Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2018-08-13"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 12839

Diversidade e estruturação genética em populações africanas e brasileiras de garça-vaqueira (Bubulcus ibis, Linnaeus,1758) determinadas por microssatélites
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-13)
Geronimo, Cristiana Trujilu
;
Del Lama, Sílvia Nassif
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7893772074091604
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3313191659512333
Bubulcus ibis (cattle egret) is an ardeid whose original distribution included the countries of Africa, southern Europe and Western Asia. At the end of the 19th century, the species was first recorded in northern South America and by 1970 already spread across the continent. One of the hypotheses of the entry of this bird on the continent assumes transoceanic crossings from Center-West of the African continent to the regions of Suriname and Guyana, an from this area they had dispersed. The objective of this work was to study the process of colonization of Brazil by means of microsatellite markers. We analyzed 14 microsatellite DNA loci extracted from 300 blood samples (N = 134 Africans and N = 166 Brazilians) of twenty-two populations. Similar levels of genetic diversity were found in the African and Brazilian populations, but a greater diversity was observed in African populations. By Fst and AMOVA tests, significant differentiation was found between all individual and by the pairwise Fst analysis was evident that this differentiation is due more to differences between the Brazilian and African populations. Bayesian analysis of genetic groupings revealed a clear structuring between populations of the native and colonized area. The result of the Bayesian analysis indicates that the birds would leave the West African region, without indicating which region and they arrived mainly in the Brazilian Northeast / North regions (Pará, Pernambuco and Fernando de Noronha). Similar levels of genetic diversity among African and Brazilian populations and the absence of inbreeding in the Brazilian populations are consistent with the assumption that the colonization occurred with several inputs (propagules) and with a reasonable number of individuals. The low degree of structuring discards the occurrence of gene flow, previously assumed with mitochondrial data.
A Plataforma Lattes como recurso estratégico para a gestão dos Programas de Pós-Graduação: uma análise baseada na produção de artigos científicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-13)
Maciel, Raquel Santos
;
Faria, Leandro Innocentini Lopes de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0767710394930118
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8340802207052353
Bibliometric analyzes of the scientific production have great adherence in the area of Information Science for the possibility of establishing profiles of the scientific activity and allow the decision on the allocation of resources with regard to the management of the graduate programs. In this sense, this research analyzes the Lattes Platform as a strategic resource to subsidize the periodic partial monitoring of the intellectual production of the postgraduate programs of the Brazilian higher education institutions, taking as a parameter the recommendations of the National Postgraduate Plan regarding the indicators aimed at improving concepts. Among these indicators, those that stand out in the Assessment Sheet - an instrument used in the evaluative process of the masters and doctoral courses - are the four indicators: Intellectual Production, in its subitem articles published in periodicals. Quantitative approach, applied nature and exploratory and descriptive character, this research has as general objective to develop a systematic for the elaboration and analysis of bibliometric indicators related to the production of scientific articles of professors accredited in postgraduate programs. The postgraduate programs of the Federal University of São Carlos were chosen as units of application of this systematics, as well as the subunits of application were the Graduate Programs in Science and Engineering of Materials, in Education and in Information Science. The methodological procedures involved the SyncLattes and VantagePoint softwares for the collection, data processing and elaboration of bibliometric indicators, with a total of 16,275 bibliographic records related to the scientific articles published in the period 2010-2017 by 48 programs in operation in the year 2016. They were elaborated indicators related to the average annual production of articles for the three-year period 2010-2012 and the quadrennium 2013-2016, in addition to the quantity of articles published in the year 2017, in order to allow the monitoring of the production of articles in their quantitative aspect. As regards the qualitative aspect, the Qualis Periodic evaluation instruments were used as reference, which establish eight strata - A1, A2, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 and C - to classify the intellectual production published in scientific journals. Thus, it was possible to characterize the production of articles studied in connection with one of the aspects of the evaluation process, which can contribute to the decision-making in a timely manner and to the management in the scope of graduate programs. From the results, it is intended to increase the visibility of the Lattes Platform as an important strategic resource, since it provides data on the most diverse types of publications in a global way, which can contribute to the management of graduate programs and the institution itself.
Estratégia de operações e gestão ambiental: estudo multi-casos em empresas industriais certificadas ISO-14001
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-14)
Ribeiro, José Roberto Soares
;
Alves Filho, Alceu Gomes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7885557554922569
;
Torkomian, Ana Lúcia Vitale
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2321084184622795
The aim of this doctoral thesis was to verify if the environment could be considered in the Operations Strategy (OS) as a new competitive priority of the Operations, together with Cost, Delivery, Flexibility and Quality. For this, it was analyzed how the Environmental Management (EM) and the OS are related in ISO-14001 certified industrial companies. Data were collected through bibliographic research, semi-structured interviews, systematic observations and documentary consultation. It was a research with a qualitative approach using the case study technique in the companies Natura Cosméticos S/A, Tilibra Produtos de Papelaria Ltda. and companies X and Y. The results pointed out that the environment can be considered in the OS a new competitive priority of Operations, thus constituting a factor of competitive differentiation, but in conjunction with Innovation and Sustainability or Triple Bottom Line. EM, on the other hand, constitutes an infra-structural decision area of the OS, being able to base the Competitive Strategies (CS) of differentiation or of low cost. That is, the company can work the environment as a factor of competitive differentiation or only of qualification next to the consumer market, being able to extrapolate the objective of complying with the legislation or corporate guidelines. In any case, the environment may be in the Mission, Vision and Values of the company and its OS, having the potential for competitive differentiation, for to leverage of the company in your market, also for to reduce cost through continuous improvement projects involving consumptions of imputs, such water and energy.
Mecanismos de compensação fisiológica e alocação de recursos no desenvolvimento de Canavalia ensiformis DC. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-14)
Curiel, Aline Cristine
;
Agostini, Kayna
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5894768661755535
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3713950623917859
Vegetative and reproductive phases of plant growth differ in their metabolic activity, which is greater during the reproductive period and consequently, requires more energy. Physiological compensatory mechanisms are alternatives used by plants when the energy demand is greater or resources are scarce, in order to obtain the necessary energy. The main examples are: increase the photosynthetic rates or allocate resources from other organs. This study aimed to verify what physiological compensatory mechanisms Canavalia ensiformis uses to supplement the greater energetic demand during the reproductive phase. The photosynthetic activity was evaluated measuring the parameters: sub-stomatal CO2 concentration, CO2 stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthetic rate, and leaf temperature. The data collection was done throughout the day using a portable photosynthetic measurement system (LCi-SD). The resource allocation dynamics of the species was evaluated by quantifying the biomass accumulation in plants harvested in the early stages of flowering, fructification and physiological maturity. Canavalia ensiformis flowering was premature and although the leaf number increased, the leaf area decreased between flowering and fructification. The photosynthetic activity parameters were higher during the reproductive phase, except for photosynthetic rate, which was slightly higher during the vegetative phase. The high temperature observed during the data collection suggests that the photosynthetic activity variation is related to climatic conditions and not to the phenological phase. The dry mass values were greater in the fructification stage and the biomass accumulation decreased between this stage and the physiological maturity period, indicating that the energy produced was allocated to the seed production instead to the vegetative growth. There is no evidence of resource allocation from roots, suggesting this species balances resources distribution, not using physiological compensatory mechanisms to obtain the energy required during the reproductive phase.
Família-escola: curso de formação para professores pré-escolares de alunos do público-alvo da educação especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-14)
Borges, Laura
;
Cia, Fabiana
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5999108571365402
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4828937301601338
The family and school relationship has been pointed out by many researches as one of the factors favoring the development and learning of students of the target audience of special education (TAEE), especially in childhood. However, the lack of training and information on part of professionals who work with these children on how to attract and involve the family in the school are also highlighted by the studies in the area by turn the relationship difficult. Therefore, this study has as a general objective to plan, implement and evaluate a family and school relationship training course for teachers of pre-school students in the targeted public of special education. The specific objectives were: (a) analyze the family and school relationship, according to the teachers opinion before and after the training course; (b) analyze the family and school relationship according to family members opinion before and after teachers in the training course; (c) analyze the relationship between family and teachers throughout the training course; and (d) assessing the social validity and structure of the training course. Fifteen family members and 15 pre-school teachers from TAEE students from public, private and special schools participated in the study. The data collection took place in three stages: the first one, the pre-test, carried out through a questionnaire to the teachers and their families; the second, the training course, held at the university's premises, consisting of 10 meetings lasting two hours each, applied only to the teachers; and the third stage, the post-test, in which the questionnaire used at the beginning of the research was again applied, in order to verify possible modifications. To perform data collection and respond to the research objectives, in addition to the questionnaire used for the pre- and post-test, field diaries were also used which the teachers completed weekly reporting the established contacts with the relatives of their target student, and the intervention evaluation questionnaire, applied at the last meeting of the course. The qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis and the quantitative data were analyzed through measures of central tendency and dispersion. The results of the pre and post-test of the teachers indicated a discrete increase in the frequency and duration of the meetings with the families. They also started to have more contact with family members, however, the frequency with which they planned these meetings decreased. The variety of media used diminished, prevailing personal contacts. There was an increase in the evaluation of the personal participation, the participation of the family members and the relation established, except for the evaluation of the posture of the families who did not present expressive change. As for the pre and post-test of the families, it was verified an increase in the frequency and duration of the meetings with the teachers, variation in the subjects treated and greater initiative on the part of the teachers for the contact. Teachers started to plan meetings less, while family members began to plan more often. Time is a question present in the factors that hinder and prevent the establishment of contact, being pointed as a factor that could be modified aiming to improve the meetings. In addition, both participants pointed to school-related factors as harmful or impeding the contact, and in the post-test, the families indicated more questions related to themselves. In general, the evaluations of the postures and the productivity of the meetings will vary because of events in the relationship; however, the positive ones remained more frequently. It was noticed that the family had a more positive perception of the teachers, than these had of the relatives. In several situations, the family's satisfaction with the family and school relationship was higher compared to the teachers. In relation to the monitoring of the relationship of dyads through the field diaries, there is a marked individuality and specificity in the cases, preventing generalizations. No substantial changes were identified in the quantities, frequency, and duration of the contacts, and the subjects dealt with the specific situations by which the dyads were passing. The analysis of the teachers regarding the posture of the family and the contact established varied according to the subject treated and the responsible involved. Evaluations were found to be more positive and favorable over the period, with specific cases in which the evaluation decreased due to events in the family. Evaluations were found to be more positive and favorable over the period, with specific cases in which the evaluation decreased due to events in the family. Regarding the social validity and structure of the course, most of the participants stated that they were satisfied, indicating that the course helped in the teaching practice and in the relationship with the families of the student. The negative aspects of the course were punctual and diversified, indicating the group's heterogeneity regarding their preferences and needs, in order to meet the needs that interfered with their practice at that time. By means of the specific modifications identified in the post-test and in the established practical relation, and by the evaluation carried out by the teachers, it is considered that the applied training course model is an interesting and feasible strategy in order to train and inform teachers about the relationship with the families of his students.
Na semente já existe um baobá: capoeira, educação e transformação socioambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-14)
Ferrari, Maíra Miller
;
Logarezzi, Amadeu José Montagnini
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6153358744019882
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6412888658400402
Every social experience produces and reproduces knowledge, this circle of actions presupposes one or more epistemologies. Considering the current social-economic crisis it is essential to rethink the knowledge process and its connection with the reality consisted of the knowledgeable subject and the sensible object. On this matter, this thesis questions. For what reason has the hegemonic epistemology eliminated the cultural and political contexts of knowledge production and reproduction from its reflections? What are the consequences of this decontextualization?Are other epistemologies possible today?How to build knowledge despite the european thinking monopoly? Which are the possible contributions of Capoeira to establish other epistemologies valuing brazilian social and environmental reality and transforming it? We’ve tried to identify how capoeira, as a afro-brazilian social practice, can engender emancipatory educative processes which will contribute to the development of sustainable societies. A field research was developed at the Kilombo Tenendé, a capoeira angola a nd permaculture center, coordinated by master Cobra Mansa and located in the city of Valença in Bahia State. Also at the Corrégo do Mel a research center of education, health and sustainability through capoeira angola , permaculture and spagyric, which is coordinated by master Índio a nd located in the São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras, in Minas Gerais state. And finally at the Associação de Capuêra Angola Paraguassú, c oordinated by master Jaime from Mar Grande in Itaparica island, in the Bahia state. The results, analyses, and developments of the research are presented in the II part of this work through articles. The investigation is guided by the critical communicative methodology grounded in Paulo Freire’s and Junger Haberman’s theories. Guided by dialogue and assessments the work is a process built collectively by the researcher and all individuals involved in the researched contexts. Beyond observation, interpretation, description, and comprehension of the social and environmental reality we sought to transform it. We identified in the Capoeira universe educative processes grounded on the afro – brazilian knowledge diversity, therefore those are emancipatory processes since they arouse reflections on consumption, ethnic-racial relations, folk wisdom, food production, ancestral heritage, etc. Thus, these educative processes grounded in african epistemologies are fundamental to the intentionality and intelligibility of socially fair and environmentally sustainable societies.
Predição do consumo de oxigênio na doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica e o impacto da síndrome overlap na capacidade máxima de exercício
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-15)
Carvalho Junior, Luiz Carlos Soares de
;
Trimer, Renata
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3102516235444475
;
Silva, Audrey Borghi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895
The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a very prevalent in clinical practice, presents complex pathophysiology because in addition to pulmonary alterations, it affects multiple organs and systems. In this way, understanding the impact of the disease on the health of the individual is a challenging task for clinical management. cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is highlighted in this scenario, since it is the gold standard method to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), expressed by oxygen uptake at the peak of exercise (V̇O2peak), an important prognostic marker in COPD. In addition, CPET provides cardiovascular, pulmonary, and muscular responses to maximal dynamic exercise for better understanding the magnitude of the damages caused by COPD. Such alterations may be even more evident when besides the COPD there is the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) coexisting in the individual, characterizing the so-called overlap syndrome. OSAS also presents high prevalence and association with exercise intolerance as well as COPD. However, despite the clinical evidence of its relevance, the CPET is still underutilized, possibly due to the high costs involved and the complexity to interpret a large number of variables obtained from the evaluation report. In this sense, two studies are presented in this thesis and they were developed for the following purposes: 1) to understand the correlation of CRF with variables evaluated by low-cost and routine clinical methods and, from these, to estimate the V̇O2peak in individuals with COPD; 2) to evaluate the impact of the overlap syndrome on the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and muscular systems during the maximal dynamic exercise of COPD individuals. In the first study, titled “CAT and FEV1: Can they predict maximal oxygen uptake in COPD?”, twenty-seven individuals with COPD performed a clinical evaluation (anamnesis, anthropometric data collection, COPD Assessment Test - CAT, and spirometry) and the CPET. In the first study, titled “CAT and FEV1: Can they predict maximal oxygen uptake in COPD?”, Twenty-seven assistants with COPD underwent COPD-CAT evaluation, spirometry) and in the second performed CPET. The results showed that V̇O2peak correlated directly with forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and inversely with the CAT questionnaire score. Moreover, these easy and wide used variables in clinical practice can be applied - individually or associated - in mathematical models to estimate the V̇O2peak. In the second study, titled "Overlap Syndrome: OSAS coexistence further compromises cardiorespiratory fitness in COPD", thirty-one individuals with COPD performed clinical and spirometry evaluations. Subsequently, the volunteers received a home visit for sleep evaluation and, according to data obtained, they were divided into COPD group or overlap syndrome group (COPD in coexistence with OSAS). In another visit to the laboratory, the volunteers performed the CPET. In order to better understand the effect of overlap syndrome, we subdivided the individuals into four groups, according to the severity of COPD and the coexistence of OSAS (COPD I / II, overlap I / II, COPD III / IV, overlap III / IV). We conclude that the coexistence of OSAS in the individual with COPD elicited increased hemodynamic and ventilatory responses to maximal aerobic exercise in comparison to COPD isolated. In addition, individuals with severe and very severe COPD present greater losses in CRF and circulatory power in the OSAS coexistence than those ones with lower severity of the disease and no overlap syndrome.
Avaliação das propriedades química e citotóxicas de novos compostos organometálicos de Ru(II) com aciltioureias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-16)
Cunha, Beatriz Nogueira da
;
Batista, Alzir Azevedo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6469642481998660
;
Moreira, Wania da Conceição
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3016270106775634
This thesis shows a study based on the synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of 19 new organometallic Ru(II) complexes with acylthioureas. The complexes have general formula Ru(6-p-cymene)Cl(PPh3)Tu]PF6 e [Ru(6-p-cymene)(PPh3)Tu]PF6 where PPh3= triphenylphosphine and Tu= N-(methylfuroyl)-N’-2-furoylthiourea (1 e 1a); N-(methyltiophenyl)-N-2-tiophenylthiourea (2); N-(methylfuroyl)-N’-2-furoyltiourea; N-(methylfuroyl)-N’-2-tiophenylthiourea (3); N-(methyl-1,3-benzodioxolyl)-N’-2-furoylthiourea (4 e 4a); N-(methyl-1,3-benzodioxolyl)-N’-2-tiophenylthiourea (5); N,N-(dimethyl)-N’-benzoylthiourea (1m e 1b); N,N-(diethyl)-N’-benzoyltiourea (2m e 2b); N,N-(dimethyl)-N’-2-furoyltiourea (3m e 3b); N,N-(diethyl)-N’-2-furoyltiourea (4m e 4b); N,N-(dimethyl)-N’-2-tiophenylthiourea (5m e 5b); N,N-(diethyl)-N’-2-tiophenylthiourea (6m e 6b). Complexes characterization was carried out by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, absorption spectroscopy in infrared region, 31P {1H}, 1H e 13C {1H} nuclear magnetic resonance and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Three different coordination modes of the acylthiourea ligands, monodentate via S atom (1-5 e 1m-6m), bidentate via S and O atoms (1b-6b) or via S and N atoms (1a e 4a), were obtained from different synthetic routes. One of the synthetic routes base on hydrolysis reaction of monodentate complexes, which promotes the conversion of coordination mode of acylthioureas to bidentate. The cytotoxicity of the complexes was evaluated in breast (MDA-MB-231), lung (A549) and prostate (DU-145) human tumor cell lines and breast (MCF-10A) and lung (MRC-5) human nontumorigenic cell lines. IC50 values of the complexes 1-5, 1a e 4a, in A549 cells, which correspond the range from 0.25 to 0.61 M, after 48 h incubation, indicate a considerable cytotoxicity with values significantly lower than the reference drug, cisplatin (11.84 M). For the complexes 1m-6m e 1b-6b, the IC50 values in the prostate cell line (2.89-7.49 M), despite indicating cell proliferative inhibition, showed lower cytotoxicity than cisplatin (2.00 M). For breast (2.89-7.49 M), and lung (IC50= 0.51-1.83 M) cell lines, the complexes 1m-6m e 1b-6b were notably more active than cisplatin, as also showed expressive selectivity (IS= 4.66-19.34) toward breast tumor cell line. Base on both activity and selectivity, the complexes 1a, 5b e 6b, as well as their respective analogous complexes in monodentate coordination 1, 5m e 6m, were chosen to continuity of biological investigations in the breast (5m, 6m, 5b e 6b) and lung (1 e 1a) tumor cell lines. These complexes induced morphology changes in their respective cell lines, were able to inhibit the colony formation, and cell migration. In addition, the complexes promoted cell cycle arrest at Sub-G1 phase and induced apoptosis cell death. Interaction studies carried out by viscosity measurements, electrophoretic mobility and competitive assays suggest the interaction between the complexes and DNA is via minor groove. The complexes also showed high HSA protein affinity (Kb= 104-106). The competitive assay using dansylglycine indicates complexes interaction with HSA site II (subdomain IIIA).
Identidades e polinômios centrais com involução para a álgebra das matrizes triangulares superiores 2x2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-16)
Urure, Ronald Ismael Quispe
;
Gonçalves, Dimas José
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1668407948840456
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6520475883577474
Let F be a field of characteristic diferent from 2. Denote by UT2(F) the 2x2 upper triangular matrix F-algebra. If * is a involution of first kind of UT2(F), denote by Id(UT2(F); * and C(UT2(F); *) the set of its *-polynomial identities and *-central polynomials, respectively. In this work, we describe: a) Id(UT2(F); ) when F is finite. b) C(UT2(F); ) when F is any fi eld.
Estudo das propriedades estruturais, ópticas e fotoluminescentes do Sistema α-(Ag2-3x-yTRxLiy)WO4 (TR = Pr, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy e Tm)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-17)
Pinatti, Ivo Mateus
;
Longo, Elson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810
;
Rosa, Ieda Lúcia Viana Rosa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086262254116449
Luminescent materials of different colors emission are of great interest for development of new or more efficient optical devices. Although many materials have been reported using different approaches, green synthesis and nanosized phosphors of high color rendering is still very limited. Tungstate matrix can be considered as ideal host lattice for dopants as they possess high thermal, chemical and physical stability. In addition, silver compounds can be an excellent material for biomedical application due to its low toxicity and bacteriostatic properties, which in turn can be used in the health area. This thesis aims to investigate the structural, optical and photoluminescent properties of the system α-(Ag2-3x-yRExLiy)WO4 (RE = Pr, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy e Tm) prepared by the coprecipitation methodology. This experimental procedure was fast, simple, and efficient to prepare these inorganic materials. The samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement analysis, Raman and Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and Photoluminescence measurements. The morphology was analyzed by Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy was performed to verify the superficial composition and details. The phase of the nanocrystals was confirmed and the structural and optical properties were dependent of the Rare Earth and Lithium ions. The nanomaterials presented excellent photoluminescent behavior due to the combined matrix and Rare Earth luminescence as well as temperature and co-doping dependence. The nanorod morphology reinforces the preferred alignment, dense packing and directional emission characteristics. Inspired by the above considerations, these new materials may present new applications and superior characteristics for luminescent compounds as well as for biological purpose.
Catalisadores Pt/Al2O3 e CeO2/Pt/Al2O3 aplicados à reação deslocamento gás-água: efeito da composição nas propriedades estruturais e catalíticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-17)
Borges, Laís Reis
;
Bueno, José Maria Corrêa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157452280626031
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9219091363286049
Alumina-supported platinum catalysts were synthesized via conventional impregnation varying the metal contents (0.3 to 2% Pt; 6 to 20% Ce, m / m) and the Pt precursors (H2PtCl6 and [Pt(NH3)4] (NO3)2), were evaluated for the structure-activity relationship in the water gas shift reaction (WGS). The results of the X-ray absorption spectroscopy analysis for the Pt/Al2O3 catalysts indicated different average sizes of metal platinum nanoparticles supported on alumina (0.7 and 1.4nm) as a function of the metal precursor, and an increase in the oxygen under the surface and/or under the metal-support interface with decreasing platinum/nanoparticle size. However, the inside and surface electron density has not been modified as indicated by the same Pt-Pt (2.75Å) and Pt-O (2.00Å) bond distances for all of the catalysts. Theoretical mechanical-quantum calculations indicated an insensitivity of the bond distances in clusters of Pt greater than 13 atoms with the addition of oxygen under the surface, suggesting that the synthesized samples are larger than this one, corroborating with the analysis of transmission electron microscopy. Infrared spectroscopy with CO adsorption (FTIR-CO) showed a distribution of metallic and slightly oxidized platinum species under the surface, and an increase of Pt0 sites of low coordination with the platinum content due to a lower coverage of the oxygen. These sites of low coordination presented a greater thermal stability of CO. As for the activity in the WGS reaction of the Pt/Al2O3 catalysts, the reaction frequency (TOF) decreased (0.5 to 0.2 s-1) with increasing platinum content (0.3 to 2% Pt), suggesting that fractions of the active sites under the samples with high platinum content, calculated by FTIR-CO, do not participate in the reaction due to the strong adsorption of CO. The addition of ceria on the Pt/Al2O3 catalysts decreased the number of Pt-Pt coordination and increased Pt-O, indicating a greater stabilization of the nanoparticles (average size ≤ 1nm) and a strong interaction of the Pt particles with CeOx species. However, in spite of the structural changes, there was no change in the surface electronic density of the Pt nanoparticles. The increase in the activity (TOF) of up to 10 times with the cerium content in relation to the non-promoted catalysts suggested that the activity was controlled by sites of Pt-O-Ce interface, which modified the reaction path. The presence of Cl under the promoted samples affected the redox properties of ceria, making it difficult to transfer oxygen and thus to increase the activity. Therefore, it can be affirmed that the structural properties allowed to identify the active sites that determine the catalytic performance in the WGS reaction.
Envolvimento da neurotransmissão nitrérgica no hipocampo dorsal no controle da função cardiovascular e das respostas autônomas e comportamentais ao estresse social crônico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-17)
Almeida, Jeferson de
;
Crestani, Carlos Cesar
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1117432571971568
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141647386370567
The hippocampus is part of the limbic system, and is directly involved in cognitive processes, anxiety-related defensive behaviors, stress responses, and the neurobiology of depression. Some studies have also reported a role of the hippocampus in the control of cardiovascular function. However, the neurochemical mechanisms involved in the control of behavioral responses and cardiovascular function within the hippocampus are still poorly understood. Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from L-arginine by three isoforms of the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which are called neuronal (nNOS), endothelial (eNOS) and inducible (iNOS). Thus, one of the hypotheses investigated in the present study was that alterations in the formation of NO from nNOS into the dorsal hippocampus are involved in the cardiovascular and behavioral changes induced by social isolation. A second hypothesis investigated in the present study was that both nNOS, iNOS and eNOS in the dorsal hippocampus are involved in the control of cardiac responses of the baroreflex. We identified that social isolation increased depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors, and the treatment of the dorsal hippocampus with NPLA (selective nNOS inhibitor) or carboxy-PTIO (NO scavenger) reversed the behavioral effect of depressive type. Social isolation did not alter the blood pressure and heart rate increase and the drop in tail skin temperature evoked by restraint stress. However, treatment of the dorsal hippocampus with NPLA increased restraint-evoked pressor and tachycardic responses and decreased tail temperature in isolated, but not control, animals. Social isolation increased levels of nitrotyrosine in the dorsal hippocampus, and a trend of increased nNOS levels was identified. Regarding the cardiac responses of the baroreflex, we observed that treatment of the dorsal hippocampus with carboxy-PTIO decreased the tachycardia to drop in blood pressure. Microinjection of NPLA increased bradycardia to increase in blood pressure, whereas 1400W (selective iNOS inhibitor) decreased reflex tachycardia and increased reflex bradycardia. In addition, administration of L-NAME (non-selective NOS inhibitor) in animals co-treated with NPLA + 1400W (to inhibit nNOS and iNOS) decreased reflex bradycardia. Based on these results, we conclude that nitrergic neurotransmission in the dorsal hippocampus modulates cardiac responses of the baroreflex, and this control is specific to nNOS, iNOS and eNOS. In addition, social isolation increases the release of NO in the dorsal hippocampus, possibly by increasing nNOS expression, and this effect is related to the anxiogenic- and depressive-like behavioral responses evoked by social isolation. Furthermore, this increase in the local formation of NO from nNOS plays an inhibitory role in the increase of arterial pressure and heart rate, in addition to facilitating the sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction during restraint stress.
Sobre a influência de fosfinas e do ligante isocianida de p-Toluenosulfonilmetila na citotoxicidade de compostos de Ru(II)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-17)
Silveira, Rafael Gomes da
;
Batista, Alzir Azevedo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6469642481998660
;
Moreira, Wania da Conceição
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3016270106775634
The main objective of the present work was to obtain new Ru(II) complexes with lingans diimino, phosphinic and isocyanide p-toluenesulfonylmethyl, to characterize them by diverse physical and spectroscopic techniques, to study the interaction with biomolecules DNA and human serum albumin (HSA), besides to evaluated their cytotoxic properties. In this way, we reported the synthesis of fourteen new complexes and the characterization by elemental analysis, cyclic voltammetry, molar conductance, ultraviolet (UV-vis) spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (31P{1H}, 1H, 13C {1H}, DEPT-135, COSY, HMBC and HSQC) and Single crystal X-ray diffraction, when possible to obtain single crystal. For the complexes containing only diimine and phosphinic ligands, there were important electronic and steric effects caused by -stacking interactions. Such effect lead to a differentiated behavior in the hydrogens of the phosphinic phenyl groups in the NMR experiments, it was also possible to observe the same effect by crystallography of X-rays and by DFT calculations. Studies of interaction of complexes with DNA by viscosity measurements indicate that the compounds interact poorly with this biomolecule. Two compounds with diiminic phosphinic linker and the p-toluenesulfonylmethyl isocyanate ligand were selected for interaction studies with gel electrophoresis DNA and competitive assay with Hoescht 33258, where the results indicates that compounds interacting electrostatically and/or by the minor groove of the DNA. The HSA interaction studies, carried out by fluorimetric titrations, show that both compounds present interaction constants (Kb) on the order of 104-106, indicating moderate to strong interaction with this protein. For all cases, the interaction mechanism is static. Cytotoxicity data in human tumor cell lines A549 (lung) and DU-157 (prostate) and non-tumor MCR-5 (lung), show that the compounds bearing the p-toluenesulfonylmethyl isocyanide ligand are the most promising, showing up to 140 times more active than the reference drug and up to 3 times more selective.
Concepções de professores sobre avaliação: estudo de caso de ensino de língua espanhola no CEL de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-17)
Silveira, Milena Ribeiro
;
Gregolin, Isadora Valencise
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015869228676997
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7187845905795944
The main goal of this survey is to evaluate the concepts of spanish language teachers evaluation from Study Language Center from São Carlos SP and to compare with proposals described in National Curricular Plans (NCP Brazil, 1998 and 2000) and National Curricular Orientations (OCE Brazil, 1998) and try to discuss possible trends in their didactic practice evaluations described in our survey context. By the way, we use as data collection tool an interview with CEL coordinator with the aim of understanding the principle of the pedagogical project of CEL and a questionnaire to Spanish teachers with the main of chart the conceptions and practices evaluated from the group. From the analysis, we try to discuss what are the conceptions about concepts of express evaluation by teachers to base their practices and how these conceptions relate to the guidelines and national curricular orientation. Our theoretical foundation is based on authors who discuss evaluation in the general field of education in the general field of education (LIBÂNEO, 1991, PERRENOUD, 1999; SACRISTÁN, 2000, HOFFMAN, 2002; LUCKESI, 2011) and in the field of applied linguistics (SCARAMUCCI, 2004, LEFFA, 1998, VIEIRA-ABRAÃO, 2012). Keyword: Evaluate, Study Language Center, Spanish Language.
Sustentabilidade nos projetos de curso de formação de professores: um estudo das licenciaturas da UFSCar Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-17)
Carvalho, Laura Leite de
;
Fortunato, Ivan
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8293044394759438
;
Melo, Ismail Barra Nova de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3576937472687059
Since it began activities in 2006, the UFSCar Sorocaba campus has assumed the concept of sustainability as the guiding principle of its development. This position was inserted in the Institutional Development Plan (PDI), a document that guides the functioning of the university. From the PDI, it was verified that the principles of sustainability, from Environmental Education, must be present not only in the physical aspects of the campus, but also in the professional formation of the students, in which each course must work with these principles of some way. In this way, knowing that the courses have a Pedagogical Political Project (PPP), which contains their contents and principles, it was necessary to analyze them to verify if the recommendations of the PDI, regarding Environmental Education, were met. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze the approach of Environmental Education and the presence of the principles of sustainability in the PDI and PPP. In this work, the seven undergraduate courses at UFSCar Sorocaba were analyzed, with the purpose of verifying how the initial formation of campus teachers should deal with issues related to sustainability. The methodology used was documentary research of the eight documents: PDI and PPP of the seven undergraduate courses. The results pointed out that although the PDI presents the principles of Sustainability as guiding the campus, does not deepen these contents and does not present proposals for their implementation. In addition, of the seven undergraduate courses, only three refer to differentiated course formation, focused on sustainability and offer a specific discipline, the other four courses refer to this proposal in a very superficial way and do not offer specific discipline for environmental studies. Thus, it can be seen that the focus for sustainability in all areas of the campus, including vocational training, according to the PDI, is not addressed in the pedagogical projects of all courses, and in some, it is spoken in a shallow way, not making clear, from the analysis of these documents, if UFSCar Sorocaba is fully aligned with the principles of sustainability in the training of its students.
Espanhol para alunos brasileiros: estratégias de aprendizagem sugeridas pelas orientações ao professor do livro didático Cercanía Joven
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-17)
Nordi, Cristiane
;
Gregolin, Isadora Valencise
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015869228676997
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9031749271012154
The general objective of this research was to identify bridges in the guidelines contained in the handbook and in the textbook teacher that analyzed the mother tongue (Portuguese) and the foreign language (Spanish), classify the types of strategies proposed and discuss the indicators which characterize a specific approach to working with languages close to Basic Education. When we take the guidelines to the teacher as an object of analysis, we seek to understand how the Spanish language teaching is characterized or proposed to Brazilian Basic Education students today, starting from the hypothesis that there is some specificity in relation to the other materials existing in the market because it is a textbook approved by the PNLD of 2015 and therefore "comply" with the "official requirements" of what is considered appropriate at the moment, in terms of methodological guidelines. Therefore, we assume that the didactic textbook, the object of our research, because it was written for the Brazilian context of Basic Education, should offer guidance to the teacher (both in the section called the Teacher's Handbook and along the teacher's copy ) that relate the Portuguese language and the Spanish language. More specifically, we seek to identify which learning strategies (OXFORD, 1990; O'MALLEY and CHAMOT, 1990; WENDEN, 1991) that relate Portuguese and Spanish are proposed by orientations to the teacher and to analyze if they characterize a specific approach to Education Basic, based on previous discussions in the relevant literature. In order to do so, we proceed to a qualitative study of the case, which starts with a bibliographical review on the themes of teaching Spanish to Brazilian and nearby languages (ALMEIDA FILHO, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2007, 2012, 2013; GONZÁLEZ 1989, 2008; DURÃO, 1999, 2002, 2004; ERES FERNÁNDEZ, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2017; FANJUL, 2012, 2014, SERRANI-INFANTE, 1998, 2005; CELADA, 2002, ORTIZ ALVAREZ, 2002,2007). As a result, our research has identified that teacher orientation generally emphasizes the use of knowledge-based learning strategies that students already have in their own mother tongue and, less prominently, in the other foreign language taught at school (English) and the Plural Approaches (CUMMINS, 1979, 1983, DOLZ, GAGNON and MOSQUERA, 2009, SIMARD, 1997, CANDELIER, 2007, DEGACHE, 2006, CAROLA and ALBUQUERQUE COSTA, 2014). Among the strategies proposed, the guidelines emphasize the use of cognitive and social strategies, but the compensatory strategy, which helps the student to overcome learning gaps and which is pointed out by the PCNEMs (1999) as the most important to be taught, can be in several of the guidelines throughout the Teacher's Manual.
Uma abordagem baseada em redes neurais artificiais e clusterização para previsão de curto prazo da demanda de energia elétrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-18)
Scremin, Eric Reinoldo
;
Fernandes, Ricardo Augusto Souza
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0880243208789454
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3192696689626429
Electricity plays a crucial role in the development of a country because it directly influences many sectors of the society. In this sense, the demand forecasting is of paramount importance for the maintenance and growth of the electric power systems. Currently, there are different approaches used for such forecasting. In addition, there are many variables that can influence the performance of this process. Among these variables, one can highlight those derived from the climate. Therefore, this work proposes the application of an Artificial Neural Network of Multilayer Perceptron type with Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm, using temperature and demand as input variables. Moreover, another objective of this work is to investigate the relationship between variables, making use of the k-means clustering method on the input data. The results show that this clustering-based approach obtains predictions with low error rates. However, slightly better results were obtained when the data were not clusterized
Abordagem de martingais para análise assintótica do passeio aleatório do elefante
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-20)
Miranda Neto, Milton
;
Gava, Renato Jacob
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0494315910583969
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2915296953908754
In this work we study the elephant random walk introduced in (SCHUTZ; TRIMPER, 2004), a discrete time, non-Markovian stochastic process with unlimited range memory that presents phase transition. Our objective is to proof the almost sure convergence for the subcritical and critical regimes of the model. We also present a demonstration of the Central Limit Theorem for both regimes. For the supercritical regime we proof the convergence of the elephant random walk to a non-normal random variable based on the articles (BAUR; BERTOIN, 2016), (BERCU, 2018) and (COLETTI; GAVA; SCHUTZ, 2017b).
Fisiologia de Chlorella sorokiniana e Ankistrodesmus densus: efeitos e dinâmica de nanopartículas de cobre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-20)
Barreto, Daniela Mariano
;
Tonietto, Alessandra Emanuele
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3056194008699912
;
Lombardi, Ana Teresa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813
The phytoplankton community is composed of microalgae that support food chains in aquatic ecosystems. In these environments they are immersed in a complex matrix of organic and inorganic substances. In some situations, they are still subject to a range of anthropogenic wastes that end up entering aquatic environments, such as nanoparticles (NPs). Due to the unique characteristics of NPs, their use is intense, even if neither use nor disposal is regularized by competent governamental agencies. Toxicological studies on the effect of NPs on phytoplankton have controversial results. The toxicity of NPs is related to their reactivity, which depends on the size of the particles, formation of aggregates, availability of organic matter, among other factors. In this study, we first sought to understand the dynamics of NPs in algal cultures and followed investigating on the physiological effects of copper NPs (NPs-Cu) on two freshwater Chlorophyta (Chlorella sorokiniana and Ankistrodesmus densus) exposed to nominal NPs-Cu concentrations estimated for the environment (0.57 to 12.70 μg L-1) and above these (up to 635.0 μg L-1). We analyzed parameters related to growth, photosynthesis and intracellular biomolecules under controlled laboratory conditions at 72 h cultures. The results showed that the population growth rate was affected in both microalgae species. The intensity of the photosynthetic processes varied according to the microalgae, with C. sorokiniana being more resistant than A. densus that presented reductions in photosystem II quantum yield, electron transport rates and consequentely in the estimated gross primary productivity. The biochemical composition (proteins, carbohydrates and lipids) was affected in the presence of NPs-Cu in both microalgae, but at environmentally relevant concentrations of NPs-Cu only carbohydrates were affected. Protein synthesis was stimulated at the higher end of the NPs-Cu concentration range, suggesting the production of antioxidant proteins associated with cell detoxification. This study is a contribution to the knowledge of the toxicology of NPs to freshwater microalgae and their possible consequence in natural environment.
Impactos econômicos globais da redução das emissões de gases de efeito estufa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-20)
Silvestrini, Murilo Mazzotti
;
Gomes, Alexandre Lopes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5002157193962189
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8183879774699219
The purpose of this work is to simulate reductions in global greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) to analyze the behavior of emissions and gross production value (GVP) of 40 countries considering the global emission mitigation target, identifying those that present greater economic impact. The methodology of this work is based on the use of Linear Programming and Input-Output in the Multi Regional matrix with GHG emissions, and the data used are from the WIOD tables which represents 40 countries composed by 35 sectors for the year 2009. Three different scenarios were modeled: the pessimistic scenario, the moderate scenario and the optimistic scenario, with reduction of 10%, 30% and 50% of the global GHG emissions, respectively. The results showed the greatest emission reductions in China, India, Russia and Brazil, which also showed the greatest decrease in VBP. The United States and Japan, despite of presenting a high percentage of emission reductions, especially in the optimistic scenario, had a lower economic impact due to their economic structure. European countries, such as Germany, the United Kingdom and France, showed little reduction in emissions and VBP. Furthermore, the scenarios modified the overall composition of emissions and VBP, with the share of GHG emissions increasing in European countries, in addition to the increase of their participation in global VBP. The conclusion is that the reduction of emissions in the face of a global GHG mitigation goal is greater in the most emission-intensive countries, causing the greatest economic impact, mainly due to the production structure of the economic sectors based on higher emission technologies.