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Efeito do nocaute da mitofusina 2 sobre a mitocôndria, o retículo endoplasmático e a mitofagia em oócitos murinos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-24) Garcia, Bruna Martins; Chiaratti, Marcos Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0392078007500289; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9031423111550128
Mitofusins 1 (MFN1) and 2 (MFN2) are transmembrane GTPases present in the outer mitochondrial membrane and involved in the regulation of mitochondrial fusion. Since MFN2 is also present in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), it is also responsible for regulating the morphology and its interaction with the mitochondria. Thus, there is increasing evidence that MFN2 plays a key role in the regulation of mitochondrial function and ER, as well as the autophagic pathway. However, little is known about its role in the oocyte. Recently, we have observed that the conditional knockout of Mfn2 in murine oocytes (Mfn2-null) does not significantly alter fertility, but results in hyperglycemia in the offspring. Therefore, the objective of this work was to investigate the molecular mechanisms that result in these phenotypes. The effects of the conditional knockout of Mfn2 on the oocyte were evaluated considering the function of mitochondria, RE and the occurrence of mitofagia. For this, we first confirmed the effects of the conditional knockout of Mfn2. Knockout oocytes for Mfn2 were able to develop normally when matured in vitro. Pups from knockout oocytes showed alterations in blood glucose levels in the tests of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance when compared to wild-type oocyte (WT) pups. In addition, we found alterations in mitochondria of oocyte knockout regarding number (WT = 0.061 ± 0.004 and Mfn2-null = 0.037 ± 0.003 organelle / μm2), crests morphology, area (WT = 0.589 ± 0.015 and Mfn2-null = 1.673 ± 0.101 μm2) and contact with RE. However, Mfn2 knockout resulted in decreased lipid content in ovulated oocytes (WT = 13.07 ± 0.96 and Mfn2-null = 9.65 ± 0.64 % of lipid-occupied area of ooplasm). In addition, no evidence was found at the transcriptional level of ER stress. As regards mitophagy, no knockout effect of Mfn2 was observed on the expression of genes involved in this pathway, as well as on co-localization between mitochondria and autophagosomes (WT = 0.65 ± 0.05 and Mfn2-null = 0.53 ± 0.04 AU). Thus, these findings demonstrate that conditional knockout of Mfn2 in the oocyte results in metabolic changes in offspring, most likely due to changes in morphology, function and contact between mitochondria and ER. However, the molecular mechanism by which this occurs still lacks elucidation. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that conditional knockout of Mfn2 can be a good model for the study of the inheritance of metabolic syndromes.
As chaves do Inferno: as múltiplas linguagens em Sandman, de Neil Gaiman
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-24) Cunha, Ana Carolina Moscardini; Rossi, Aparecido Donizete; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0428069285054155; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0296841975830088
The present research presents how the multiple languages that are part of Sandman, by Neil Gaiman, simultaneously construct and reconstruct his work, showing how the gathering of visual and textual is intrinsically interconnected. From the study of ideas and writings by authors like Julia Kristeva, Mikhail Bakhtin, Graham Allem, Claus Clüver, Leo Hoek, Edgar Guimarães, Will Eisner, Scott McCloud, Giulio Argan and Heinrich Wöfflin it will be possible to trace and analyze the performance of the Arts presented in Sandman. This dissertation was divided in three chapters and the content of which one is as follows: in the first chapter there is a presentation of the plot of Sandman, in addition to a survey of the languages present in the work of Neil Gaiman; in the second chapter there is a study of critical fortune related to intertextuality and interdiscursivity. The third chapter will aim to recover what was presented in the first two and from the discussions contained in the previous chapters, to analyze how the multiplicity of languages is constructed. At the end of the third chapter, the final considerations of the dissertation will be presented.
Proposição de melhorias do processo de compras em departamentos acadêmicos da Universidade Federal de São Carlos através da gestão por processos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-24) Ferro, Samira Cecilia Custodio; Pereira, Neocles Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3744216524256924; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9146124846183988
The Purchasing Management plays an increasingly important role at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), once the responsible team, which also includes the Purchasing Department, works in an integrated way to enable the purchase of a wide variety of necessary items to meet the demands of both administrative areas and the three major pillars of the organization: teaching, research and extension, applied in all existing areas of knowledge at university. However, by being a complex organization, the procedures are changed constantly in order to attend random factors such as new legislation or new technologies leading to a great effort to adjust the government employee of the Academic Departments to this new reality. Thus, the main aim of the is to analyze and propose improvements (stated in the employees’ interview of the academic departments) that can be effectively applied to the UFSCar’s purchasing process. In order to reach this aim were used tools regarding the process management. A qualitative research was conducted by applying case studies as research method besides collecting data from sources as legislation, papers and books, interviews were carried out with selected employees to understand their routine and purchase method process in their respective areas. The areas for the research were chosen according to a non-proportional stratified sample of academic departments of the Center of Exact Sciences and Technology of the UFSCar. Through the mapping analysis of current status purchasing processes and its description, twelve possible improvements were identified among others like stock items management and “price registration minutes”. As a result, instruments and procedures with it consequent adjustments of the mapping macro process flowchart were created. The proposes resulted in, among which, a new future scenario, a practical guide to check the Federal Government Price Panel and suggestions regarding the new functionalities to Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), which has been developed and used by UFSCar.
Oxilipinas no estudo da biodiversidade de microalgas de água doce
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-24) Moreira, Ingritt Caroline; Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5616615150766784
This research focuses on the oxylipins with eighteen carbons, compound derived of polyunsaturated fatty acids, produced by twenty-two species of freshwater algae, one cyanobacteria and three species of plants, with emphasis on green microalgae from the Chlorophyta and Charophyta phylum, and also species of the Selenastraceae family (Chlorophyta, Chlorophyceae, Sphaeropleales). The aim was detected, identified and quantified oxylipins derived from linoleic and linolenic acids produced by microorganisms using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled tandem Mass Spectrometry technique. It was used microalgae from the Culture Collection of Freshwater Microalgae (CCMA-UFSCar), species already classified by classic and / or molecular taxonomy, as well as the species of plants for comparative purposes. For the experiments, the material came from the end of stationary phase. Once the compounds were identified by these techniques, it was tested the possibility of using profiles as diacritical characteristics in a chemotaxonomic approach for formation of hierarchical clusters. The pharmacological potential of these compounds was discussed since they present antibiotic and anti-inflammatory activities. Other possible commercial applications were approached since microalgae revealed their potential value as natural sources of hydroxy fatty acids. No oxylipin was exclusively observed to determinated organism that could represents as species indicator. This condition limits the use of oxylipins derived from C18 PUFAs in the taxonomy of the Selenastraceae family, but even so, these compounds provide complementary information for organisms that may be useful in their identification. There was universality regarding the presence of oxylipins analysed in all the taxonomic groups studied. The strains belonging to Chlorophyta division showed the highest total concentrations of oxylipins. Charophyta algae have a concentration of oxylipins dozens of times lower than Chlorophyta, and similar to concentrations found in plants, which may be related to the evolutionary proximity among plants and Charophyta.
Graftização de polipropileno-G-anidrido maleico sobre microesferas ocas de vidro por extrusão reativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-24) Baptista, Carlos André; Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5984981761972134
Using a maleic grafted polypropylene copolymer as a compatibilizing agent on a composite with hollow glass microspheres HGM is one way to reduce the mechanical properties decrement associated to the round, hollow, hydrophilic spheres. In this work, the esterification reaction between the PP-g-MAH and hollow glass microspheres was studied, both being present in a polypropylene/hollow glass microsphere composite and have been made by reactive extrusion. The aim of this work is to quantify the yield and efficiency of this reaction and to understand the influence of temperature over these. Results show that both parameters are dependent on both the initial content of PP-g-MAH on the extruder and temperature, and that both increase with increasing the initial content, but decrease with increasing temperature, having the lower temperature the highest yield. A model was created to calculate the maximum content of material possible to graft over the microspheres, and good correlation to experimental data was found. The efficiency was low for all studied conditions, and suggestions on how to improve it were made. It was also possible to observe through SEM the differences between the interface of samples with different reaction yields, also observing the formation of an organic layer over such spheres, confirming the grafting of polypropylene.
"O futuro não é mais como era antigamente": o rock nacional e o ensino de História.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-24) Xavier, Fábio Chilles; Fernandes, Hylio Laganá; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1315602045624096; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3651781426442610
This work is an action research that sought identify possible contributions of national rock music of teaching History from the work as a teacher in a private school in region of Itapetininga. Music was understood here, on one hand as a product of the cultural industry, from the Adornian perspective; and on the other hand as an important object of cultural mediation linked to socio-interactionist conceptions of Lev Vygotsky. Thus, having main objetive the possibility of use sophistication concepts such as "conscience" and "historical empathy", addressed by John Rüsen and Peter Lee at History tutorship. We sought to analyze the contributions of a didactic sequence developed with students of the first and second year of high school, on the contents "Invasion and Colonization of Brazil" and "Industrial Revolution", having as support the songs "Índios", "Fábrica" and "Captain of Industry"; of bands Legião Urbana and Os Paralamas do Sucesso. Among the results obtained, based on the analyzes by students during the process was possible conclude that work carried out provided for mental formulations among these students who showed involvement with historical agents of other temporalities and relevant conceptual appropriations of historical themes and having music as one of the learning axes. In general, spontaneous concepts were with the aid of the songs transformed into scientific concepts.
Catalisadores a base de Pt suportados em matrizes mesoporosas de carbono visando a reação de eletrooxidação de glicerol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-08-24) Andrade, Renato Nunes de; Sitta, Elton; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326476348284298; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933821460129238
This work aimed the synthesis, characterization and electrochemical tests of Pt and Pt-Sb nanoparticle catalysts onto mesoporous carbon applied to glycerol electrooxidation reaction. Specifically, the carbon matrixes were synthetized from Si templates with distinct geometries, giving CMK-3 and CMK-5 3D structures. These structures were treated in O2-free atmospheres at 1173 K for 5 h and after the removal of Si with HF solution (as confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis), the mesoporous structures were attested by Small Angle X-Ray diffraction and a 4.8 and 5.3 nm porous diameters were estimated by nitrogen adsorption isotherms to the CMK-3 and CMK-5 structures, respectively. Pt nanoparticles synthesis onto carbon structures (Pt/C) were performed by direct reduction of chloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6) with formic acid giving particles with 4.5 nm mean diameters as reveled by transmission electron microscopy. Finally, Pt-Sb/C catalysts were produced by irreversible Sb2O3 adsorption. Pt/C catalysts showed voltammetric profiles consistent with metallic Pt in 0.5 mol L-1 H2SO4 solutions, certifying the synthesis success. In the presence of glycerol, it was observed that the activity to the oxidation happens at potential higher than 0.8 V regardless the carbon support; on the other hand, Pt-Sb/C shifted the reaction onset in ca -0.3 V and maintained this activity under fixed potential (0.5 V). Pt-Sb/CMK-3 depicted the best activity among the synthetized catalysts, providing currents 1.6 and 2.0 times bigger than those in Pt-Sb/CMK-5 and Pt-Sb/Vulcan, respectively.