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O uso público nos parques urbanos e parques naturais de Sorocaba/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-14)
Kachinski, Kleber Vinícius Barros
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Santos, Maria Helena dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3419477918842537
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Leite, Eliana Cardoso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2186623269243747
Permanently discussed, the theme environment and nature becomes current in our society. Nowadays as great importance because it has a deep relationship with spheres of action and human interest, such as, work, education, leisure, etc. The topic brings values to all society as well it is influenced by the ruling social, economic and political structure. Environmental conservation and assure its use by the population is a central element to construction programs for the public use of urban parks and natural parks. It is essential to consider local characteristics while ensuring access to non-formal education programs based on culture and leisure practices. In order to collaborate for the discussion in areas related to the parks, the present work target to verify the appropriation of the public spaces in these areas by the population of Sorocaba and, as well as the policy of recreational activities, and the distribution of these areas in the city of Sorocaba. As a methodology, the study was developed through a combination of bibliographical, documentary and field research. As an instrument of data collection, direct observation in 8 city parks (4 delimited - fenced and 4 without physical delimitation - not fenced), with the use of field diaries and semi-structured interviews with visitors. The collected achieved some points like, of safety, the lack of activity policy, followed by improvements in infrastructure and environmental landscaping. There are parks in worse conditions that end up being underutilized and small frequency to the detriment of better-located parks and higher level of income around these parks receive more activities from public power and private initiative, visitors tend to be frequent in use, highlighting activities are more diversified. Although the high number of parks created, it is strongly necessary to rescue an intersectoral public policy, prioritizing environmental education, culture and leisure in the green areas of Sorocaba.
Investigação de julgamentos metacognitivos de informantes múltiplos sobre o desempenho de idosos em tarefas de memória
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-14)
Gonçalves, Maria Clara Miceli
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Schelini, Patrícia Waltz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185333517392859
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2502074000014289
This study aims to investigate metacognitive monitoring, laying emphasis on the metamemory of the elderly, through the analysis of relationships between performance estimated by them and their actual performance in standardized tasks that evaluate the operational memory; as well as to verify the relationship of the judgments of people close to the elderly regarding the performance demonstrated by them in the standardized tasks and the actual performance of the elderly in these tasks. The participants were 30 elderly people, both genders, aged between 65 and 90 years, and a person close to each one of them, totaling 60 participants. The subtests Arithmetic, Digits and Sequences of Numbers and Letters of the WAIS-III were introduced to the elderly along with a sheet with questions about their judgment of whether the items were correct. The Senior Metacognition Scale (EMETA-S) for evaluation of metacognitive abilities and the Mental State Mini-Exam (MMSE) as a means of indicating signs of dementia were also applied. To verify the judgments of people close to the elderly regarding the performance demonstrated by them in the standardized tasks, a scale composed of 23 questions was used that mention day-to-day situations related to short-term memory capacity and working memory, which were evaluated by subtests. The results of the subtests were correlated to a score obtained by the elderly in the EMETA-S and the answers related to the judgments of the elderly and the people close to the performance of the elderly in the three subtests. Strong and significant correlations were found at 0.01 between the judgments and the actual performance for the three subtests (Arithmetic r = 0.80, Digits, r = 0.66 and Sequence of Numbers and Letters r = 0.77) and moderate correlations and significant at 0.01 between judgments of close people and actual performance of the elderly in the WAIS-III subtests (Arithmetic r = 0.49, Digits r = 0.41, Sequence of Numbers and Letters r = 0.49). The results indicate that the elderly, caregivers and family members may be judging adequately the performance of memory tasks. Participants with more than 8 years of study tended to estimate their results more accurately compared to participants with less than 8 years of schooling. On the other hand, no significant differences were found in the age-group variable.
Os efeitos do aumento gradual da exposição a um ruído e do tempo de atraso em respostas autocontroladas e impulsivas em um esquema de escolhas concorrentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-14)
Santos, Samara Fernanda dos
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Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5687768630234438
In a context of competing choices, in which one choice leads to a minor and immediate consequence, and another that leads to a greater but delayed consequence, the choice for the first can be called an impulsive choice, and the choice of the latter can be called self-controlled. Many studies have been carried out in order to specify the variables that make it more or less probable to choose between one alternative and another. However, some variables have been analyzed less frequently, such as aversive events. In the present work, the objective was to verify the effect of the gradual increase to the exposure to a noise and the increase of the delay time on answers in a scheme of competing choices. Five adult subjects of both genders participated in the study. Participants were exposed to an ABAB reversal design. The experimental task in a concurrent scheme, which presented two stimuli simultaneously to the participant, in which the choice in one of them was followed by a greater and delayed consequence (larger amount of hypothetical money), and the choice in the other was followed by a minor consequence and immediate (smaller amount of hypothetical money). There were four experimental conditions: baseline with gradual increase in delay time; noise; baseline with stabilized delay time; noise. Under these conditions the manipulated variables were the increase of the delay time and the increase of the time of exposure to the noise. The results showed that for the participants who reached criterion in the first condition, the manipulated aversive variable produced the expected effect, that is, the reversion of preference. For the other participants, the results were not conclusive, since not all reached criteria for the other conditions. Some aspects may have contributed to this result, for example, the sound properties of the selected noise, the use of the same noise for all the participants, the disproportion between time of delay and amount to be obtained, among others. Future studies need to establish more effective procedures to achieve more precise stability criteria that allow all participants to be exposed to all conditions.
Estudo cinético da hidrólise de xilooligômeros por xilanases e beta-xilosidase na forma livre e imobilizada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-15)
Baldez, Thaís Oliveira
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Giordano, Raquel de Lima Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9695542424889786
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1122079311753828
This work aims to contribute to the development of the ethanol production process from xylooligomers (XO) extracted from sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose through the hydrolysis of XO to xylose, xylose isomerization catalyzed by xyloseisomerase (XI) and fermentation of the isomer to ethanol by Sacharomyces cerevisiae (Sc). All reactions will occur within a biocatalyst where the enzymes, previously immobilized covalently in other carriers, will be co-immobilized with the yeast in calcium alginate. The efficiency of this process for the production of ethanol has already been demonstrated by DEQ/UFSCar researchers, with an patent application request. The focus of this work is on the hydrolysis stage of XO to xylose, by the actions of endo / exoxylanases, β-xylosidase and auxiliary enzymes (Xyl). The objective of this work was to study different enzymatic cocktails in order to select and characterize the most suitable for the complete hydrolysis of xylooligomers/xylan in xylose. To facilitate this search, it was also necessary to develop a substrate that would allow efficient study of the action of endoxylanases. A xylan with the same commercial performance was then produced and extracted from the bleached eucalyptus pulp (holocellulose). The kinetic study was caried with the enzymes: Multifect A03139 (XAS-2) and Accellerase A03304 (XAS-3), two commercial complexes containing xylanases, auxiliary enzymes and β-xylosidase; a recombinant endo-xylanase from Bacillus subtilis (Verdartis) (XAS-1) and a recombinant in-house produced β-xylosidase (XAS-4). The latter two were also studied in the immobilized form XASI-1 and XASPI-4. The influence of enzyme concentration, temperature, pH and substrate concentration on xylan hydrolysis were evaluated. In addition, the thermal stability of each enzyme was assessed at temperatures of 32 (SHIF process) and 50 ° C. Kinetic models were fitted with initial velocity profiles data to estimate the kinetic parameters of the reactions. The inhibition effect caused by xylose and xylose / xylulose concentrations combined in β-xylosidases was also evaluated. For β-xylosidase (XASPI-4), it was possible to adjust a competitive inhibition model with two inhibitors. The long-term enzymatic hydrolysis assays were carried out with all the enzymes isolated and some combined, to evaluate the production profile of xylooligosaccharides, both at 50 ºC and 32 ºC. The hydrolysis with XAS-1 and XASP-4 combined obtained promising results, since it is possible to observe an increase of the conversion profile and the xylose production after 48 h of reaction. Tests were also carried out at 32ºC with liquors obtained from hydrothermal and alkaline pre-treatments of sugarcane bagasse. The obtained results allow a greater comprehension of each enzymes characteristics, assisting the preparation of an efficient enzymes cocktail to completely convert xylan to xylose.
Práticas de medição de desempenho em ouvidorias públicas das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-15)
Silva, Josiane de Fátima Rosa da
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Mendes, Glauco Henrique de Sousa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7564259060572565
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5619177438258727
Public ombudsmen are instances of participation and social control that have gained space within public institutions since the 1980s, with the return of democracy and as a form of popular expression. Its action should be directed at meeting citizens' manifestations (suggestions, praises, requests, complaints and denunciations) and assisting public institutions to improve the provision of public services. Normative Instruction OGU No. 01, dated 2014, regulates the performance of public ombudsmen, reinforces the need for public ombudsmen to produce and provide information on the activities they carry out and make them available through management reports, and it is interesting to adopt performance indicators for this activity, as pointed out by Law 13.460 / 2017. Therefore, it is important to observe the performance measurement practices adopted by the public ombudsmen of the Federal Institutions of Higher Education (IFES). To do so, the research method adopted was a field survey (survey) conducted in the public ombudsmen of the IFES. The results show that the use of such performance measurement practices is still incipient since only 27 of the 60 participating ombudsmen use performance indicators and develop performance measurement practices. However, it is observed that the adoption of these practices contributes to the improvement of the public management and to the control and social participation in the IFES.
A expansão do Instituto Federal de São Paulo: análise dos indicadores de desempenho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-15)
Oliveira, José Ricardo Moraes de
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Lizarelli, Fabiane Letícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4525431419326559
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7620705144995423
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the expansion of the Federal Institute of São Paulo - IFSP, in each of its three phases, on the professional education performance indicators required by the Federal Audit Court (TCU) to evaluate the efficiency, effectiveness and economy of the Federal Institutions of Vocational and Technological Education. It is an exploratory and descriptive research, taking as sources the Management Reports published by the IFSP in the period between 2001 and 2004, called "pre-expansion" and from 2005 to 2016, period of expansion, focusing on the collection and analysis of data referring to the 12 performance indicators of the 31 campuses in operation during this period. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the expansion of the vacancies offered a strong impact, with a decrease in the candidate / vacancy ratio and an increase in the admission / enrollment ratio, which adhesion of the Federal Institute of São Paulo to the Unified Selection System (SiSU) as a process for selecting higher education courses and consolidating the new campuses. The dimension of efficiency and effectiveness was directly influenced by the expansion process due to the number of students entering the new courses implanted in the new campuses to be much higher than the number of students who finished their courses, together with the influence of the high rates of retention of the school flow. The trend of improvement of results in this dimension is driven by pedagogical support actions. In the dimension of adequacy of the teaching workforce, the ratio between the number of students and full-time teachers has been maintained with an average of around 17 students per teacher and the titration index of the teaching staff has increased as new contracted professors already have master's and doctorate degrees and those who are already part of the board receive institutional incentives and their own career to pursue higher degrees of qualification. With regard to the adequacy of the budget, the personnel expenditure indicator remains the same, even as the proportion of investment spending increases during the most acute period of expansion, as the largest share in relation to total expenditures. The social inclusion dimension demonstrates the service to a low income population, providing an expectation of improvement of this condition through professional education for an average of 30% of the student body, through a policy of assistance to the student, allied to actions of socio-pedagogical monitoring.
Ecologia de comunidades de aves associadas a plantações de arroz irrigado em Santa Catarina, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-15)
Melo, Daniela de Carvalho
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Branco, Joaquim Olinto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3241905846920207
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8773375980859715
The southern region of Brazil presents more than 90% of its wetlands altered in rice plantations. This cultivation is developed in regions of fertile and flooded lands, with organic or inorganic management, acting as substitute natural areas for several groups of birds and arthropods, also associated with each other. Due to the lack of information on the subject in the country, this study analyzed and related communities of birds and arthropods that use inorganic management during a planting cycle between July 2015 and June 2016 in the municipalities of Itajaí, Garuva and Araranguá, SC, Brazil, also observing their association with environmental variables. Birds were recorded monthly in linear transects in each locality and arthropods and environmental variables were collected. Average abundance, relative abundance, relative frequency of occurrence and the indexes of similarity, diversity and equitability were calculated. Comparative analyzes between the municipalities were performed through the ANOVA, Kruskall-Wallis, ANOSIM and RDA Tests. Birds of 107 species were registered, with resident and occasional majority, as well as vulnerable taxa, migratory species of the Northern Hemisphere and new records for the state. In general, species richness and abundance were higher at the beginning and the end of the cycle, but there were no significant differences between areas due to the common presence of a few dominant taxa. The Araranguá crops had the lowest richness and diversity, possibly due to the shorter rice cycle, which offers niches for a shorter period of time. A total of 68 families of arthropods were collected, with richness and abundance equally related to the cycle. The RDAs among birds, arthropods and environmental variables presented high explanability values, evidencing their association in these environments. It is concluded that the state's rice fields offer varied resources throughout the year, harboring distinct groups of birds and arthropods, and are therefore important for the conservation of species associated with crops. In Araranguá an organic crop was studied and compared to one of the inorganic crops of the same municipality. The same comparative analyzes were employed. There were 61 bird species and 53 arthropod families. Through the comparisons, it was verified that richness, abundance, diversity and equitability of the organic cultivation were higher, as well as more exclusive and migratory species and one of high sensitivity were registered. It is concluded that the state's rice fields offer varied resources throughout the year, harboring distinct groups of birds and arthropods, and are therefore important for the conservation of species associated with crops, especially organic farming, which has proved to be more sustainable and less impactant on biodiversity.
A resistência em Clarice Lispector: uma aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-15)
Ferreira, Bianca Pulgrossi
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Pellegrini, Tânia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0280434883580627
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6552520757957773
The object of study of this work is the novel An Apprenticeship or The Book of Delights, published in 1969, by the writer Clarice Lispector. The main objective is to show that this novel can be considered a “resistance narrative”, according to Alfredo Bosi (2002). For that, we present a study of part of the critical fortune of the author, followed by a reflection on the concept of “resistance” and its connection with the historical context of the military regime of 1964. Finally, we are going to use these elements to compose a final analysis, showing that resistance operates in the novel through ironic and parodistic elements destabilizing norms, values and interpersonal and social conditioning, intensified in the period in question and aimed at destabilizing its reception. Thus, we intend to present a new reading perspective on the novel, which emphasizes its social-political character, in order to position the writer as a critic of her time.
Revolução burguesa e ensino profissional: o protagonismo da Comissão Brasileiro-Americana de Educação Industrial (1946-1961)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-15)
Bordignon, Talita Francieli
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Ferreira Junior, Amarilio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0559543214040895
The present thesis aims to analyze the protagonism of the Brazilian-American Commission for Industrial Education (CBAI – Comissão Brasileiro Americana de Educação Industrial) in the substitution of imports in Brazil and the actions to promote bourgeois hegemony through industrial technical schools. The objects of analysis are the CBAI Bulletins, monthly periodicals published by the commission between 1947 and 1961. The historical development of the Brazilian society shows that the patrimonialism explains the interpermeation between the public and private spheres, where it is difficult to identify the subjects who compose the State and those who constitute the dominant classes. This study tried to identify the subjects who acted as agents of the Bourgeoisie Revolution in Brazil in this period and characterize the development of capitalism in the country as peripheral and autocratic, increasing social inequalities, as observed by Florestan Fernandes. In order to make itself hegemonic, the Brazilian bourgeoisie behaved as an organic intellectual, interested in destroying the possibilities of the implementation of a non-capitalist society and focused on solidifying the liberalism in all the spheres of collectivity. The Bourgeoisie Revolution agents acted organically and articulated with the international elites, operated the ideological inculcation of the American way of life, with values associated with the industrial liberal society, and the Americanism and Fordism led the whole process. The industrial technical education was the stage and the strategy the owners of the power used to operate their desire to maintain the bourgeois liberal order. John Dewey’s New School principles were spread in the industrial technical schools by the CBAI in order to root liberal society ideas in the workers’ mentality and daily lives, in an attempt to maintain the society organized into antagonist classes and avoid the order revolution. The unifying differentiation, as proposed by Émile Durkheim, was the method that consolidated the liberal democracy in a way to perpetuate the economic differences between individuals and those belonging to the bourgeoisie, the latter in their hegemonic position of owners, exploiting labor for capital accumulation. Moreover, soviet pedagogy principles are mentioned, placing labor as a pedagogical element, in order to understand the liberal counterpart and the bourgeoisie panic, along with their effort to design the superstructure. The research took the historical and dialectical materialism as theoretical and methodological referential and used analytical categories pertinent to the method, such as the notion of organic intellectual and the extended state according to Antonio Gramsci. In summary, the analysis aimed to understand the dialectic relation between the superstructure conformation – search for consensus – to control the infrastructure and production relations, preventing the working classes from taking power.
As relações institucionais na aprovação anual da proposta orçamentária em nível federal: um estudo comparado entre o Brasil e o México
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-15)
Oliveira, Carla Patricia Mania de
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Novelli, José Marcos Nayme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4424638298219589
The present work is a comparative study between Brazil and Mexico, at a Federal Level, approaching the institutional relations in the coalition government during the annual budget cycle stage aiming at evaluating of proposals for public resource allocation. The scope leads this studies to an analysis of Executive Branch and Legislative Power interactions in the decision -making process of budget arena and mutual influence in the definition of annual public spending by modifying the initial proposal, amending and approving it. This stage involves a complex political negotiation where the participants have distinct incentives and they aim determine budgetary initiatives which will deserve the resources allocation to the detriment of other possibilities. The aim is to understand institutional relationship, limits of the activities, incentives of participants and the boundaries of inter-party and inter-institutional cooperation which leads to approval of budget proposal. In this way, this research makes a review of the institutional condition and the structure of budgetary institutions of each country, a systematic analysis of the organization and transparence , dynamics of the decisions, competences and prerogatives of participants, the extent of decision makers, external sources of pressure, structure of public spending, the constraints on resource allocation an re-allocation and the dimensions actually available for change. The research is carried out through a bibliographic and documentary procedure, with a qualitative approach, exploratory descriptive objective from a comparative perspective of Brazilian and Mexican institutional scenarios from 1988 and 1997, respectively.
Hipoelipticidade global para sublaplacianos, perturbações de ordem inferior, resolubilidade e hipoelipticidade global para uma classe de campos vetoriais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-16)
Ferra, Igor Ambo
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Barostichi, Rafael Fernando
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3582461114222090
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Petronilho, Gerson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5917989984472668
We start this work by recalling a class of globally hypoelliptic sublaplacians defined on the N-dimensional torus introduced by Cordaro and Himonas in 1994 and studied by Himonas and Petronilho in 2000. We consider a new class of sublaplacians that generalizes this one and prove that it is globally {omega}-hypoelliptic if and only if the coefficients satisfy a diophantine condition involving a new concept of simultaneous approximability with exponent {omega}. We also recall the Petronilho's conjecture (2006) for the smooth hypoellipticity and present a new class of sublaplacians for which the Petronilho's conjecture holds true in the ultradifferentiable functions setup. Motivated by the works of Petronilho and Zani (2008) and Chini and Cordaro (2017), we considered a vector field in the 2-dimensional torus with constant and real coefficients and we analyze the hypoellipticity and the solvability of this vector field when it is perturbed by a negative-order pseudodifferential operator. We find a non-negative order \sigma_0 such that for all operators with order less than to \sigma_0, the perturbed operator preserves both the global hypoellipticity and the global solvability of the initial vector field. This study was done in both the smooth case and the Gevrey case. Finally, we generalize, for a particular class, the work of Petronilho and Zani for the N-dimensional torus. Our study was motivated by the study of the Gevrey solvability of perturbations by Gevrey functions of the vector field system given in the first level of the complex studied by Bergamasco and Petronilho (1999).
Novo dispositivo de medida de rigidez arterial - pOpmètri® e suas correlações com análises morfométricas e densidade de colágeno em artérias de ratos de diferentes idades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-16)
Fabricio, Mayara Florencio
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Cardoso, Sandra Lia do Amaral
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2030708742766455
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8489087810108071
Arterial stiffness measurement, evaluated by pulse wave velocity (PWV), is a predictor of cardiovascular events. Among the main factors that affect arterial stiffness are cross-sectional area, medial wall thickening, wall-to-lumen ratio and collagen density. Recently, a device using finger-toe pulse wave velocity was validated for humans study, but to better understand the mechanisms that change arterial stiffness, it is necessary to use the arterial vessel for genic, proteic and histological analysis. Therefore, a new device – popmètre® – was designed for measurements of PWV in animals and it was not validated yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity, reliability and objectivity of a new device pOpmètri® 1.0 for animal studies. Forty-two Wistar rats were allocated into 3 groups of different ages: Young: 1 month; Adult: 4 months and Older: 12 months. Two photodiodes were positioned on the right thoracic and pelvic members for PWV measurement, on anesthetized rats. Then, aorta, carotid, femoral and renal arteries were extracted and prepared for morphometric and histological analysis (cross sectional area – CSA, wall thickness and collagen density). Results of PWV and vessel structure were then correlated using Pearson correlation test (p<0.05). As expected, PWV was 46% higher in adult rats compared with young rats and 20% higher in aged rats compared with adult ones. Cross sectional area was significantly higher in aged rats compared with young rats in aorta (+151%), carotid (+94%), femoral (+62%) and renal (251%) arteries. Wall thickness was not altered among groups. Also, collagen density was higher aged rats compared with young rats in (aorta: 276%; femoral: 290% and carotid: 234%). A significant correlation was observed between CSA and PWV in all arteries: aorta (r=0.5642; p<0.001); carotid (r=0.6854 p<0.001); femoral (r=0.6642 p<0.001) and renal (r=0.7817; p<0.0001). Wall thickness did not correlate with PWV. In addition, collagen density correlated with PWV in aorta (r=0,8854), femoral (r=0,9031) and carotid (r=0,9051). The results of this present study allow us to suggest that PWV measurement, obtained by a new device pOpmètri® for small animals, was able to detect age-related vessel structure in rats. The device was approved of tests of validity, reliability and objectivity.
Análise do impacto da previdência rural sobre as áreas rurais do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-16)
Zague, Arthur Sardeiro
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Rodrigues, Rodrigo Vilela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7066100737307566
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2240341620532015
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of rural pensions on the reduction of poverty in rural areas of Brazil in the period from 2004 to 2015. Currently, more than 70% of total benefits issued by the Social Security Rural are pensions worth 1 minimum wage. This benefit corresponds to the pension received by the special insured persons, whose access to the benefit is granted by proving the exercise of rural activity. Special insured persons are rural workers who carry out their activities under the family economy regime. In order to carry out the present study, the influence of income growth and inequality reduction on poverty reduction was verified. After this initial analysis, the per capita household income (RDPC) of the rural households analyzed was broken down into 8 income sources. Then, the role of each source of income in income growth and in reducing inequality was verified, with a priority focus on the source of income related to special insured pensions. The analyzes were conducted for two groups: rural households in general and households with at least one special insured beneficiary of retirement. The results indicated that income growth had a decisive impact on the poverty reduction of the two groups analyzed. For rural households in general, at least 79.3% of poverty reduction was driven by the growth of the RDPC. Similar situation was observed for the group containing only households with at least one special insured beneficiary of retirement, where it was verified that the contribution of the growth of the RDPC was at least 73.7%. Decomposition and analysis of the RDPC revealed that for rural households as a whole, special insured pensions accounted for approximately 29% of RDPC growth in the period under analysis. For households with special insured beneficiaries of pensions, this source of income accounted for an even greater percentage of this growth, around 65%. The analysis of the impact of income sources on the reduction of inequality revealed a small contribution of the benefit of the special insured to the reduction of inequality in the rural households as a whole, so that around 4% of the reduction in the observed Gini index is associated with this portion of income. For households with special insured persons benefiting from pensions, the participation of the social security benefit in the reduction of the Gini index was substantially higher, approximately 54%. Thus, the presented results show that there is evidence of the performance of the social security benefit received by the special insured on the poverty reduction of the two analyzed groups.
Diretivas para a avaliação da sustentabilidade em soluções computacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-16)
Galindo Junior, Newton Antonio
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Neris, Vânia Paula de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0268728255033469
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6254707383083590
Throughout human history the consumption of natural resources has increased rapidly. The great leap happens at the moment we are inserted, the Third Industrial Revolution or Information Revolution - now highlighted by gadgets - of all order, such as smartphones, smartwatches, tablets, among others. There is continuous production of hardware and software, with direct impacts on the environment, economy and society, which characterizes the tripod of sustainability. According to the World Commission on Environment, Sustainability and Development, sustainability is defined as "meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" (Amsel et al., 2011). In computational solutions, the impacts of the processes and methods used to design, deploy, and maintain them for sustainability issues are not usually measured by common development practices. Considering this problem, implying a lack of concern for sustainability in computational solutions, it is necessary to consider the issues of this scope, seeking direction solutions as suggested by the first great challenge for the Human-Computer Interaction area in Brazil (GrandIHCBr) - "Future , Smart Cities and Sustainability" (Neris et al., 2012). From this scenario, this research seeks to provide guidelines that help the team involved in the project to evaluate aspects of sustainability in computational solutions. The work started from a survey of the literature and a consultation to the computer community in Brazil that allowed to perceive the state of the art and the tacit knowledge in the subject. The literature also supported the choice of a reference model that was instantiated with the participation of 5 systems analysts and 3 researchers in computing. 21 directives were formalized. The directives were then presented to an industry professional and a university professor in computing for appreciation. The results suggest that the proposed policies can be considered as guiding factors for the design of computational solutions.
Atividades de letramento na Educação Infantil: o trabalho com a literatura como elo entre as modalidades oral e escrita
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-16)
Ranzani, Ariane
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Atleo, Marlene R.
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Martins, Maria Sílvia Cintra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9241992645160356
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8527412807113872
The aim of the research, based on field research, is to understand how the translation phenomenon, presented in the retelling stories genre can estimulate the construction of children's identities. In other words, how the transition from a literacy event to another, grounded in the reading Children's Literature books, can contribute to the kindergarten children go through the oral and written language modalities in an attempt to read a book, interpreting, transforming, transcending, translating, venturing through multiple literary translation activities. The theoretical references of this work start from the idea of rhizomatic transversality and it is based on: 1) New Literacy Studies (BARTON & HAMILTON, 1998; KLEIMAN, 1995, 2002, 2007; MARTINS, 2007a, 2008; STREET, 2006, 2010, 2012, 2014) which investigates the conception of autonomous and ideological literacy models, literacy practices and literacy events, and discussing the importance of the genres of discourse and Children's Literature for the literacy and the development of language in its oral and written modalities; 2) Translation Studies (PAZ, 2009; LOTMAN, 1996; MARTINS, 012, 2013, 2018), which focuses in the concept of translation as creation and (de)construction, relating the translation to literacy practices as a way to enable the child to access the language in a competent and autonomous way, being a producer and consumer of texts; 3) Historical-Cultural Psychology and the Theory of the Activity (LEONTIEV, 1978a, 1978b, 2014a[1981], 2014b[1981]; VIGOTSKI, 2001, 2007; VIGOTSKII, 2014[1933]; VYGOTSKI, 1995[1931]) which examines the conceptions of the leading activity, zone of proximal development, higher psychological functions, affective-cognitive development, and cultural artifact; and 4) Critical Discourse Analysis (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001; MEURER, 2005), one of the cornerstones of our data analysis, which highlights the role of language in social transformation and allows us to analyze the relations present in the process of oral and written languages appropriation within a game of subjectivation and translation carried out by kindergarten children. This study is based on a qualitative-interpretative paradigm (BOGDAN & BIKLEN, 1994), participant (EZPELETA, 1984; ANDRÉ, 2005) and ethnographic perspective (STREET, 2010) and it investigates: a) how the transition from one literacy event to another and from the storytelling activity to a retelling activity, in which the child simulates a reading based on the adult reading activity, could contribute to the development of children texts producers and consumers; and (b) how literary translation activities can encourage the construction of children's identities. Thus, the results highlight the pertinence of literary translation activities in the sense of providing the transition of the child by the most varied discursive genres, establishing links between oral and written modalities of language; by considering child’s play as the leading activity in the affective-cognitive development that makes possible the child literary translation activities; and also, by enabling the child to enter the world of language subjectively and creatively, transforming it and transforming itself.
Análise mista das imagens em livros didáticos de química de segunda série do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-16)
Souza, Ivan Pollarini Marques de
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Silva, Rosebelly Nunes Marques da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7921735904003583
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Silva, Caio Marcio Paranhos da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793686262868668
The present work was devoted to the study of the images contained in chemical textbooks approved in PNLD-2015. It aimed to classify the nature of the images contained in the themes Solutions and Colligative Properties according to the categories proposed in the taxonomy of images proposed by authors of the area, in addition to classic themes of PNLD-2015. The theoretical framework was based on the Theory of Semiotics by Charles Pierce and the Triangle of Johnstone and Johnstone-Kiill. The results obtained in this work show the predominance of the use of inoperative photographs in the textbooks, being these linked to the text by means of verbal labels. The images favor the Macroscopic dimension to the detriment of other dimensions, weakening the understanding of chemical concepts at the submicroscopic level, as well as the low percentage of images and texts that deal with the History of Science, contributing to the conception of individualistic, elitist and perfect Science.
Prisma de formação caribenha: a produção social de uma consciência oposicional em C. L. R. James e Oliver C. Cox
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-16)
Borda, Erik Wellington Barbosa
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Silvério, Valter Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421231847055027
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2238174087935960
This work consists in a contrast between the initial trajectories of two black authors of Trinidad and Tobago; C. L. R. James and Oliver C. Cox. The period of beginning is marked, in this research, from the birth of these authors until the publication of their magnum opi, 1938 for James and 1948 for Cox. The contrast was made having as its based a path opened by the Jamaican theorist Stuart Hall when he debated his trajectory, i.e., the idea of prism of Caribbean formation. It is argued, then, that the intellectual production of Afro-Caribbean authors may be read in the interstice between a flight from the dynamics of oppression inherent to a place of nonhumanity, the zone of Nonbeing, and the validation logics and horizons of possibilities reserved to black intellectuals in different national contexts. The magnum opi that marks this research’s chronological frame also denounces these dimensions through theoretical displacements that the authors have accomplished by a forced dialogue with Universalist Western intellectual traditions by which the authors they were formed.
ComentCorpus: identificação e pistas linguísticas para detecção de ironia no português do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-16)
Pedro, Gabriela Wick
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Vale, Oto Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2277403284693571
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3367416478527735
Opinions on the Web have been increasing progressively and, thus, has aroused interest in areas of study of Linguistics and Computation, for example. In this context comes the Sentiment Analysis, or Opinion Mining, which aims to analyze computationally opinions, emotions, feelings and subjectivities present in texts (LIU, 2012), however, certain subjective sentences can carry irony, transforming the meaning of a sentence. This dissertation aims to investigate expressions of irony in social media, focusing on the description of linguistic devices as clues of irony in opinion texts in Brazilian Portuguese. To understand the functioning of this figurative mechanism, we will start from the search a corpus constructed by new commentaries from the Folha de S. Paulo portal. In addiction, based on pragmatic and cognitive theories, we developed a corpus annotation scheme for opinions and their intentions: ironic, other types of irony or non-ironic. As a result, we have obtained a list of subcategories that characterize expressions of irony that allow to collaborate with the development of the NLP area and Sentiment Analysis and, in addition, to improve tools of automatic identification of opinion through the descriptions and the linguistic resources elaborated here.
Educação ambiental e formação de professores para a conservação da fauna do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI - SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-16)
Silva, Nathália Formenton da
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Silva, Rosana Louro Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2635824351245453
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9496815844157966
The Fontes do Ipiranga State Park (PEFI) is an Atlantic Forest Conservation Unit (UC) located in the city of São Paulo and has a unique feature: it houses several institutions in its interior, such as the São Paulo Zoo and the São Paulo Botanic Garden (JB), among others. The PEFI presents more than 210 species of vertebrates, however, much of this fauna is threatened by anthropic actions because it is inserted in an urban area. Some problems are: the risk of running over, electrocution, illegal hunting / capture and transmission of diseases and predation by invading domestic animals. Our main objective was to elaborate and apply a teacher education course, from a critical, emancipatory and transformative environmental education (EE) perspective, to two schools located around the PEFI, in order to identify the dimensions of the educational process, the dimensions of social learning (AS), in addition to the EE aspects. The research was developed in a qualitative approach, based on the presuppositions of action research. Thus, we signed a partnership with two state schools, one elementary school I and another elementary and secondary school, in which 47 teachers from all areas of knowledge participated. The research had a procedural character, being developed in four moments: the first consisted of a socio-environmental diagnosis with the participants; the second was the preparation of the course based on the diagnosis data, meeting all the demands of teachers and schools; the third time consisted of the application of the course, which had a total of 20 hours, being 8 presential and 12 at a distance, with development of EE activities in schools and student visits to the São Paulo Zoo; the last moment of the research was the analysis of the data and the course. As a result, we identify all dimensions of the educational process: the dimension of knowledge, ethical and aesthetic values and participation, the first one prevailing, but also the dimension of participation was well considered. As regards AS, its dimensions - reflection, communication, negotiation, action and participation - were also identified, which allowed us to relate both theoretical references in a critical EE perspective. Also with the course analysis, we could note that, although this was based on critical EE, the EE strand that was most identified in the course was pragmatic EE, which did not exclude the other strands and, in some aspects, the conservative and critical lines emerged. In this way, the training course addressed the main characteristics of effective continuing education courses, including, in part, pedagogical knowledge of content, active learning methods, collective participation, duration and coherence. Thus, we hope the course has contributed to the awareness of those involved, so that they become interested in the environmental issues of PEFI and become involved in the fight for the conservation of this UC.
Ecologia de Phimosus infsuscatus (Aves: Threskiornithidae) no litoral de Santa Catarina, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-16)
Ferreira, Alvino Pedrosa
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Branco, Joaquim Olinto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3241905846920207
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7418287084820807
Phimosus infuscatus is a bird of gregarious behavior found in South America. Despite its conspicuity, few studies involve the species, so that a large gap exists on its ecology. There is, for example, no in-depth information on abundance in feeding areas, habitat selection, behavioral repertoire, roost use, daily dispersal movements, breeding and morphology of chicks. Thus, this study was developed aiming to verify the species abundance and habitat selection in foraging areas in three municipalities in the coast of Santa Catarina, presenting and discussing its behavioral repertoire; to analyze daily movements between feeding areas and a roost discovered in the municipality of Itajaí, SC; and to evaluate its reproduction during two seasons in two areas located in the city, with information on nest building, incubation, parental care, success estimates and morphology of nests, eggs and chicks. The research used binoculars, measuring equipment, meteorological databases, CEMAVE metallic rings for chick marking spreadsheets for data recording and computer software for organization, analysis and textual production. The abundance was related to the rice cultivation cycle in the region, mainly during soil preparation and inundation, and the reproductive period. The foraging was carried out preferentially in slightly flooded and low vegetation environments, with no major preferences between aquatic or terrestrial arthropods available as resource supplies, with food searching behavior considered the default. The roost was used continuously for two years, with daily movements of groups up to dozens of individuals and population fluctuation varying in the same way as the abundance quoted above. The species used rivers margins in two different models during its reproduction, with success as expected for the family, and better conditions in the second season, observed in the measurements of eggs and chicks, which allowed the definition of growth stages of the last. This study brings brand new information and serves for a better ecological understanding of the species, being able to contribute to preservation and management strategies, care of individuals in captivity and future research, also helping to understand the fast population expansion of the species in Santa Catarina.