program conceived by the State Department of Education of São Paulo called Acessa Escola, considered one of the most comprehensive policies of digital inclusion from the country. The analysis has shown that the numerous obstacles to ICT use in schools, such as low connectivity, the constant need for equipment maintenance and the lack of training courses for teachers, lead to the underutilization of the technological apparatus, contributing to disseminate the semiformation in the teaching units.
Dissertação (Mixtape): na humildade sampleando a quebrada para desenrolar na antropologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-07)
Silva, Marcos Vinícius Guidotti
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Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6165756473470045
In the quebrada of Heliópolis, anually on the Sunday before Christmas, the famous soccer team Flor de São João Clímaco performs in its Villa Arapuá’s field the party of the Black Versus White’s Game, a festival that mobilizes residents of Heliopolis and surroundings. The event took place forty-four years ago, and, since the first editions, it updates two premises that knowledge teaches. Firstly, to celebrate the friendship. Secondly, it is sought to establish whether the best is the black or the white ones. Not excluding the differences, it’s in the first premise that I prefer to conduct the mind to reflect with the quebrada. Thereby, when we take the opportunity to celebrate the friendship at the Black Versus White, beyond engaging in a celebration, we experience the situation of producing connections and differences between we, who are from the quebrada. With these teachings, the Black Versus White suits me as a metaphor to express the writing of this dissertation. In each pen’s movement, I seek to establish connections and contrasts between my quebrada and Anthropology in a single narrative regime. A writing that places the epistemological problem of the knowledge’s possibilities when the thinker has the opportunity to join the university through affirmative actions and chooses to study Anthropology to master the quebrada’s knowledge that projected him to the world. Humbly, this dissertation is part of my struggle, and, because of the method that struggles for the right, I could only present what follows in the shape of this mixtape. In the A-side, I present a more conceptual stuff, and, in the B-Side, the tracks aims a certain type of narrative about my quebrada, in which I intend to develop with the master’s degree in social anthropology.
Estudo da influência da composição química nas propriedades da borracha natural dos novos clones de seringueira RRIM 711, RRIM 926 e RRIM 937
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-07)
Silva, Maycon Jhony
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Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9467299367671426
Brazil, that already was the largest producer of natural rubber in the world, faces a deficit in its production, what has resulted in the necessity to research of clonal varieties of rubber trees with high quality and productivity adapted to different areas. In view of this scenario, this study sought to evaluate the chemical composition and as properties from natural rubber of the new clones the effect of the coagulation method on the latex clones RRIM 600 and RRIMM 937 and the influence of the non-rubber constituents soluble in acetone in properties of plasticity Wallace (P0) and plasticity retention index (PRI). The samples were evaluated by physical-chemical, thermal and rheological tests of: DRC, TSC, particle size distribution and Zeta potential, FTIR, NMR, determination of macro and micronutrients by ICP-OES, acetone extract content, ash, nitrogen content, Wallace plasticity, plasticity retention index, Mooney viscosity, thermogravimetry, DSC and rheological behavior. From the obtained results a variance analysis with repeated measures and tests of multiple comparisons was made to evaluate the behavior of the clones in relation to the plots and the collections. Pearson's correlation was used to evaluate the correlations of the variables. The results showed that there were more variations between the clones and the collections in the composition than in the properties. The rubber produced by the new clones presented good performance considering the standards established by the norms, except the clone RRIM 711 that presented the greatest variations in properties and lower values than the others. All clones showed uniformity in the thermal evaluation, and in the inert atmosphere the decomposition occurred in a single stage with a temperature of beginning of degradation varying between 275–280 °C and in oxidative atmosphere occurred in three stages with the temperature of beginning of degradation varying between 210–220 °C. The NMR and FTIR spectra have shown that the natural rubber structure for all the clones studied has mostly the cis-1,4-polyisoprene form. The coagulation method altered the properties of the natural rubber and the extraction of the non-rubber constituents soluble in acetone directly affected the PRI values.
Cinema e Educação: desmistificando a figura do cientista através do filme "Criação"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-07)
Silva, Thaís Aparecida da
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Mattox, George Mendes Taliaferro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4453900943293186
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1682709068092501
Given the difficulties of the educational system, new strategies seeking learning and teaching proposals have been suggested. Cinema stands as a possibility, because it is possible to convey information and raise the interest of the audience in a very effective way through the movies language. The outreach activity – ACIEPE: Cinema with Science (2016) was proposed to connect cinema and science through discussion of scientific issues informally addressed in the movies. Surveys were answered by the end of the exhibitions. The perceptions of the ACIEPE’s attendees on the movie “Creation” have been analyzed through a qualitative methodological approach. Common elements students speeches allowed the setting of categories. Results have established six categories based on the main aspects raised by the survey’s participants. Among them, the most relevant aspect (corresponding to 53% of responses) was related to the reason why people enjoyed the movie and referred to the humanized vision of the scientist depicted in the art piece. This contrasts with the stereotyped way scientists are usually portrayed by the media. The experience of watching a movie that shows a scientific personality, Charles Darwin, through a different approach has allowed everyone to be closer to a more natural and human view of the scientist. This highlights the cinema as an interesting didactics tool, because this art would assist in the teaching-learning process through its potential to deconstruction and reconstruction opinion.
Influência da mescla de resinas uréia formaldeído e difenilmetano 4,4’- diisocianato (MDI) nas propriedades mecânicas e emissão de formaldeído de painéis de madeira aglomerada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-08)
Carneiro, Taís de Lima Alves
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Menezes, Aparecido Junior de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8018767699809011
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8018767699809011
Several studies take place in order to reduce and even extinguish formaldehyde use in its various applications. This is due to its classification as a carcinogen according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Most of the formaldehyde production is destined to obtain amino resins. After the synthesis of these resins formaldehyde being fully reacted is no longer found free and therefore presents no carcinogenicity risk. However, these amine resins when used as a binder in wood composites, can release formaldehyde. MDP (medium density particleboard) panels were produced on laboratory scale using as binder urea formaldehyde resin and the mixture of urea formaldehyde resin with MDI (diphenylmethane 4,4 'diisocyanate). The MDI partially replaced the formaldehyde urea resin at concentrations of 10%, 20% and 30% in order to evaluate in these mixtures the influence on perpendicular tensile strength, also known as internal adhesion, in determining swelling and water absorption after immersion For 2 hours and 24 hours, formaldehyde emission and flexural strength. The resin blend was effective in reducing the emission of formaldehyde and an increase in the mechanical properties was possible. Among the conditions evaluated, condition 3, with 20% of methyl 4,4 'diisocyanate (MDI) and 80% of formaldehyde urea, presented the most satisfactory results in relation to cost-benefit. In condition 3, the formaldehyde emission was reduced by 75% and the results of the mechanical properties evaluated were satisfactory. In all analyzes, an increase was observed in relation to the panels produced with urea formaldehyde resin.
Redução de ruído speckle em imagens de ultrassom com filtragem não-local e distâncias estocásticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-08)
Santos, Cid Adinam Nogueira
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Mascarenhas, Nelson Delfino d'Ávila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0557976975338451
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0284183440890032
Ultrasound imaging is one of the most used modalities in medicine since it is low cost and has no ionizing radiation. However, ultrasound images are corrupted by a signal-dependent noise, known as speckle, causing a granular pattern that makes it difficult for visual or automatic image interpretation. Many filters have been proposed in the literature for speckle removal, and more recently, a great deal of attention has been focused on non-local techniques, as the non-local means filter (NLM) and the block-matching collaborative filtering (BM3D). The central idea of these recent methods is a measure of similarity between patches, originally proposed as the Euclidean distance for filtering additive white Gaussian noise. In this work, an approach is proposed for reducing speckle noise based on the non-local techniques and using the support of the information theory. Stochastic distances are derived for Rayleigh, Nakagami and Fisher-Tippett distributions, and used as similarity measures in NLM and BM3D filters. Two methods are applied to generate these stochastic distances. The first method is based on symmetrized statistical divergences and the second one related to the geodesic distances in probabilistic spaces. Although similar approaches already exist to despeckle synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, here they are adapted and extended, in an unprecedented way, to handle the specificities of the ultrasound images.
Alterações biomecânicas e de sensibilidade à dor relacionadas ao encurtamento da cápsula posterior do ombro – Avaliação e tratamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-08)
Rosa, Dayana Patricia
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Borstad, John David
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Camargo, Paula Rezende
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7602596349127054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2851503771398593
Some studies have shown that posterior capsule tightness may be related to shoulder dysfunctions and alterations in range of motion. However, there is no consensus in literature about how to specifically assess posterior capsule tightness, considering that bony adaptions, as humeral retroversion, may influence the clinical measurements suggested in previous studies. Furthermore, few studies have evaluated the effect of interventions on the posterior capsule tightness. In addition, the low quality of the studies limits the clinical decision-making. The aims of this thesis were: 1) to assess scapular and humeral kinematics, shoulder range of motion and external rotators strength, pressure pain threshold, pain and function in individuals with posterior capsule tightness with and without shoulder pain; 2) to compare the effects of a specific and a non-specific intervention to posterior capsule tightness and pain in individuals with capsule tightness and shoulder pain on the same outcomes presented in aim 1; 3) to determine how the posterior capsule tightness and humeral retroversion interact and influence measurements used to measure shoulder range of motion in the clinical practice. The posterior capsule tightness was quantified by the Low Flexion test. The humeral retroversion was quantified using the bicipital forearm angle. The electromagnetic system was used to measure kinematics. Digital inclinometer, dynamometer and goniometer were used to assess range of motion, muscle strength and pressure pain threshold, respectively. The Shoulder Pain and Disabilities Index (SPADI) assessed shoulder pain and function. In general, the results showed that individuals with shoulder pain presented changes in scapular and humeral kinematics and in shoulder range of motion, which were not intensified with posterior capsule tightness. However, the capsule tightness associated to shoulder pain contributed to worse pain and function of the shoulder, and decreased pressure pain threshold, which suggest increased pain sensitivity. After 4 weeks of intervention, only the specific one decreased the posterior capsule tightness. Both protocols decreased the humeral translations, shoulder pain and increased shoulder range of motion and pressure pain threshold. The posterior capsule tightness and humeral retroversion influenced the clinical measurements, but the two combined condition showed greater shoulder range of motion deficit. Thus, it is believed that individuals with the same musculoskeletal dysfunction, as shoulder pain, may respond differently to pain and develop individual adaptations to avoid pain and to preserve function. Further investigation of the clinical measurements used in the present study is needed in individuals with shoulder dysfunction.
Por uma porta entreaberta : o desenvolvimento da competência aplicada de profissionais do ensino de línguas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-11)
Sant'Ana, Juscelino da Silva
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Barbirato, Rita de Cassia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962819573963727
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7127417703704558
In this research, the concept of applied competence (AC) of Almeida Filho, developed in the context of the Almeidian Model, is analyzed. This model covers two specific frameworks of the Language Teaching and Language Learning Field (LT/LL): The Foreign Language Teaching Overall Operation (FLTO) and the Overall Operation of Professional Education (OPE). The first deals with the phenomena and the theorization of the processes related to language teaching and learning. The second deals with the processes of teacher education. This investigation is aligned with a reflexive education perspective, endorsed by the OPE. The Almeidian Model, therefore, is taken as the main theoretical orientation of this study, but it also resorts to other theoretical support as those presented by Moscovici (2007), Jung (2000), and Bandeira (2015) among other authors. The focus of this research relies on the Applied Competence (AC) developmental aspects. In order to achieve the research results, phenomena which arise as relevant factors in the clarification of the elements in the language teaching and in the dialectical synthesis of the components in the process are examined. This applied, interpretative, and ethnographical research had as tools in the data collection: class observation and recording in video and audio, semi-structured questionnaires, field notes, interviews and informal conversations with the participants of the research. The main leading question of this study inquires about how the participants of the research develop their AC. A subsidiary question aims at identifying what necessary elements are manifested in the applied competence development. The main purpose consists in understanding the aspects of AC and a secondary objective aims at identifying the elements needed for the development of the AC. The research has as its scenery a public language center. The participants of the research are teachers who work in that language center. They were divided into two groups. The first group, which was constituted of all the participants in the research, provided the data on the school context and collective or social aspects within the range of the space where the research took place. The data provided by the second group, formed by three members of the first group, are directly related to the questions addressed and the research objectives. The results demonstrate that the AC, inserted in a system of competences, is a competence of formality, that is, it comprehends two categories: one of explicitness and the other of synthesis. The first is developed stem from the process of making the elements of OPE explicit, including the teaching approach, language teaching and learning theories, attitudes facing the elements and subjects in the professional field and the professional activity. The second is constructed from the dialectical relationship of the elements of the explicitness category. The synthetics category gives origin to the components of the AC. The data analysis also indicates that the elements involved in the process of explicitness do not form the AC components. It occurs through the process of synthesis of the elements previously made explicit. This research contributes, among other factors, to the elaboration and implementation of policies and programs of language teachers continued education.
Simulação da produção de xilitol por via fermentativa a partir do hidrolisado hemicelulósico de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar utilizando o software livre Scilab
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-11)
Pereira, Laís Portugal Rios da Costa
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Lima, Alice Medeiros de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0038936541518854
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8648684269387357
Xylitol is a five-carbon polyalcohol presented in many fruits and vegetables, as well as yeasts, lichens and mushrooms. It is a white crystalline powder and odorless sweetener. Compared to sucrose, it has similar sweetness and reduced caloric value, besides being independent of insulin for its metabolizing, so it is tolerated by diabetics. Xylitol can be obtained by solid-liquid extraction, chemical reduction of xylose and biotechnological conversion of xylose. The low concentration of naturally occurring xylitol (less than 0.9 g/100 g) makes solid-liquid extraction process economically impracticable. The catalytic reduction of xylose offers high yields, but suffers disadvantages mainly due to extensive intermediate purification steps and huge energy requirements, which makes the overall process very expensive. The disadvantages in the conventional method of xylitol production and the market growth over the last years have motivated researches looking for alternative ways of obtaining this product. One of the most attractive processes is microbiological route, which uses microorganisms (yeasts, bacteria and filamentous fungi) with capacity to assimilate and ferment xylose. Xylose is obtained by treating methods of lignocellulosic materials, such as hydrolysis. Sugarcane bagasse is a highly lignocellulosic residue produced in Brazil as a result of the intense sugar-alcoholic activity and it can be used in xylitol production. Thus, this study aimed to simulate and evaluate batch production of xylitol by fermentation using Scilab, a free software for numerical computation. This was possible by defining kinetics for substrate consumption (xylose), cell growth (yeast) and product accumulation (xylitol) and by resolution of the ordinary differential equations resulting system. The kinetic model used was proposed by Mohamad et al. (2016) in the study of xylitol production by fermentation of pure xylose by Candida tropicalis and was suitable to this process. The simulation of data obtained by Arruda (2011) in the fermentation of detoxified hemicellulosic hydrolysate of sugarcane bagasse by Candida guilliermondii resulted in many divergences between experimental values and those predicted by the mathematical model. The kinetic model was suitable only at the beginning of the fermentation process, but it is promising in the prediction of xylitol formation from hemicellulosic hydrolysate of sugarcane bagasse. Studies indicate that this process is a satisfactory alternative for xylitol obtaining, but still needs a better understanding.
Educação ambiental nas aulas de química do ensino médio: o tema água na abordagem CTSA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017-12-11)
Rocha, Quezia Geane de Souza da
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Marques, Rosebelly Nunes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7921735904003583
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8162969313307495
Various environmental problems have been lived during the last decades, mainly caused by socioeconomic predominant models, confirming the needed of accomplished with Environmental Education, principally regarding school ambit, where the Environmental Education development must be responsibility of all subjects, that the highlight is Chemistry. Considering this problematic, this master degree work looked for didactic strategies to articulate the Environmental Education in the Basic Education Chemistry Classes, using water as the subject generator and the National Curricular Guidelines for Environmental Education as guiding, the strategies proposed were structured by Didactics Sequences . Three Didactics Sequences were building by study of National Curricular Guidelines for Environmental Education , São Paulo Chemistry Curriculum and the previous questionaries’ analysis applied in students participants of search. The Didactics Sequences elaborated were applied in the classroom and data collected by questionnaires, class reports, students’ activities, observation and audiovisual records. The data analyses show that the developed activities contributed for the student’s environment perception evolution from Naturalist for Globalizes, as well as insert social elements in contents which relate with Environment Education, however, the Didactics Sequences did not get successful to engage students regarding environment question, being one of the points to be improved on them. In relation of Chemistry Teaching, the classes dynamics allow diagnostic compression problems and students lacks, which in the traditional style of classes only would be revealed by writing evaluation, activities of final periods. The socioenvironmental contextualization allows to close the contents of the student realities and motivate their learning. The activities proportionated the development of abilities to realize searching and argumentation building, the responsibility and autonomy stimulation of students.