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Simulação do processo de separação do xilitol proveniente da rota biotecnológica de fermentação da xilose utilizando os softwares livres COCO e Scilab
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18)
Ribeiro, Carolina Torres
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Lima, Alice Medeiros de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0038936541518854
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2756455429478996
Within a context of a growing global market of low-calorie products, it is possible to highlight the production of sweeteners – products whose sweetening capacity is similar to sucrose – among which is xylitol, a sugar metabolized independently of insulin action – which makes it tolerable by diabetics – found naturally in fruits, vegetables, yeasts, lichens and algae. Due to the economic unfeasibility of the polyol’s conventional methods of obtaining – solid-liquid extraction and catalytic reduction of xylose – many studies have been set up to formulate alternative means to produce it. Considered very promising, the biotechnological production consists of xylan fermentation, obtained from the acid or enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials rich in xylan, such as hemicellulosic hydrolysate of sugarcane bagasse, by capable microorganisms and consequent release of xylitol, as well as other metabolites in fermentation broth. Obtaining the product of interest gets related to its separation from the broth that, due to its complexity, presents a high cost in relation to the rest of the process, which motivates, therefore, the study of several techniques that enable it. Some examples discussed in the literature are: use of zeolites, resins, crystallization, activated carbon adsorption, liquid-liquid extraction, precipitation and membrane application. Therefore, the present study aimed the simulation, using the free softwares COCO and Scilab, of the fermentative step and the synthesis of the separation process that offers possible means to obtain xylitol produced in a microbiological environment, as well as the analysis of the behavior of the system and the properties of the substances involved in the simulation environment. For this, an integration module was used between the two softwares that enabled the resolution of the system of ordinary differential equations that describes the kinetic model of xylitol production by xylose fermentation by Candida tropicalis. From the result obtained for the system in the Scilab routine, using the properties of the feed stream defined in the COCO environment, the production of xylitol, which was 1260.37 kg.h-1, as well as the secondary metabolites, ethanol e glycerol, 237.14 kg.h-1 and 284.56 kg.h-1, respectively, that compose the flow to be purified in the subsequent steps, could be estimated. The proposed separation process consisted of liquid-liquid extraction using ethyl acetate as solvent and presented a reasonable behavior in terms of xylitol recovery, with loss of less than 1%, as reported by similar researches. Subsequently, unitary operations were used for solvent recovery as well as for the concentration of xylitol stream, resulting in a current with 73% w/w xylitol, which is equivalent to 0.18 kg per kg of feed xylose, and would in practice make it possible to crystallize and obtain the product of interest with a high degree of purity.
Fatores críticos de sucesso em implantações de sistemas de suporte a decisão em departamentos de planejamento e controle da produção: estudos de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18)
Delle Piagge, Ricardo Magnani
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Politano, Paulo Rogério
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9300055198348540
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Godinho Filho, Moacir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6136685270563354
Looking for competitiveness in global market, companies have been investing efforts: developing new products; changing ways of produce in order to reduce costs; and getting better quality on delivery (quality, velocity and flexibility). That is a route necessary to aim competitiveness to some companies, but to others, it is a survivor path. In the middle of all that movement, the production, planning and control areas (PPCs) are always affected, it raises the complexity of the system that has to be planned, scheduled and controlled. The past few years, in order to minimize the effects on PPCs area, companies have been investing great quantities of resources (financial, areas and people) in decision support systems (DSSs). DSSs are systems capable to help the decision maker, getting data and simulating scenarios online. This kind of investment minimizes the operational work of data collection and let to the manager the responsibility to make decisions. However, like other kinds of implementations that involve people, DSSs implementations have a small percentage of success when some critical factors are not considerate during the software choice, planning of implementation and during the implementation control. With this motivation, this work has the main goal to list a series of critical success factors (CSFs) of this kind of implementation. To ensure the achievement of the goals a systematic review was conducted looking for a literature list of the most cited factors. Afterwards, those factors listed were validated by four cases of study. During the literature review, we listed 27 factors to be considerate on DSSs implementations. 20 of 27 factors were validated by empirical research and belong those factors there were found some that should be considerated as CSFs to implement the software and some that should be considerated also to achieve better performance results. We highlight among then: (i) top management involvement during the implementation and after supporting decisions based on SSD utilization; (ii) interdepartmental cooperation, using at good communication and sharing strategic goals
Análise de laje alveolar protendida moldada por fôrma fixa e usando placas de poliestireno expandido - Estudo teórico e experimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18)
Inforsato, Thiago Bindilatti
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Carvalho, Roberto Chust
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4570430037067936
The use of prestressed hollow core slabs has increased significantly and, consequently various productive methods have emerged. These methods do not employ machinery such as extruders or slip former machine. In this research, a production method for prestressed hollow core slab cast into fixed formwork with EPS void former has been detailed and compared with the production that employs machinery. Although there are many producers of hollow core slabs with EPS void former in the Brazilian market, there is still a lack of knowledge about this precast product. Therefore, this research presents a review and recommendations with possible theoretical analyses to be applied within the structural design of this type of precast element, which should also meet the design requirements of the Brazilian codes of practice for cast in situ and precast concrete structures, as well as existent recommendations for prestressed hollow core slabs within the international literature. In order to validate the analytical proposals for design, an experimental program has been carried out comprising standard tests for prestressed hollow core slabs in accordance with international codes of practice and technical literature. Within the experimental program, 15 slabs with heights of 150 mm and were tested under bending and shear forces for simply supported slabs with span of 5,70 meters, comprising 12 shear tests and 3 bending tests. For the shear tests, the length of the span between the applied point load and slab support was varied. Three of the shear tests were carried out for slabs employing transverse reinforcement, while the nine remaining slabs were tested without transverse reinforcement. Complementing the experimental program, three bending tests with concentrated load were also carried out. According to the observed experimental results, the failure mode of the slabs within the shear tests was governed by anchorage failure of the strands. For the bending tests, the experimental results were consistent with the usual bending theory for prestressed members. Finally, for some tested slabs, it has been identified the failure mode was governed by the position of the EPS forming a void within the slab transversal section, which affects the thickness of the top flange. Therefore, an additional study was carried out to evaluate the influence of the cast in place structural topping to increase the bending moment resistance of the prestressed hollow core slab cast into fixed formwork with EPS void former. It is concluded that the use of the cast in place structural topping minimizes possible decreases in the resistant capacity of the prestressed hollow core slab cast into fixed formwork with EPS void former, during the manufacturing process.
Descarte de grãos de milho: comparação das possíveis destinações e análise de custos para implantação de usina de produção de etanol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18)
Martins, Carolina Fialho
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Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8789614732053874
Brazilian agribusiness is expanding yearly, and Brazil is already world's third largest corn producer country. Corn is Brazil’s second largest produced grain, losing only to soybean. Corn is used not only for human and animal feeding, but also in the industrial and energy segments. Increase in grains demand has brought seeds to play a key role in debates about productivity, related to industrial chemical treatment and plant breeding. As in all other industrial activities, seed production generates waste. Nonconforming grains are discarded along the process, from harvesting to processing. Finding an environmentally and economically viable destination to the discarded grains, as well as reducing risks from co-responsibility are important challenges faced by agribusiness. Chemically treated grains discarded from corn production can be sent to landfills, incineration, composting, co-processing in cement kilns and ethanol production. This paper analyses and compares the alternatives for chemically treated grains handling, focusing on sustainable development. Projects management methodologies were used to help guiding decisions towards finding the best destination for the grains. The alternatives were firstly compared on their environmental aspects, through the review of Life Cycle Assessment studies. By the end of this session, sending the grains do landfill and co-processing were considered inadequate due to its great negative potential impacts to the environment. Subsequently, the cost benefit for the seed manufacturer company was analyzed, considering the price of which alternative and the risk by co-responsibility. Composting and incineration were found not attractive to the seeds manufacturer. The best destination among the alternatives was sending the discarded grains to ethanol production. Finally, a preliminary cost analysis was carried out for the implementation of the corn ethanol production plant. The results pointed to a capital cost of R$ 409 million and yearly production cost of R$ 109 million. The payoff time calculated for the investment was 16 years. To increase economic attractiveness, the project must go through further analysis and data revision before being implemented.
Avaliação de fibras de gravatá, macaúba e curauá para aplicação em compósitos de polipropileno obtidos por mistura termocinética
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18)
Simão, José Alexandre
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Marconcini, Jose Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5373845785326215
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Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917
The objective of this project was the study of polypropylene and natural fibers high filled composite panels, with and without coupling agents, and the extraction and study of three species of natural fibers as potential reinforcements: macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata) , fibers of the leaves of gravatá (Bromelia balansae) and fibers of the leaves of curauá (Ananas erectifolius). Their characterizations indicated the fibers of the gravate sheets with the greatest potential for reinforcement of the panels studied, presenting a 40 GPa elastic modulus, a crystallinity index of 58% and a thermal degradation start temperature around 244°C. Strategies of processing were used to determine the concentration of the coupling agents (5% (w/w) of PPMA and SEBS-MA) and the pressure of the molding of the panels. However, with the use of PPMA, there was a 150% increase in flexural strength and the presence of SEBS-MA increased by 150% the impact strength of the composites with 80% fiber, the value obtained being 40 J/m. The presence of high fiber fractions in the composites decreased the thermal resistance of the composites, determined by thermogravimetric analysis, by 10°C. The results of DSC and DMTA showed that the high fiber contents of gravatá restricted the mobility of the PP chains, reducing the crystallinity of the PP and shifting the Tg to larger values. The composites absorbed about 4.5% moisture and the values are lower when compared to commercial panels such as MDF and HDF. The work demonstrated the potential of high filled composite with gravata fibers obtained through thermokinetic mixing and hot compression molding.
Terapia Ocupacional e Educação: as proposições de terapeutas ocupacionais na e para a Escola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18)
Pereira, Beatriz Prado
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Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1341547467736796
According to a current definition in Brazil, occupational therapy is a field of knowledge and intervention in health, education and in the social sphere, which brings together technologies and resources oriented to the emancipation and autonomy of people who have difficulty to insertion and participation in social life due to various and different problems. If we start from the conception that the occupational therapist's role in society is to worry about problems for which his knowledge and formation can contribute to the construction of solutions, which also happens in the field of education, it is important to discuss the themes of inclusive education, special education, and public school. The research that integrates this thesis has turned to occupational therapy and its interface with education, with the purpose of bringing together and understanding the propositions that occupational therapists have been doing for and in the "School". The question was how occupational therapists understand and consider (or not) school as a social institution that has been historically ambiguous and contradictory to deal with social inequalities, also being a source of social exclusion. Besides that in how occupational therapists position them selves in relation to school processes and about what assumptions will propose interventions and direct their attention in this field of science and practice. To answer these questions, some texts were initially collected, got together and systematized in the format of articles, searched through the combination of the descriptors: "occupational therapy" AND "school" and related versions in portuguese. Until April 2016, foreign articles were collected on the online databases of Web of Science and Scopus, with 1.265 texts found, whose titles, abstracts and keywords were read and analyzed for the application of exclusion and inclusion criteria that allowed the selection of 155 texts for reading in full. The selection of the national articles has made use of two ways, namely the SciELO online library - Scientific Electronic Library Online and the main national journals of the area: Cadernos de Terapia Ocupacional da UFSCar and Revista de Terapia Ocupacional da USP, bringing together a total of 31 texts for reading in full. In a second moment of the research, with the intention of raising occupational therapists involved with research and academic production in relation to the proposed theme, we opted to consult the Portal of the Directory of Research Groups in Brazil –CNPq, about groups of research in occupational therapy. After reading the names of the 57 groups found (January 2017), descriptions of their impacts and the objectives of the research lines that presented the interface between occupational therapy and education and/or school, six groups were selected, totaling 10 occupational therapists leading researchers or vice leaders. The curriculum of these researchers were consulted in the Plataforma Lattes of CNPq in order to verify and bringing together their academic productions in relation to the theme on the screen, allowing to choose among those with the most academic production, six occupational therapists leaders of the registered groups, the who were invited to collaborate with the research, in the form of an interview. All of them agreed to participate, and six individual interviews were made to talk about, discuss, question and reflect about their personal and academic trajectories for occupational therapy, on how they construct dialogue with education and on their perspectives about the theme. The data collected by the material composed of national and foreign articles, as well as the interviews, were organized into five thematic axes in order to delimit the theoretical arguments used to support and problematize the proposals of the occupational therapy and the dialogue with the field of education in the schools, namely: 1) The proposals of the occupational therapy for the field of education in the school: the foreign productions; 2) Social inclusion, school inclusion, the children with disabilities and the dialogue with occupational therapy; 3) Resources and devices for the practice of the occupational therapy in the school; 4) Child education, the child development and its interface with occupational therapy; 5) Childhood, adolescence and youths in situation of social vulnerability, the public school and occupational therapy. The main results of this work demonstrate that the therapeutic occupational intervention considers the school as a relevant social equipment that allows the access of popular groups to social visibility, educational experiences, cultural and/or, still, make possible better living conditions. However, their perspective has been placed on the construction of care processes shaped by the practice of health care, with a clinical logic with individual mechanisms of care. Taking the history of education and schooling, as well as its reality in the twenty-first century in Brazil, there is a need for a displacement that gives new contours to this practice, which must recognize that the participatory and social dimension of life, focus of attention in occupational therapy, is not reducible to the individual and private sphere of everyday school issues and/or problems.In this context, we believe that the moment is for the transformation of ideas, which need to consider in a differentiated way the teaching and learning process and the role of the school in front of the human formation, being aware of the limits of the school and acting on the possibilities and demands that it and the people who are in it, and/or who they want/should be present to occupational therapists.
Avaliação comportamental e caracterização eletrofisiológica de juvenis de Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) submetidos à anestesia com propofol e óleo essencial de Nepeta cataria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18)
Souza, Alex da Silva Lobão de
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Souza, Raimundo Aderson Lobão de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4922849102516924
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Peret, Alberto Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0995579236780271
The new drugs are new like unproven fish anesthetics, although they have behaviors of induction and anesthetic recovery, only the monitoring of the electrophysiological results and the verification of the cardiorespiratory and neuronal activity of power over the confirmation and the anesthetic potential of the agent tested. The study was carried out with tambaqui juveniles, Colossoma macropomum through the monitoring of behavioral and electrophysiological occurrences, where its efficacy under the effect of anesthetic agents, cardiac support, electrocardiogram, heartbeat (FBO) and intensity of opercular beats (IBO) and electromyography, in addition to its antioxidant capacity. Incredible catary (ENP) and the essential of propofol (PRP) and the oil in which were tested from tests that were tested six PRP and OEN for agreement with preliminaries for the definition of tracks-test, a was able to provoke the sedimentation capacity in approximately 3 min and recovery in approximately 5 min for these tests were used in animals (n = 10) and the test times for each stage of sedation and anesthesia recovery, where a concentration ideal of 175 μL L - 1 for EON and 4 μL L - 1 for PRP. For electromyographic evaluation, electrocardiographic data, intensity of operative beats (OBI) and rate (OBR), fish (5.6 ± 1.8g, 8.0 ± 0.3cm, total length) were attributed to the following groups: a) control (baseline b) fish exposed to ethanol (control vehicle), c) fish submitted to induction with 175 μL L-1 EON and subsequent recovery and d) fish submitted to induction with PRP at 4 μL L-1 and subsequent recovery. Eight fish (n = 8) per group were used. Both products induced complete immobilization of the body and suppressed the contraction power of the dorsal muscle (99.9%), determining a state similar to general anesthesia. During exposure to any of the anesthetics, cardiac function was affected transiently, with decreased heart rate (42 - 43%) and mild arrhythmia in fish in PRP recovery. In addition, ventilatory capacity was reduced with this drug (85.3% and 59.6% reduction in OBI and OBR, respectively), but without mortality. On the other hand, EON did not alter ECG tracings, permitting maintenance of normal ventilation intensity during exposure, although a slight increase in OBR during deep anesthesia occurred. This study confirms the anesthesia with propofol in fish and presents the essential oil of Nepeta cataria as a new and safe natural anesthetic for juveniles of Colossoma macropomum and potentially for other species of teleosts.
Professor bilíngue para surdos: análise da prática de letramento por meio da autoconfrontação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18)
Barroso, Adriana Fernandes
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Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9468232016416725
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4205125550873933
This study had as main goal to verify the analysis of teachers’ practices, within a classroom interection approach at elementary school. Also, to investigate how the teachers’ self-image, commenting and binding meanings to dialogues and stimulating verbal and social interaction connected with knowledge production. It is a qualitative study, whereby the data were colected in portuguese classes in a elementaly school’ bilingual classrom, in a municipal school located in a city of São Paulo state. The data colect was conducted, first, in the portuguese classes thru shooting the classes in such, the recordings were used in the next stage of the research, when the data was confronted between the teachers and their own work activities, those moments also were recorded and transcribed to analysis, considering the formulation of simple self-confrontation. The data analised, under Vygotsky’ historical social approach, and, with postulates of Bakthin’s theory of enunciation, indicated which are the medication actions that contribute to constructe meanings, considering the relation between writing in portuguese, mediated by discursive interactions in Brazilian Signal Language, showing the methodological effectiveness to create a self-thinking in the teachers that is looking foward to improve their education practices within the classroom. The data analysis indicated that the discussion about educational practices in bilingual classroms is importante, considering the quality of teaching portuguese writing as a second language; furthermore, allow to see aspects of the teacher-learning relationship that will enable possible ways to provide teacher formation for this audience.
O germinar do Pinheirinho dos Palmares: etnografia das relações entre removidos, movimento social e Estado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18)
Barretti, Fabricio dos Santos
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Sanjurjo, Liliana Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1696348230024587
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Machado, Igor José de Renó
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705450652848752
Exactly one month from completing five years since the Pinheirinho’s eviction, 1.461 of the 1.750 evicted families received the keys to their houses on Pinheirinho dos Palmares II, neighborhood built exclusively to them through the housing program Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV) in São José dos Campos, inner city of the state of São Paulo. This dissertation describes and analyzes ethnographically the political fight’s process of the evicted families and the social movement which represented them, seeking the access to the house financing by Caixa Econômica Federal, operative agent of the housing program. Based on a fieldwork conducted through interviews and attendances to the events convened by the Movimento Urbano dos Sem-Teto (MUST), in the period between the eviction and the house’s key obtainment, I describe and analyze the uses and senses of the notions of political fight, house, memory and State by the evicted families from Pinheirinho and leaderships of the social movement in order to guarantee the access to own a house in Pinheirinho dos Palmares.
Atributos ecológicos que contribuem para invasibilidade da macrófita Hedychium coronarium J. König (Zingiberaceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18)
Pinheiro, Amanda Maria
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Xavier, Rafael de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431645383441703
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Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138
Biological invasions are an important cause of biodiversity loss and occur when an exotic species is introduced out of its native range, possibly changing the structure and functioning of invaded communities. The invasion potential of aquatic macrophytes is often greater than showed by terrestrial plants, especially due to their generally high dispersal efficiency. Not coincidentally, aquatic invasive plants have been a major threat to multiple ecosystems worldwide. Hedychium coronarium is a perennial macrophyte native from tropical Asia, where it is common in the understory of moist ecosystems. It has been introduced elsewhere for ornamental uses, where is has showed high invasion potential. In this study we assessed experimentally how the productivity of H. coronarium (aboveground biomass and number of ramets by rhizome; ramet biomass and height) is affected by previous rhizome exposition to contrasting water, temperature and light regimes. We found that increasing flooding was associated to greater ramet and biomass production. In contrast, prolonged rhizome desiccation leaded to high rhizome and ramet mortality. Ramet biomass was slightly lower after rhizome exposition to a 35ºC than to a 25ºC temperature, and productivity was lower under complete darkness than at a 12h daily photoperiod. These findings show that H. coronarium tolerates a broad range of abiotic conditions and may adjust its clonal growth pattern to the local environment. This ability to maintain high invasion potential even under extreme abiotic conditions possibly plays an important role in the dominance of the species in riparian ecosystems and highlights the importance of developing effective management strategies to avoid further spread of the species.
Essa dissertação é divertida: predicados de gosto pessoal e seus aspectos sintáticos, semânticos e pragmáticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-19)
Marques, Marina Nishimoto
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Basso, Renato Miguel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6984826176670527
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6111738798525760
Predicates of personal taste (PPTs) are, as suggested by their name, predicates that speak of the personal taste of the speakers who utter them. They are diferent from the other predicates because they generate between the spekers disagreements in which, although one directly denies what the other says, no one is uttering something false – a phenomenom that has been called faultless disagreement in the literature (Lasersohn, 2005). In this work, we investigate some of the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic aspects of predicates of personal taste, approaching the main problems that these items generate (the faultless disagreement being one of them, but not the only one), and how the literature about the theme deals with these problems and proposes a treatment for PPTs. We focus on three approaches: the relativist (Lasersohn, 2005; Stephenson, 2007), the contextualist (Pearson, 2013), and the expressivist (Gutzmann, 2016). Furthermore, we show how dta from Brazilian Portuguese contributes to the study of these constructions, casting a light on problems that are not approached in the English-directed theories, like, for example, the classification of these predicates in individual or stage level, and also how syntactic aspects of the language contribute to the generation of different inferences related to PPTs. Finally, we also show other items that behave in a similar manner to taste predicates and that could also be treated by a theory that is capable of explaning PPTs and their problems.
Avaliação da eficácia da gestão de pesquisa nos Parques Estaduais de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-20)
Pegler, Gabriela Francisco
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Machado, Aline Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2050862572752324
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Catojo, Adriana Maria Zalla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457228570488149
Protected areas are considered one of the most important elements for biodiversity conservation. One of the pillars that sustain the management of these areas is scientific research, which provides the knowledge necessary for the conservation of environmental and historical-cultural heritage. The general objective of the present study was to evaluate the current state and propose improvements in the management of research of the State Parks of São Paulo in light of already existing practices of Knowledge Management. By the analysis of Research Programs present in the Management Plans of the Units, we identify the main aspects that underpin the research management and evaluate their effectiveness within the current context of each Park and for all the system (set of Parks). The main challenges pointed out in the evaluation were related to the lack of assurance regarding the return of the results of the surveys for management of the areas; the insufficiency of human resources directed to the execution of the activities foreseen in the Research Programs and the monitoring process carried out without periodicity and systematization. We could also observe the low correlation between well-managed Management Plans and Research Programs and the satisfactory performance of the actions foreseen in these documents, suggesting that the process of research management in these areas is not necessarily being directed by some planning instrument.
Avaliação ecotoxicológica de um novo potencial formicida: análises in vitro e in vivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-22)
Bonomo, Marina Marques
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Fernandes, Marisa Narciso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3021357484136942
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7522835398300687
The use of toxic bait represents an important tool when dealing with important agriculture and silviculture plagues, where hesperidin flavonoid complexation with magnesium(II) generates a compound (Mg(hesp)) with high effect against cutting ants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of Mg(hesp) (0, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 e 1000 ng mL-1) using cytogenetic and biochemical biomarkers in vitro (zebrafish hepatocytes – ZF-L) and in vivo (Neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus). Mg(hesp) has great impact in cell population (confluence and morphology) and in activity of cellular organelles (mitochondria and lysosome), in addition to affect cellular stability through generations of reactive oxygens species mainly in higher concentrations (100 e 1000 ng mL-1). Biochemical responses include GSH and MT role as antioxidant and biotransformation molecules. Genetic influence of Mg(hesp) could also be detected in nuclear abnormalities and DNA instability, leading to alterations in cell cycle of zebrafish hepatocytes but with a probable activation of repair mechanisms. Membrane damage and apoptosis and necrosis pathways were not observed. Cellular effects of Mg(hesp) in ZF-L represent consequences of effects in several cellular compartments, which probably lead to alternative death cell pathways. In vivo analyses also showed Mg(hesp) influences, including hematological alterations, impacting on oxygen availability. Events of DNA instability (increasing in DNA fragments and nuclear abnormalities) in erythrocytes and hepatocytes also were observed. However, the absence of micronuclei formation is a strong indicative of an effective action of repair mechanisms. Biochemical responses in P. lineatus did not presented a clear pattern, but were effective in prevent membrane damages. Thus, results indicate that Mg(hesp) influences occurred mainly after 24 h of exposure, while fewer damages were observed after 96 h, suggesting a potential capacity of organism recovery, emphasizing the importance of more assessments of Mg(hesp) effect and the promising use of this compound.
Produção de géis porosos por congelamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-22)
Gonçalves, Jeniffer Silveira
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Waldman, Walter Ruggeri
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0616238673458322
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0471333214958640
The work presented here had as a proposal the development of a process adapted from the ice-template technique, using as solute sodium alginate an organic polymer of renewable and non-toxic source, which forms structures due to its crosslinking ability when in contact with divalent ions, such as Ca2+. The use of renewable polymers together with low cost processes for obtaining porous materials has great relevance for the development of a sustainable economy. The objective was to promote the simplification of the ice-template process, with lower cost for the technique from a freezing system, without the use of the lyophilization technique and the insertion of the gel into porous materials. The formed gels were submitted to drying by apolar solvents, morphological characterization by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and porosity and capillary tests. It has been determined that it is possible to produce porous materials through calcium alginate formulations in a simple manner, forming multidirectional and unidirectional pore materials. The formulation of 0,15 g/100g of sodium alginate with 0,0010 mol/L of CaCl2 was the best so far, to be used in the formation of porous gels, because of the best mass yield. Drying with the use of butanol was the one that best maintained the structural integrity of the gels and the coffee composites besides helping the gel structure, allowed the prospection for new applications to the gels produced. We have proven the concept of permeating the freezing formulation in porous materials and producing freezing gels inside their pores
Modelagem numérica de piso misto de aço e concreto de pequena altura: ênfase à ligação viga-pilar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-22)
Kochem, Raimundo Fagner de Freitas
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Nardin, Silvana de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5587716781980132
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3209614664325036
The demand and use of the floor and concrete system has been mainly due to good characteristics and constructive systems that associate steel and concrete. A slim floor composite is defined for the floor system whose beam is supported on the lower flange of the steel profile. In relation to this system, there is a great lack of studies related to the behavior of the composite joint beam-to-column. In view of this, this work sought to develop a numerical model of the composite joint beam-to-column belonging to the slim floor using the software Abaqus®. A composite joint beam-to-column investigated consists of shear steel plate and negative reinforcement of the composite slab. The following method for the development of the numerical model for its validation, including an extensive study on the effect of the constitutive models of the materials composing a composite joint as well as the steel-concrete interface. The numerical model presented a good correlation with the physical model, being validated through the relation Moment vs Rotation with experimental results available in the literature. The influence of the reinforcing ratio of the concrete slab was evaluated and the values of moment resistance and initial stiffness showed to be dependent of these parameters.
Variação denominativa nas modalidades oral e escrita: o léxico da culinária na internet
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-22)
Odorissio, Renata Maria
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Vale, Oto Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2277403284693571
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5399341243418266
This research aims to analyse the culinary language based on the concept of denominative variation that is applied on several studies theoretically developed under the Communicative Theory of Terminology (CABRÉ, 1999). Our scientific framework is conceived of 280 websites in which recipes and the videos that demonstrate how to prepare them are inserted, which define a very specific content for the research. The text extracted from the recipes was compilated to form a specific corpus (CR) and all the videos were transcribed and compilated in a corpus of transcription (CT). The general hypothesis claims that the denominative variation between the two modalities is small (from 10 to 20%) due to the specificities of our research object and the methods applied to the selection of the lexical units that must be colected from the corpora. This expectation goes against the perception that the degree of specialisation determines the level of variation in a language, so the less specialised is the domaine, the more is the level of denominative variation. The 40th most frequent simple lexical units (SLU) were listed in order to search for compound lexical units (CLU) in the corpora, using a software called Unitex. The analysis also take into consideration the context of usage of the lexical units, through which them we can verify some special aspects associated to the functional factors that affect the units and even concerning the textual composition, in the case of the written texts of the recipes. We extracted 390 ULC and from which 66% are found in both of the corpora (oral and written modalities); 18% are exclusively CR (written modality corpus) and 16% are found only in CT (oral corpus). Even though we have extrated only 22 cases of variants, the general results and linguistic data that are observed show that the variation is more representative than expected, with relevant rates of exclusive variations to one modality. This confirms the relation between a low rate of specificity of the language and its potential of lexical variation.
Genética populacional de felinos e as ameaças para Puma concolor: estruturação populacional recente e atropelamentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-25)
Saranholi, Bruno Henrique
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7501155211183288
Species around the world are increasingly exposed to new threats due to human activities. The main threat is the landscape modification by human activities, resulting in demographic and genetic pattern changes of species populations. Habitat loss and fragmentation may promote the reduction of population size and thus can result in changes in species community. In addition, the modification of landscape can act as a barrier to the individuals movement, limiting gene flow and the population viability. In addition, the needs of searching for new areas to the establishment of territories, may expose individuals to new threats, such as road killing, which is currently considered an important threat to species. In this scenario, some groups are even more sensitive, for example carnivores, which already occur naturally in low densities and require large home ranges. In this sense, this work had as main objectives to evaluate the demographic aspects (minimum population size, abundance and density) of the feline community in four study areas in São Paulo state (Estação Ecológica dos Caetetus, Fazenda Rio Claro da Duratex, Floresta Nacional de Capão Bonito e Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho) using non-invasive sampling and molecular technics. In addition, considering P. concolor as a model, we verified the distribution of its genetic diversity and the occurrence of population structuring in a fragmented landscape within São Paulo and Minas Gerais states. We also evaluated the impact of the loss of individuals due to road killing for the population viability of Puma concolor. The results show an influence of the characteristics of the areas for the occurrence of feline species directly related to their characteristics and requirements. In addition, the results indicate that the loss and fragmentation of the habitat already may represent an important factor for the dispersion of individuals of P. concolor, resulting in the structuring of their populations. This species also suffers the impact of road killing on the loss of individuals which, in long term, also may represent a loss of genetic diversity in their populations. In this way, this work demonstrates, under different aspects, the demographic and genetic impacts on feline species in an increasingly modified environment.
Educação ambiental e áreas verdes urbanas: os vínculos e as relações afetivas em processos educativos em uma microbacia em urbanização
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-25)
Figueiredo, Andréia Nasser
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Oliveira, Haydée Torres de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5458113597909705
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1512617583290864
Seeking to work in a contextualized way a critical environmental education in urban area, we immerse ourselves in a study about the relations established by human beings with other beings in green spaces. We believe that these spaces are spaces allow, besides the existence and the conviviality of human beings with other beings, the education of relationships continuously and mainly through the education of attention. Based on the paradigm of phenomenology, the objective of the present work was to identify the relations that guide the look and live in urban spaces of people-other beings (human or not) seeking the feelings, sensations, emotions and motivations expressed by people, that interweave them to urban green places. The city of São Carlos, in the interior of the state of São Paulo, was chosen because it presents a context of revision of the Master Plan of the municipality and a history of mobilizations in favor of green spaces. We collect data with two distinct groups of people in two different processes. The first group was formed by 14 people participating in a university extension project. Using education of attention, dialogical practice and aiming at the formation of values the course of extension of environmental education and urban green areas was developed over eight months. Individual and collective materials were produced in this process and later analyzed by us. The second group participating in the research was formed by eight people engaged in the maintenance of urban green spaces. All the participants were residents of the same area where the extension course of the first group had been held. We selected this area because it is one of the discussion areas of the Master Plan because it is predicted to urban growth. We conducted interviews with the walking interview methodology as a way to expand the collection of data related to these people's relationships with the green spaces. From the statements and reports generated, we selected the parts that instigated us for analysis and reflection. Three articles with the selected data were produced. The first one with the data from the student group gave us the elements to understand how a practice of attention education can prioritize the work with values and place them as the founding element of our choices, actions and (re) choices. The second article, with the data of the group of dwellers allowed us to delve into relationships established throughout a continuous education through the flow of life. And the third article, using data from both groups, allowed us to understand the power of working environmental education in urban green areas. All the participants came together to reinforce the urgency of revising the building of values established in our society. To understand ourselves as collectives, to understand ourselves in knowing the other (human or not), to respect existences, to keep continuous the practices and actions that allow a return to relationships were poignant in our reflective process. Finally, we reinforce here the role of a critical educational practice, dialogical and in search of more equal relations within a historically exclusive urban space.
Escolas multisseriadas e os ideários pedagógicos: um estudo sobre as escolas do e no campo na região do Bico do Papagaio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-25)
Nunes, Klivia de Cássia Silva
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Bezerra Neto, Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4809080593333472
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9412398959184082
This thesis aims to analyze the educational conceptions into teachers` practice in multigrade schools an express the main idea called Por uma Educação do Campo acording to educational policy to this modality teaching. As a teorical reference this study is based on Historical-Critical Pedagogy, whose the espitemological focus are reaseoned onto a marxist theory, which get a possibility to perceive the pedagogical process under the education goal. The main question used to carry out this research is: In what extend the educational practice of multigrade teachers assumes and express the conceptions of education that are present in the educational policies, delivered to the rural education? The hypotheses are: 1. The practice of rural teachers are based on a different approach from the conception Por uma Educação do Campo and founded on educational policy. However, both teacher`s practice and educational policy, follow the neoliberalism support, contributing to make fragile the struggle of the workers that living in rural area; 2. The historical-critical pedagogy theory, support that people must have access to the scientific knowledge made historically by humanity and in a unique education, in terms of contribute to personal development in a critical way and become aware of the need of social transformation . This idea presents as a choice to overcome the proposals based on neoliberalism orign. The main idea is that teachers working in multigrade class do not understand the educational theory as the Historical-Critical Pedagogy or even By a Field Education conception in a way that enables them to make it in practice. The reseach was conducted in rural schools with multigrade class in two cities at the Papagaio Beak / TO area: Tocantinópolis and Araguatins. The reseach methods used were the bibliografic reseach, documentary reseach, locus reseach, focus group, interview ans questionary. Through the research, it was found that by following the educational policy made official by the State, these cities obey the prerogatives put in the official documents that were made based on international agreements that are based on the Jacques Delors` report of the United Nations on education for the 21st century. However, the multigrade teachers` practices in schools present a gap of knowledge of the pedagogical conceptions into the the official recommendation and the ideals of Por uma Educação no Campo, nevertheless it contributing to the ideological project of the dominant social class, even in an unintentional way. Its makes evident that both pedagogical practice and rural educational policy follow the neoliberalism origin making fragile the awareness for the rural worker in terms of overcome the class society.
Existência e multiplicidade de soluções para equações de Schrödinger com potencial magnético
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-26)
Lima, Sandra Machado de Souza
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Paiva, Francisco Odair Vieira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2889322093175193
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Miyagaki, Olímpio Hiroshi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2646698407526867
In this work, we consider first a class of concave-convex type elliptical problems with sing-changing weight functions that satisfy some additional conditions. Still, we work with the magnetic laplacian operator. We prove that there are at least four solutions to the problem in question. We seek to establish regularity results for solutions. Exploring the relationship between the Nehari variety and the fiber application, we discussed the existence of at least two solutions to the problem. We use category theory to ensure the existence of a third solution and a Bahri Li argument to show the existence of a fourth solution. In a second moment we study a convex type problem with weight functions that can change signal and satisfy some additional conditions. Also using the Nehari method combining with arguments from Krasnoselskii's genus theory and a deformation-type argument, we discussed the existence of infinite solutions to the problem by varying the assumptions about the weight functions.