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Produção e Caracterização de Filme de a-C:H(N)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-03)
Souza, Alan Roger Moreno
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Rossino, Luciana Sgarbi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0139027055418391
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8167885483299338
The great interest in using diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin films is justified by their remarkable properties. The DLC film may incorporate other atomic elements depending on the precursor gas and the deposition conditions of the films, which provide different optical and mechanical properties to the film. The incorporation of nitrogen in the DLC film (a-C:H(N)) causes the decrease in the amount of carbon atoms in the state of hybridization sp3 and decreases the internal tension of the film, thus increasing the adhesion of the film to the substrate. Therefore the deposition parameters were studied in order to avoid high internal stresses present in the films that impair its adhesion to the metallic substrate and promote properties of interest. The objective of this work was to produce and study the effect of nitrogen incorporation in DLC (a-C:H) films on their chemical, mechanical and structural properties. The a-C: H and a-C: H (N) films were deposited on glass substrates, titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) and cobalt (WC-Co) carbide machining tool. The plasma-assisted vapor deposition technique (PECVD) using DC-pulsed source was used as the precursor methane gas with dilute argon, for the reproduction of a-C:H film, and nitrogen diluted in methane gas for the production and characterization of the aC:H(N) film. Studies on the physical cleaning, deposition of the interlayer film (a-Si), growth of a-C:H(N) film and study of the incorporation of nitrogen into the a-C:H film were made. For the characterizations, the techniques of visual evaluation, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), profilometry, dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDS) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, photoelectron spectroscopy, X (XPS), nanoindentation and machining test. The results obtained were a-C:H and a-C:H(N) adherent films. The adhesion, deposition rate and mechanical and optical properties of DLC films are related to the following parameters: total gas flow, gas ratio, power, temperature and pre-treatments used, such as physical cleaning and deposition of silicon interlayer films. The physical cleaning of the substrate showed the best result when the concentration of the argon and hydrogen gases were made in equal proportions and with total gas pressure of approximately 2 Torr. The a-C:H film had a hydrogen concentration of 26.64%, hardness of 14 GPa and 39.1% of sp3 hybridization between carbons. With the characteristics described the film produced can be classified as a hard film of a-C:H, according to previous research (Robertson, 2002). For the a-C:H(N) films the increase in the amount of nitrogen incorporated into the film was observed with the increase in the N2 gas flow diluted during the treatment. The concentration increased from 2 to 8% when the proportion of nitrogen inserted during the treatment was increased, from 10 to 60%, respectively. It was observed the increase in the deposited film thickness when the nitrogen was inserted diluted concentrations of 10 to 40% in methane, but in nitrogen concentrations higher than 50 and 60%, the deposition rate decreased. The spectra obtained by FTIR showed C-C and C-H2 bonds with most sp3 bonds for the a-C:H film, while the presence of nitrogen bands was found for the a-C:H (N) film. For characterization by Raman spectroscopy, the change of the position of the G band to higher wave numbers denote the decrease of carbon with hybridized bonds sp3, this is due to the increase of the incorporation of nitrogen in the film. No significant change in film hardness was observed with different nitrogen incorporations. In the milling test, it was observed that, among the a-C:H(N) films produced, the film with a 20% dilution of nitrogen in methane provided a longer life for the cutting tool. The tool with no film deposition with a life of 6.2 minutes and the tool with a-C:H(N) film with 8.1 minutes of machining. However, the a-C:H film still had the best tool life with its total machining time of 9.2 minutes. The test specimen presented lower surface roughness for the tools with the deposition of DLC film when compared to the test body machined with the tool without deposition.
Previsibilidade em revoada de formigas-cortadeiras Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) por meio de modelagem computacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-03)
Tallarico, Luís Carlos
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Barbosa, Marcílio de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8917018101872409
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Colato, Alexandre
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5460973924624757
The mating process of the leaf-cutting ants, genus Atta, represents a relevant event to be studied due to its biological interest. The mating coincides with the onset of the rainy season and the hottest period of the year, when, under very specific climatic conditions, winged males and females leave the adult colony for copulation, which occurs during flight, including between individuals from different colonies, aiming to increase the genetic variability of the population. The females then become the queens of new colonies that will be founded. The prediction of the mating period is important because it is fundamental information for monitoring the pest and for the planning of the application of methods for its control that enable: the reduction of the quantities and costs of the used inputs, the increase of the efficiency control agents and the reducing of the damage they can cause to the environment. It also facilitates the process of collecting these insects for use in experiments. The climatic conditions are an important factor for the definition of the period of the flock, however, there are few studies for the subject and there is no method or tool that uses mathematical modeling to predict its occurrence. The objective of this work was to estimate the mating period of leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa occurs, based on climatic information and meteorological forecasts, through the construction of a computational model that involves data analysis and uses specific scoring functions, in an optimization process, that had its calibration based on the set of climatic data of a period and in the record of the respective dates in which the mating was observed. The optimization model was sufficiently sensitive and able to determine a maximum point, in terms of scoring, on the date on which the mating occurred.
Estudo do impacto da escolha do modelo para o controle de overdose na fase I dos ensaios clínicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-03)
Marins, Bruna Aparecida Barbosa
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Cobre, Juliana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1042802390444616
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6574049419922178
Escalation with overdose control proportional hazards is a Bayesian method with overdose control that estimates the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) assuming that the time a patient takes to show toxicity follows the proportional hazards model. In this work, we analyse the consequences of adopting a method based on the proportional hazard model when the time until toxicity follows the proportional survival model. In order to seek to answer if we would have an overestimate or an underestimate of MTD, simulations were performed in which we considered proportional odds survival data and application of the EWOC-PH method. As an extension of the EWOC-PH method, we propose the EWOC-POS method which assumes that time until toxicity follows the proportional odds survival model.
Indicadores de sustentabilidade como ferramenta de apoio aos municípios na gestão e no gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos urbanos, de serviços de saúde e de construção civil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-04)
Silva, Augusto Azevedo da
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Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0432344275684134
Waste management in Brazil requires innovation in the monitoring and control process. This process comes from the implementation of the National Solid Waste Policy and its management documents such as Waste Management Plans and Waste Management Plans. This work aims to develop a support system for solid waste management, systematizing information capable of subsidizing the decision making process of public waste managers, based on a set of sustainability indicators. The work consisted of a wide bibliographical revision, in order to build a conceptual basis of the indicators, with the selection and evaluation of indicators for the elaboration of the system. Based on this methodology, 28 indicators were elaborated from the sustainability indicators proposed by Camargo (2014) covering the 04 main types of waste generated in the urban environment (Household Waste, Urban Waste, Construction Waste and Health Services Waste). Based on these indicators a management system was constructed using these indicators and generating a waste management panel with visualization by sustainability dimensions and by types of waste.
A reflexão sobre a prática docente como fundamento para o desenvolvimento profissional: o caso da escola de educadores sob o olhar das professoras participantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-04)
Turatti, Maria Renata Campanha
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Machado, Dijnane Fernanda Vedovatto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6758025601578309
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7782518801206256
In the last few years, teacher training have occupied a prominent place on educational reforms. Resolution 2/2015 of the National Council of Education contains, in its guidelines, the understanding that the continuous training must have, as its main purpose, the discussion of teacher’s educational practice. This purpose has encouraged the professionalization of teachers, as a way for teacher’s development, whose professional attitude is based on building knowledge. This perspective requires that the continuous teacher training use specific training mechanisms that establish closer relations with teaching practice in the professional field. Under such considerations, this research sought to comprehend how professional development processes of teachers of Educação Básica occur in an university extension course. Thus, the research aimed to investigate the professional development processes in the work of Educação Infantil and Ensino Fundamental 1 teachers, taking into consideration the reflection as the key element of the continuous training, as well as identifying the elements from the continuous training that benefit teacher’s professional practice and analyzing what teachers comprehend about the reflection process of the practice. The research from the qualitative type, from intrinsic case study type, analyzed an university extension course inserted in a project that has existed for fourteen years at Unesp from Rio Claro, called Escola de Educadores. Among data collection tools were the observation of the course, document analysis of 2017 course’s project and other documents concerning the constitution and the path of Projeto Escola de Educadores, productions made by the participants of the research, questionnaire and semistructure interview with the participants of the research: seven teachers working in Educação Infantil and in Ensino Fundamental 1, in schools of the city of Rio Claro – SP. With the theoretical basis of authors such as Marcelo Garcia, Maurice Tardif, António Nóvoa, Isabel Alarcão and Paulo Freire and after the reports from research participant teachers, the study revealed that in spite of the proletarianization of teachers due to the lack of time to do continuous training, teachers made an effort to take part in the researched course, which proved a greater commitment with their own training. Through participation in the course Escola de Educadores, we comprehended that sharing ideas with peers, the search for association between theory and practice, the research behaviour through work with projects, the use of new digital tools and the creation of strategies in order to help school routine were some of the elements from the continuous training that provided the reflection of the practice for teachers and benefited their practice and professional development. The partnership between the university and the school, which values the knowledge of teachers, was one of the important aspects of the researched course. The experience in question may offer profitable paths for teacher training because it has in its basis the reflection exercise and analysis of teaching practice, dialogue with others, professional resignification, valorization of knowledge of the practice and protagonism in the formation process, change of professional behaviour and the valorization of pedagogical autonomy.
Tecnologia e Política: a modernização naval na Argentina e Brasil, 1900-1930
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-05)
Waldmann Júnior, Ludolf
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Martins Filho, João Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8157447462904324
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5064104684523336
This thesis seeks to analyse the process of technological modernization of the Argentine and Brazilian navies between 1900 and 1930. During this period, the rivalry between the two great South American countries was fundamental in their naval modernization policy. Argentina, which until then had no relevant fleet, expanded her naval forces in the late nineteenth century when it was involved in an arms race with Chile. In this process, she changed the regional naval balance, surpassing the Brazilians, who responded by approving new naval programs in 1904 and 1906. Thus, a new regional arms race began, centred on the dreadnoughts and that almost led to the emergence of a war. The naval competition gradually lose momentum after 1910, effectively ending with the outbreak of the World War I. The accelerated technological progress in this conflict quickly made both navies obsolete, which then adopted distinct positions: Argentina remained neutral, while Brazil supported the Allied cause, getting help to prepare its fleet, but unable to update it. In the post-war, despite international pressures for disarmament, the South Americans sought to modernize their navies again, but only the Argentineans were able to do so. Considering this period, our objectives are: 1) to understand the policy of naval acquisitions of the two countries from the perspective of their foreign policy; 2) understand how the decisions of naval modernisation were related to the domestic political dynamics in the two countries, focusing on civil-military relations; 3) analyse the naval decision-making process, identifying internal divergences regarding technological choices as well as the impacts that acquired equipment had on the respective navies. The diplomatic and defence policy of Argentina and Brazil was very marked by the regional dynamics, where a competition between these states was based on a regional balance of power perspective that influenced the decisions of naval modernization. In addition to the influence of foreign policy, the domestic and institutional spheres of these navies also affected the process by which they made their acquisitions. The institutional arrangements and patterns of civil-military relations existing in both these periods influenced the process of naval modernization, especially the time of choice to renew the fleet. Given the relative autonomy of decision-making and little political-institutional interest of the rest of the state and society in participating in the process of elaboration of naval programs in the two countries, modernization policies were largely the result of internal decisions in the navies, where there were significant divergences.
Dinâmica e diversidade das comunidades microbianas em cavernas tropicais do Brasil Central
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-05)
Paula, Caio César Pires de
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Bichuette, Maria Elina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8453043393798516
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Seleghim, Mirna Helena Regali
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5998337634888263
Subterranean environments are generally considered extreme oligotrophic and have specific characteristics that determine the local microbiota, such as: different humidity conditions, temperature and nature of nutritional resources. Although studies on environmental microbial diversity have made considerable advances, few researches have investigated the terrestrial microbiota of subterranean environments, mainly in tropical regions. Considering that the diversity and dynamics of the microorganisms of these environments is practically unexplored, this study had as aim to analyze, firstly, the current scenario of conservationist policies in Brazilian caves and to discuss the trophic level in tropical and temperate caves. In addition, in order to characterize microbial communities in tropical caves, the composition and structure of microbial biodiversity (bacteria and fungi) and environmental conditions (physicochemical parameters) were evaluated in all samples sampled in three caves of a Brazilian Conservation Unit (State of Terra Ronca - PETER, São Domingos, GO). Brazilian legislation was consulted on the use and conservation of caves, concentrations of organic carbon and total nitrogen were measured in tropical caves, as well as microbial attributes (biomass and respiration) to understand the dynamics of the microbial community in relation to the availability of organic matter. Composition and structure of microbial communities along a trophic gradient (surface > cave entrance > subterranean) was evaluated in each cave studied. We used the sequencing of 16S and ITS (rRNA) genes to access the biodiversity of fungi and bacteria. The use of microbial studies in the conservation policies of cave dwellers environments was discussed from the data obtained in this research. Considering published and new data on the quantity and quality of dissolved organic matter (carbon and nitrogen) in tropical and temperate caves, much care is needed when considering all the subterranean environments as extreme oligotrophic. Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria (mainly Alpha and Gamma) were the most frequent bacterial groups in the caves studied. Among the fungi, large proportions of Actinomycetes were observed in subterranean environments, mainly in dry period. Although most microbial communities are characterized by detritivorous microorganisms, some microorganisms known for chemoautotrophic activity (such as Beggiatoa) were observed in this study. The large number of uncultured bacteria and unidentified fungi in tropical caves is remarkable, indicating the great potential of this habitat to house new species of microorganisms. Structure and composition of the microbial communities in the studied caves were more dissimilar among them in subterranean environments than in surface environments. This dissimilarity among the microbial communities confers a singularity to each cave studied. Finally, microbial community in one of the studied caves showed evidence of the Halobacteriacea family dominance in entrance cave, probably due to its environmental conditions, such as high salinity of the substrate. The data obtained in this study enrich the knowledge of microbial biodiversity, clarify knowledge about the structure and dynamics of microbial communities in tropical caves and contribute to future proposals for cave environments conservation.
Caracterização temporal da fadiga diafragmática e dos efeitos do treinamento muscular inspiratório durante o exercício de alta intensidade em adultos saudáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-05)
Archiza, Bruno
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Silva, Audrey Borghi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1129428210391656
The diaphragm is the principle muscle of inspiration and is subject to fatigue during whole-body exercise at intensities above 85% of maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2). Exercise-induced diaphragmatic fatigue (DF) generates higher perceptions of dyspnea and limb fatigue, it onsets the respiratory muscle metaboreflex and, consequently, limiting high-intensity exercise (HIE). Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is highly efficient to provide gains in respiratory muscle strength (RMS), and to promote greater HIE and athletic performance. This thesis is composed by two studies. The objective of Study I was to investigate temporal characteristics of exercise-induced diaphragmatic fatigue (DF) during HIE in healthy adults. Ten healthy men were recruited in the initial screening and 8 were included in the final analysis. Initially, anthropometrics and spirometry were assessed, followed by a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in a cycle ergometer. Another 3 tests were performed using the Δ60% method to calculate the workload. The first was performed to time-to-exhaustion (TTE) while the other 2 were randomly applied to 50 and 75% of TTE. DF was assessed using the balloon catheterization method and through the calculation of transdiaphragmatic twitch pressure after cervical magnetic stimulus. DF was found from 75% TTE (P<0,05); also, a strong and significant correlation was found between fatigue and diaphragmatic force output (r=0,785, P<0,001). We concluded that DF occurs during HIE and its magnitude increases as the work of breathing do so. Therefore, the diaphragmatic capacity to generate force and pressure becomes progressively smaller during HIE. In Study II we sought to investigate the effects of IMT on HIE tolerance, respiratory and peripheral muscles oxygenation, and performance during a repeated sprints ability test (RSA) in female soccer athletes. Eighteen athletes were included in the final analysis. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups: IMT (IMT, n=10), and sham (SHAM, n=8). As initial evaluation: anthropometrics, spirometry at rest, maximal mouth inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory static pressures assessment, CPET in a treadmill, time-to-exhaustion (TTE) constant load exercise test, and RSA test. After 60 sessions of intervention (2x/day, 5 days/week, 6 weeks; IMT and SHAM training at 50 and 15% MIP, respectively), the same tests were applied. A greater HIE tolerance was found post-intervention on both groups (TTE, P<0,05), however, only IMT group presented better respiratory and peripheral muscles oxygenation during high-intensity exercise (P<0,05). Both groups showed improvements on RSA test (both P<0,05). Such results indicate the potential role of IMT at better oxygenation and blood supply to peripheral muscles during HIE, also presenting a positive impact on inspiratory muscles strength, exercise tolerance, and RSA performance in women’s soccer athletes.
Aspectos filogeográficos de Leporinus cf. friderici e da distribuição da diversidade genética em Leporinus cf. friderici Paraná e Megaleporinus obtusidens na bacia do Alto Paraná
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-05)
Santos, Rosane Silva dos
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Freitas, Patrícia Domingues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5647631868534064
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5600063172203814
The megadiversity of the Neotropical ichthyofauna has been associated to recent diversification processes, reflecting in subtle or lacking morphological differentiation between species, challenging the classical taxonomic identification. Leporinus friderici occurs in several river basins of South America, and its nominal taxonomic validity has been questioned. Its wide distribution within Brazilian Shield suggests that this species could be genetically structured among the hydrographic basins, despite a sharp morphological similarity. In this study, we performed phylogenetic analyses, based on three nuclear (RAG1, RAG2 and Myh6) and two mitochondrial (COI and Cytb) markers, in specimens morphologically similar to L. friderici and related species from different hydrographic basins in South America. Our phylogenetic tree identified four well-supported clades, point out to the existence of taxonomic inconsistencies within this fish group. A clade named L. cf. friderici sensu stricto included eight MOTUs (Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units) recently diversified in the Brazilian Shield basins. These results were also confirmed by a single-gene species delimitation analysis. It is suggested that this clade includes a species complex, characterizing taxonomic uncertainties. Another clade recovered only L. friderici from the Suriname rivers, validating this nominal species in its type locality. A third no-named clade, characterized by deeper species divergence, recovered five different nominal species interleaved with other undescribed forms previously also recognized as L. cf. friderici, indicating taxonomic errors. The fourth clade only included L. taeniatus. Our results showed a complex scenario involving the morphotype L. cf. friderici and allowed us to address aspects related to evolutionary diversification of this fish group and historical processes involved with, highlighting the importance of revealing hidden biodiversity for the taxonomy and conservationist action plans of these fish.
A construção da narrativa judicial nos casos de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-08)
Jurado, Thamara Moretti Soria
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Leite Júnior, Jorge
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7253561448346772
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2744563948941510
The issue of sexual violence against children and adolescents has not always been a concern, but the transformations towards childhood and the institution of children and adolescents as subjects of special rights have made it a priority on the Brazilian schedule. A political and social movement that grew in Brazil from the 1990s and culminated in fundamental legal changes to combat what would be one of the most demeaning contemporary social problems and should therefore be fought by the whole society: pedophilia. Understanding different situations of sexual violence against children and adolescents, such as cases of pedophilia, demonstrates that this term has become a broad, diffuse category that is triggered in different instances to define behaviors, actions and typify subjects. If the organization of coping with sexual violence against children and adolescents has been based on pedophilia, how are narratives about situations of sexual violence against children and adolescents constructed in the judiciary? Is the pedophilia category mobilized to determine the fate of those involved in cases that reach the judge's room? To answer these questions, thirty-eight court judgments that mobilized the pedophilia category were analyzed. This work starts from a historical constitution of the problem and its implementation in the judiciary, understood as the state voice in a decision-making scope, to identify the victim's place in a process that constitutes a protective armor, with the creation of policies protection of childhood and youth, while putting that same victim under scrutiny.
Representações sociais de autonomia e autogestão de catadores de materiais recicláveis e apoiadores da Coopervida, São Carlos/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-08)
Oliveira, Letícia Dal Picolo Dal Secco de
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Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7937554854987351
The development of solidary-economic enterprises (SEE) in Brazil has contradictions, those highlighted in studies of Social Psychology of Work related to the transformations of meanings and identities of these organizations' subjects by internalization of solidary-economic values, even having organization and internal relationships influenced by capitalist hegemonic culture. The interaction with supporters is pointed out as a contribution for new values and principles working in organizations. These issues apply to cooperatives of recyclable waste pickers considering their precarious material and symbolic conditions of work and life that unfold into difficulties for signifying new proposed relationships. A potentiality of solidary economy (SE) refers to individual and collective gain of autonomy resulting in self-management processes, which is criticized in researches that characterize SEE as reproducing exploitation relationships for being perversely included in the competitiveness of economic market. It is understood that the study of social representations (SR) contributes to the investigation of these theoretical disputes by unveiling in practice the changes in identity and meaning came out from negotiations carried out in dialogical processes of interaction, elucidating conflicted issues in tension in the public sphere, as it is the case of SE potentialities. Thus, the aim has been to understand the SRs of pickers and supporters, in the same context, on autonomy and self-management. A case study has been carried out in the city of São Carlos-SP with direct observations, field diary records and individual semi-structured interviews. The central research field has been the Cooperative of Recyclable Waste Pickers of São Carlos (Coopervida), besides the institutions of supporters and public spaces of interaction. The analysis has been thematic and the informations have been triangulated. About pickers, autonomy is related to both an individual subject that does not fit in the cooperative and to the collective freedom of performing daily work. Self-management refers to the participation of cooperative members in the discussion spaces, respecting collective rules, that could enhance the work process and its results. Their SRs are anchored in their daily work. For the supporters, autonomy has multiple meanings (political, economic, social, collective and individual), and self-management is a dependent-on-autonomy process, corroborating with some theorists. Their SRs are anchored in the intersection between their life history and professional choices, reinforced by their participation in political articulation spaces. They consider that the participation of cooperative members in these spaces, as well as in educational processes, are primordial for the acquisition of knowledge necessary for a condition of autonomy. They permeate their SRs, environmental and social justice issues, with SE restricted to supporters of institutions based on it. The interactions established have led to some advances, albeit with several limitations, related to Coopervida's autonomy and self-management, however SE does not really form as part of it, but as a possibility. These elucidations are expected to contribute to both cooperative members and supporters understanding and reflecting on the limits and possibilities of their current conditions, as well as to trigger the articulation of joint strategies so that this interaction enables concrete transformations based on their aims.
Um corpo como fronteira: parentesco e identificações entre descendentes nipônicos "mestiços"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-08)
Hatugai, Érica Rosa
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Machado, Igor José de Renó
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705450652848752
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7324088577711570
This research analyses the figure of the “mixed-race” person, the ‘mixed’ family comprised of Japanese descendants, and non-descendants, most of whom live in the city of Marília, a countryside city at 446 kilometers away from São Paulo, Brazil. The data show a notion of fluid Japaneseness of the “mixed-race” person, who is thus intertwined with the concepts of corporality, modes, and tensions characteristic of a “Japanese” relationship. About the identification of the “mixed-race” person and ‘mixed’ families, the research shows that the way they perceive themselves and the way they are represented lead to clashes and tensions upon the notions of culture and “Japanese” relationship when compared to families only comprised of Nikkei members. This research approaches the place of the person of “mixed-race” and the ‘mixed’ family in the history of Japanese immigration to Brazil, raising the role of alliances and conflicts present in the notion of “Japanese” relationship. The absence of such a theme in the scientific literature of the Japanese immigration to Brazil may have obfuscated its debate up to the present, in despite of the objective reality and social tensions still alive in this phenomenon. Therefore, this research aims at presenting new elements to help reflect upon one of the many repercussions of the Japanese immigration and presence in Brazil.
Estudo fisiológico de Desmodesmus spinosus exposta ao cobre na presença e ausência de bactérias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-08)
Oliveira, Tamires de Freitas
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Lombardi, Ana Teresa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7017132839366039
Copper enters water bodies through physical and chemical processes, thus ensuring their presence in aquatic environments. In addition, it can be dumped in significant amounts by industrial, agricultural and mining activities, generating residues potentially toxic to aquatic biota. Copper is an essential micronutrient for microalgae and acts in biochemical processes that are fundamental to maintaining their life. However, when in concentrations above those usually experienced by these organisms, copper may have toxic effects and, as a consequence, induce biochemical changes in algal biomass. This study aimed at investigating the effects bacteria community on copper toxicity to the microalgae Desmodesmus spinosus and its interference in metabolic processes such as the synthesis and accumulation of biomolecules. This research was divided into two parts. In the first one we exposed axenic cultures of D. spinosus to several copper concentrations in order to define one concentration to be tested in the presence of bacteria, the second part. Growth parameters, biomolecules and photosynthetic activity of the microalga were evaluated in both the absence and presence of bacteria. Our objective in the first part was to select a copper concentration that affected the general microalgae metabolism but did not cause its death. For the first part copper concentrations ranged from 0.007 to 3.5 μM and the results showed that 3.5 μM Cu2+ inhibited the growth and photosynthetic activity of the microalga, while increasing the carbohydrate concentration. Microalga / bacterial interactions are complex and can influence the interpretation of what occurs in the environment and in laboratory tests. In this research, we conclude that the presence of bacteria can alter the toxicity of copper to microalgae. In part 2, the presence of bacteria stimulated the growth of microalgae, while kept equal to the synthesis and accumulation of chlorophyll and formed up to 8 cenobia cells, which had not been detected in axenic cultures. In addition, in the presence of bacteria, 3x more carbohydrates were accumulated in the algal biomass. We showed that D. spinosus is a copper-resistant microalgae and can therefore be indicated in bioremediation processes of environments contaminated with this element.
Assédio sexual contra mulheres em transporte público: das usuárias à empresa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-10)
Silva, Luiza de Medeiros
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Williams, Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962646759651464
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2120104338360564
Much has been said about sexual harassment, mainly by the media and more coverage has been given recently to harassment in public spaces. This is a problem that affects the health and safety domains, as sexual violence has harmful consequences to victims. The objectives of the present theses was to review the literature on sexual harassment in public spaces, and as a consequence to analyze the approach researchers around the world give to the topic, and subsequently to conduct a survey with female users of public transportation in the city of São Paulo regarding sexual harassment in transportation identifying how they consider their own safety and compare their position with data resulting from an interview with an employee of the company responsible for the Sao Paulo subway system. The literature review identified 9 empirical studies, mainly in Asia on the incidence of sexual harassment in public spaces, and zero studies form Brazil on the subject, especially sexual harassment in public transport. Thus, the empirical study from this thesis is a pioneer one in the area in such country. The survey results carried out with users of the public transport in São Paulo showed that 43.8% of the women said they knew how to proceed if they suffered or witnessed episodes of sexual harassment in transportation. High rates appeared when asked if they had already witnessed sexual harassment of women on public transport (65.5%) and if they had suffered harassment (75.6%). The scientific community needs to enhance empirical research on the subject, especially in Brazil, so that there is more discussion about the vulnerability of women when they occupy public spaces and about the lack of punishment when crimes like these occur.
Aplicação de redes neurais artificiais à previsão do preço da energia elétrica para distintas zonas de mercados desregulamentados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-10)
Silva, Camila Kamimura
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Fernandes, Ricardo Augusto Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0880243208789454
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8046007140022297
The estimation of the energy price plays a crucial role in the current model of commercialization of energy in many countries. Better estimation capacity makes it possible to identify appropriate strategies for market players. Thus, this work aims to determine a methodology to estimate point values and intervals (maximum and minimum) for a day for the Pennsylvania - New Jersey - Maryland energy market through Data Mining, where they will be considered Attribute Selectors and Artificial Neural Networks. In this sense, the responses of neural networks of the Multilayer Perceptron type and of Recurrent Neural Networks will be analyzed, considering different topologies. Keywords: Energy market, Artificial neural networks, Energy Price, Time-series forecasting.
Dor no ombro: paradoxo entre o modelo patoanatômico e medidas clínicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-10)
Barreto, Rodrigo Py Gonçalves
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Ludewig, Paula
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Camargo, Paula Rezende
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7602596349127054
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6143294885384140
Introduction: The evaluation of patients with shoulder pain is highly influenced by pathoanatomical factors. Special tests and imaging are commonly used to the clinical decision-making. However, some studies have called this model into question suggesting more diversified evaluation systems such as movement-based and psychosocial aspects. Objectives: To verify the association of pathoanatomical factors with the symptom presentation and determine if pathoanatomical factors contribute to the self-reported shoulder function. Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate in detail pathoanatomical abnormalities in individuals with unilateral shoulder pain. Images in the coronal, sagittal, and axial planes were generated and independently interpreted by a board-certified, orthopedic fellowship trained orthopedic shoulder surgeon and a musculoskeletal radiologist. Frequencies of pathoanatomical abnormalities for both shoulders were compared and the agreement across the evaluators was verified. In order to assess if pathoanatomical factors contributed to the self-reported shoulder function, a multivariate model was built considering the total score of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) as the dependent variable. Clinical, demographics, pain catastrophizing, and special tests were used as explanatory variables. Results: Both shoulders presented a high prevalence of pathoanatomical abnormalities. Symptomatic shoulders showed the highest frequency of full-thickness tear and glenohumeral osteoarthrosis. Other observed pathoanatomical abnormalities did not show statistically significant differences between both shoulders. Pathoanatomical variables did not contribute to the multivariate model. The group of variables that best explained the selfreported shoulder function were pain intensity at rest, pain catastrophizing level, and acromioclavicular joint tenderness during palpation. Conclusions: Full-thickness rotator cuff tears and the presence of glenohumeral osteoarthrosis seem to be the only pathoanatomical abnormalities associated with the symptoms. Elevated pain catastrophizing levels and pain intensity at rest as well as acromioclavicular joint tenderness were the best explanatory variables to decreased self-reported shoulder function. Health professionals must be aware that most pathoanatomical abnormalities assessed with the magnetic resonance imaging are not related to the symptoms.
Análise das correlações entre narrativa, estética, música e estereoscopia, em Divertida Mente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-10)
Granatto, Danilo César
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Andrade, Leonardo Antônio de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3921612856948891
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1170428913376053
The following project has as its main purpose to analyse a series of elements that compose the cinematic language applied to the 3D animation Inside Out (Pete Docter, Walt Disney Pictures; Pixar Animation Studios. 2015) and explore the correlations and the interdependency amongst them. Selecting this movie as the object of this study has multiple advantages, as it is a current piece and was conceived by two of the most respected animation studios, being a proper model to compare with the present scenario. Firstly, the historical facts about the subject are presented, flowing through the technological evolution and the development of methods that assist the processes of creating animations until the present day. Subsequently, it is necessary to measure the values of the oscillations and variations of data in each of the elements capable of analysis according to the duration of the movie; with the objective to explore the creation process of colors, musical compositions and the stereoscopy showcased in the movie. Parallel to that, all the results from all the diagrams created will be approached, and all of its respective components and their contributions to potencialize the dramaturgy convenient in certain parts of the plot, with the theoretical background on the layers of narrative structure from The Writer's Journey, by Cristopher Vogler. Finally, the results previously mentioned will be compared amongst each other, showcasing the behavior of these elements and their contributions as stimulators of the dramatic tension.
Descoberta automática de expressões multipalavras a partir de textos paralelos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-11)
Vargas, Natalie Lourenço
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Caseli, Helena de Medeiros
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6608582057810385
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7480933015410339
Multiword Expressions (MWEs) are a current challenge for Natural Language Processing field and there are different proposed automatic methods to treat and discovery them. We propose in this work two new bilingual discover methods in parallel texts, which were implemented as the Bilingual Discovery MWE Toolkit (BiDiMWEToolkit). The proposed methods were based on similar ideas in related works and they use bilingual word embeddings in order to find the best MWEs translations automatically discovered. In the first method, source and target MWEs are extracted separately from morphossyntatic patterns already defined and they are paired based on billingual word embeddings. In the second method, we just extracted source MWEs and the best translations are defined using bilingual word embeddings. As a result of our presented experiments, we concluded that both methods are capable of performing billingual discovery but the second method has prove to be more complete than the first method: (1) it capable of generating translations without target MWEs, so it wasn’t necessary to have prior knowledge about the target language, (2) and capable of generating translations composed by one word, covering the cases when MWE translations are not an expression.
Uma introdução à invariância conforme na Teoria das Cordas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-11)
Morales, Dumar Andres Ospina
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Schmidtt, Fernando David Marmolejo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7431492489687677
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2642637159529669
In this work we study the formalism of Conformal Field Theory (CFT) and apply it to the theory of strings and superstrings. We also use the BRST quantization technique to obtain the string spectrum together with the celebrated critical dimension for the bosonic string, i.e. the d=26. By performing a supersymmetric extension of the Polyakov action of the bosonic string we construct a superstring, which now includes fermionic degrees of freedom as well. The gauged fixed action of the latter theory leads to the critical dimension d=10 after imposing the condition of the vanishing of the conformal anomaly at the quantum level.
Papel do córtex pré-frontal medial na ansiogênese induzida pelo estresse de derrota social em camundongos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-18)
Santos, Gabriel Victoriano dos
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Souza, Ricardo Luiz Nunes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2475842684688693
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2950857821458547
Recent findings have demonstrated that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has a lateralized role in the control of response to stressors, and the left hemisphere (LmPFC) would attenuate the anxiogenic responses elicited by right medial prefrontal cortex (RmPFC). The temporary chemical inactivation of LmPFC, followed by social defeat stress (SDS)provokes an anxiogenic effect that persists for up to 24 hours in mice. In the present study, we investigated: (1) the anxiety levels of mice exposed to the elevated plus maze (EPM) 2, 5 or 10 days after the combination SDS + LmPFC inactivation and (2) the role of the glutamate NMDA (n-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors located in the RmPFC in anxiety-related behaviors in mice exposed to the EPM two days after the combination “SDS + LmPFC inactivation”. Male Swiss mice received intra-LmPFC microinjection of saline or cobalt chloride (CoCl2, non-specific synaptic inhibitor) and were exposed to acute SDS or non-aggressive interaction. Two, five or 10 days later, they were exposed to the EPM to assess conventional anxiety [percentage of open arm entries and percentage of open arm time (%OE; %OT)] and complementary [Stretched attend posture frequencies in protected (pSAP) and unprotected (uSAP) places and protected Head-dipping (pHD) and unprotected (uHD) places] measures. Locomotor activity [frequency of closed-arms entries (CE)] was also recorded. The results showed that the association "inactivation of LmPFC + SDS" decreased %OE and %OT, increased pSAP and decreased uSAP and uHD in almost all testing days. In experiment 2, two days after receiving intra-LmPFC CoCl2 or saline + SDS, the animals received intra- RmPFC microinjection of saline or AP7 (NMDA receptor antagonist) 10 minutes before being exposed to the EPM. Results showed that the CoCl2 + SDS combination confirmed the anxiogenic effect, however only in the animals treated with saline in the LmPFC. CE was remained unchanged in both experiments. These results suggest that the inactivation of the LmPFC may prolong to up to 10 days the anxiogenic-like effects induced by SDS. Interestingly, this type of stress-induced anxiogenesis is impaired by the blockade of the NMDA receptor located in the RmPFC of mice.