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Práticas de medição de desempenho em ouvidorias públicas das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-15) Silva, Josiane de Fátima Rosa da; Mendes, Glauco Henrique de Sousa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7564259060572565; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5619177438258727
Public ombudsmen are instances of participation and social control that have gained space within public institutions since the 1980s, with the return of democracy and as a form of popular expression. Its action should be directed at meeting citizens' manifestations (suggestions, praises, requests, complaints and denunciations) and assisting public institutions to improve the provision of public services. Normative Instruction OGU No. 01, dated 2014, regulates the performance of public ombudsmen, reinforces the need for public ombudsmen to produce and provide information on the activities they carry out and make them available through management reports, and it is interesting to adopt performance indicators for this activity, as pointed out by Law 13.460 / 2017. Therefore, it is important to observe the performance measurement practices adopted by the public ombudsmen of the Federal Institutions of Higher Education (IFES). To do so, the research method adopted was a field survey (survey) conducted in the public ombudsmen of the IFES. The results show that the use of such performance measurement practices is still incipient since only 27 of the 60 participating ombudsmen use performance indicators and develop performance measurement practices. However, it is observed that the adoption of these practices contributes to the improvement of the public management and to the control and social participation in the IFES.
Estudo cinético da hidrólise de xilooligômeros por xilanases e beta-xilosidase na forma livre e imobilizada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-15) Baldez, Thaís Oliveira; Giordano, Raquel de Lima Camargo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9695542424889786; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1122079311753828
This work aims to contribute to the development of the ethanol production process from xylooligomers (XO) extracted from sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose through the hydrolysis of XO to xylose, xylose isomerization catalyzed by xyloseisomerase (XI) and fermentation of the isomer to ethanol by Sacharomyces cerevisiae (Sc). All reactions will occur within a biocatalyst where the enzymes, previously immobilized covalently in other carriers, will be co-immobilized with the yeast in calcium alginate. The efficiency of this process for the production of ethanol has already been demonstrated by DEQ/UFSCar researchers, with an patent application request. The focus of this work is on the hydrolysis stage of XO to xylose, by the actions of endo / exoxylanases, β-xylosidase and auxiliary enzymes (Xyl). The objective of this work was to study different enzymatic cocktails in order to select and characterize the most suitable for the complete hydrolysis of xylooligomers/xylan in xylose. To facilitate this search, it was also necessary to develop a substrate that would allow efficient study of the action of endoxylanases. A xylan with the same commercial performance was then produced and extracted from the bleached eucalyptus pulp (holocellulose). The kinetic study was caried with the enzymes: Multifect A03139 (XAS-2) and Accellerase A03304 (XAS-3), two commercial complexes containing xylanases, auxiliary enzymes and β-xylosidase; a recombinant endo-xylanase from Bacillus subtilis (Verdartis) (XAS-1) and a recombinant in-house produced β-xylosidase (XAS-4). The latter two were also studied in the immobilized form XASI-1 and XASPI-4. The influence of enzyme concentration, temperature, pH and substrate concentration on xylan hydrolysis were evaluated. In addition, the thermal stability of each enzyme was assessed at temperatures of 32 (SHIF process) and 50 ° C. Kinetic models were fitted with initial velocity profiles data to estimate the kinetic parameters of the reactions. The inhibition effect caused by xylose and xylose / xylulose concentrations combined in β-xylosidases was also evaluated. For β-xylosidase (XASPI-4), it was possible to adjust a competitive inhibition model with two inhibitors. The long-term enzymatic hydrolysis assays were carried out with all the enzymes isolated and some combined, to evaluate the production profile of xylooligosaccharides, both at 50 ºC and 32 ºC. The hydrolysis with XAS-1 and XASP-4 combined obtained promising results, since it is possible to observe an increase of the conversion profile and the xylose production after 48 h of reaction. Tests were also carried out at 32ºC with liquors obtained from hydrothermal and alkaline pre-treatments of sugarcane bagasse. The obtained results allow a greater comprehension of each enzymes characteristics, assisting the preparation of an efficient enzymes cocktail to completely convert xylan to xylose.
A expansão do Instituto Federal de São Paulo: análise dos indicadores de desempenho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-15) Oliveira, José Ricardo Moraes de; Lizarelli, Fabiane Letícia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4525431419326559; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7620705144995423
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of the expansion of the Federal Institute of São Paulo - IFSP, in each of its three phases, on the professional education performance indicators required by the Federal Audit Court (TCU) to evaluate the efficiency, effectiveness and economy of the Federal Institutions of Vocational and Technological Education. It is an exploratory and descriptive research, taking as sources the Management Reports published by the IFSP in the period between 2001 and 2004, called "pre-expansion" and from 2005 to 2016, period of expansion, focusing on the collection and analysis of data referring to the 12 performance indicators of the 31 campuses in operation during this period. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the expansion of the vacancies offered a strong impact, with a decrease in the candidate / vacancy ratio and an increase in the admission / enrollment ratio, which adhesion of the Federal Institute of São Paulo to the Unified Selection System (SiSU) as a process for selecting higher education courses and consolidating the new campuses. The dimension of efficiency and effectiveness was directly influenced by the expansion process due to the number of students entering the new courses implanted in the new campuses to be much higher than the number of students who finished their courses, together with the influence of the high rates of retention of the school flow. The trend of improvement of results in this dimension is driven by pedagogical support actions. In the dimension of adequacy of the teaching workforce, the ratio between the number of students and full-time teachers has been maintained with an average of around 17 students per teacher and the titration index of the teaching staff has increased as new contracted professors already have master's and doctorate degrees and those who are already part of the board receive institutional incentives and their own career to pursue higher degrees of qualification. With regard to the adequacy of the budget, the personnel expenditure indicator remains the same, even as the proportion of investment spending increases during the most acute period of expansion, as the largest share in relation to total expenditures. The social inclusion dimension demonstrates the service to a low income population, providing an expectation of improvement of this condition through professional education for an average of 30% of the student body, through a policy of assistance to the student, allied to actions of socio-pedagogical monitoring.
Revolução burguesa e ensino profissional: o protagonismo da Comissão Brasileiro-Americana de Educação Industrial (1946-1961)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-15) Bordignon, Talita Francieli; Ferreira Junior, Amarilio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0559543214040895
The present thesis aims to analyze the protagonism of the Brazilian-American Commission for Industrial Education (CBAI – Comissão Brasileiro Americana de Educação Industrial) in the substitution of imports in Brazil and the actions to promote bourgeois hegemony through industrial technical schools. The objects of analysis are the CBAI Bulletins, monthly periodicals published by the commission between 1947 and 1961. The historical development of the Brazilian society shows that the patrimonialism explains the interpermeation between the public and private spheres, where it is difficult to identify the subjects who compose the State and those who constitute the dominant classes. This study tried to identify the subjects who acted as agents of the Bourgeoisie Revolution in Brazil in this period and characterize the development of capitalism in the country as peripheral and autocratic, increasing social inequalities, as observed by Florestan Fernandes. In order to make itself hegemonic, the Brazilian bourgeoisie behaved as an organic intellectual, interested in destroying the possibilities of the implementation of a non-capitalist society and focused on solidifying the liberalism in all the spheres of collectivity. The Bourgeoisie Revolution agents acted organically and articulated with the international elites, operated the ideological inculcation of the American way of life, with values associated with the industrial liberal society, and the Americanism and Fordism led the whole process. The industrial technical education was the stage and the strategy the owners of the power used to operate their desire to maintain the bourgeois liberal order. John Dewey’s New School principles were spread in the industrial technical schools by the CBAI in order to root liberal society ideas in the workers’ mentality and daily lives, in an attempt to maintain the society organized into antagonist classes and avoid the order revolution. The unifying differentiation, as proposed by Émile Durkheim, was the method that consolidated the liberal democracy in a way to perpetuate the economic differences between individuals and those belonging to the bourgeoisie, the latter in their hegemonic position of owners, exploiting labor for capital accumulation. Moreover, soviet pedagogy principles are mentioned, placing labor as a pedagogical element, in order to understand the liberal counterpart and the bourgeoisie panic, along with their effort to design the superstructure. The research took the historical and dialectical materialism as theoretical and methodological referential and used analytical categories pertinent to the method, such as the notion of organic intellectual and the extended state according to Antonio Gramsci. In summary, the analysis aimed to understand the dialectic relation between the superstructure conformation – search for consensus – to control the infrastructure and production relations, preventing the working classes from taking power.
A resistência em Clarice Lispector: uma aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-15) Ferreira, Bianca Pulgrossi; Pellegrini, Tânia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0280434883580627; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6552520757957773
The object of study of this work is the novel An Apprenticeship or The Book of Delights, published in 1969, by the writer Clarice Lispector. The main objective is to show that this novel can be considered a “resistance narrative”, according to Alfredo Bosi (2002). For that, we present a study of part of the critical fortune of the author, followed by a reflection on the concept of “resistance” and its connection with the historical context of the military regime of 1964. Finally, we are going to use these elements to compose a final analysis, showing that resistance operates in the novel through ironic and parodistic elements destabilizing norms, values and interpersonal and social conditioning, intensified in the period in question and aimed at destabilizing its reception. Thus, we intend to present a new reading perspective on the novel, which emphasizes its social-political character, in order to position the writer as a critic of her time.
Ecologia de comunidades de aves associadas a plantações de arroz irrigado em Santa Catarina, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-15) Melo, Daniela de Carvalho; Branco, Joaquim Olinto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3241905846920207; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8773375980859715
The southern region of Brazil presents more than 90% of its wetlands altered in rice plantations. This cultivation is developed in regions of fertile and flooded lands, with organic or inorganic management, acting as substitute natural areas for several groups of birds and arthropods, also associated with each other. Due to the lack of information on the subject in the country, this study analyzed and related communities of birds and arthropods that use inorganic management during a planting cycle between July 2015 and June 2016 in the municipalities of Itajaí, Garuva and Araranguá, SC, Brazil, also observing their association with environmental variables. Birds were recorded monthly in linear transects in each locality and arthropods and environmental variables were collected. Average abundance, relative abundance, relative frequency of occurrence and the indexes of similarity, diversity and equitability were calculated. Comparative analyzes between the municipalities were performed through the ANOVA, Kruskall-Wallis, ANOSIM and RDA Tests. Birds of 107 species were registered, with resident and occasional majority, as well as vulnerable taxa, migratory species of the Northern Hemisphere and new records for the state. In general, species richness and abundance were higher at the beginning and the end of the cycle, but there were no significant differences between areas due to the common presence of a few dominant taxa. The Araranguá crops had the lowest richness and diversity, possibly due to the shorter rice cycle, which offers niches for a shorter period of time. A total of 68 families of arthropods were collected, with richness and abundance equally related to the cycle. The RDAs among birds, arthropods and environmental variables presented high explanability values, evidencing their association in these environments. It is concluded that the state's rice fields offer varied resources throughout the year, harboring distinct groups of birds and arthropods, and are therefore important for the conservation of species associated with crops. In Araranguá an organic crop was studied and compared to one of the inorganic crops of the same municipality. The same comparative analyzes were employed. There were 61 bird species and 53 arthropod families. Through the comparisons, it was verified that richness, abundance, diversity and equitability of the organic cultivation were higher, as well as more exclusive and migratory species and one of high sensitivity were registered. It is concluded that the state's rice fields offer varied resources throughout the year, harboring distinct groups of birds and arthropods, and are therefore important for the conservation of species associated with crops, especially organic farming, which has proved to be more sustainable and less impactant on biodiversity.
As relações institucionais na aprovação anual da proposta orçamentária em nível federal: um estudo comparado entre o Brasil e o México
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-03-15) Oliveira, Carla Patricia Mania de; Novelli, José Marcos Nayme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4424638298219589
The present work is a comparative study between Brazil and Mexico, at a Federal Level, approaching the institutional relations in the coalition government during the annual budget cycle stage aiming at evaluating of proposals for public resource allocation. The scope leads this studies to an analysis of Executive Branch and Legislative Power interactions in the decision -making process of budget arena and mutual influence in the definition of annual public spending by modifying the initial proposal, amending and approving it. This stage involves a complex political negotiation where the participants have distinct incentives and they aim determine budgetary initiatives which will deserve the resources allocation to the detriment of other possibilities. The aim is to understand institutional relationship, limits of the activities, incentives of participants and the boundaries of inter-party and inter-institutional cooperation which leads to approval of budget proposal. In this way, this research makes a review of the institutional condition and the structure of budgetary institutions of each country, a systematic analysis of the organization and transparence , dynamics of the decisions, competences and prerogatives of participants, the extent of decision makers, external sources of pressure, structure of public spending, the constraints on resource allocation an re-allocation and the dimensions actually available for change. The research is carried out through a bibliographic and documentary procedure, with a qualitative approach, exploratory descriptive objective from a comparative perspective of Brazilian and Mexican institutional scenarios from 1988 and 1997, respectively.