Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2018-03-07"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 13372

A subfamília Euphorinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) em gradientes altitudinais da região Sudeste brasileira, incluindo considerações taxonômicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-07)
Almeida, Luis Felipe Ventura de
;
Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8653393020960839
Insects constitute a large fraction of the biodiversity and are fundamental to the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. Among the insects, one of the most speciose and important groups are the parasitic Hymenoptera, which act to control populations of various phytophagous insects, and are therefore of great ecological and economic importance. Despite its recognized importance they are still poorly studied, especially in the neotropical region, where the knowledge about this group is quite limited. A large fraction of the species is not yet formally described and very little is known about their distribution patterns. The present study aims to contribute to the taxonomic and ecological knowledge of the subfamily Euphorinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in Brazil, focusing on the diversity present at areas with altitudinal gradients in southeastern Brazil. Four altitudinal gradient areas were studied: 1) Serra da Bocaina National Park, São José do Barreiro, SP 2) Itatiaia National Park, Itatiaia, RJ 3) Alto-Montana Natural Heritage Private Reserve, Itamonte, MG and 4) Serra do Japi Biological Reserve, Jundiaí, SP . A total of 743 specimens belonging to the subfamily Euphorinae were found, distributed in 16 genera and 125 species, a considerably large number when compared to the 22 formally described species recorded in Brazil. The genera Leiophron, Meteorus and Microctonus were dominant in the samples representing 40.38%, 28.40%, 16.29% of the total specimens respectively, and 37, 33 and 21 morphospecies. Significantly more females were found than males, and the sex ratio varied with altitude. The Malaise traps represented about two-thirds of all material sampled, however the genera Chrysopophtorus, Pygostolus and Zele were caught only in light traps and the genus Holdawayella in Moericke traps. Considering the totality of the material obtained the highest diversity was found in the altitude range between 1200 and 1700m. Twelve new species are described and illustrated, in the genera Centistes (two species), Centistoides (one species), Ecclitura (one species), Marshiella (one species), Meteorus (two species), Pygostolus (two species) and Streblocera (three species).
Relação entre módulos de elasticidade de peças estruturais e de corpos de prova de madeiras tropicais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-07)
Lanini, Tamiris Luiza Soares
;
Christoforo, André Luis
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7623383075429186
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2908137484917795
In terms of sustainability and civil construction, wood, a natural, renewable and easily obtainable material, has a good relation between resistance and density, and due to its versatility, it is an excellent alternative for employment. Therefore, the Brazilian legislation regulating wood structures projects establishes assumptions and calculation methods for the design of structures, as well as the test methods for obtaining the physical and mechanical properties of the material. It should be noted that the determination of strength and stiffness properties is based on test specimens of small dimensions and free of defects that may differ from structural parts and directly affect the performance of projected structures, as evidenced by studies applied to planted forest woods (Pinus sp. And Eucalyptus sp.). Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the equivalence between the modulus of elasticity obtained from test specimens of small dimensions and free of defects and of parts with the aid of the tests of static flexion and transverse vibration and analysis of variance. (Caryocar villosum Aubl.) and Peroba Mica (Aspidosperma polyneuron Müll.), were studied in the study of five tropical wood species: Caixeta (Simarouba amara Aubl.), Tauari (Couratari spp.), Cambará (Erisma uncinatum Warm. Arg.), Distributed in the resistance classes of the hardwood group. At the significance level of 5%, it was verified: reliability to the transverse vibration method to obtain the modulus of elasticity (p-value 0.647); equivalence of the means between modulus of elasticity in the static flexion and in the compression parallel to the fibers of structural parts and specimens (p-value of 0.767 and 0.308, respectively). Therefore, the moduli of elasticity obtained through the tests of static bending and parallel compression to the fibers in specimens can be considered as properties of structural parts.
Os efeitos do treinamento resistido e da reposição com estradiol em ratas ovariectomizadas sobre a glicemia, insulinemia e morfologia de adipócitos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-07)
Marini, Fernanda Danieli
;
Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2320419879756652
Ovariectomy (OVX) in rats simulates menopause and results in decreased levels of estrogen, and may be associated with morbidities such as central obesity and metabolic abnormalities. (TR) in the adipocyte area of the mesenteric and retroperitoneal deposits and in the insulin sensitivity of OVX rats. Thirty female Sprague-Dowley rats were divided into 5 groups: Sham-Sedentary (Sham-Sed), Ovariectomized-Sedentary (Ovx-Sed), Sham-Treated (Sham-TR), Ovariectomized-Trained (Ovx-TR) and Ovariectomized- Sedentary-Replacement (Ovx-Sed-RE). ER was made by silastic capsules containing 17β-estradiol at weeks 0 and 6. The RT lasted for 12 weeks. The morphology was evaluated by histological analysis. As ovariectomized rats (Ovx-Sed, Ovx-TR) presented higher body mass and body fat when compared to the Sham-Sed group. As concentrations of glucose and insulin are similar in all experimental groups. As OVX rats presented greater area of adipocytes in the mesenteric and retroperitoneal deposits and as trained rats showed a smaller area of the adipocytes in the same deposits. However, most of the receptors were observed in animals treated with both mesenteric and retroperitoneal deposits, thus suggesting that estradiol replacement may have been performed at supraphysiological doses. It was concluded that OVX rats submitted to 12 weeks of RT present lower body mass and adipocyte area in the mesenteric and retroperitoneal deposits.
Ensino de inglês para alunos surdos: materiais didáticos e estratégias de ensino.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-07)
Spasiani, Monique Vanzo
;
Silva, Vera Lucia Teixeira da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4421134009136228
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1303220684033694
Despite the increasing recognition on the topics of diversity and on the issues of deafness, the teaching and learning of Foreign Language (FL) by deaf students in Brazil still present problems, especially regarding the absence of certified professionals to work with such audience, which makes it a process based on instructional material (IM) available to the teacher, such as the textbook (TB) - not yet specifically developed for the education of deaf people. Researches point to the importance of the IMs in teaching-learning of a FL and to the question that their choice/elaboration/adaptation should be conscious and coherent to the group of students they are destined for (TOMLINSON, 2001; ALMEIDA FILHO, 2013; etc.). From this perspective, in a qualitative-interpretative way and through a case study (YIN, 2005), we investigated, with this study, which characteristics aspects present in the IM and teaching strategies (TE) make them favorable to the learning of English language as FL by deaf students, considering the educational needs of such audience. Therefore, the English language (EL) classes of a mixed group (deaf and hearing students) of the 8th grade of an inclusive public school were observed and recorded in a research journal. In addition, with the aid of questionnaires combined with interviews with deaf students, Brazilian Sign Language educational interpreters and English teacher, we reflected about the types of IMs and TE that are pertinent to this context in order to support the teacher's work and to not leave her/him at the mercy of TB. Based on some authors such as Lacerda, Santos and Caetano (2014), Sousa (2008, 2015) and Almeida Filho (1993, 2013), the analysis of the data suggested that there are two important axes in which the IMs and TE must be based on to be potent in FL education for the deaf: visuality and the parallel between languages, always focusing on the target foreign-language and through a communicative perspective. In addition, resources such as images in their traditional meaning, videos and films, the use of the blackboard, tables, concept maps, illustrated dictionaries, mock-ups, slide shows, digital technologies and the writings in the notebook and in the TB, if supported by the axes described and directed to their target audience, can be very useful and positive to the process of teaching and learning English as FL by deaf students. Finally, the aim was to defend the teaching of EL as a mean of social inclusion, since only inserting deaf students into the school space of hearing ones or guaranteeing the presence of a Brazilian Sign Language interpreter in the classroom, but not allowing them access to methodological resources that could facilitate their learning, does not mean an appropriate inclusion (ROSA, 2006; LACERDA, 2006). It is understood that the results achieved here can greatly contribute to the pedagogical practices of professionals in the area of Special Education and FL teaching, as well as teachers and future teachers of deaf students, with the purpose of presenting them different ways of dealing with these students in the classroom and making them reflect on the importance and role of teaching materials and specific teaching strategies in that context.
Dependência da anisotropia magnética efetiva em função da temperatura e concentração de níquel de amostras nanoparticuladas de NixCo1-xFe2O4
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-07)
Dalla Costa, Leonardo José
;
Oliveira, Adilson Jesus Aparecido de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4640148190073166
;
Gualdi, Alexandre José
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5751113105751035
The study of nanoparticles has generated great interest in recent years in several areas of research. For example, multiferroic composite magnetoelectric materials, in which ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity occur simultaneously enables, for example, the development of new sensors. In this way, the combination of ferroeletric materials and ferrites, in particular CoFe2O4 and NiFe2O4, is interesting since these materials are isolating oxides with high transition temperatures and high saturation magnetization. The effective magnetic anisotropy of the CoFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 ferrites show a significant change due to the Ni2+ and Co2+ ions distribution in their spinel structure. Besides that, the anisotropy is also associated with magnetostriction, amongst other magnetic properties of the material. Therefore, it is possible to study several magnetic properties of a material through analysis of the effect of the magnetic field and temperature on the effective anisotropy. In this work, the effective magnetic anisotropy was studied as a function of the temperature for nanocristaline nickel doped cobalt ferrite samples (NixCo1-xFe2O4 , x = 0,0; 0,25; 0,50 and 1), prepared via combustion synthesis assisted by microwaves. TEM analisys shows the nanoparticles have spherical shape with a mean grain size ranging from 50 nm to 85 nm. Magnetic characterization were performed in a Vibrating Sample Magnetic Properties Measurement system (MPMS3-VSM SQUID), by Quantum Design, with magnetization measurements in function to the temperature and the magnetic field. Effective magnetic anisotropy was obtained by adjusting the magnetization curves using the saturation of magnetization approach (LAS). The results shows the effective magnetic anisotropy of the samples NixCo1-xFe2O4 (x = 0,0; 0,25; 0,50 and 1) are in agreement with the literature, considering the values of the applied magnetic field, temperature and mean grain size. For the samples NixCo1-xFe2O4 (x = 0,25 to 0,75), the values change differently from the weighted mean between nickel and cobalt concentration, which was expected, because Co2+ ion is substituded by a Ni2+ ion in the spinel octahedral subnet, which results in a Ni-Co interaction.
O Brasil pelo mundo: a forma melodramática de Avenida Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-07)
Basso, Maressa de Carvalho
;
Costa, Flávia Cesarino
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1653890782950111
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3165143543640108
The soap opera Avenida Brasil, shown by Rede Globo in 2012, is considered a milestone in the history of soaps operas in Brazil. In addition to bringing the C class as its main theme, in particular due to populist government policies, this importance was due to the fact that it is, up to the present moment, the fictional narrative from the country exported to more nations and also to bring in its narrative and aesthetic aspects that classify it as a pioneer. This research aims to show what these aspects were and how they were presented and identified by the public. For this purpose, historical moments were used, as well as concepts relevant to this identification.
O Impacto das variações cambiais nas exportações do milho e do algodão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-07)
Souza, Dallas Kelson Francisco de
;
Castro, Eduardo Rodrigues de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5702172673123334
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8674146442961426
Since the begining of the 21st century, the exports of corn and cotton have increased, increasing the Brazilian participation in these international markets. In addition to the technological changes incorporated to the cultivation of these crops, this performance can also be attributed in part to the bigger competitiveness in the international market due to the devaluation of the exchange rate started in January of 1999. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the main determinants of the exported quantum of these crops, with emphasis on the influence of the exchange rate variations on export performance, taking in account its impact on the prices. The theoretical framework is based on the hypotheses about export supply, which assumes that agricultural exports depend largely on the domestic constraints of the exporting country. It was also adopted the theoretical concepts about the exchange rate pass-through. To reach the proposed objectives, we opted for the multivariate time series instruments. It was tested the time series stationarity conditions and performed the cointegration tests based on the methodology proposed by Johansen (1988, 1995), which allows to specificate the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), and to separate short and long-run components. Four Vector Error Correction Models (VECM) were specified, which are: corn export supply, cotton export supply, the exchange rate pass-through to corn export prices and the pass-through rate to the cotton export prices. Additionally, these models were estimated using the Vector Structural Model of Error Correction - SVEC, consistent with the theoretical framework adopted in this research. The results indicate thatthe main determinants of maize and cotton exports were, in the long run, the crop prices. It is important to highlight the importance of the real exchange rate to raise maize exports while textile production decreases cotton exports. The exchange-rate pass-through to the maize export price was incomplete which implies that exchange rate changes influences the exporter's competitiveness. By the other side, the exchange rate pass-through was null for cotton prices, which indicates effect so that it to only impacts the exporter's mark-up. The results indicate that maize and cotton exporters obtained income gains in domestic currency when there was a devaluation in the exchange rate in the analyzed period. In summary, the Brazilian cotton market showed significant integration to the international market, as it presents a high coefficient of international price transmission.
Problematizar situações de ensino e desenvolver habilidades cognitivas: estudo sobre a importância das folhas para a planta e o ambiente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-07)
Küll, Cláudia Roberta
;
Zanon, Dulcimeire Aparecida Volante
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1811225448261362
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0825252208888343
This research had its origin as the result concerning teaching methodologies by the researcher and teacher of Science for elementary school class, acting for 15 years in a private school in the countryside of the State of São Paulo. It aims to analyze the relations between problem-questions elaborated by the teacher with the cognitive skills developed by students of a 7th grade elementary class about the activities performed according to the elaborated arguments. Based on these purposes, the specific goals are: promoting a study about the importance of leaves to the plants that has an interdisciplinary, contextual and inquiry approach; analyzing the hypotheses elaborated by the students, relating them to the results obtained and promoting the reflection about scientific activities to develop high order cognitive skills. Therefore, the research questions were: which cognitive skills can be developed by 7th grade elementary school class departing from the study of the importance of leaves to the plant and the environment in an inquiry perspective? Which relations can be established between problem-questions proposed by the teacher according to the teaching purpose and the answers presented by the students to favour the argumentation and promote the development of high order cognitive skills? For this purpose, the research involves the participation of eighteen students of a 7th grade elementary class of a private school in the countryside of the State of São Paulo. We used as data acquisition instruments the written and photographic records from the students and the audio and video recording of the activities. The data analysis methodology was based in two instruments: to analyze the problem-questions proposed by the teacher we used the instrument created by Suart (2008) that categorizes them in three levels of requirement; whereas to analyze the arguments in the answers of the students towards understanding the cognitive skill levels we were inspired by the Suart and Marcondes (2009) instruments. Among the results of the problem-questions we could identify a bigger number of P2 questions; the P3 categorized questions were presented exclusively during the three final moments. According to the expected to the answers, we verify a movement in agreement with the problem-questions, in other words, in the initial activities there was a bigger number of answers categorized as N1 and N2, and according to the outgoing of the activities, the trajectory of the questions was followed, with the appearance and posterior concentration of N3 and N4 level answers. We detected that the student feels more motivated when he actively participates of the activities. We also noticed a direct relation between the student's performance in activities proposed and the level of requirement of the teacher in her problematizations. One of the contributions of this study stays in the development of an instrument that complements that one that already exists to analyze the students answers when referring to argumentation connected to cognitive abilities. A possible implication of this research to Science education area relies in considering the teaching-learning process done by using high order cognitive skills is desired, but the teaching strategies and the evaluation methods chosen by the teacher must be aligned to this end.
Parâmetros cinéticos da cristalização de sacarose em diferentes escalas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-07)
Barros, Guilherme López
;
Bernardo, André
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7700801843048493
This work aims to determine kinetic parameters capable of describing the crystallization of sucrose using bench scale and pilot scale reactors. Sucrose was chosen because it is a very important product for Brazil, which is responsible for exporting 50% of the world's import demand, being the biggest producer and exporter of sucrose in the world. In order to obtain the necessary parameters to optimize existing equipment and to enable the design of new ones, 15 experiments were carried out in a reactor with a volume of 1 liter, the bench scale reactor, and 5 experiments in a reactor a volume of 10 liter, identified as the pilot scale reactor. In the bench reactor the turbidity of the suspension was monitored, which can be related to the crystal surface area, and in 12 out of 15 experiments were varied the stirring velocity, the cooling rate and the initial sucrose concentration, 60, 70 and 80 rpm, 0.106 ⁰C/min and 0.760 ⁰C/min and 3.7 and 2.9 gsucrose/gwater, and the solution was seeded 2 ⁰C below the saturation temperature. In the other three experiments the stirring speed was set at 70 rpm, the cooling rate was set at 0.185 ⁰C/min and the initial sucrose concentration was sat at 2.9 gssucrose/gwater and the solutions were seeded at 4, 9 and 14 ⁰C below the saturation temperature. The experimental results of the cooling crystallizations in the bench scale reactor and the pilot reactor obtained and the adjusted kinetic parameters are presented and discussed. It is concluded that agglomeration occurs intensely during the crystallization of the sucrose, surpassing the secondary nucleation and that the experiments with a stirring speed set at 70 rpm in the bench reactor were the most affected. The temperature significantly affects the kinetics of crystallization and the estimated mean nucleation and growth parameters apply at both scales. A general adjustment was made with all the experiments that presented a good potential, since it was adjusted taking into account the speed at the tip of the impeller, thus being able to have the parameters adapted for different scales or operating conditions.
Estudo da continuidade de elementos pré-moldados com emendas por luvas grauteadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-07)
Bachega, Luís Augusto
;
Ferreira, Marcelo de Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4199122391532470
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5748675324090365
The aim of this paper was the validation of the monolithic equivalence applied to precast columns with grouted splice sleeve connections, wherein spliced precast prototypes have been compared with continuous monolithic prototypes. An experimental investigation with four points bending tests has been conducted for two spliced prototypes (L1 and L2), wherein the deflection along these prototypes were confronted against the results obtained from two monolithic prototypes (M1 and M2). In addition, grouted splice sleeve connections have been characterized by their stiffness (moment-rotation relationship), strength and ductility, allowing the calibration of the equation for the secant stiffness according to NBR9062:2017, wherein the effective deformation length within the connection zone was about Led = 15 fb, corresponding to an average secant stiffness of Rsec = 77.785 kNm/rad. Concerning to the experimental results, a release of relative rotations within the grouted joint has been observed for the spliced prototype. However, the deflections along the precast spliced prototype were in good agreement with the deflections along the monolithic prototype, with good convergence for all the phases of the load x displacement curves, with equivalence between the experimental results in terms of stiffness, strength and ductility, meeting the requirements for the monolithic equivalence. In addition, the trilinear diagram of M-0 that could be used for design was characterized and validated, and it was also define a way to design the connection through the fixity factor aR so that it promotes a continuous joint in precast concrete elements.
Permanência e Evasão na Educação a Distância: uma análise dos cursos subsequentes do IFSULDEMINAS Campus Muzambinho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-08)
Gomes, Simone Aparecida
;
Carvalho, Joelson Gonçalves de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0141039743607067
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0132564022107034
The creation of the Federal Institutes, expanding their campuses and the increase in the supply of vacancies of distance education has provided the democratization of access to education. However, high rates of evasion are observed by those institutions, a problem that causes economic losses. In the face of this reality, this study sought to investigate what are the rates of evasion in the institution and to identify the factors that contribute to the permanence and circumvention of technical courses students following the distance offered by the Federal Institute of Education, science and technology of southern Minas Gerais-campus Muzambinho. The sample analysed was subsequent courses offered students in the distance at the polo capital of Alfenas. The obtained results demonstrated that the factors that contribute to the permanence are the support of the family and the professional recognition and the factors that contribute to the avoidance are the lack of face-to-face lessons, the difficulty of performing stage, the difficulty to understand the contents and to reconcile work with their studies.
Saberes docentes e desafios no ensino de Português língua estrangeira na atuação de professores em formação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-08)
Izaki Gómez, Marina Ayumi
;
Viana, Nelson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252579012192711
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9617486141616121
The projection of Brazil in the political-economic scenario and the internationalization of Brazilian universities have amplified the demand for qualified professionals to teach Portuguese as a Foreign Language (PFL). As a consequence, it is acknowledged that PFL teachers must be prepared to deal with the challenges that arise from teaching their mother tongue as a foreign language, which highlight the necessity and relevance of studies focusing on the preparation process of PFL teachers. According to Leffa (2001), one of the most discussed topics within the teacher education is the importance to differentiate the term teacher education from the term training. The former is related to the teachers’ reflection process according to their own teaching practice, and the latter is connected to the execution of tasks that achieve immediate results. In order to foster the reflective practice, it seems to be necessary to create opportunities, so teachers can, collaboratively, with other colleagues, engage themselves in a process of developing a broader comprehension related to the teaching and learning processes. Therefore, it is relevant the presence of, at least, one expertise teacher. Following this premise, the overall objective of this study is to reflect on the teachers knowledge that pre-service teacher education operate in the teaching of Portugues as a Foreign Language or as a Second Language in immersion context. The specific goals of this study are to analyze expectations related to the teaching of PFL (prior teaching knowledge) presented by pre-service teachers, to verify which knowledge teachers operationalize in practice to deal with teaching specificities (linguistic and cultural), analyze the types of challenges teachers face when they are teaching their native language for speakers of other languages, and to explore context variables in teacher’s practice. This research is theoretically based on studies on reflective processes of teacher education and teachers knowledge (SHULMAN, 1987; SCHÖN, 2000; TARDIF E RAYMOND, 2000; LEFFA, 2001; CHARLOT, 2005; ZEICHNER, 2008; DUTRA, 2010, ALVAREZ, 2010; KANEKO-MARQUES, 2011; ROCHA E GILENO, 2016), and its methodology will rely upon an ethnographic qualititative perspective. The contexts of data collection were in Brazil (pre-service teacher education). We indicate as the main result of this research the need to carry out collaborative work with the pre- service teacher education and to create opportunities so that they can develop reflective practice on the pedagogical action. We expect that this study will contribute to a better understanding of specificities related to PFL teaching practice, in Brazilian contexts, allowing pre-service teachers to (re)define their pedagogical practices.
Transgêneras nos espaços universitários - as alunas trans
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-08)
Castelani, Gisele Aparecida Zutin
;
Pimentel, Andréa Eloisa Bueno
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9330438553830026
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9814956676596270
To be able to meet the demands of the transgendered students at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), in order to make the university a more favorable place for coexistence among the different ones and respect for diversity is the proposal of this dissertation. It is believed that within this educational space the flags of struggles should be better discussed and worked on, contributing with answers or proposals that can promote equity, ensuring that differences in identity are valued and that institutional processes adapt to differences. For the construction of the field in which this research is inserted, there are knowledge such as sexuality, transgender people, inclusive public policies in higher education, the pros and cons of affirmative actions, UFSCar and its policy of affirmative action and assistance, which includes the Secretariat for Affirmative Actions, Diversity and Equity (SAADE). As methodology we have Oral History. Their choice proved to be a source of social reading that begins with the individual, then opens the range for their collectivity and through the unveiling of reality presented by them we can contribute to the construction of solutions and interventions. The main difficulty in the research was the acceptance of transgendered students participating in the research. However, the research was qualitative rather than quantitative. Four transgender students from UFSCar were interviewed, one being a dropout. There was a shady scenario for trans within the Institution, but the presence of SAADE offers comfort, support, representation to them. All of them presented proposals for a better university and all were unanimous in highlighting the importance of raising the awareness of all staff, especially teachers and reception staff of transgender people. As a conclusion, the proposal is that, besides being a rich source of contribution along with alternatives that may minimize the situations raised and be a source for future research on the subject in question, it may result in practical actions, educational and informative actions, so that they can help the University not only in its institutional policies but also in being a pleasant space of learning and no longer a place of exclusion and invisibility.
O uso de honeydew por aves (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) na Mata Atlântica do sudeste do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-08)
Capelão, Raissa Sequini
;
Piratelli, Augusto João
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0419962296972086
Honeydew is a carbohydrate solution produced and secreted by scale insects (Hemiptera), which feed on the phloem of host plants, removing nitrogen compounds for protein synthesis. Here we analyzed factors that may affect scale insects (Stigmacoccus paranaenses) (Stigmaccocidae) secretion of honeydew on Inga trees, and described its use as a feeding resource by birds in a rain Atlantic forest area, in southeastern Brazil. We performed 359 hours of observation on 25 focal trees from the first fortnight September 2016 to fortnight September 2017. We recorded twenty-five bird species feeding on honeydew, totaling 3,261 visits. Sixteen of these species were never recorded feeding on honeydew before. Most of the visits occurred in the morning (7:00 am to 8:00 am) and in the winter months, and the most recorded species were Bananaquit (Coerebinae) and Tanagers (Thraupidae). Golden-chevroned Tanager (Thraupidae) was the species that most actively defended the resource, with 44% of all 759 observed agonistic interactions. We verified a seasonal variation in honeydew production, peaking in the austral winter time and absent in the summer. Honeydew consumption is intrinsically linked to variation in its availability, which is negatively affected by temperature. We found evidence of resource partitioning among honeydew consumers, which includes not only birds but several arthropods. Although honeydew may be a seasonal opportunistic resource, it seems to be highly worth defending, because of its high sugar concentration, composition, and its easy-access, leading to a positive trade-off.
Políticas Linguísticas e impacto social: a língua estrangeira no Enem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-08)
Blanco, Juliana
;
Paula, Sandra Regina Buttros Gattolin de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9228036521343293
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5956499257075926
The objective of this study was to investigate how and which language policies justify and serve as a basis for Enem (Brazilian National High School Standardized Exam) foreign language (English and Spanish) tests; how this exam can impact classes, beliefs and practices of students and teachers; and, additionally, whether these beliefs and practices influence the official language policy. In order to achieve the established objectives, the theoretical foundation of this research was based on studies addressing language policies (SHOHAMY, 1993, 2006, 2008; SPOLSKY, 2004; TOLLEFSON, 1991, 2006; RAJAGOPALAN, 2013a e 2013b; RIBEIRO DA SILVA, 2011, 2016; RICENTO, 2006; CALVET, 2007, WILEY, 1996; among others) and social and political aspects of foreign language exams (SCARAMUCCI, 1999, 2001, 2005, 2010; MCNAMARA, 2001; BACHMAN; PALMER, 1993; CHENG, 2008; ALDERSON; WALL, 1993; among others). A qualitative, interpretative ethnographic methodology was employed. The research was developed in a Primary and Secondary Education municipal public school located in the city of São Paulo, and it involved 34 students and two teachers. Two questionnaires were used, one for the students and the other one for the teachers, and notes were taken during three consecutive months in the field from the observation of Spanish and English language classes taught to two groups of students. In addition, in order to understand the official language policy, we have analyzed the Brazilian Law of Educational Guidelines and Fundamental Principles (LDB) in effect between 1996 and 2015, the LDB significantly amended in 2016, Law 11.161/2005, regarding the offer of Spanish classes in High School and which was revoked in 2016, and the documents directly related to the exam and, mainly, to the foreign language test. The achieved results revealed students’ and teachers’ beliefs about foreign languages, college entrance exams, Enem and its foreign language test. An overestimation of English language was identified in the questionnaires; however, this estimation was not explicitly reflected in classes. Most participants agree that the exam should evaluate foreign language and deem the possibility of choosing between English or Spanish test to be positive. The impact of said exam is more evident in Spanish classes and nearly inexistent in English classes. Lastly, the changes in the official policy made simultaneously with the development of this study were discussed, and they suggest inconsistencies regarding the beliefs and realities of the investigated classes, indicating that the impact of the exam on official language policies is almost inexistent.
Moldura analítica para priorizar a automação de processos de trabalho na UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-08)
Danini, Thiago Sentanin
;
Melo, Erick Lazaro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0531869501074485
;
Amaral, Roniberto Morato do
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6958372164719600
Brazilian public organizations face daily difficulties to adapt to the demands of society, following the evolution of information technology concerning to business management models. In this sense are the Federal Institutions of Higher Education, which seeks to meet the society demand for affordable and quality higher education, as well as contribute to the scientific and technological development of Brazil, have seen their organizational processes reach a high complexity and diversity degree. However, the practices and methods adopted to execute these processes are often obsolete and not automated, which may compromise the achievement of their institutional project. Furthermore, resources scarcity made the decision-making procedure a key factor in organizational management and in this sense the identification and prioritization of which processes should be worked first is important. The overall aim of this research, based on the business process management approach, was to develop and apply an analytical molding (matrix) of prioritization as a way of evaluating and set priorities how much the of work process automation initiatives in UFSCar. The action-research was used as a method and the case-unit was the Informatic General Secretary of the Federal University of São Carlos. The results included both the development of an analytical molding (matrix) of prioritization to analyze the work processes and to define priorities regarding the systems development as well as their application in the case-unit, which involved four steps: 1] Diagnosis of the current situation; 2] Development of the matrix; 3] Application of the matrix; 4] Analysis of results. Concludes based of the theoretical discussion and analysis of the results that, through the proposed analytical molding, it was possible not only to know and analyze the processes considering their characteristics and information, but also to subsidize the choice of which process should be automated first. Furthermore, the use of the Prioritization Matrix provides transparency and credibility toward choice through establishing criteria.
Factors affecting bird fauna in patches of urban private forests in Southeastern Brazil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-08)
Campos-Silva, Lucas Andrei
;
Piratelli, Augusto João
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8819880403976234
Urban ecology has received attention in the recent scientific literature, but most studies are conducted in public areas. Many private closed gated communities have been created in Neotropical cities, often including patches of native vegetation. Fragments of native vegetation shelter a noteworthy urban biodiversity, and private areas could be managed together to public parks to offer friendly sites for urban avifauna. Yet, little is known about the importance of these private forests for bird conservation. Here we characterized the bird-fauna composition in patches of native private forests and analyzed the effects of a set of biological and environmental characteristics on birds. We performed this study in Sorocaba (Brazil) in 28 patches of private forests in 17 closed gated communities, from September 2016 to September 2017. We sampled bird fauna through 46 fixed-points counts (one to six per gated communities) and evaluated 16 environmental variables (14 local - vegetation structure - and two of the landscape) in plots of 10mx10m. We recorded 72 species of birds, mostly diet- and habitat specialists (58%). These private forests harbor many forest dependent/semi depend species (65% of all sampled species). Eight local variables have affected the species richness, diversity, abundance, trophic guilds, and forest dependence. Percentage of forest cover has influenced abundance, trophic guilds and forest dependence. Yet, patches of private native vegetation may be relevant refuges to urban birds, and proper management may enhance their role in maintaining a more specialized bird fauna.
Dietas alimentares e as emissões de gases de efeito estufa nas capitais brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-08)
Costa, Gabriella Nunes da
;
Aguiar, Danilo Rolim Dias de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1889207481986151
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7250790171382068
Food consumption has two distinct consequences on welfare: on the one hand, it determines the nutritional situation of consumers; on the other hand, it affects the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG), thus impacting global warming. In this context, this study aims to evaluate food consumption of different groups of consumers who reside in the capitals of the Brazilian states and in the Federal District, in terms of meeting their nutritional needs and causing GHG emissions. The results suggest that high-income consumers reach adequate level of nourishment through food consumption away from home. However, low-income consumers fail to reach food security, despite spending a considerable share of their incomes on food purchases. Consequently, Brazilian food insecurity can be attributed to limited access to food. Regarding GHG emissions, diets of high-income consumers are associated with higher emissions due to the consumption of beef and dairy products. If consumers adopted the most GHG-intensive diet, total emissions would between 29.0 and 62.2 thousand metric tons CO2 equivalent daily. Conversely, if all individuals consumed the least GHG-intensive diet able to meet their nutritional needs, total GHG emissions would be of 16.1 thousand metric tons CO2 equivalent daily. Thus, Brazilian policymakers should incentivize the consumption of diets which could meet people’s nutritional needs at a minimum environmental cost.
Identificação dos condicionantes para a criação de consórcios intermunicipais: estudo de caso na região nordeste do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-08)
Strazza, Mariane de Carvalho
;
Fonseca, Sérgio Azevedo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2879240108726907
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9241912464130248
In order to fulfill the commitments established due to the promulgation of The National Solid Waste Policy (NSWP – Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos - PNRS), The Federal Government, Federal District, States and Municipalities should elaborate and implement their Integrated Management Plans of Solid Waste, aiming to guarantee the adequate environmental handling of these wastes. It occurs that, most Brazilian municipalities, with emphasis on the small ones, do not have qualified technical staff or financial resources to implement management solutions to cater to all the parameters imposed by national policy. Despite this aspect, The NSWP motivates the adoption of consortiums as a management instrument of the handling chains of the wastes, which is why this research has sought to identify if the creation of an intercity public consortium aimed at the proper environmental management of solid waste, would assure the municipalities enough tools to confront all these challenges proposed by The NSWP. In order to do so, it has been performed a study of the municipal plans of integrated management of solid wastes, and/or the basic sanitation municipal plans of nine municipalities from the northeast region of Sao Paulo state, interviews not structured with the environmental Municipal Departments, desk researches about public consortiums and a case study of public consortiums of waste management in operation, the result has shown that, intercity cooperation really furnish locals with instruments to deal with the proper environmental handling of solid wastes and, therefore, it has been proposed the elaboration of a public consortium among locals who are participating in this research through the presentation of the preliminary version of the protocols of intentions.
Ecologia de invertebrados aquáticos em riachos de altitude do planalto de Poços de Caldas, MG, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-08)
Santos, Mireile Reis dos
;
Pamplin, Paulo Augusto Zaitune
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7293362176615851
;
Gessner, Alaíde Aparecida Fonseca
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8465752836529703
Streams are unique and isolated environments that include a wide range of species. These species have close relations with these ecosystems and may have different patterns of ecological responses. Thus, this study compared the communities of aquatic invertebrates of twenty-six (26) first to third order streams of three watersheds in a high-altitude region with different soil uses, chiefly eucalyptus plantations. Furthermore, investigated which component (space or environmental) and approach were decisive in the structuring of these metacommunities and relates them to the functional evolutionary traits of different taxonomic groups. A limnological comparison was made of the streams and watersheds using permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA). The structure of the communities was compared based on richness, abundance, and diversity (alpha and beta) and some metrics to determine environmental quality. The biological composition was compared by means of exclusive and shared taxa and frequencies of occurrence and dominance them. Was applied a Partial Redundancy Analysis – RDA- partial to verify the proportion of explicability of the environmental and spatial components. Limnological differences were detected between the three watersheds themselves and the streams in the watersheds. Richness and abundance accompanied the decreasing pattern for the watersheds from the best to the worst environmental quality and highlighted the differences between the watersheds in comparisonto the diversity indices. In general and in all three watersheds, most of the identified taxa were rare. Among the indicator taxa, the more sensitive clades had a higher probability of occurrence in the more preserved locations, while the more tolerant clades were more likely to occur in more impacted environments. The studied communities were less influenced by the spatial component and the environmental component was crucial to all taxonomic groups, albeit individually for each taxon. Both components correlated with the selected functional traits. In the studied region, changes to the landscape, especially resulting from the introduction of eucalyptus and the lack of conservation practices, can determine the elimination of resident aquatic invertebrates.