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Análise do comportamento e planejamento cultural: utopia ou distopia?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-24)
Rocha, César Antonio Alves da
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Laurenti, Carolina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0100195996020169
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Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187
The notion of science has undergone continuous transformations throughout history, from the Aristotelian conception of contemplative knowledge to the modern ideal of operative knowledge. The modern perspective on science as knowledge was received with antagonistic expectations in the philosophical sphere. On one hand, what is identified as a Promethean narrative highlights the potentiality of science as a means for the emancipation of humanity and the catalyzing of human progress; on the other, the Faustian narrative represents opposing expectations, alerting to the hazards involved in the employment of science and its by-products to the domain of the natural world. Taken to the extreme, these two tendencies symbolize what, in the literary context, can be identified as the established antithesis between utopia and dystopia. In principle applicable to science in general, this oppositional duality is paralleled in the manner in which the ideas of B. F. Skinner, theoretician of behavioral analysis and proponent of the notion of cultural design, were received. Seen with enthusiasm by some and suspicion by others, Skinner's ideas about the science of behavior in general and the management of life in society in particular have been the subject of controversies still unresolved today. This work aimed at a detailed examination of the affinities of the Skinnerian proposition of cultural planning with the notions of utopia and dystopia, with special attention to possible relations with the second notion, in order to answer the question presented in the title: would cultural design implie utopia or dystopia? As an analytical strategy, the Prometheus-Faustian duality was used as a key to read and examine the Skinnerian text, chapter by chapter, in search of inclinations for each of these tendencies. The path pursuited initially involved an analysis of the Skinnerian view on science, technology and behavioral control; then the target was the theoretical formulation of cultural design; later, it was investigated how the proposition was illustrated by the author in its fictional work, Walden Two; finally, starting from a panorama on the genesis and development of the notions of utopia and dystopia, affinities were probed between the proposal of cultural design and these two notions. The results reveal that it is possible to identify inclinations both to the notion of utopia and to the notion of dystopia, and that the complexity of Skinnerian thought prevents an unequivocal answer to the title question. This result led to a conclusion that proposes a re-reading about the proposal of cultural design that relativizes and conceives it outside the dyad utopia-dystopia. The thesis advanced in this work proposes a parsimonious perspective, which updates the proposition of cultural design in light of contextualist and pluralistic objections, preserving its most auspicious factors, such as the experimentalist attitude, and abandoning its anachronistic traits, such as the technocratic platform. Thus, the proposal of cultural design is conceived as a gradualist effort to test contingency arrangements alternative to those institutional arrangements then in development, focusing on small-scale reforms that prioritize, as far as possible, the controlo of people by people, not as means for radical transformations or the establishment of utopian scenarios.
Mapeamento do processo de nucleação e crescimento do peptídeo beta amilóide pelo complexo luminescente cis-[Ru(phen)2(Apy)2]2+
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-24)
Cali, Mariana Pigozzi
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Carlos, Rose Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1589143355309943
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7379451505839507
Amyloid beta (Ab) is a peptide fragment highly prone to aggregation that deposits in the extracellular medium and is directly associated with the development and progression of a number of nervous system diseases, in particular, Alzheimer's disease (AD). With this in mind, the objective of this work is to obtain a luminescent Ru(II) complex capable of mapping in real time the aggregation process of the amyloid beta peptide through light stimulus. The cis-[Ru(phen)2(Apy)2]2+ complex was synthesized for this purpose. The complex showed an intense and wide absorption band covering the region 350 to 600 nm with a maximum of 450 nm (molar absortivity = 9800 mol-1.L .cm-1) and broad emission with maximum at 655 nm, exhibiting a Stokes shift in the order of 4800 cm-1 and phosphorescence lifetime of 129 ns. The interaction of the complex with the Aβ1-40 peptide was analyzed by the luminescent responses of the complex throughout the course of aggregation. Interaction studies through changes in luminescence intensity were conducted. Luminescent images and changes in luminescence lifetimes during the aggregation process were obtained by confocal microscopy using the FLIM technique (Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging). The complex proved to be a good marker for the Ab peptide aggregation process. With the fluorescence lifetimes obtained from the luminescent images, it was possible to evaluate the interaction between the complex and Ab1-40. Ab1-40 images, with samples being prepared without the complex, have an average bi exponential lifetime of 3.5 ns. On the other hand, the images of the complex Ab1-40 have an average tri exponential lifetime of 4.8 ns, with a significant contribution of a third long lifetime of around 7 ns. Once the interaction between the complex and Ab1-40 was confirmed, the possible sites of interaction were investigated. Three fragments of the peptide were studied: Ab1-28, Ab11-22 and Ab29-40. The images of FLIM without and with complex proved to be quite different, as well as their lifetimes. After determining the interaction of the complex with the peptide, the ability of the complex to influence the peptide aggregation process was investigated. Studies of circular dichroism at different stages of aggregation showed a significant difference in the ellipticity of the beta-sheet signals formed throughout the aggregation, suggesting a possible inhibitory effect by the complex. Studies with transmission electron microscopy were also performed with the fragments Ab1-40, Ab1-28, Ab11-22 and Ab29-40. Studies with Ab1-40 in the 1:5 complex:amyloid ratio did not show significant change over the control group. On the other hand, studies in the 1:1 complex:amyloid ratio show smaller aggregates, again highlighting the possibility of an inhibitory effect of aggregation.
Comportamento informacional e mineração textual no Twitter
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-24)
Pinto, Guilherme Franco Silva
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Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1848085408867454
This work aims to explore the information behavior of social media users, on Twitter specifically, at the moment they are searching and sharing information on Copyright Laws and its related subjects. Taking in consideration the social, cultural and economic changes that social media has made possible, this project will explore how the adapted Copyright Laws to digital platforms affect the usability of these platforms, and how its users seek information related to those adaptations. The Twitter API was used to collect the posts (tweets) made on the platform that are about Copyright and its related subjects, such as open licenses, Creative Commons, public domain, etc. Then, using Text Mining analysis in the statistical computing environment R, it was possible to assess and relate the terms and words used on these posts with the most common doubts and questions regarding Copyright. Finally, in this data it was possible to identify instances of information behavior of Twitter users during their interactions with each other and the information available on Twitter.
Modificação química de poli(ácido láctico) com monômeros vinílicos, por processamento reativo, visando ajuste molecular e sua utilização em blendas poliméricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-24)
Rigolin, Talita Rocha
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Costa, Lidiane Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8246109223926480
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Bettini, Sílvia Helena Prado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3687551763124327
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was modified with maleic anhydride (MA) or glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) in the presence of peroxide to assess the physical and chemical changes of the polymer during the reactive processing. Chemical modification of polymers with vinyl monomers can be seen as a great scientific challenge in order to obtain a material with adjustable physical and chemical properties due to changes in acidity, functionality and molar mass. The type of vinyl monomer (GMA and MA), peroxide (dicumyl peroxide and 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di- (t-butylperoxy) hexane), pure or dispersed in CaCO3, and the monomer and peroxide concentration used were evaluated through an experimental design. Molar mass and acidity content were analyzed. Maleic anhydride grafting onto poly(lactic acid) (PLA) showed a decrease in the polymer molar mass and an increase in the acid content. However, when GMA is used in the functionalization of PLA, an increase in molar mass is observed with reduction of acidity of the polymer. PLA/PBAT blends were obtained in order to evaluate the efficacy of the chemical modification and the feasibility of the applied use of the modified PLA, either as the compatibilizer for the blend or as the matrix, depending on its molar mass and acidity content, in addition to in situ compatibilization with the different monomers. Oscillatory shear rheological tests and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to evaluate how the different modified polymers performed in the morphology development and rheological properties of these blends. The morphology obtained was predominantly co-continuous and the viscosity ratio between the components predominated over a possible reduction of interfacial tension with the introduction of the vinyl monomers in the system. Results also showed that similar morphologies can be formed with the use of both monomers, GMA and MA, and that the procurement methodology of the blends can be adapted for the different monomers.
Ligação entre as propriedades estruturais, ópticas, eletrônicas e atividade fotocatalítica de Ag3PO4:Mo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-25)
Trench, Aline Barrios
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Longo, Elson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5844795823690460
Silver phosphate (Ag3PO4) has received considerable attention from the scientific community due to photocatalytic and photoluminescent properties. However, some alternatives were sought to improve the performance of these properties by material modification, metal deposition, doping cation or anion or coupling with another semiconductor. In this sense, the objective of this study was the evaluation of the semiconductor Ag3(P1-xMox)O4 where Mo6+ was inserted in the crystalline structure in the form of doping. This process consists in the insertion of impurities in the structure of the solid at specific positions of the crystalline reticulum replacing the original structural units. It was also the objective of this study to synthesize the desired materials by chemical precipitation in aqueous medium and to relate the influence of the dopant on the structural, morphological, photoluminescent and photocatalytic properties together with theoretical calculations. The characterization of the samples was made by X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), microscopy transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and theoretical calculations based on the Density Functional Theory. Photocatalytic tests were done for degradation of Rhodamine B under visible light irradiation. The samples with doping less than 2% did not present a second phase, demonstrating an effective doping, and changes in photoluminescence and band gap values showed that doping caused defects in the structure of the material, and these defects contributed to the photocatalytic improvement of the doped materials in comparison with pure material, the material being doped with 0.5% of Mo, which presented better results for degradation of Rhodamine B.
Efeito do treinamento de força realizado com duração de repetição controlada e auto-selecionada na força e massa muscular de homens jovens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-25)
Chaves, Talisson Santos
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Libardi, Cleiton Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8953409094842074
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8763654450242923
The aim of the study was to compare the effect of RD SELF, with and without total training volume equalized with RD CON, on muscle strength and hypertrophy. Twenty healthy untrained university students were recruited for this study. An intra-subject design was used in which the each participant’s leg was allocated in a randomized and balanced way: (1) Control RD (CON); (2) Self-selected RD with equalized volume (SELF-EV); Self-selected RD without equalized volume (SELF). All RT protocols were performed unilaterally using a conventional leg-extension machine, twice a week for 8 weeks. For the SELF and CON protocols, the participants performed 3 sets for muscle failure at 70% 1-RM, and 2 minutes rest period was granted between sets for both protocols. During SELF-EV, the same intensity and between-sets rest intervals were utilized, however, the number of sets varied (2-3 sets) due to TTV equalization with the CON group. Significant differences were found for TTV between protocols over 8 weeks (P = 0.0009), with SELF resulting in higher TTV compared to CON and SELF-EV. However, all training protocols showed significant increases in strength (P <0.0001) and muscle AST (P <0.0001), with no significant differences between groups (P> 0.05). In conclusion, resistance training with SELF RD, regardless of VTT, was equally effective in inducing increases in strength gains and muscle hypertrophy compared to RD controlled.
Sobrecarga dos cuidadores de crianças que necessitam de atenção especial à saúde: influência das demandas de cuidado e das práticas de atenção à saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-25)
Ferreira, Fernanda Yeza
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Okido, Aline Cristiane Cavicchioli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4358128584478380
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4569284221808812
Objective: to explore the influence of care demands of children who need special attention to health and health care practices in the physical, emotional and social burden of caregivers. Method: observational, analytical, transversal design of a quantitative approach. 100 caregivers participated in the study, who answered the following research instruments: characterization tool; Burden Interview Scale for Informal Caregivers; Perception of Family-Centered Care- country version; Evaluation Instrument for Primary Health Care - Child Version. For statistical analysis, the Fisher's exact test, Spearman's correlation and univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis were used. Results: the majority of caregivers (57%) had moderate to severe overload. The mean score of physical, social and emotional overload was 47.99. Caregivers of children who require mixed care presented a 262.2 times greater chance of overload than caregivers of children who demand medication care. The domains of collaboration and support of the Family Centered Care Perception Scale - parents version, presented as factors associated with overload (p <0.05). In the multivariate linear regression model, the "longitudinality" variable maintained a significant relationship with the physical, social and emotional overload score of the caregivers of children who need special attention to health (p = 0.023). Conclusions: when recognizing the influence of care demands and health care practices on the caregivers' overload, the health professional can implement care strategies in order to reduce the burden and, consequently, increase the quality of care offered to these clients
Sigilo - múltiplas dimensões: ação dos agentes, formas de entendimento e dinâmica organizacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-25)
Busnelo, Homero Cremm
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Donadone, Julio César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643906508178259
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Paulillo, Luiz Fernando de Oriani e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9919942357089937
The study of the secrecy of information in organizations involves the understanding of agents actions and the existence of an institutional support of processes with direct or indirect reflexes in the business of organizations. This work is a multiple case study with application of a survey questionnaire that analyzed three large multinational companies present in Brazil. The main objective of the study was to bring the surface of the actors' visions about the secrecy of information in three hierarchical levels: top executive, manager and supervision. The study also compares these visions at the same levels between the organizations surveyed and in the interrelations with institutions, with the market and under the influence of the nexus of contracts and their objective and subjective boundaries. The existing theoretical basis on secrecy is fragmented in different areas such as sociological, economic, legal, management and even historical. This study proposes a circle of interactions that exist in the treatment of secrecy in different social spaces such as private or public organizations, military, secret societies and academics. The visions of the studied actors are broad in the micro environments of their organizations and some participation in the macro environment when external contacts occur and their risks, impacts and consequences. In the end, the study concludes on the visions found in the different areas where secrecy is treated as an important asset and forms of disclosure when applicable or in the existence or absence of mitigation actions in case of leaks.
Materiais mesoposoros e suas membranas na remoção de corantes orgânicos provenientes da indústria textil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-25)
Dorst, Diane Damaris
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Paranhos, Caio Marcio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793686262868668
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8053761345882970
Industrialization has led to a considerable increase in the number of pollutants. The main industrial companies that generate organic pollutants are the textile industries, which consume a significant volume of water that is colored in the dyeing process due to the presence of dyes that are not fixed in the fiber. Tanneries also generate large amounts of effluents, with high amounts of toxic products such as chromium. Therefore, there is interest in developing an environmental risk mitigation remediation system. In this work, the mesoporous material MCM-41 of the M41S family, and the functionalized mesoporous material MCM-41-NH2, were synthesized, by the post-grafting method, as well as the preparation of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). The adsorption capacities of mesoporous materials were evaluated in the removal of remazol red and bright blue remazol dyes, as well as the possibility of using the membranes produced in the struggle of these dyes. The mesopores were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR); Solid Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of 13C and 29Si (NMR); chemical adsorption/desorption of nitrogen; Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM); Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The adsorption quantification of the remazol red and bright blue remazol dye was performed by Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-vis) taking into account the initial adsorption variables, pH, amount of adsorbent, time and functionalization together. The quantification of chromium adsorption (Cr III) was performed by Nuclear Magnetic Tesonance in the Time Domain (NMR-DT). Dye removal indicators using mesoporous materials have a higher efficiency for MCM-41-NH2 at low dye concentration, low pH and a high amount of adsorbent. It was more than 87% adsorption to the remazol red dye and more than 99% adsorption to the bright blue remazol dye. The previous results on the removal of Cr (III) using MCM-41-NH2 were shown to have more than 75% adsorption. The membranes of PEI and MMMs of PEI/MCM-41-NH2 were characterized by FTIR; TGA; Exploratory Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Water Vapor Transport (WVT) and permeation properties were also analyzed. It has also been observed, that the membranes have a barrier characteristic for the dyes.
Concretos refratários fosfatados para refino de petróleo: caracterização, propriedades e adequação ao uso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-26)
Gomes, Daniel Telhado
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Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5134702097016780
The increasing demand for petroleum experienced in the last decades has pushed the barrel price to a level never seen before, stimulating a race for rising production volumes and taking us to even deeper waters. On a similar move, the refining industry has adapted itself and optimized its processes, resulting in higher unit operational availability. During this period, one of the initiatives explored to reduce maintenance downtime was the increment of phosphate-bonded refractories installation, replacing the cement based castables. In addition of satisfactory thermo-mechanical properties up to 1,500 °C, these products allow high heating rates after curing without explosion risk and chemical adhesion on pre-fired refractory linings, speeding up equipment’s repair. Despite the advantages, the shortage production of these materials in Brazil required its importation, turning costs 5–15 times higher than those for conventional castables. Prospecting potential new suppliers, this work characterized imported and previously qualified phosphate-bonded products, comparing them with those newly developed by national manufacturers, aiming to evaluate the performance and suitability for using these formulations. The results showed that in many aspects the national materials overcame the previously qualified references, being viable options for using in oil refineries. On the other hand, it was also observed the need of improvement and adjustments, motivating the development of a second generation of phosphate-bonded castable refractories in Brazil. Based on the obtained results, requirements were also proposed for materials specification.
Aconselhamento em planejamento reprodutivo de mulheres em condições de vulnerabilidade, segundo a percepção dos profissionais da estratégia saúde da família
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-26)
Lujan, Luciana Francisco
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Callegari, Fernanda Vieira Rodovalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6123189460389930
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Carbol, Maristela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9852217198710064
The reprodutive planning is a thematic widely discussed in the health political programs of Brazil. For substantiate itself in prevention actions, promotion, information and health education, pertains respect especially to basic attention. Recognizing to special protection women in greater vulnerability situation, includes in the health professionals actions, the counseling as a caution integrated space. As a social assistent from the Support Core to Family Health (NASF) and integral member of the technical sterilization from São Carlos/SP Municipal Secretary of Health, I could watch the actions of health professionals from AB (basic attention) envolved in the reprodutive planning. This research was delineated from this experiences with the goal of analyzing the reprodutive planning counseling of women in vulnerability conditions in the Families Health Unities (USF), according to the doctors and nurses perception. Treat a descriptive exploratory study of qualitative approach. The integrants were doctors and nurses from São Carlos/SP USP. The data collect ocurred on the first period of march until june 2017, by means of semi-structured open interview. From the collected material, of accomplished deductions and theoretical referential perspective, accomplished the analysis by thematic categories. From the 26 participants, checked that 42% hat between 38 and 47 years old, being the most of female sex and with performance in USF above of five years. With the interviewed stories it was possible to verify that exists a singular and complex relationship in the reprodutive planning counseling of women in vulnerability conditions, evidencing two analytical categories: triggering factors of vulnerability and reprodutive planning counseling and the vulnerability particularities. The interviewed by recognizing factors that produces vulnerability and that influences the health-sickness process, pointed being indispensable an extended look in reprodutive planning counseling of this women to produce a more effective health care. Through the organization process of work is possible to consolidate the reprodutive planning counseling as a production space of new practices and development of new technologies at woman health area. Conclued that the doctors and nurses from Family Health Strategy (ESF) identified women in vulnerability conditions that experience uneven way and in disadvantage in socioeconomic, cultural historic and political factors. To perform the reprodutive planning, the professionals have used management devices and arrangements of care and extended clinic.
Hidrogéis Nanocompósitos Termossensíveis aplicados no crescimento de Células–tronco Mesenquimais e Condrócitos para a engenharia tecidual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-27)
Sala, Renata Lang
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Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7720754304065239
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6166389335515623
Injectable biomaterials have gained prominence in tissue engineering since they present a minimal invasive option for therapeutic delivery. However, longer gelation time, instability of physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity and scarce in vitro and in vivo studies limited these biomaterials for clinical practice. In this study, it was proposed the in situ synthesis of nanocomposites based on the thermosensitive polymer poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) as potential injectable biomaterials for cartilage tissue engineering due to their biocompatibility and ability to gel at physiological temperature. The combination of PNVCL with poly(vinyl acetate) and modified mesoporous silica nanofibers (SiO2-MPS) enabled obtaining thermosensitive nanocomposites with a diffuse phase transition below the room temperature, suitable for application as injectable biomaterials. In addition, the materials exhibited higher rheological properties in the presence of SiO2-MPS and PVAc, and dependent on the concentration of the hydrogels and the temperature, which resulted in an interconnected structure formed between the polymer chains covalently bonded to SiO2-MPS. The evaluation of the biological activity of the materials demonstrated that they were biocompatible with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and chondrocytes (CDs). Additionally, hydrogels of PNVCL and PNVCL with 1 % of SiO2-MPS maintained the chondrocytes phenotype, induced chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs and secreted neocartilage components. Therefore, these studies demonstrate the distinct properties that nanocomposites based on thermosensitive polymers can perform, expanding their perspectives of application, especially as injectable biomaterials in tissue engineering.
Protocolo para selecionar alternativas de produtos para instalações provisórias de canteiro de obras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-27)
Zeule, Ludimilla de Oliveira
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Teixeira, José Manuel Cardoso
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Serra, Sheyla Mara Baptista
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8528385567782505
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8161393701431874
Sustainability is a topic widely addressed in the various sectors of civil construction. In the building sector, sustainable practices have been gaining great interest both in the field of research and development of new technologies aimed at products, and in practical applications at construction sites. The performance of the Provisional Construction Site Installations (IPC) is a current and important topic, since most works are not concerned with the proper selection of materials for these facilities, compromising their safe and functional use, in addition to great losses to the users of these constructions, which are temporary, but house workers for nine or more hours of workday. Traditionally, civil construction has problems with decision-making processes, especially with regard to the lack of criteria for selecting materials. Thus, this study proposes the use of a decision-making method - Choosing by Advantage (CBA) to select product alternatives that impact less from the point of view of sustainability. As an analysis, a widely used component was adopted, which are lightweight roofs (with five different tiles) and modular container systems (with three different options) used as IPC. The method of this research proposes the design of a simplified protocol to be followed in order to obtain an analysis on the best type of tile and containers among those analyzed, according to the parameters identified as necessary to be used in the temporary installations of construction sites. This research assesses the applicability of the Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methodology in helping construction site planning and design teams to choose more sustainable alternatives to IPC. Therefore, the CBA decision-making method has demonstrated that it meets the sustainability aspects and facilitates the comparison of alternatives according to the factors chosen. In general, it is expected that this work will collaborate to expand knowledge about decision-making methods in the construction sector, also helping to disseminate sustainability according to a systemic view and based on technical information.
Internalização dos conceitos da ISO 14.001 em Cooperativa de Catadores. o caso da cooperativa de Rio Claro/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-27)
Lima, Valdemir dos Santos de
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Cordeiro, João Sergio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2572864522562875
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0057420416096868
The strong production of solid waste in contemporary urban society has demonstrated the importance and necessity of establishing strategies aimed at the management and management of these wastes in Brazilian cities, especially the promotion of sustainable practices in the social, economic and environmental spheres. The promotion of selective collection programs is one of the most important strategies to minimize the negative environmental impacts of solid waste generation. In this sense, one of the actions developed by the municipality of Rio Claro/SP was the institution of COOPERVIVA - Work Cooperative of Waste Pickers of Rio Claro/SP. The objective of this cooperative is to: collect, triage store and market the recyclable materials coming from the selective collection made. The present research made it possible to verify the activities developed by the enterprise in three aspects: a) social inclusion, through the insertion of waste pickers from the former controlled landfill; b) the generation of work and income, through the commercialization of recyclable materials; c) increase the useful life of the Landfill and the correct disposal of recyclable materials. However, the managerial processes of such organizations demonstrate weaknesses in daily practices, as well as issues related to the organization's environmental management. Thus, considering these aspects, the study involved the implementation of ISO 14.001 precepts in cooperatives or associations of collectors, with COOPERVIVA as its main object. The research aimed at improving the physical and structural conditions of the organization, especially of the individuals belonging to the cooperative, in order to improve the work done by the collectors and to mitigate possible environmental impacts, guided by the National Solid Waste Policy (Law 12,305 / 2010).
Desenvolvimento e aplicação de métodos analíticos verdes para a extração de flavonoides a partir de resíduos de Passiflora edulis sims f. Flavicarpa Deg.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-27)
Lopes, Ana Paula
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Zuin, Vânia Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5265150425993880
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7037923189169470
The concepts developed in this dissertation were guided by biorefinery assumptions, in which residues such as food peels can be enriched. In this sense, this research had as its main objective to develop, validate and apply green methods for the extraction of flavonoids from the peel of Passiflora edulis Sims (yellow passion fruit), which is here taken as study matrix due to its antioxidant activity, among other pharmacological effects. The three studied analytical methods comprised the extraction with solvent using ultra-turrax, ultrasound and microwave equipment, from which three flavonoids could be extracted: orientin, isoorientin and isovitexin, which were determined by UPLC-PDA. The green character of each method was analysed by means of the Green Star metric which, allied to analytical criteria, made it possible to find the best procedure for removing the flavonoids of interest in the samples. It is important to emphasize that UPLC and the application of chemometrics are associated to the choice of solvents and other ideally innocuous and renewable materials could also contribute to increase the green character of the whole study. At the end of this work, it was observed that, among the evaluated extraction methods, the most efficient and green-characterized experiment was based on ultra-turrax (exp.8), which made it possible to extract the selected flavonoids in greater quantity from the residues of sour passion fruit.
A influência da adição de MgH₂ em Mg visando a aplicação em tanques de armazenagem de hidrogênio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-28)
Chanchetti, Lucas Faccioni
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Leiva, Daniel Rodrigo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6576844591900987
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Ishikawa, Tomaz Toshimi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5726055117451807
Magnesium Hydride is a promising material for Hydrogen storage, due to its high capacity, excellent reversibility and low cost of metallic magnesium. High energy ball milling is the main technique for obtaining Mg with reaction kinetics adequate to H2 storage applications. It however possesses high energetic cost and low productivity, besides inflicting air sensitivity, raising processing costs. Previous studies demonstrated that the incorporation of 5% MgH2 to Mg improves its activation kinetics with reduced milling times. In this work, we evaluated the effect of the addition of increasing MgH2 contents to Mg on its activation kinetics and in characteristics of interest for storage tanks, such as air resistance, cyclability and thermal conductivity. Commercial Mg plates were extensively cold rolled, followed by a short ball milling step with addition of hydride. Part of the resulting material was compacted, and air exposed for 1 month. The hydrogen sorption properties were evaluated with a Sieverts-type apparatus and microstructural characterization was done via scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The addition of 10% or more MgH2 endowed Mg with fast activation. Mg+MgH2 compacts have air resistance far superior to 100% MgH2 compacts, while keeping full capacity, fast kinetics and cyclability. The porosity after compaction was also lower for Mg+MgH2. The fast activation kinetics, together with the air resistance, allows Mg+MgH2 to be used as the starting material in Mg-based H2 storage tanks, eliminating the need for controlled atmosphere and reducing the necessity of ball milling.
Narrativa crítico-reflexiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-28)
Weigert, Camilla Victória
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Souto, Bernardino Geraldo Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7264826508407685
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7647655687970166
The objective of this work is to carry out a synthesis about the experience in the areas of teaching, assistance and research throughout the medical graduation course through a reflection on my training as recommended by the respective Pedagogical Political Project. These topics will be addressed through a dissertation text divided according to the learning cycles adopted in the course program and, later, a discussion about participation in complementary activities.
Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana de nanopartículas de óxido de zinco, óxido de cobre e prata em bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-28)
Arab, Fernanda Elisa
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Souza, Clovis Wesley Oliveira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0781683628437007
;
Ferreira, Marcos David
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6652079760634274
The use of antimicrobials in packages, in particular metal oxides, can be effective in inhibiting or retarding the growth of microorganisms, thus enabling a longer expiration date of foods. The main objective of this work was to synthesize, characterize and test the antimicrobial activity of zinc oxide, copper oxide and silver nanoparticles in Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium). For the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles the precipitation and sonochemistry (ultrasound) methods were performed, for CuO, besides these methods, hydrothermal and Ag precipitation were also performed. Silver, considered a universal antimicrobial, was used as a benchmark in the studies, and therefore only the most traditional synthesis (precipitation). The characterizations performed for the nanoparticles were X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared Spectroscy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Field Emission Source (FEG) and Zeta Potential. The evaluation of the antimicrobial activity was performed through the agar diffusion test (qualitative analysis) and the bottle agitation test (quantitative analysis). The latter was performed for the bacteria that showed greater inhibition of the diffusion test, S. aureus and E. coli, and for the syntheses that obtained smaller nanoparticles, being the ultrasound for ZnO, ultrasound 2 h for CuO and precipitation for Ag. The thickness of the nanoparticles (NPs) were between 10 and 40 nm. In the diffusion test the ZnONPs showed inhibition halos for S. aureus (12 mm and 14 mm ± 0,05) and E. faecalis (5 mm ± 0,05); the CuONPs formed halos for S. aureus (6.6 to 9.6 mm ± 0.05) and slightly for E. coli (4.5 to 5.2 mm ± 0.05); for AgNPs, inhibition halos were formed in all bacteria, S. aureus (12.4 ± 0.05); E. faecalis (9.7 mm ± 0.05); E. coli (8.6 mm ± 0.05) and Salmonella (8.1 mm ± 0.05).While in the bottle shake test for S. aureus the nanoparticles obtained about 100% inhibition relative to the control at a concentration of about 200 μg / ml for CuONPs and AgNPs and at 350 μg / ml for ZnONPs. For E. coli with the highest studied concentration for all NPs, 500 μg / ml, it was possible an inhibition around 90% related to the control. The antimicrobial activity of the nanoparticles used showed greater inhibition for Gram-positive bacteria compared to Gram-negative bacteria. According to the studies performed, the nanoparticles tested (ZnO, CuO and Ag) were shown to be potential antimicrobial agents. They can be considered of great importance for the purpose of investing in processes that retard / inhibit bacterial growth, with the potential of applying antimicrobial packaging for food storage.
Algumas relações entre a psicanálise freudiana e os preceitos do “cuidado de si”e do “conhecimento de si”
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-28)
Naldinho, Thiago Canonenco
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Monzani, Luiz Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2036732603638197
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3937733714173482
Our thesis is a response/comment to the question raised by Michel Foucault about what the link of psychoanalysis with the theme of spirituality would be. To that end, we begin our discussion with an analysis of a description made by the aforementioned French philosopher. He portrays the differences between two sorts of relationships between subject and truth – regarding two regimes of subjectivation: one previous and other posterior to what Foucault calls the Cartesian moment, which marks the entrance of the history of truth into the Modern Age. Later, we focus on the thought of Sigmund Freud, in order to find evidence concerning the supposed presence (stated by Foucault), at the core of psychoanalytic knowledge, of the same points that guided the millennial tradition of spirituality – the work upon the self (performed by the subject with the aim of achieving the change of his being) as a condition to accessing the truth; and the consequent transfiguration and salvation of the subject, due to its contact with the truth. Finally, we evaluate whether the presumed existence of these spiritual contents sanctions the consideration of psychoanalysis as a type of spirituality in the present time, through its relations with the old principles of self-knowledge and care of the self.
Proposta de método para mensuração da qualidade de políticas públicas em sistemas de inovação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-09-28)
Pakes, Paulo Renato
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Torkomian, Ana Lúcia Vitale
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2321084184622795
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4438042573741789
Despite the development of technological capacity to innovate occur primarily within companies, other organizations and institutions of the Innovation System (IS) can contribute to this process. In the broadest sense, IS can be understood as all important economic, social, political, organizational and institutional factors, among others, that influence the development, diffusion and use of innovations. The Public Power of the State of São Paulo has carried out several initiatives in Science, Technology & Innovation for the maturation of its local innovation systems (LSI). Among the public policies implemented are the creation of the Paulista System of Technology Parks (PSTP), the Business Incubators Network (BIN), the State Innovation Law as well as the São Paulo System of Innovation Environments (SPSIE), which proposes a for the state innovation system. Considering this context, this thesis proposes a model to measure the perceived quality of public policies for Innovation System from the point of view of users. The analysis framework has as starting point the concepts of innovation and quality systems in the public sector and brings as original contribution a model to measure the perceived quality of public policies in innovation. For its accomplishment, this thesis went through the elaboration of bibliometric analysis and systematic analysis on quality in the public sector and systems of innovation. Following, a websurvey on the quality of public policy SPTec was carried out. Through descriptive analysis, it was possible to verify the quality of public policy in 5 determinants of quality. Factor analysis allowed the regrouping of quality attributes into new determinants for SPTec public policy. The Pearson correlation analysis allowed to verify the correlations between the variables. Finally, the multiple regression analysis allowed us to analyze the dependence relationship between the variables. It was observed that the public policy SPTec is immature in terms of process quality, quality of the relation and quality of the result, needing intervention of improvement with higher priority on them. In addition, we identified the determinants that should be prioritized in the implementation of SPTec public policy in a possible reformulation. Finally, the attributes of quality that generate the greatest effect in terms of increase in user satisfaction are shown, as well as those that generate decrease in satisfaction if they have an increase in their performance, which allows to analyze which attributes should be prioritized in terms of maintenance or performance. From the information obtained through the application of the instrument, public managers and public policy promoters can promote improvements in the innovation system with the aim of maturing it.