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Fatores críticos de sucesso em implantações de sistemas de suporte a decisão em departamentos de planejamento e controle da produção: estudos de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18) Delle Piagge, Ricardo Magnani; Politano, Paulo Rogério; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9300055198348540; Godinho Filho, Moacir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6136685270563354; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0999429582320835
Looking for competitiveness in global market, companies have been investing efforts: developing new products; changing ways of produce in order to reduce costs; and getting better quality on delivery (quality, velocity and flexibility). That is a route necessary to aim competitiveness to some companies, but to others, it is a survivor path. In the middle of all that movement, the production, planning and control areas (PPCs) are always affected, it raises the complexity of the system that has to be planned, scheduled and controlled. The past few years, in order to minimize the effects on PPCs area, companies have been investing great quantities of resources (financial, areas and people) in decision support systems (DSSs). DSSs are systems capable to help the decision maker, getting data and simulating scenarios online. This kind of investment minimizes the operational work of data collection and let to the manager the responsibility to make decisions. However, like other kinds of implementations that involve people, DSSs implementations have a small percentage of success when some critical factors are not considerate during the software choice, planning of implementation and during the implementation control. With this motivation, this work has the main goal to list a series of critical success factors (CSFs) of this kind of implementation. To ensure the achievement of the goals a systematic review was conducted looking for a literature list of the most cited factors. Afterwards, those factors listed were validated by four cases of study. During the literature review, we listed 27 factors to be considerate on DSSs implementations. 20 of 27 factors were validated by empirical research and belong those factors there were found some that should be considerated as CSFs to implement the software and some that should be considerated also to achieve better performance results. We highlight among then: (i) top management involvement during the implementation and after supporting decisions based on SSD utilization; (ii) interdepartmental cooperation, using at good communication and sharing strategic goals
Simulação do processo de separação do xilitol proveniente da rota biotecnológica de fermentação da xilose utilizando os softwares livres COCO e Scilab
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18) Ribeiro, Carolina Torres; Lima, Alice Medeiros de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0038936541518854; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2756455429478996
Within a context of a growing global market of low-calorie products, it is possible to highlight the production of sweeteners – products whose sweetening capacity is similar to sucrose – among which is xylitol, a sugar metabolized independently of insulin action – which makes it tolerable by diabetics – found naturally in fruits, vegetables, yeasts, lichens and algae. Due to the economic unfeasibility of the polyol’s conventional methods of obtaining – solid-liquid extraction and catalytic reduction of xylose – many studies have been set up to formulate alternative means to produce it. Considered very promising, the biotechnological production consists of xylan fermentation, obtained from the acid or enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials rich in xylan, such as hemicellulosic hydrolysate of sugarcane bagasse, by capable microorganisms and consequent release of xylitol, as well as other metabolites in fermentation broth. Obtaining the product of interest gets related to its separation from the broth that, due to its complexity, presents a high cost in relation to the rest of the process, which motivates, therefore, the study of several techniques that enable it. Some examples discussed in the literature are: use of zeolites, resins, crystallization, activated carbon adsorption, liquid-liquid extraction, precipitation and membrane application. Therefore, the present study aimed the simulation, using the free softwares COCO and Scilab, of the fermentative step and the synthesis of the separation process that offers possible means to obtain xylitol produced in a microbiological environment, as well as the analysis of the behavior of the system and the properties of the substances involved in the simulation environment. For this, an integration module was used between the two softwares that enabled the resolution of the system of ordinary differential equations that describes the kinetic model of xylitol production by xylose fermentation by Candida tropicalis. From the result obtained for the system in the Scilab routine, using the properties of the feed stream defined in the COCO environment, the production of xylitol, which was 1260.37 kg.h-1, as well as the secondary metabolites, ethanol e glycerol, 237.14 kg.h-1 and 284.56 kg.h-1, respectively, that compose the flow to be purified in the subsequent steps, could be estimated. The proposed separation process consisted of liquid-liquid extraction using ethyl acetate as solvent and presented a reasonable behavior in terms of xylitol recovery, with loss of less than 1%, as reported by similar researches. Subsequently, unitary operations were used for solvent recovery as well as for the concentration of xylitol stream, resulting in a current with 73% w/w xylitol, which is equivalent to 0.18 kg per kg of feed xylose, and would in practice make it possible to crystallize and obtain the product of interest with a high degree of purity.
Análise de laje alveolar protendida moldada por fôrma fixa e usando placas de poliestireno expandido - Estudo teórico e experimental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18) Inforsato, Thiago Bindilatti; Carvalho, Roberto Chust; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4570430037067936
The use of prestressed hollow core slabs has increased significantly and, consequently various productive methods have emerged. These methods do not employ machinery such as extruders or slip former machine. In this research, a production method for prestressed hollow core slab cast into fixed formwork with EPS void former has been detailed and compared with the production that employs machinery. Although there are many producers of hollow core slabs with EPS void former in the Brazilian market, there is still a lack of knowledge about this precast product. Therefore, this research presents a review and recommendations with possible theoretical analyses to be applied within the structural design of this type of precast element, which should also meet the design requirements of the Brazilian codes of practice for cast in situ and precast concrete structures, as well as existent recommendations for prestressed hollow core slabs within the international literature. In order to validate the analytical proposals for design, an experimental program has been carried out comprising standard tests for prestressed hollow core slabs in accordance with international codes of practice and technical literature. Within the experimental program, 15 slabs with heights of 150 mm and were tested under bending and shear forces for simply supported slabs with span of 5,70 meters, comprising 12 shear tests and 3 bending tests. For the shear tests, the length of the span between the applied point load and slab support was varied. Three of the shear tests were carried out for slabs employing transverse reinforcement, while the nine remaining slabs were tested without transverse reinforcement. Complementing the experimental program, three bending tests with concentrated load were also carried out. According to the observed experimental results, the failure mode of the slabs within the shear tests was governed by anchorage failure of the strands. For the bending tests, the experimental results were consistent with the usual bending theory for prestressed members. Finally, for some tested slabs, it has been identified the failure mode was governed by the position of the EPS forming a void within the slab transversal section, which affects the thickness of the top flange. Therefore, an additional study was carried out to evaluate the influence of the cast in place structural topping to increase the bending moment resistance of the prestressed hollow core slab cast into fixed formwork with EPS void former. It is concluded that the use of the cast in place structural topping minimizes possible decreases in the resistant capacity of the prestressed hollow core slab cast into fixed formwork with EPS void former, during the manufacturing process.
Descarte de grãos de milho: comparação das possíveis destinações e análise de custos para implantação de usina de produção de etanol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18) Martins, Carolina Fialho; Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8789614732053874
Brazilian agribusiness is expanding yearly, and Brazil is already world's third largest corn producer country. Corn is Brazil’s second largest produced grain, losing only to soybean. Corn is used not only for human and animal feeding, but also in the industrial and energy segments. Increase in grains demand has brought seeds to play a key role in debates about productivity, related to industrial chemical treatment and plant breeding. As in all other industrial activities, seed production generates waste. Nonconforming grains are discarded along the process, from harvesting to processing. Finding an environmentally and economically viable destination to the discarded grains, as well as reducing risks from co-responsibility are important challenges faced by agribusiness. Chemically treated grains discarded from corn production can be sent to landfills, incineration, composting, co-processing in cement kilns and ethanol production. This paper analyses and compares the alternatives for chemically treated grains handling, focusing on sustainable development. Projects management methodologies were used to help guiding decisions towards finding the best destination for the grains. The alternatives were firstly compared on their environmental aspects, through the review of Life Cycle Assessment studies. By the end of this session, sending the grains do landfill and co-processing were considered inadequate due to its great negative potential impacts to the environment. Subsequently, the cost benefit for the seed manufacturer company was analyzed, considering the price of which alternative and the risk by co-responsibility. Composting and incineration were found not attractive to the seeds manufacturer. The best destination among the alternatives was sending the discarded grains to ethanol production. Finally, a preliminary cost analysis was carried out for the implementation of the corn ethanol production plant. The results pointed to a capital cost of R$ 409 million and yearly production cost of R$ 109 million. The payoff time calculated for the investment was 16 years. To increase economic attractiveness, the project must go through further analysis and data revision before being implemented.
Avaliação de fibras de gravatá, macaúba e curauá para aplicação em compósitos de polipropileno obtidos por mistura termocinética
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18) Simão, José Alexandre; Marconcini, Jose Manoel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5373845785326215; Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2459486258582042
The objective of this project was the study of polypropylene and natural fibers high filled composite panels, with and without coupling agents, and the extraction and study of three species of natural fibers as potential reinforcements: macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata) , fibers of the leaves of gravatá (Bromelia balansae) and fibers of the leaves of curauá (Ananas erectifolius). Their characterizations indicated the fibers of the gravate sheets with the greatest potential for reinforcement of the panels studied, presenting a 40 GPa elastic modulus, a crystallinity index of 58% and a thermal degradation start temperature around 244°C. Strategies of processing were used to determine the concentration of the coupling agents (5% (w/w) of PPMA and SEBS-MA) and the pressure of the molding of the panels. However, with the use of PPMA, there was a 150% increase in flexural strength and the presence of SEBS-MA increased by 150% the impact strength of the composites with 80% fiber, the value obtained being 40 J/m. The presence of high fiber fractions in the composites decreased the thermal resistance of the composites, determined by thermogravimetric analysis, by 10°C. The results of DSC and DMTA showed that the high fiber contents of gravatá restricted the mobility of the PP chains, reducing the crystallinity of the PP and shifting the Tg to larger values. The composites absorbed about 4.5% moisture and the values are lower when compared to commercial panels such as MDF and HDF. The work demonstrated the potential of high filled composite with gravata fibers obtained through thermokinetic mixing and hot compression molding.
O germinar do Pinheirinho dos Palmares: etnografia das relações entre removidos, movimento social e Estado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18) Barretti, Fabricio dos Santos; Sanjurjo, Liliana Lopes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1696348230024587; Machado, Igor José de Renó; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705450652848752; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7304516164704002
Exactly one month from completing five years since the Pinheirinho’s eviction, 1.461 of the 1.750 evicted families received the keys to their houses on Pinheirinho dos Palmares II, neighborhood built exclusively to them through the housing program Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV) in São José dos Campos, inner city of the state of São Paulo. This dissertation describes and analyzes ethnographically the political fight’s process of the evicted families and the social movement which represented them, seeking the access to the house financing by Caixa Econômica Federal, operative agent of the housing program. Based on a fieldwork conducted through interviews and attendances to the events convened by the Movimento Urbano dos Sem-Teto (MUST), in the period between the eviction and the house’s key obtainment, I describe and analyze the uses and senses of the notions of political fight, house, memory and State by the evicted families from Pinheirinho and leaderships of the social movement in order to guarantee the access to own a house in Pinheirinho dos Palmares.
Terapia Ocupacional e Educação: as proposições de terapeutas ocupacionais na e para a Escola
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18) Pereira, Beatriz Prado; Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1341547467736796
According to a current definition in Brazil, occupational therapy is a field of knowledge and intervention in health, education and in the social sphere, which brings together technologies and resources oriented to the emancipation and autonomy of people who have difficulty to insertion and participation in social life due to various and different problems. If we start from the conception that the occupational therapist's role in society is to worry about problems for which his knowledge and formation can contribute to the construction of solutions, which also happens in the field of education, it is important to discuss the themes of inclusive education, special education, and public school. The research that integrates this thesis has turned to occupational therapy and its interface with education, with the purpose of bringing together and understanding the propositions that occupational therapists have been doing for and in the "School". The question was how occupational therapists understand and consider (or not) school as a social institution that has been historically ambiguous and contradictory to deal with social inequalities, also being a source of social exclusion. Besides that in how occupational therapists position them selves in relation to school processes and about what assumptions will propose interventions and direct their attention in this field of science and practice. To answer these questions, some texts were initially collected, got together and systematized in the format of articles, searched through the combination of the descriptors: "occupational therapy" AND "school" and related versions in portuguese. Until April 2016, foreign articles were collected on the online databases of Web of Science and Scopus, with 1.265 texts found, whose titles, abstracts and keywords were read and analyzed for the application of exclusion and inclusion criteria that allowed the selection of 155 texts for reading in full. The selection of the national articles has made use of two ways, namely the SciELO online library - Scientific Electronic Library Online and the main national journals of the area: Cadernos de Terapia Ocupacional da UFSCar and Revista de Terapia Ocupacional da USP, bringing together a total of 31 texts for reading in full. In a second moment of the research, with the intention of raising occupational therapists involved with research and academic production in relation to the proposed theme, we opted to consult the Portal of the Directory of Research Groups in Brazil –CNPq, about groups of research in occupational therapy. After reading the names of the 57 groups found (January 2017), descriptions of their impacts and the objectives of the research lines that presented the interface between occupational therapy and education and/or school, six groups were selected, totaling 10 occupational therapists leading researchers or vice leaders. The curriculum of these researchers were consulted in the Plataforma Lattes of CNPq in order to verify and bringing together their academic productions in relation to the theme on the screen, allowing to choose among those with the most academic production, six occupational therapists leaders of the registered groups, the who were invited to collaborate with the research, in the form of an interview. All of them agreed to participate, and six individual interviews were made to talk about, discuss, question and reflect about their personal and academic trajectories for occupational therapy, on how they construct dialogue with education and on their perspectives about the theme. The data collected by the material composed of national and foreign articles, as well as the interviews, were organized into five thematic axes in order to delimit the theoretical arguments used to support and problematize the proposals of the occupational therapy and the dialogue with the field of education in the schools, namely: 1) The proposals of the occupational therapy for the field of education in the school: the foreign productions; 2) Social inclusion, school inclusion, the children with disabilities and the dialogue with occupational therapy; 3) Resources and devices for the practice of the occupational therapy in the school; 4) Child education, the child development and its interface with occupational therapy; 5) Childhood, adolescence and youths in situation of social vulnerability, the public school and occupational therapy. The main results of this work demonstrate that the therapeutic occupational intervention considers the school as a relevant social equipment that allows the access of popular groups to social visibility, educational experiences, cultural and/or, still, make possible better living conditions. However, their perspective has been placed on the construction of care processes shaped by the practice of health care, with a clinical logic with individual mechanisms of care. Taking the history of education and schooling, as well as its reality in the twenty-first century in Brazil, there is a need for a displacement that gives new contours to this practice, which must recognize that the participatory and social dimension of life, focus of attention in occupational therapy, is not reducible to the individual and private sphere of everyday school issues and/or problems.In this context, we believe that the moment is for the transformation of ideas, which need to consider in a differentiated way the teaching and learning process and the role of the school in front of the human formation, being aware of the limits of the school and acting on the possibilities and demands that it and the people who are in it, and/or who they want/should be present to occupational therapists.
Professor bilíngue para surdos: análise da prática de letramento por meio da autoconfrontação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18) Barroso, Adriana Fernandes; Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9468232016416725; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4205125550873933
This study had as main goal to verify the analysis of teachers’ practices, within a classroom interection approach at elementary school. Also, to investigate how the teachers’ self-image, commenting and binding meanings to dialogues and stimulating verbal and social interaction connected with knowledge production. It is a qualitative study, whereby the data were colected in portuguese classes in a elementaly school’ bilingual classrom, in a municipal school located in a city of São Paulo state. The data colect was conducted, first, in the portuguese classes thru shooting the classes in such, the recordings were used in the next stage of the research, when the data was confronted between the teachers and their own work activities, those moments also were recorded and transcribed to analysis, considering the formulation of simple self-confrontation. The data analised, under Vygotsky’ historical social approach, and, with postulates of Bakthin’s theory of enunciation, indicated which are the medication actions that contribute to constructe meanings, considering the relation between writing in portuguese, mediated by discursive interactions in Brazilian Signal Language, showing the methodological effectiveness to create a self-thinking in the teachers that is looking foward to improve their education practices within the classroom. The data analysis indicated that the discussion about educational practices in bilingual classroms is importante, considering the quality of teaching portuguese writing as a second language; furthermore, allow to see aspects of the teacher-learning relationship that will enable possible ways to provide teacher formation for this audience.
Avaliação comportamental e caracterização eletrofisiológica de juvenis de Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) submetidos à anestesia com propofol e óleo essencial de Nepeta cataria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18) Souza, Alex da Silva Lobão de; Souza, Raimundo Aderson Lobão de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4922849102516924; Peret, Alberto Carvalho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0995579236780271; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2662772518253800
The new drugs are new like unproven fish anesthetics, although they have behaviors of induction and anesthetic recovery, only the monitoring of the electrophysiological results and the verification of the cardiorespiratory and neuronal activity of power over the confirmation and the anesthetic potential of the agent tested. The study was carried out with tambaqui juveniles, Colossoma macropomum through the monitoring of behavioral and electrophysiological occurrences, where its efficacy under the effect of anesthetic agents, cardiac support, electrocardiogram, heartbeat (FBO) and intensity of opercular beats (IBO) and electromyography, in addition to its antioxidant capacity. Incredible catary (ENP) and the essential of propofol (PRP) and the oil in which were tested from tests that were tested six PRP and OEN for agreement with preliminaries for the definition of tracks-test, a was able to provoke the sedimentation capacity in approximately 3 min and recovery in approximately 5 min for these tests were used in animals (n = 10) and the test times for each stage of sedation and anesthesia recovery, where a concentration ideal of 175 μL L - 1 for EON and 4 μL L - 1 for PRP. For electromyographic evaluation, electrocardiographic data, intensity of operative beats (OBI) and rate (OBR), fish (5.6 ± 1.8g, 8.0 ± 0.3cm, total length) were attributed to the following groups: a) control (baseline b) fish exposed to ethanol (control vehicle), c) fish submitted to induction with 175 μL L-1 EON and subsequent recovery and d) fish submitted to induction with PRP at 4 μL L-1 and subsequent recovery. Eight fish (n = 8) per group were used. Both products induced complete immobilization of the body and suppressed the contraction power of the dorsal muscle (99.9%), determining a state similar to general anesthesia. During exposure to any of the anesthetics, cardiac function was affected transiently, with decreased heart rate (42 - 43%) and mild arrhythmia in fish in PRP recovery. In addition, ventilatory capacity was reduced with this drug (85.3% and 59.6% reduction in OBI and OBR, respectively), but without mortality. On the other hand, EON did not alter ECG tracings, permitting maintenance of normal ventilation intensity during exposure, although a slight increase in OBR during deep anesthesia occurred. This study confirms the anesthesia with propofol in fish and presents the essential oil of Nepeta cataria as a new and safe natural anesthetic for juveniles of Colossoma macropomum and potentially for other species of teleosts.
Atributos ecológicos que contribuem para invasibilidade da macrófita Hedychium coronarium J. König (Zingiberaceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-06-18) Pinheiro, Amanda Maria; Xavier, Rafael de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431645383441703; Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8867115168696934
Biological invasions are an important cause of biodiversity loss and occur when an exotic species is introduced out of its native range, possibly changing the structure and functioning of invaded communities. The invasion potential of aquatic macrophytes is often greater than showed by terrestrial plants, especially due to their generally high dispersal efficiency. Not coincidentally, aquatic invasive plants have been a major threat to multiple ecosystems worldwide. Hedychium coronarium is a perennial macrophyte native from tropical Asia, where it is common in the understory of moist ecosystems. It has been introduced elsewhere for ornamental uses, where is has showed high invasion potential. In this study we assessed experimentally how the productivity of H. coronarium (aboveground biomass and number of ramets by rhizome; ramet biomass and height) is affected by previous rhizome exposition to contrasting water, temperature and light regimes. We found that increasing flooding was associated to greater ramet and biomass production. In contrast, prolonged rhizome desiccation leaded to high rhizome and ramet mortality. Ramet biomass was slightly lower after rhizome exposition to a 35ºC than to a 25ºC temperature, and productivity was lower under complete darkness than at a 12h daily photoperiod. These findings show that H. coronarium tolerates a broad range of abiotic conditions and may adjust its clonal growth pattern to the local environment. This ability to maintain high invasion potential even under extreme abiotic conditions possibly plays an important role in the dominance of the species in riparian ecosystems and highlights the importance of developing effective management strategies to avoid further spread of the species.