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O Estado pós-neoliberal e os Programas de Transferência Condicionada de Renda no Brasil e na Argentina: ruptura ou continuidade?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-06)
Silva, Ivan Henrique de Mattos e
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Cepêda, Vera Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4917331423373631
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3755380812511630
The period placed between the early 2000s and the mid 2010s set up new experiences on the horizon of Latin America that presented themselves as alternatives to the neoliberal hegemony that followed the processes of democratic reconstruction of the 1980s and 1990s. Respected the peculiarities and specificities of each case, those experiences were broadly defined as different expressions of a post neoliberal State. This work aims to analyze the patterns of rupture and continuity represented by the post neoliberal experiences of Brazil and Argentina, considering as the object what became the main state strategy to fight social asymmetries in the late twentieth century: the Conditioned Cash Transfer Programs, respectively the Programa Bolsa Família and the Asignación Universal por Hijo.
Teorema de Pitágoras: uma proposta de ensino e aprendizagem para alunos deficientes visuais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-06)
Luiz, Nasael Martins
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Pires, Rogério Fernando
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2795801064535157
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9378110405964744
The purpose of this paper was to investigate the potentialities and limitations of a teaching intervention, structured on the basis of making materials to be handled by visually impaired students, aiming at the construction of Pythagorean Theorem concept, systematization and learning. The chosen theme is part of Geometry field which has strong association with visual experiences, and from the hypothesis that this public is able to appropriate notions related to this concept as well as the sighted, providing their access by other senses, considering their specificities and adaptations. This study proposed to answer the question: "What are the potentialities and limitations of a structured teaching intervention from tactile materials related to Pythagorean Theorem, for the first grade students with visual impairment?" And to answer it, a qualitative research was carried out through a case study, with two congenital blind pupils of public schools in Itapevi and Barueri, both in São Paulo. The students passed by the interventions which consisted on the application of seven activities using a representative depictions of polygons and specific instruments to measure and compare angles. The theoretical basis of this research was the study of Vygotsky's conceptions of the development of higher psychological functions through the observation of information transit (the thoughts) at the zone of proximal development of an individual. An overview of Brazilian legislation on inclusive education that theoretically approaches disabled people education, especially visual sensory, was also part of the elements that underpinned this study. The results showed that a mediation action of an experienced person aided with the manipulation of materials and structured activities within each students specificities, made possible the acquisition and development of knowledge related to Geometry by the students, to construct the concept of the Pythagorean Theorem. The curricular adaptation has contributed to an inclusion in which teaching and learning process prevails.
Aceleração do processo de compostagem de lodos gerados em reatores UASB com inóculo comercial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-06)
Boina, Welliton Leandro de Oliveira
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Cordeiro, João Sergio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2572864522562875
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8710752577794108
Brazil still faces very serious problems currently related to the management of solid waste in various sectors. Among the most diverse waste generated daily, sewage sludge deserves special mention due to its problematic and often neglected final disposition. The great concern resulting from the inadequate management of this type of waste lies in the fact that it is a contaminant due to the presence of pathogenic microorganisms and toxic metals that are harmful to human health and the environment. However, as an alternative, commonly between treatments and final provisions, what is more evident is the reduction of volume and humidity for disposal in landfills. At present there is no denying certain prerogatives that meet this type of possibility, such as the scarcity of areas suitable for the construction of landfills and the guidelines related to the integrated management and solid waste management governed by Law No. 12,305 / 10, regulated by Decree No. 7.404 / 10, of December 23, 2010, which establishes the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS). Thus, the biooxidation of sanitary sewage sludge by means of the composting process can improve the physical, chemical and biological qualities of the waste, as well as represent a promising alternative to soil conditioning chemical compounds. In this sense, this study presents results of the composting process of sanitary sewage sludge generated in UASB reactors through the use of commercial inoculum. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the commercial inoculum in the composting process. During the composting process, analyzes of temperature, humidity, pH, electrical conductivity and solids contents (total, fixed and volatile) were performed, as well as the agronomic parameters of the organic compounds obtained in the final composting process. In view of the above, the results of the analyzes carried out during the composting process did not show significant improvements that justify the use of the commercial inoculum when compared to the results obtained in the composting process that did not use the commercial inoculum. Likewise, the evaluation of the analyzes performed on the organic compounds obtained at the end of the composting processes (inoculated and conventional), did not present significant changes that justify the use of the commercial inoculum. Thus, in view of the procedures in which the study was developed and considering the type of sanitary sewage sludge and the structural material used, the use of commercial inoculum in the composting process did not provide significant improvements to the point of justifying its use, with the microorganisms being native present in the system sufficient for the degradation process of organic matter.
Recuperação de informação em atas de reunião utilizando segmentação textual e extração de tópicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-07)
Francisco, Ovídio José
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Rossi, Rafael Geraldeli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3459897790282753
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Faceli, Katti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4451540730749377
In a context where the most informations stored by the organizations is in the text format, the development of computer tools for knowledge discovery aimed to organization and information retrieval is a task that holds attention and relevance. The extraction topic models are often employed in this task. This models are able to establish relations between documents and found latents patterns in sets of them. However, there is an additional challenge for documents composed by multiples subjects. For texts with subject shifts, it is necessary, in fist, found the chunks of texts that address a single subject. So, the text segmentation techniques are used to break a text in segments with a relatively independent issue. The combination of the text segmentation and topic extraction algorithms, can be used to make an structure that helps to understanding textual data, which are inherently non structured. The creation of an topic organized structure, that incorporates latent information concerning the corpus, favors Information Retrievals techniques. This approach allows query expansion space, besides the original set of terms of each segment, and the identification most relevant pieces of text. This work presents an methodology to connect the Text Segmentation techniques to the Topic extraction models, in order to generates an derivative structure from a non structured corpus, which concentrates the original texts plus the latent informations and organized by semantic likeness. The research for this thesis investigates the text segmentation techniques and the Topic extraction models to develop an Information Retrieval system for meeting minutes. We develops an system to give to the user the most relevant segments to the query. The segmentos presented are clustered by this topics, that also enables exploratory searches to the data base, through browsing by groups of semantically related segments. Furthermore, less relevant segments are omitted, allowing results focused on the researched subject. Five techniques of text segmentation and three Topic extraction models from the literature was evaluated. Based on the set of meeting minutes analysed, we create an manually annotated corpus with informations on the thematic composition of the meeting minutes and about the issue shifts. The annotated corpus served as reference to objective evaluation of the text segmentation techniques. We also evaluate the results obtained with the Topic extraction models. This results were analysed by related to the meeting minutes context. The results points the employed techniques and the methodology presented gives satisfactory answers. However, more data can be necessary to leads new experiments in order to improve the used techniques. The system implementation and the tools used in the work, as well the results obtained in the evaluations, plus the annotated corpus are the principal contributions of this work, in order to support next works.
Análise da microconformação do alumínio de grãos ultrafinos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-08)
Moraes, Etiane Carvalho
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Kliauga, Andrea Madeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3527528295399928
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0012503755485511
Product miniaturization is a current trend, involving several industry segments. Microforming is an especially interesting process to produce parts in millimeter scale because of its high productivity. The grain size can be considered as a key micro structural factor for downsizing the deformation process because it affects almost all physical and mechanical behavior of polycrystalline metals. Ultrafine grain material shows a great potential for microforming since they can decrease the elastic and plastic anisotropy that would prevail in a coarse grain structure. The aim of the study is to compare the conformability of coarse and ultrafine grain structures of a commercial grade aluminum (ASTM AA1050) in the deep drawing process at different scales to ckeck the increase in the quality of the miniaturized product and process. The material, originated from a 7 mm roll-casted sheet, was solutionized at 400°C for 2h producing a coarse grain structure of an average grain size of 150µm (CG material). The production of ultrafine grain samples was carried out by Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) using a die with an internal angle of 120°C, and route A (no rotation of the samples between passes) up to 8 passes, achieving an average grain size of 1,5µm (FG material). The grain size effect was analyzed by microhardness and tensile tests. In order to get an effective comparison between differences in dimensional scales and grain sizes, the scalar comparison was performed in four effective volumes: 252mm3, 42mm3, 28mm3 and 1mm3 in tensile experiments performed at a strain rate of 10−3 s −1. The traction test was also performed by the virtual field method (VFM), to verify the behavior of the material in the of the in the necking region. The deformation pattern was characterized by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and microhardness tests and scanning electron microscopy. A drawing die was designed to evaluate the behavior of these two materials with sheet thickness of 1 and 0.5 mm. The two materials had different deformation mechanisms: in CG the strain concentrated inside the grains and new interfaces were created with continuous hardening in the neck region, whereas in FG the thickness of the existent boundaries increased and strain was promoted by grain boundary sliding, which yield softening in the neck region. The CG structure yield larger uniform elongation and deeper drawing rate than the FG structure. On the other hand, the form adjustment and strain distribution was more uniform in the FG material than in the CG material. Contrary to the expected from the literature review, an increase of the deformation stress was measured when the scale of the sample was reduced. This effect was more accentuated in the FG than in the CG material, and this behavioral was associated to the increment of the relative sample volume participating in the stress concentration at the reduced scale.
Mapeamento dos conflitos ambientais e urbanísticos mediante levantamento de Ações Civis Públicas e Termos Ajustamento de Conduta – estudo de casos da cidade de São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-08)
Santos, Camila Marques dos
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Zanini, Leonardo Estevam de Assis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8214409754548917
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Oliveira, Celso Maran de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9911833172043700
This work presents a methodologic approach to map urbanistic and environmental conflicts using data collection of legal records from 2006 until 2016, in São Carlos region, State of São Paulo. The metodology consists in: literature review, quantitative analysis, characterization and mapping. The literature review sought to group information as possible about the search objects. The data were obtained by analising two types of documented legal instruments (Public Civil Lawsuits and Terms of Conduct Adjustment in Federal and State Justice) that aim to protect public interests. The methodology consisted in collecting data of lawsuits which made possible a quantitative analysis, characterization and mapping forementioned conflicts. For each oft he two legal instruments a database has been created in order to analyze the object of study in terms of duration, nature, defendants and authors. The characterization was carried out by analyzing the obligations for each lawsuit and the creation of subjects and categories, that allowed to identify the main lines of conflict. The mapping was realized by Google Earth Pro software, using geographical location data found in the analyzed documents. These data were subsequently imported into a Geographical Information System, which enabled the creation database statistc analyses of spacial data. The used software was (ESRI ArcGIS, version 10.3). Thus, it was possible to carry out data storage and processing, as well as the documentation of geographic information and mapping of environmental and urban conflicts. Databases allow you to conduct further for future research.
Uma análise do direito e da democracia na perspectiva da teoria do discurso de Habermas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-08)
Silva, Eder Mauro da
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Stival, Monica Loyola
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0624149613819754
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4036613925628872
This dissertation intends to reflect on some points of the reconstructive analysis of law and democracy in the perspective of Habermas' discourse theory, in order to discuss the possibility of an emancipatory social integration inscribed in modern society. Starting from the communicative rationality, the public sphere category and the tension between facticity and validity, present in different forms and at various moments in the work Between Facts and Norms, our work reflects on the communicative potentials inserted in modern institutions. Positive law, in the tense relation of distinct and complementary to morality, is the "transforming" element that allows us to move both in the world of life and in the system, allowing us, within the democratic process, to think about the elaboration and implementation of the association of free and equal citizens. The procedural model of democracy proposed by Habermas, understood as a dynamic process, devoid of content, will constitute the point of balance between the demands of communicative action, filtered by the public sphere, and the decision-making processes of the political system. In this sense, our work, in view of emancipation, discusses the emergence of a radical reflection on the legitimacy of law and democracy as fundamental categories of social integration facing the challenges of complex capitalist and pluralistic modernity.
O uso do espaço aeroportuário pela espécie Coragyps atratus. Estudo de caso: Aeroporto Estadual Comandante Rolim Adolfo Amaro - SBJD
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-08)
Glanso, Claudia Militão Berbert
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Silva, Wesley Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2864071049485978
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Moschini, Luiz Eduardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2728357583462262
The danger to aviation safety due to birds has drawn attention for many years. In Brazil, more than 8,000 wildlife collisions were recorded between 2011 and 2015, in addition to a significant increase in wildlife sightings at airports or their immediate surroundings. This increase may be due to the fact that aerodromes are naturally attractive to the fauna, especially birds, because they are large open areas, protected from predators and humans, and have water and food sources for many species. The management of bird risk, in order to be efficient, must rely on local actions of data collection and observation of the attractive fauna-problem factors such as the black-headed vulture (Coragyps atratus), widely distributed throughout Brazil. Thus, the present study aimed to understand the use of the airport space by the C. atratus species, as well as the attraction factors that keep it frequently present inside the SBJD airport site and propose management measures aiming to reduce the potential risk of collisions. For this purpose, the species was monitored for 14 months to identify the most critical points. The analysis, through Kernel Maps, indicated that having restaurants inside the airport site interferes with the presence density of the species, and its higher frequency in the rainy/hot period. A Fauna Risk Management Program was also developed with the objective of managing the risk of collision between animals and aircraft operating at and around the aerodrome, through procedures and operational routines.
Evolução das tecnologias de representação: das linguagens de marcação aos dados interligados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-08)
Martins, Paulo George Miranda
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Ramalho, Rogério Aparecido Sá
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5602653417743793
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8833192447807161
The so-called Representation Languages have always been directly related to the instruments and professional practices identified in the field of Information Science. From the development of digital technologies, the bibliographic representation formats have evolved to meet emerging information demands. In this sense, the methods of representation have always been objects of investigation in the field of Information Science that since its creation, develops methods directed to the representation of the diverse types of informational resources. In view of this scenario, we ask: what are the relations between the representation languages conventionally used in the area of Information Science and the technologies of interconnected data publishing? The objective of the research is to analyze the evolution of representation languages and to identify the existing relationships between the representation tools used in the area of Information Science and the new trends of interconnected data publication. It is a theoretical research of qualitative approach, and applied nature, focused on the analytical observation of the documents that approach the thematic of information representation. Bibliographic and documentary analysis is used as methodological procedures, addressing the volume of data and information obtained through the technique of content analysis. The research is justified due to the need for studies that corroborate for a better understanding of the new models of representation based on the proposal of interconnected data and its applications for the area of Information Science. As a result, an overview of the evolution of representation languages is presented and the main relationships with the new interrelated data publishing trends are described, especially the BIBFRAME data model.
Ecologia do caranguejo Ocypode quadrata (FABRICIUS, 1787) em ecossistemas de dunas no litoral de Santa Catarina, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-09)
Vale, Julia Gomes do
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Branco, Joaquim Olinto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3241905846920207
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0535326549747017
The semi-terrestrial crab, Ocypode quadrata (Fabricius, 1787), popularly known as ghost crab in the world and maria-farinha in Brazil, is the most conspicuous invertebrate on sandy beaches of the western Atlantic coast. The species is extremely relevant to this ecosystem, since it´s the top-chain predator concerning to other invertebrates. However, the study about biology of this crab still exhibition a shortage of information. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the diet and population dynamics of O. quadrata in three morphodynamic beaches in southern coast of Brazil. The collections were carried out on March 2017 to February 2018, on the beaches of Lagoa de Barra Velha, Navegantes and Brava, located in coast of northern Santa Catarina. A total of 698 specimens were captured: 55.58% males, 33.52% females, 1.86% ovigerous females and 10.90% juveniles. Among these, 660 stomachs were examined and the food categories were expressed by the food index (IAi). The crab diet did not show significant differences regarding sex, ontogeny and beaches with different morphotypes. There was only variation in relation to the year, with the most representative categories being Insecta, Unidentified organic matter and Crustacea. The O. quadrata crab was classified as opportunistic with a carnivorous food habit, with a trend to insectivory. Regarding the population aspects, the densities of burrows showed no differences during the year and between the environments, and the pattern distribution of burrows was aggregated for the three beaches. Regarding sex ratio, there was a deviation in favor males at some periods in the year for the three sites. The recruiting period occurred in late summer in Navegantes and in the cold season in Barra Velha and Itajaí. Sexual dimorphism was evident for this species, males tended to invest more in body mass than females, but both presented positive allometric growth. There was also a difference in growth between the beaches of Itajaí and Navegantes. Von Bertalanffy's growth model demonstrated that the highest value L∞ (maximum width) estimated for both sexes was in the reflective beach (Barra Velha). The maximum longevity of the species was Tmax = 4.86 years for males and Tmax = 3.61 years for females. Regarding sexual maturity, the size of first gonadal maturation (L50) for the species resulted in differences between the sexes, with males ranging from 2.40 cm to 2.83 cm and females between 2.84 cm to 3.01 cm.
Cidades em disputa: gestão dos usos do espaço e política das práticas a partir da Praça Roosevelt, em São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-09)
Pimentel, André de Pieri
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Feltran, Gabriel de Santis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6789864439048444
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4632692404290852
This ressearch intents to analyse, based on ethnographic study made in Praça Franklin Roosevelt, a public square in the neighborhood of Consolação (Central region of São Paulo), interfaces between determined mechanisms of space management and their concrete appropriation, destabilization and resistences. Builded in 1970, in the middle of the brazilian military dictatorship, the square was completely rebuilded in the year 2010, by the cost of R$ 55 million. Among the intentions behind such intervention, there were an attempt to estabilish a higher state control of the uses of that space, considered as problematic from a urban planning point of view. But, despite the intense presence and transit of police forces in the space since the reconstruction, not only certain modalities of insurgent uses still occupy it but also many of them assume directly critical positions on that repressive management of the uses of public spaces. The focus on this ressearch is to think apropriations, questionings, ruptures, in an experience level, of political discourses and institutional mechanisms that act in the establishment of a restrictive and reppressive management.
Conhecendo o nanomundo, produzindo nanoartes; uma etnografia das formas a associações emergentes em um laboratório de nanotecnologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-09)
Silva Filho, Maurilio de Jesus
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Lanna, Marcos Pazzanese Duarte
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8355559441138016
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3723-7725
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0047994357021409
This ethnography is about the produce of images and senses in the world on nanometric scales in a scientific and technological laboratory. Images that come to life and senses and transformed in artistic artifacts. The Nanoart, imaginative creations that have their root in the images of electronic microscopes, are not merely the matter of study of this work, they also help me as ethnographic guides into my immerging and learning what is going on in a nanotechnology laboratory, named LIEC. The nanoworld, the world occurring in the depths of matter and inhabited by vibrations and atomic particles are explored there, in the dual meaning of this word. Molecules and atoms are embedded by researches in a repeated search for management of the forms and associations of chemical compounds manipulated by the wish of their “masters. Scientific images that are generated by microscopes and spread as visible evidence of a characteristic of the material produced. The later generated arts are a small fraction of these scientific images chosen to become artistic artifacts. They are inserted internal and external to the scientific world into circulation, included into contexts of scientific popularization and disperse in the social environment, acting as elements of perception capture in favor of the worlds on nanoscale, this world that is in a daily interaction with researchers and laboratory technicians.
Avaliação ambiental e estrutura das comunidades de peixes e invertebrados marinhos em áreas de arrasto camaroeiro do litoral de Santa Catarina, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-09)
Barrilli, Germano Henrique Costa
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Rodrigues Filho, Jorge Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1847907417927121
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Verani, José Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0053232138684810
The shrimp trawling is carried out all over the Brazilian coast and has a significant economic, social and cultural importance. This type of fishing is recognized by the impacts that they cause on the substrate and benthic fauna, being effective for the target species, but not selective for the others species, considering that most of them are caught "unintentionally". In this work, the trawls of three traditional fishing areas of the Santa Catarina coast were analyzed from different perspectives, leading to the elaboration of four chapters. The first chapter deals with the environmental and ecological evaluation of the invertebrate species that occur in these places, the relationships with the environmental variables and possible impacts in the trawling areas. In the second chapter, under the same perspective of the first, the ichthyofauna of these sites was analyzed to evaluate its response to environmental conditions. The third chapter presents a conservationist approach, where the fish and invertebrate communities were evaluated in order to identify the best strategy for conservation, considering the dissimilarities and the organization of the species among the sites. Finally, the fourth chapter provides biological information on the main fish species from the central locality of our studies (Penha-SC). Considering the three studies, we conclude that: (1) - the areas are under frequent disturbances; (2) - Barra do Sul has a homogeneous substrate, predominantly sandy, which causes negative effects in the fish and invertebrates communities, (3) - Porto Belo has the highest diversity of species and the best quality of habitats, while Penha is in an intermediate situation between the studied environments; and (4) - three environments are different and have a high conservation value, particularly for high turnover of species. Therefore, these areas need prioritization for regional conservation. Stimulating future bycatch experiences for biota knowledge is necessary, since most of the marine invertebrate and fish species captured in this study lack behavioral, biological, and ecological information. Thus, to know more about the dynamics of the populations affected in this and in the other trawling areas of the Brazilian coast is of extreme importance to manage and contribute with the conservation of the species, aiming the sustainability of the fisheries.
How short-term variation influence the relative importance of environmental and spatial factors associated to anuran dissimilarity composition
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-10)
Mello, Flávia Gomes de
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Silva, Fernando Rodrigues da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8543094930527221
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0916793520798473
Understanding the processes that create the patterns of species composition and biodiversity variation across the space has been one of the main topics within the theory of metacommunities. However, most studies rely on static snapshots of community data and few studies have examined the importance of including temporal variability. Here, we examined beta diversity distribution of anuran community composition through three years and considering the whole period of study at different spatial extents in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: i) seven inland communities; ii) seven coastal communities; and iii) communities pooled together. We partitioned total beta diversity into species replacement and nestedness-resultant components then we used deviance partitioning to explore the relative importance of environmental and spatial factors explaining the distribution of anuran community changes over the years. Species replacement was the predominant component of anuran beta diversity, but average values of species replacement and nestedness-resultant were not congruent across the years. We observed that average values of beta diversity components decrease when species composition of whole period of study are pooled together and increase with increasing spatial extent. Furthermore, our results indicate that Brazilian Atlantic Forest anuran community compositions are highly dynamic in space and time, and the factors explaining the distribution of species replacement and nestedness-resultant are dependent of the sampling year and spatial extent. Thus, metacommunity studies that do not evaluate different spatial and temporal changes should be cautious about the generality of their biological conclusions.
Demarcando vestígios: definindo (o território de) indígenas em isolamento voluntário na Terra Indígena Massaco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-10)
Pereira, Amanda Villa
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Vander Velden, Felipe Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7289231173735671
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0894991712266024
The presence of reports in the big mass media spreading the existence of isolated indigenous people in the Amazon forest has grown exponentially over the last years. Such movement is associated mainly due to the onslaughts of a “developmental” nature that is moving forward to lands that are most wanted from the predatory capitalism, along with persistent illegal activities looking for timber and other resources from the forest. Yet, Brazil is a reference when it comes to protection measures to such indigenous communities, and this reputation is due mostly to policies related to demarcation of lands, highlighting the demarcation of an indigenous area exclusively to isolated people in 1996: the indigenous land called Massaco, in the state of Rondônia. In order to enable the land demarcation, it was necessary to create innovations regarding demarcation procedures, in which, as a matter of course, must host the attendance of the indigenous themselves when defining their traditional territory. Regarding the Massaco’s area, it was by the track and traces from an indigenous group that their territory and existence have been defined, while their image is still being designed as an ongoing study of the artifacts found, forsaken Camps, appearance reports and distance observations: they cannot be heard, obviously, therefore they cannot define “their” own territory. The aim of this research is to explore the debates related to the identification of such groups in order to, subsequently, investigate how the land demarcation took place, as well as seeking the knowledge of how their image remains continuously under negotiation at the politics scope for the isolated indigenous people from Rondônia and the Brazilian Amazon.
Na primeira Terra todos eram Mbya: cotidiano na aldeia entre muitos "tipos de gente"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-10)
Ferreira, Luisa Maria
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Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2936631506663149
This research has as its theme the relations between the Guarani Mbya of the Ribeirão Silveira Indigenous Land and other “kind of people”, a category of thought adopted by me, which has awakened my reflection on the meanings attributed by the Mbya, that is: animals, plants, places, dead, beings and “owners”. From living together in this community, at the foot of Serra do Mar, on the north coast of São Paulo, I intend to demonstrate in this ethnography, the importance given by the Guarani Mbya to other “kind of people”. My aim is to find out to what extent their existenice in tekoa is necessary to promote and ensure the teko porã (“good life”) they desire. That is, this work is the search to find the Guarani Mbya questions, guided by the questions they ask themselves, containing the problems they face. Such questions drive and motivate their daily actions and are present in the processes of reflection and knowledge that the Guarani have, as much as we researchers or not, Westerners or not. What can we learn about people from the questions they ask themselves about their way of life? What about the life forms that surround them? The Guarani-Mbya belong to a subgroup of the Guarani people. Speakers of Mbya Guarani, a Guarani language belonging to the Tupi-Guarani family of the Tupi trunk. They are located in the densest and oldest region of non-indigenous occupation in the country. Present according to data from the Centro de Trabalho Indigenista (CTI) in more than a hundred villages in the South and Southeast of Brazil (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul). They are also present in the states of Pará and Tocantins, in addition to Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay. With regard to language, Mbya Guarani and Nhandeva speakers live in the Ribeirão Silveira TI. A good part of the population is married or descends from marriages between members of both Guarani subgroups, as I was able to ascertain. For the development of this work, a bibliographical study was made on this people. To this was associated the author's coexistence, for eight months, in the tribe as a way of reporting and observing their daily lives and all the questions raised by me, presented above. The research consists of a case study, containing reports and transcripts.
Inferência bayesiana em modelos de volatilidade estocástica usando métodos de Monte Carlo Hamiltoniano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-10)
Dias, David de Souza
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Ehlers, Ricardo Sandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4020997206928882
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1075237626573361
This paper presents a study using Bayesian approach in stochastic volatility models for modeling financial time series, using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo methods (HMC). We propose the use of other distributions for the errors of the equation at stochastic volatiliy model, besides the Gaussian distribution, to treat the problem as heavy tails and asymmetry in the returns. Moreover, we use recently developed information criteria WAIC and LOO that approximate the crossvalidation methodology, to perform the selection of models. Throughout this work, we study the quality of the HMC methods through examples, simulation study and application to dataset. In addition, we evaluated the performance of the proposed models and methods by calculating estimates for Value at Risk (VaR) for multiple time horizons.
Influência da mistura gasosa e da temperatura no processo de nitrocarbonetação a plasma do aço DIN 100Cr6
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-10)
Fontes, Marcos Alves
;
Nascente, Pedro Augusto de Paula
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1387043320265189
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9159934014167252
The surface treatments of metal alloys allow improving the surface qualities by the deposition of another material or by surface modification, producing coatings. The nitrocarburizing, considered one of the most important thermochemical treatments, involves the simultaneous diffusion of N and C into the surface. Understanding and controlling the formation of the nitrocarburized layer have considerable industrial interest due to the improvements regarding wear, fatigue, and corrosion resistances on the metals and their alloys. In the present work, surface modification by plasma nitrocarburizing was performed in a DIN 100Cr6 steel. The studied process parameters were the treatment temperature (550 and 600°C) and methane concentration in the gas mixture (0, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0%), whereas the treatment time was fixed in 2h. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses, as well as wear resistance and micro-hardness tests were used to characterize the samples. The results show that the modifications on the material surface considerably improve the mechanical properties such as hardness and wear resistance, by the formation of nitrides. The compound layer composition and morphology are quite sensitive to the temperature and chemical composition of the treatment atmosphere. Increasing the CH4 concentration on the gas mixture contributes to the formation of the epsilon-Fe2-3 (C,N) phase, considerably enhancing the wear resistance and microhardness, and the use of high N2 concentration induces the production of a micro-porosity layer. Ferritic nitrocarburizing promotes thinner micro-porosity and compound layers, with predominant epsilon phase, and higher superficial microhardness, and the austenitic nitrocarburizing produces a thicker micro-porosity and compound layers, with predominant epsilon and gama’-Fe4N phases on the compound layer.
Diversidade e estruturação genética em populações africanas e brasileiras de garça-vaqueira (Bubulcus ibis, Linnaeus,1758) determinadas por microssatélites
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-13)
Geronimo, Cristiana Trujilu
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Del Lama, Sílvia Nassif
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7893772074091604
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3313191659512333
Bubulcus ibis (cattle egret) is an ardeid whose original distribution included the countries of Africa, southern Europe and Western Asia. At the end of the 19th century, the species was first recorded in northern South America and by 1970 already spread across the continent. One of the hypotheses of the entry of this bird on the continent assumes transoceanic crossings from Center-West of the African continent to the regions of Suriname and Guyana, an from this area they had dispersed. The objective of this work was to study the process of colonization of Brazil by means of microsatellite markers. We analyzed 14 microsatellite DNA loci extracted from 300 blood samples (N = 134 Africans and N = 166 Brazilians) of twenty-two populations. Similar levels of genetic diversity were found in the African and Brazilian populations, but a greater diversity was observed in African populations. By Fst and AMOVA tests, significant differentiation was found between all individual and by the pairwise Fst analysis was evident that this differentiation is due more to differences between the Brazilian and African populations. Bayesian analysis of genetic groupings revealed a clear structuring between populations of the native and colonized area. The result of the Bayesian analysis indicates that the birds would leave the West African region, without indicating which region and they arrived mainly in the Brazilian Northeast / North regions (Pará, Pernambuco and Fernando de Noronha). Similar levels of genetic diversity among African and Brazilian populations and the absence of inbreeding in the Brazilian populations are consistent with the assumption that the colonization occurred with several inputs (propagules) and with a reasonable number of individuals. The low degree of structuring discards the occurrence of gene flow, previously assumed with mitochondrial data.
A Plataforma Lattes como recurso estratégico para a gestão dos Programas de Pós-Graduação: uma análise baseada na produção de artigos científicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-13)
Maciel, Raquel Santos
;
Faria, Leandro Innocentini Lopes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0767710394930118
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8340802207052353
Bibliometric analyzes of the scientific production have great adherence in the area of Information Science for the possibility of establishing profiles of the scientific activity and allow the decision on the allocation of resources with regard to the management of the graduate programs. In this sense, this research analyzes the Lattes Platform as a strategic resource to subsidize the periodic partial monitoring of the intellectual production of the postgraduate programs of the Brazilian higher education institutions, taking as a parameter the recommendations of the National Postgraduate Plan regarding the indicators aimed at improving concepts. Among these indicators, those that stand out in the Assessment Sheet - an instrument used in the evaluative process of the masters and doctoral courses - are the four indicators: Intellectual Production, in its subitem articles published in periodicals. Quantitative approach, applied nature and exploratory and descriptive character, this research has as general objective to develop a systematic for the elaboration and analysis of bibliometric indicators related to the production of scientific articles of professors accredited in postgraduate programs. The postgraduate programs of the Federal University of São Carlos were chosen as units of application of this systematics, as well as the subunits of application were the Graduate Programs in Science and Engineering of Materials, in Education and in Information Science. The methodological procedures involved the SyncLattes and VantagePoint softwares for the collection, data processing and elaboration of bibliometric indicators, with a total of 16,275 bibliographic records related to the scientific articles published in the period 2010-2017 by 48 programs in operation in the year 2016. They were elaborated indicators related to the average annual production of articles for the three-year period 2010-2012 and the quadrennium 2013-2016, in addition to the quantity of articles published in the year 2017, in order to allow the monitoring of the production of articles in their quantitative aspect. As regards the qualitative aspect, the Qualis Periodic evaluation instruments were used as reference, which establish eight strata - A1, A2, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 and C - to classify the intellectual production published in scientific journals. Thus, it was possible to characterize the production of articles studied in connection with one of the aspects of the evaluation process, which can contribute to the decision-making in a timely manner and to the management in the scope of graduate programs. From the results, it is intended to increase the visibility of the Lattes Platform as an important strategic resource, since it provides data on the most diverse types of publications in a global way, which can contribute to the management of graduate programs and the institution itself.