Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2018-02-06"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 13623

Impacto da mobilização passiva como estratégia reabilitadora na função endotelial de pacientes críticos com diagnóstico de sepse
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-06)
Silva, Tamara Rodrigues da
;
Olenscki, Daniela Kuguimoto Andaku
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4549550283590627
;
Mendes, Renata Gonçalves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9634590922242052
Endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of sepsis and the exercise stimulus influence the vascular endothelium. As a rehabilitative strategy, early mobilization is beneficial when performed in critically ill patients. However, there is still a lack of evidence regarding the acute effects of passive mobilization (PM) on endothelial function (EF). Objective: to investigate EF response after a protocol of PM in patients with sepsis. Methods: 25 patients diagnosed with sepsis and septic shock, admitted to an intensive care unit participated in the study. EF was assessed by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery before and immediately after the PM protocol, considering relative, absolute and normalized FMD variables. The peak flow velocity at baseline and during reactive hyperemia (RH) and the shear rate were also considered. The PM protocol consisted of 3 sets of 10 repetitions of mobilization of the following joints: ankles, knees, hips, wrists, elbows and shoulders. The paired t-test was used for the comparisons with p <0.05. Results: The relative FMD increased after performing the PM (5.07±8.97% to 17.07±8.08%, respectively) (p <0.001). Similarly, absolute (0.17±0.31mm to 0.57±0.22mm) and normalized FMD (0.0013±0.0031mm/s to 0.0024±0.0015mm/s) also showed higher values after PM. The peak flow velocity after RH (71.85±29.34cm/s to 95.32±32.28cm/s) and the shear rate (210.82±110.43s to 288.48±140.88s) were also higher after PM (p <0.001). Conclusion: The stimulation of passive mobilization as a rehabilitation strategy applied to critical patients with a diagnosis of sepsis was able to increase acute endothelial function.
Inventário e quantificação dos geossítios cársticos do Parque Estadual Intervales (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-06)
Camargo, Túlio César Rocha
;
Lobo, Heros Augusto Santos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9405961078398915
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7229494839342677
The increase in public use in natural areas in the last decades is characterized by the interest of knowing and contemplating the natural patrimony, constituted by elements of bio and geodiversity - the latter being the focus of this research. One of the representative elements of geodiversity is classified as geosite. In karstic terrain, caves are common examples of geosites, as long as they have some dimension of intrinsic value or even of use for science, conservation, tourism, or education. In this context the objective of this research was to analyze the karstic geosites of the State Park Intervales (SPI), making possible their quantification and valuation. The methods used were based on bibliographical research and field work to identify, characterize, inventory and evaluate selected geosites, whether or not open to public use, outside and inside of this Natural Protected Area (NPA). The main results demonstrated the categorization of each geosite from its values: intrinsic, scientific, tourist, use / management and educational, which was the new dimension of analysis. Through the synthesis of these values, the results of the quantification were applied in equations to measure the categories of geosites for each type of use: scientific, tourism and proposed tourist-educational. In the end, it was calculated and compared the Ranking of Traditional Relevance (TR) and Ranking of Proposed Relevance (PR) of each geosite, revealing that some caves have a high tourist value, due to the large number of visits and activity carried out with elementary schools, high school, undergraduate and postgraduate, a considerable scientific value in the representativeness of geological processes, variety of elements of bio and geodiversity as well as a high educational value. It is concluded that the inventory and quantification of geosites can serve as a tool for the expansion of strategies for geoconservation, through activities that correspond to the characteristics of each geosite, both at the regional and national levels. Considering that educational tourism and speleotourism are already activities developed in and around the SPI and a source of income for the local communities, it is also expected that the work will disseminate the geotourism potential of the area, based on a future strategy of geotourism and geoconservation.
A contribuição de stakeholders não técnicos na elicitação de aspectos da experiência do usuário: uma abordagem usando proto-personas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-06)
Pinheiro, Eduardo Gouveia
;
González, Sahudy Montenegro
;
Zaina, Luciana Aparecida Martinez
The requirements elicitation is a main step in an application development. Usually the requirements are listed and described with little to none participation of the stakeholders that have knowledge of the application’s domain. The stakeholders are the interested people in one product, but in most cases, only the technical stakeholder are incorporated during the system’s implementation. While the non-technical stakeholders hold an unused knowledge during the software construction. Therefore, exists a few studies that explore the active participation of non-technical stakeholders during requirement elicitation. There are several techniques that could be used during the elicitation and description of the requirements. Commonly the techniques used are questionnaires, interviews, observation, etc. Yet, it is still possible to observe that there’s is little use of the techniques that put in the center of the process the user and their needs. But the persona shows itself as a relevant technique to consider the user needs and use experience. A variation of the persona called proto-persona is a technique that permits the creation of an artifact that characterizes a group of users by using the speciﬁc knowledge from a domain expert. That way, gathering information about the application and its possible users. The proto-persona is a tool to evaluate the stakeholder participation during the software development. This master’s project has the objective to investigate the non-technical stakeholder contribution during the requirements elicitation. Especially the requirements related to aspects of user experience. To investigate and evaluate the contribution of diﬀerent types of stakeholders, it was deﬁned an empirical study divided into three steps. The ﬁrst study focused in to investigate how the stakeholders used the proto-personas technique during the elicitation of the requirements to a given application. The second study explored the use of the ﬁrst study’s artifacts as support to design a solution to the application. And the third study evaluated how the second study’s solutions were adequate to a set of ﬁnal users. The results indicated through a detailed analysis (quantitative and qualitative) reveal that both non-technical and technical stakeholders contribute uniquely to the application. Both stakeholders focused on diﬀerent aspects and enrich the software development.
A obesidade abdominal acelera o declínio da força neuromuscular em pessoas com mais de 50 anos de idade? Conclusões do Estudo ELSA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-07)
Carvalho, Danilo Henrique Trevisan de
;
Alexandre, Tiago da Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5393622641681701
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9870989415070720
Objective: The present study aimed to analyze how the presence of abdominal obesity can hasten the muscle strength decline in individuals aged 50 years or older over eight years of follow-up. Methods: We used longitudinal data from 5.181 participants from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). The presence of abdominal obesity was defined by the waist circumference > 102 cm for men and > 88 cm for women. After the baseline evaluation, new assessments were performed after 4 and 8 years subsequently. It was used generalized linear mixed models controlled by sociodemographic status, behavioural characteristics, clinical conditions, neuropsychiatric factors, serum and functional markers with handgrip strength decline as the outcome. Results: Although abdominal obese men started the trajectory with greater muscle strength, they had a higher muscle strength decline over eight years of follow-up (- 0.12 kg per year, 95% CI - 0.24 – - 0.01) compared to those men without abdominal obesity. The same results were not observed in women. It is important to mention that the non-stratified models, controlled by sex, incorrectly demonstrated that this outcome was valid for both sexes. Conclusion: Abdominal obesity has different effects on muscle strength decline among men and women over time. The larger adiposity in the abdominal area is predictive for worse trajectory of muscle strength decline only in men.
Trabalho e Autonomia: entre as atribuições e caminhos do exercício do supervisor de ensino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-07)
Ribeiro, Elidia Vicentina de Jesus
;
Marques, Sílvio César Moral
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6047434055828372
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6034946635459600
The present research aims to analyze how the categories work autonomy in the development of the atribuitions of the superviser of the teaching in the state network São Paulo. As a research focus, we chose to conceptualize the term work, based on the theoretical foundations of Marx, and the term autonomy, presenting it initially as a polysemic concept and then emphasizing the analysis from the relation with the conceptions of Adorno and Horkheimer on emancipation. As specific objectives, the research sought to characterize the teaching supervisor, with a historical survey of the supervisor's performance, situating it in relation to the constitution of the position and identifying the existing relationships with the functions currently exercised by the supervisor of teaching, besides situá them within the structure of the State Secretariat of Education of the State of São Paulo. The methodology used is composed of bibliographical research on the themes of work and autonomy, a historical survey on teaching supervision in the State of São Paulo and the attributions of the position and its current characterization, documentary research from the legislation that concerns the functions of supervision of teaching, research through questionnaire application to the teaching supervisors of the Teaching Board of Itapetininga and interview with the Regional Director of the same Teaching Board about the work of the teaching supervisor. The data collected in the application of the questionnaires form and semi-structured interview were articulated with the bibliography researched, in order to seek a conclusion to respond the scope of the present study. The main results obtained refer to the analysis of the conceptions about autonomy that are present in the understanding of the professionals researched and how these relate to the possible paths of supervision of teaching, going beyond the limits of alienated work, aiming at the conquest of actions that represent the work and emancipation.
Blendas de amido termoplástico e PBAT processadas com auxílio da pulverização por cisalhamento no estado sólido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-07)
Lopes, Henrique Solowej Medeiros
;
Lucas, Alessandra de Almeida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9754332336954137
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5006391678583766
The use of biodegradable materials arise as a potential alternative for reducing environmental polution. For being found in abundance, low cost, biodegradable and provided from renewable source, starch has been a material of growing researches. Due to its low mechanical properties, high moisture absorption and recrystallization after storage, its use is limited. In this work, thermoplastic starch (TPS) blends with biodegradable polyester Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) were produced assisted by Solid-State Shear Pulverization (SSSP). The starch was plasticized in the presence of glycerol (25 starch wt%) and water (10 wt%) and processed under various PBAT contents (50, 60, 70 and 80 wt% of TPS). After blending, films were obtained by extrusion. The films were then evaluated for their processability, such as feeding, material handling, visual aspect and water absorption. Their thermomechanical properties were also evaluated by Dynamical-Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA) and tensile strength. Its crystallinity and retrogradation were measured by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and its morphology observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Polarized Optical Microscopy (POM). The SSSP processing step presented greater processability and material handling, with a better visual aspect. For high content starch blends (70 and 80 wt%), techniques showed similar mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, and water absorption. For low starch content (50 and 60wt%), materials produced by conventional extrusion presented higher mechanical properties, such as elongation, and lower water absorption. Both materials showed increased crystallinity over time. It was possible to observe native starch granules in both techniques’ steps, indicating low plasticizing degree.
Avaliação do mosto fermentativo de leveduras provenientes de cervejarias e otimização do processo de autólise industrial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-07)
Marcon, André
;
Souza, Dulce Helena Ferreira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428955299526003
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5060619928177915
Brewer's yeast, widely used in the fermentation industry, is an excellent source of protein, thus used by human and animal nutrition industries. Biomin Animal Nutrition of Brazil is an Austrian company that is renamed in the area of biotechnology, beginning its activities in 2008 in the city of Piracicaba - SP. Among its products is the autolysate yeast coming from the brewing process, acquired from large breweries in partnership with Biomin. This raw material can go through several fermentation cycles in the production companies, and these cycles can obviously cause interferences in the quality of this material. The detection of low levels of total protein in the final product (autolysed yeast), by Biomin, led to the interest of classifying the raw material from these breweries, in order to better understand its variables and how it can interfere with the process, also considering the steps of the standard treatment process of the raw material as well as the process of autolysis in a laboratory scale, in order to identify its flaws and promote optimization, aiming the quality improvement of the final product. The raw material was fully evaluated in the Biomin’s laboratories, where the parameters of pH, temperature, sensory (smell and color), dry matter content, cell viability, presence of residues, Brix level and the amount of protein, alcohol, acids and sugars were verified. It was found that there are small differences between the two main suppliers, mainly regarding alcohol, lactic acid, total protein present in the supernatant and cellular viability, being able to conclude that supplier "A" keeps better quality than "B" for physical-chemistry chacacteristics and higher viability too. However, generally speaking, the raw materials were considered to be of better quality than the expected before the experiments. There was also the analysis of the supplier "C" that contributed with different parameters from the two main suppliers. The knowledge of the nitrogenous content present in the in natura yeast (> 50 percentage) and its variation throughout the process was also recorded. As for the bench tests, which simulated the process of large-scale autolysis, it was possible to understand which stages were more harmful in the operation carried out in the company. Where, among them all, the most impacting was the exposure time of the yeast to the heating before centrifugation. Finally, by matching the understanding of the raw material characteristics to the better understanding of the stages of the process, it was possible to implement actions to a better handle of the raw material towards the desired final product and to define improvements for the production process.
O Programa Cidadania na Mesa e a perspectiva dos direitos humanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-07)
Silva, Williana Angelo da
;
Novelli, Jose Marcos Nayme
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4424638298219589
;
Sola, Fernanda
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2265749626773521
This dissertation aims to analyze the possibility of operationalizing a human right, in the case of food, through the implementation of public social policy, demonstrating that to ensure continuity of said policy it is important that it is properly regulated. For this purpose, the Citizenship in the Table Program - PCM, elaborated and operationalized in the city of Sorocaba was taken as object of study. The PCM in its implementation was composed of three fronts of action: healthy cooking in motion, the green basket and the food voucher, the latter being the only one regulating by municipal law. The PCM analysis was theoretically subsidized by the bibliographical research around the concepts of human rights, public policies, public management, human right to adequate food, and food and nutritional security. Data collection was promoted through semi-structured interviews, focus group and documentary analysis, with a qualitative approach. As a result, it was possible to verify possible points of improvement, of recovery and positive points in terms of attending to the population. The profile of the program was also evidenced as an action in line with the food and nutrition security policy, which should have its own apparatus and should not be subordinated to a specific transversal policy. During the course of the research, through the exchange of municipal management and cuts promoted by the federal government, the 'green basket' action and 'healthy cooking in motion' were canceled and the families were no longer met, confirming the hypothesis that regulation in law is fundamental for guaranteeing the continuity of a program linked to a specific policy and overcoming the practice of government policies, which are sometimes replaced without due impact and feasibility analysis.
BSCL: algoritmo de Busca Sequencial de Colisões Lineares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-08)
Netto, Marcelo Vaz
;
González, Sahudy Montenegro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826346918182685
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6289705767101706
Access to database indexes, compiler symbol tables, operating system commands, routing device ports, telecommunication registers, processor caches, among others, are inserted into areas of Computer Science research with a common point - search algorithm. These applications can handle large sets of elements where the cost of searching for a key can be high. Thus, there is a need to develop algorithms that, in addition to efficiency, focus on efficiency, both in processing time and in the use of system resources. This dissertation aims to propose a sequential search algorithm called Linear Collision Sequential Search (BSCL), based on the probabilistic distribution of Poisson, for large static data arrays where key columns are ordered and evenly distributed numbers. As a result, we present a comparison of the BSCL with an algorithm already consecrated and in use in several computational routines - Perfect Hash Table. The Experimental validation focuses on three metrics - processing time, number of iterations, and memory resources. The dissertation concludes that BSCL is superior to the Perfect Hash in computation time and memory resources. Its main contribution is to demonstrate that simpler routines can have more expressive computational results.
Efeitos do PECS associado ao Point-of-view Video Modeling na comunicação de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-08)
Rodrigues, Viviane
;
Almeida, Maria Amélia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0316944549621648
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1649678404661631
This study aimed to analyze the effects of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) associated to Point-of-view Video Modeling (POVM) on the performance of the communicative skills of children diagnosed with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Complex Communication Needs, as well as involve the parents, teachers and trainees of these children throughout the process. The specific objectives for the primary participants with ASD were: to analyze the performance during the intervention, to ascertain the level of independence, to monitor the vocabulary, to demonstrate the communication skills; for participants parents, trainees and teachers: to analyze the training given to the communication partners about the intervention, evaluate the performance of the communication partners during the PECS and POVM implementation, to develop a PECS Maintenance Guide for communication partners; to verify the intervention social validity. Three children with ASD with ages ranging from four to six years old and their respective parents, trainees and teachers, participated in the study. For data collection, the following instruments were used: Vocabulary selection worksheet; Participant Performance Record Sheet; Vocabulary Registration Sheet; Communication Skills Questionnaire; Questionnaire referring to the contents taught in the Theoretical Preparatory Course; Communication partners performance record sheet; Social Validity Questionnaire. The experimental design of multiple baseline design by subjects combined with the alternate treatments was used, PECS was associated to POVM being the independent variable and the communication skills were the dependent variable. Data were analyzed considering aspects such as: participants' performance percentage of correct responses; level of independence; vocabulary number expressed; percentage of participants' communication skills responses before and after the intervention; average percentage of responses before and after the theoretical preparatory course; correct performance percentage of communication partners. The results showed that from the beginning of the intervention, the data levels and trends changed, all the participants obtained the criterion, reaching 100% non-overlapping. In all phases of PECS associated to POVM the participants had an average percentage above 90%. As for the vocabulary, two participants performed the communication using figure and speech, while only a participant made the communication through the figures. There were gains in communication skills, even those that were not foreseen. The participants parents, trainees and teachers presented a change in the knowledge taught in the Preparatory Theoretical Course, in which the pre-test average was 70% and in the post-test 87%. Regarding the performance as communication partners they obtained the average of 69% correct answers at the beginning, in the end, they obtained an average of 91% of correctness. The PECS Maintenance Guide has been handed out to parents, trainees and teachers in order to assist them in meeting the needs of the PECS user. The study was considered as socially valid by the responsible, trainees and teachers. It was concluded that the participants with ASD indicated a change after the intervention, comparing baseline condition with intervention and follow-up, demonstrating a possibility in Augmentative and Alternative Communication for children with ASD.
Os currículos do curso de educação física nas instituições públicas do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-08)
Custodio, Vanessa
;
Kerbauy, Maria Teresa Miceli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4762029784021248
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7058159525722167
This research aims to verify the effectiveness, as a measure of public policy performance, of the curricular grades of the higher education public institutions that train physical education professionals. The career of multidisciplinary aspect has foreseen in its curricular guidelines the ability to manage resources and design programs and projects as well as work in multi-professional teams, besides teaching, research, physical and sporting training, deeper assignments. Therefore, it will be presented the paths of the physical education professional's profile construction as well as studies on public policy research and what parameters evaluate the performance of these policies. Lastly, the curricular grades will be decomposed in categories for the analysis of content and discussion about the public policy of the physical education professional training according to what is established in the National Curricular Guidelines and in the Brazilian College of Sports Sciences.
Memórias resistentes nos quintais quilombolas de Pilar do Sul (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-08)
Paixão, Gabriella Marques Leite
;
Rabinovici, Andrea
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4506171831521594
;
Sola, Fernanda
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2265749626773521
Quilombola communities have a long history of sustained resistance since slavery. Their traditions were oppressed and adapted to the reality they were forced to adopt, learning to relate to nature to survive, linking the memories of the representations of their identity to the new territory. In Pilar do Sul (SP), the quilombola community Fazenda Pilar claims the titling of their lands for the resumption of traditional subsistence practices. Approximately 70% of this territory has been urbanized, remaining only to the homegardens of their houses, reminiscences of relationship with nature. The participant research described here, sought to verify and describe if the traditional knowledge of quilombolas from Pilar do Sul are present in their homegardens. To this end, thematic interviews were conducted with quilombolas to record oral history. The results show that backyards preserve knowledge passed down through the generations, even if they are redefined, tainted or hidden.
Efeitos de terapia por contensão induzida modificada na funcionalidade e no desempenho ocupacional pós-AVC : estudo randomizado controlado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-08)
Garcia, Rafael Eras
;
Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7350460642976728
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2779928001935817
Introduction: The Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) is a family of treatment techniques with a behavioral approach derived from basic neuroscience, that aims to increase and improve the utilization of the affected upper limb of individuals with asymmetric use of it in their activities of daily living. The 3 hours a day protocol (10 days) requires a long period of attention from the therapist, raising the costs for rehabilitation institutions, decreasing the supply of care to be performed. Objectives: Compare the effects of modified CIMT (CIMT1h30) in relation to the protocol of CIMT3h and Control Group, on the functionality and occupational performance of hemiparetic subjects after stroke; evaluate the effects of the protocols of CIMT1h30, CIMT3h and Control Group on the quantity and quality of use of the paretic upper limb, from the participant's perception; evaluate the motor performance of the paretic upper limb and occupational performance; compare the influence of the behavioral package (CIMT1h30 X Control Group) in the results. Methodology: Single blinded randomized controlled trial, in which 30 participants were divided into three groups: (1) CIMT1h30: three sessions per week for four weeks, with an hour and a half duration each session; (2) CIMT3h: five sessions per week, for two weeks, with three hours duration each session; (3) Control Group: three sessions per week, for four weeks, with 40 minutes duration each session. The outcome measures used were: Motor Activity Log (MAL) and its two sub scales of movement quantity and movement quality; Wolf Motor Functional Test (WMFT); Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), and Saehan Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer and Saehan Hydraulic Pinch Gauge tests. Participants were evaluated in the pre- and post-treatment, as well as in the 6-month follow-up. The data were analyzed by the Tukey test for multiple comparisons (within-subject and between-group) and descriptive statistical analysis. Results: in relation to MAL and its two sub-scales, the participants of CIMT1h30 and CIMT3h presented significant improvement in the post-treatment, with maintenance of the results after 6 months (p <0.001), being the results superior to the Control Group. Regarding COPM, both for performance and satisfaction, the participants of CIMT1h30 and CIMT3h showed significant improvement in post-treatment, with maintenance of the results after 6 months (p <0.001); only the CIMT3h group presented statistical difference in relation to the Control for satisfaction. Analyzing the WMFT results in relation to time, the three groups showed a significant reduction in the time of test execution in the post-treatment (p <0.05), however, in the 6-month follow-up, only the CIMT1h30 and CIMT3h groups maintained the results. It was not possible to identify statistical difference between groups. When the quality of movement was analyzed through WMFT, the participants of the three groups showed significant improvement in the post-treatment (p <0.01), with maintenance of the results after 6 months only in the CIMT3h group, while in the between-group analysis the CIMT3h group was superior to Control. In relation to strength tests, only the CIMT3h group showed significant improvement in the 6-month follow-up (p <0.008) on the Pinch Gauge, but there was no difference in the between-group analysis. In relation to the Hand Grip, it was possible to identify significant improvement in the post-treatment in the CIMT1h30 and CIMT3h groups (p <0.02), but in the follow-up only for the CIMT3h group (p <0.001); in the between-group analysis there was no statistical difference between the three groups. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that the CIMT1h30 protocol demonstrates potential to increase the use of the paretic upper limb of persons with motor sequelae due to a stroke, as well as in the perception of movement quality and occupational performance, with similar results as CIMT3h and higher than the control group.
Programa motivacional para o desenvolvimento de habilidades leitoras à alunos com baixo rendimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-09)
Torezan, Keila Roberta
;
Almeida, Maria Amélia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0316944549621648
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6085320218605556
Reading, as a learning tool for new conceptions and inestimable importance in the social context, has been pointed as one of the biggest school challenges., specially with matters in reading comprehensive, because there are many students who read but a few who understand what they read. Problems related to reading can obstruct the students’ development knowledge, in consequence of low school achieving. The teaching of reading abilities is essential for the advancement of the student with reading difficulties and, considering that low-achieving students are not motivated nor engaged in reading activities, motivation matters together with the teaching of reading abilities show up as something promising. Therefore, the main goal of this research was to develop, implement and evaluate a Motivational Reading Comprehension Program in association with the teaching of Reading Abilities for students enrolled in the elementary school that have low school achievement as a consequence of learning difficulties, learning disorders or to belong to the “público-alvo da educação especial” (Special Education Target Audience) and, also, as specific goals, to train graduation students to act as monitors in the Program; monitor the reading level of the participants during the Program; provide the teaching and the development of the reading abilities; elaborate tasks that promote the curiosity and, allow the students‘engagement in reading. This is an experimental research with qualitative and quantitative approach. Eleven students with low school achievement participated of this study, been that two participants have intellectual disability, two have autism, two have high skills and the other five have learning difficulties or disorders. Pre and after tests were done with the following instruments: Teste de Competência de Leitura de Palavras e Pseudopalavras, Compreensão da Leitura de Palavras e Frases and one Roteiro de Avaliação das Capacidades Leitoras and, during the Program application, one Roteiro de Observação and field diary were used. The results of the first part of the Program, related to the motivation matters, pointed for a change in the students’attitude in relation to the reading activities, with the increase of the engagement, auto eficácia beliefs and, an orientation in most part of the time by the intrinsic motivation. The Program also found the importance of the social matters for a bigger engagement in the reading activities as well as its efficacy to the diversity of students. The pre test show that, in spite of the students are able to read, they do not have the essential abilities domain for reading comprehension and, the after test registered a significant increase in the reading abilities domain of the students. We suggest that the Program can be replicated in the school classroom context to verify if it is effective for the school environment.
Competência em informação para pesquisa científica de estudantes de cursos tecnológicos do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo - IFSP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-09)
Dupin, Aline Aparecida da Silva Quintã
;
Silva, Márcia Regina da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5381461208053330
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8047591093601122
Information Literacy is an important requirement for individuals to be able to interact in this environment of continuous changes and accumulation of information to build knowledge. The objective of this work is to investigate how academic research is established regarding the Information Literacy of students of Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP). To this end, monographs were selected for public access in the home pages of the campuses, which resulted in a sample of 96 completion work. This research is characterized as qualitative-quantitative and has a descriptive and exploratory character. In addition to the literature review and literature review, analyzes were carried out in the monographs and in the Curricular Matrices and Political Pedagogical Projects of the selected courses. Finally, the home pages of the IFSP campus libraries were analyzed in order to identify the informational resources made available by the libraries to their users and to verify if there were any training and guidance in the construction of scientific research. The results obtained after the analysis of the monographies were satisfactory, demonstrating that the students are attentive to the methodological delineations for the construction of an academic work. The analysis of the curricular matrices and the Political Pedagogical Projects showed that there are no specific disciplines for the development of Information Literacy, but there are disciplines that work the necessary skills to develop this competence. With regard to libraries, it was concluded that there are isolated actions for the development of Information Literacy in libraries of the IFSP network. With the results obtained, it is inferred that the students have the necessary tools and knowledge for the development of Information Literacy and that the IFSP has supported and sought to strengthen this competence.
Trajetórias de resistência em escolas municipais com propostas de educação bilíngue inclusiva para surdos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-09)
Morais, Mariana Peres de
;
Martins, Vanessa Regina de Oliveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4768682330164550
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3312408116905586
Statements concerning bilingual projects for the education of the deaf did not arise suddenly and actively in inclusive schools. There was a shifting of knowledge configuring a new educational paradigm for deaf people. Perhaps influenced by power relations manifested through laws, decrees, social movements, community struggles and researchers that contributed to the implementation of inclusive bilingual school environments. In this study, these emergency processes were investigated through documentary analysis and interviews with school managers. The aim is analyzing the historical trajectory and the knowledge compositions that have activated a new bilingual inclusive educational scenario for deaf individuals, other than the inclusive proposals in consonance with the model supported by the guidelines that support discourses and practices in special education. Proposals and actions have been presented that try to break with this new paradigm towards the maintenance of a school centered in the Portuguese language. For this, is credited with the regulations for the changes of inclusive mainstream schools to the format of inclusive schools-polo bilingual. The archaeogeneal method developed by Michel Foucault, contributed to the historicization of the factors that allowed the emergence of bilingual projects as a field of research. We analyzed the conjunctures of displacements operated from one knowledge to another which implemented bilingual educational projects for the deaf education. In this sense, the relevance of this research was to contribute with the existing discussions about the displacements of knowledge for educational procedures, carried out in municipalities that adopt inclusive bilingual methods, in order to demarcate the history of social movements toward proposals of bilingual polo-schools.
Biblioteca como infraestrutura de apoio para a Educação a Distância
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-15)
Ferreira, Ligia Leite Castelli
;
Gracioso, Luciana de Souza
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0334868163241500
The problem of research investigated comes in a critical aspect related to distance education, the development of research by distance mode students. Whereas higher education values by teaching, research and extension, argues that the library is one of the main support equipment to increase of this triad. Thus, the general objective of this research is to analyze and discuss the role of the library as infrastructure to support distance education. The specific objectives are: to describe the panorama of distance education in Brazil, highlighting the guidelines of the Ministry of Education for the operation of this equipment, in the context of distance education at the Federal University of São Carlos; characterize and discuss the University Library and your action potential in distance education; systematize and present the research overview in EaD, analyze the situation of construction and use of information hubs with interest in the chacarterization of the libraries of the poles; analyze Community Library products and services of the Federal University of São Carlos to discuss the existence or no of items developed specifically for these audiences and, finally, an analysis and discussion of the results. In order to operationalize the study were used the following methodological procedures: literature review on EaD in Brazil and documentar research on governamental sites; bibliographical research and subject analysis on library Science and related fields; systematic review of 749 abstracts published in proceedings of the International Symposium on distance education (SIED) from 2012, 2014 and 2016; a systematic review of the literature in Data Bases in Information Science and Education; documentary analysis of reports produced by the Foundation of institutional support to the Scientific and Technological Development of the UFSCar, available online; analysis of online government documents and analysis of the interface of the Community Library of UFSCar; analysis and discussion of the results found with the research work shows that the format of the distance in Brazil leads to weaknesses in the planning of the physical infrastructure of library, which is reflected in the quality of services offered; systematic review of SIED shows only 4 scientific articles on the theme library and distance education a total of 749 scientific articles; the theme library and distance education in Information Science and related areas reveal 45 articles. Finally, authors that deepen the theme library and distance education comprise the library as a pedagogic resource while the Brazilian government documents to describe how physical infrastructure, a mismatch. And, the university library is represented by the UFSCar Community Library offers online services in data bases via proxy for remote users. The conclusion is that the library role have not been captured in the Brazilian universe of distance education, it is not well established. Although the library's contribution opportunities for distance education in terms of physical structure materials and insertion in the teaching learning process there is still no formal action of University Library institutionalized involved in public distance higher education actions.
Avaliação cinemática da mandíbula e efeito do tratamento por terapia manual e estabilização segmentar da coluna cervical na disfunção temporomandibular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-15)
Calixtre, Letícia Bojikian
;
Alburquerque-Sendín, Francisco
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7551905278202959
;
Oliveira, Ana Beatriz de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1049547759186556
The central aims of this PhD thesis were: (1) to verify the reproducibility of kinematic variables during maximum mouth opening (MMO) and (2) to investigate the regional interdependency between the upper cervical spine and the orofacial region, using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) where was collected kinematic and clinical outcomes after a physiotherapeutic treatment for the neck in women with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Therefore, 4 studies were developed. The First Study investigated the reliability of the kinematic analysis of the jaw movement in asymptomatic subjects. The results showed that the reproducibility of the measures depends on the data analysis and on the variables. Static measurements like jaw radius and width were the most reproducible ones. Furthermore, the interincisal distance during MMO and the angular movements of the jaw in sagittal plane presented the smallest errors and should be used in future studies. In general, the variables with low amplitude were less reproductible, with higher Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and Minimum Detectable Change (MDC). Finally, the inter-rater comparisons presented larger limits of agreement and more frequent outliers. The Second, Third and Fourth studies were elaborated from one RCT that included 61 women with TMD, divided into two groups: Control Group (CG) and Intervention Group (IG). IG was submitted to 10 sessions of physiotherapy based on manual therapy applied on the upper cervical spine and stabilization exercises to the neck, for 5 weeks. The CG did not get any intervention for 5 weeks. Clinical and kinematic variables were collected on baseline and after 5 weeks by a blind rater. The analysis of the Second study aimed: (1) to determine the effectiveness of the protocol to reduce orofacial pain intensity on IG compared to CG, after and during 5 weeks (2) to verify the differences between the groups after 5 weeks on the following secondary variables: Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) of the masticatory muscles, mandibular function and headache impact in women with TMD. The results showed significant decrease of orofacial pain intensity since 4 weeks of treatment in comparison to CG and in comparison to baseline. There were no significant differences on PPT and no clinically relevant differences on mandibular function. The Third study was based on a secondary analysis of the RCT in order to (1) provide the Minimum Clinical Important Difference (MCID) from the variables related to orofacial pain, headache impact, sensibility of the masticatory muscles, mandibular function and the performance of deep neck flexor muscles, according to an anchor method of analysis, using the Global Rating of Change Scale (GRCS); (2) verify which outcomes can predict the moderate or large response to the treatment. The analysis provided MCID values for variables related to maximum, minimum and current orofacial pain using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), for the Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire (MFIQ), for the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), for the PPT of the masticatory muscles, for the MMO measured with a caliper, and for the Craniocervical Flexion Test (CCFT). On the univariate regression analysis, among all the outcomes, the ones related to pain and the HIT-6 presented better capacity of discrimination between patients who largely or moderately got better from those who did not. On the multivariate regression analysis, the combination of minimum pain (or any other pain score) and HIT-6 presented the best capacity of discrimination between patients who largely or moderately improved from those who did not. Finally, the Fourth study focused on two clinical variables and several kinematic variables, with the following objectives: (1) verify the effects of the intervention on the behavior of kinematic variables related to range of motion and coordination of the head and jaw during MMO, speech and chewing in women with TMD; (2) verify the differences between the groups regarding the performance of the deep neck flexor muscles (according to the CCFT) and the perception of the patients regarding their global status of health (according to the GRCS) after the intervention/control. The results showed absence of significant effect of the intervention on the kinematic variable´s behaviour regarding range of motion and coordination between head and jaw during MMO, speech and chewing in women with TMD. On the other hand, the IG presented significant improvement on the GRCS, as well as on the CCFT. In general, this thesis enabled the kinematic evaluation of the jaw in order to investigate the normal or pathologic biomechanical patterns of the jaw, provided reference measures for the interpretation of clinical variables related to TMD, that can be used on the clinical settings and research fields, so future studies can continue to investigate this population. On top of that, this thesis cooperates for the evidence of regional interdependency between the upper cervical spine and the jaw, filling some of the knowledge gaps on the literature and suggesting ideas for future studies.
O Ages and Stages Questionnaires Brasil (ASQ-BR) no monitoramento do desenvolvimento de crianças de 5 a 50 meses de idade que frequentam centros de educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-15)
Ramos, Maysa Marinho Antunes
;
Della Barba, Patrícia Carla de Souza
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6448489426438006
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3815423697983947
It is well known that early childhood care is crucial to the development of the child. Thus, the demand for quality public services is made factual, considerably increasing the diligence for day-care centers and pre-schools. Kindergartens and preschools constitute development contexts with unique potentialities, since they bring together and accompany a large number of children from time to time and are therefore an important space for monitoring children's development. In Brazil, the scarcity of specific instruments for monitoring child development is a problem, since the number of children at risk of delay is relatively high. Recently adapted to the Brazilian context, the Ages and Stages Questionnaires Brazil (ASQ-BR) has been referred to internationally as an excellent instrument for monitoring child development, demonstrating good psychometric properties. It is in this sense that the present project aims to outline the overall development profile of children from 5 to 50 months of age who attend the Municipal Child Education Centers of a municipality in the interior of São Paulo, through ASQ-BR. For this, the educators applied the instrument with 392 children, whose performance was analyzed quantitatively. As a result, it was obtained that, in general, 97.96% of the children were born at term, 51.79% are female and are located in the questionnaires from 36 to 48 months. Girls performed better than boys in all categories, but this difference was only statistically significant in the categories: Fine Motor Co-ordination and Personal-Social Coordination. The highest scores were obtained in the category of Large Motor Coordination, Communication and Problem Solving, and the lowest scores were in the Personal-Social category and the Fine Motor Coordination category. The two categories with the highest incidence of delays were the Personal-Social category and the Fine Motor Coordination category, respectively. As for the applicability of the instrument in the context of early childhood education, by educators, it was clear the importance of monitoring child development, especially by these professionals and the need for complementary instruments that allow a more targeted look at the individuality of each child. In addition, the ASQ-BR was identified by these professionals as an important source of information that, in the course of the research, reverberated positively in professional practice and, consequently, in the development of the participating children.
Uma abordagem para visualização espaço-temporal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-02-15)
Vieira, Ana Paula dos Santos Braatz
;
Ribeiro, Marcela Xavier
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0300141044144026
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4405285515636602
Analyzing and understanding spatial data that varies over time is a complex task. Usually, the data is arranged in a tabular or text form. We developed the ST-Vis (SpatioTemporal Visualization) tool to provide a visual representation of spatiotemporal data, which must help users to understand the temporal variation in a region when combining the parallel coordinate graph with a geographical map, the temporal texture, and a table. The temporal texture results in a representation of colors for the variation of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), each texture cell refers to a period to be analyzed. ST-Vis provides a simultaneous spatiotemporal representation of data, and the visualizations interact with each through animations. We evaluated the ST-Vis tool through a conversation with some domain specialists in the area, and through a form applied to some experts in the field, students and teachers in the area of agribusiness, computing, and other areas. It has been found that ST-Vis assists users in understanding spatiotemporal data through generated visualizations