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O Estado pós-neoliberal e os Programas de Transferência Condicionada de Renda no Brasil e na Argentina: ruptura ou continuidade?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-06) Silva, Ivan Henrique de Mattos e; Cepêda, Vera Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4917331423373631; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3755380812511630
The period placed between the early 2000s and the mid 2010s set up new experiences on the horizon of Latin America that presented themselves as alternatives to the neoliberal hegemony that followed the processes of democratic reconstruction of the 1980s and 1990s. Respected the peculiarities and specificities of each case, those experiences were broadly defined as different expressions of a post neoliberal State. This work aims to analyze the patterns of rupture and continuity represented by the post neoliberal experiences of Brazil and Argentina, considering as the object what became the main state strategy to fight social asymmetries in the late twentieth century: the Conditioned Cash Transfer Programs, respectively the Programa Bolsa Família and the Asignación Universal por Hijo.
Teorema de Pitágoras: uma proposta de ensino e aprendizagem para alunos deficientes visuais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-06) Luiz, Nasael Martins; Pires, Rogério Fernando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2795801064535157; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9378110405964744
The purpose of this paper was to investigate the potentialities and limitations of a teaching intervention, structured on the basis of making materials to be handled by visually impaired students, aiming at the construction of Pythagorean Theorem concept, systematization and learning. The chosen theme is part of Geometry field which has strong association with visual experiences, and from the hypothesis that this public is able to appropriate notions related to this concept as well as the sighted, providing their access by other senses, considering their specificities and adaptations. This study proposed to answer the question: "What are the potentialities and limitations of a structured teaching intervention from tactile materials related to Pythagorean Theorem, for the first grade students with visual impairment?" And to answer it, a qualitative research was carried out through a case study, with two congenital blind pupils of public schools in Itapevi and Barueri, both in São Paulo. The students passed by the interventions which consisted on the application of seven activities using a representative depictions of polygons and specific instruments to measure and compare angles. The theoretical basis of this research was the study of Vygotsky's conceptions of the development of higher psychological functions through the observation of information transit (the thoughts) at the zone of proximal development of an individual. An overview of Brazilian legislation on inclusive education that theoretically approaches disabled people education, especially visual sensory, was also part of the elements that underpinned this study. The results showed that a mediation action of an experienced person aided with the manipulation of materials and structured activities within each students specificities, made possible the acquisition and development of knowledge related to Geometry by the students, to construct the concept of the Pythagorean Theorem. The curricular adaptation has contributed to an inclusion in which teaching and learning process prevails.
Aceleração do processo de compostagem de lodos gerados em reatores UASB com inóculo comercial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-06) Boina, Welliton Leandro de Oliveira; Cordeiro, João Sergio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2572864522562875; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8710752577794108
Brazil still faces very serious problems currently related to the management of solid waste in various sectors. Among the most diverse waste generated daily, sewage sludge deserves special mention due to its problematic and often neglected final disposition. The great concern resulting from the inadequate management of this type of waste lies in the fact that it is a contaminant due to the presence of pathogenic microorganisms and toxic metals that are harmful to human health and the environment. However, as an alternative, commonly between treatments and final provisions, what is more evident is the reduction of volume and humidity for disposal in landfills. At present there is no denying certain prerogatives that meet this type of possibility, such as the scarcity of areas suitable for the construction of landfills and the guidelines related to the integrated management and solid waste management governed by Law No. 12,305 / 10, regulated by Decree No. 7.404 / 10, of December 23, 2010, which establishes the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS). Thus, the biooxidation of sanitary sewage sludge by means of the composting process can improve the physical, chemical and biological qualities of the waste, as well as represent a promising alternative to soil conditioning chemical compounds. In this sense, this study presents results of the composting process of sanitary sewage sludge generated in UASB reactors through the use of commercial inoculum. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the commercial inoculum in the composting process. During the composting process, analyzes of temperature, humidity, pH, electrical conductivity and solids contents (total, fixed and volatile) were performed, as well as the agronomic parameters of the organic compounds obtained in the final composting process. In view of the above, the results of the analyzes carried out during the composting process did not show significant improvements that justify the use of the commercial inoculum when compared to the results obtained in the composting process that did not use the commercial inoculum. Likewise, the evaluation of the analyzes performed on the organic compounds obtained at the end of the composting processes (inoculated and conventional), did not present significant changes that justify the use of the commercial inoculum. Thus, in view of the procedures in which the study was developed and considering the type of sanitary sewage sludge and the structural material used, the use of commercial inoculum in the composting process did not provide significant improvements to the point of justifying its use, with the microorganisms being native present in the system sufficient for the degradation process of organic matter.