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Estudo fisiológico de Desmodesmus spinosus exposta ao cobre na presença e ausência de bactérias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-08) Oliveira, Tamires de Freitas; Lombardi, Ana Teresa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7017132839366039
Copper enters water bodies through physical and chemical processes, thus ensuring their presence in aquatic environments. In addition, it can be dumped in significant amounts by industrial, agricultural and mining activities, generating residues potentially toxic to aquatic biota. Copper is an essential micronutrient for microalgae and acts in biochemical processes that are fundamental to maintaining their life. However, when in concentrations above those usually experienced by these organisms, copper may have toxic effects and, as a consequence, induce biochemical changes in algal biomass. This study aimed at investigating the effects bacteria community on copper toxicity to the microalgae Desmodesmus spinosus and its interference in metabolic processes such as the synthesis and accumulation of biomolecules. This research was divided into two parts. In the first one we exposed axenic cultures of D. spinosus to several copper concentrations in order to define one concentration to be tested in the presence of bacteria, the second part. Growth parameters, biomolecules and photosynthetic activity of the microalga were evaluated in both the absence and presence of bacteria. Our objective in the first part was to select a copper concentration that affected the general microalgae metabolism but did not cause its death. For the first part copper concentrations ranged from 0.007 to 3.5 μM and the results showed that 3.5 μM Cu2+ inhibited the growth and photosynthetic activity of the microalga, while increasing the carbohydrate concentration. Microalga / bacterial interactions are complex and can influence the interpretation of what occurs in the environment and in laboratory tests. In this research, we conclude that the presence of bacteria can alter the toxicity of copper to microalgae. In part 2, the presence of bacteria stimulated the growth of microalgae, while kept equal to the synthesis and accumulation of chlorophyll and formed up to 8 cenobia cells, which had not been detected in axenic cultures. In addition, in the presence of bacteria, 3x more carbohydrates were accumulated in the algal biomass. We showed that D. spinosus is a copper-resistant microalgae and can therefore be indicated in bioremediation processes of environments contaminated with this element.
Um corpo como fronteira: parentesco e identificações entre descendentes nipônicos "mestiços"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-08) Hatugai, Érica Rosa; Machado, Igor José de Renó; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705450652848752; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7324088577711570
This research analyses the figure of the “mixed-race” person, the ‘mixed’ family comprised of Japanese descendants, and non-descendants, most of whom live in the city of Marília, a countryside city at 446 kilometers away from São Paulo, Brazil. The data show a notion of fluid Japaneseness of the “mixed-race” person, who is thus intertwined with the concepts of corporality, modes, and tensions characteristic of a “Japanese” relationship. About the identification of the “mixed-race” person and ‘mixed’ families, the research shows that the way they perceive themselves and the way they are represented lead to clashes and tensions upon the notions of culture and “Japanese” relationship when compared to families only comprised of Nikkei members. This research approaches the place of the person of “mixed-race” and the ‘mixed’ family in the history of Japanese immigration to Brazil, raising the role of alliances and conflicts present in the notion of “Japanese” relationship. The absence of such a theme in the scientific literature of the Japanese immigration to Brazil may have obfuscated its debate up to the present, in despite of the objective reality and social tensions still alive in this phenomenon. Therefore, this research aims at presenting new elements to help reflect upon one of the many repercussions of the Japanese immigration and presence in Brazil.
Representações sociais de autonomia e autogestão de catadores de materiais recicláveis e apoiadores da Coopervida, São Carlos/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-08) Oliveira, Letícia Dal Picolo Dal Secco de; Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7937554854987351
The development of solidary-economic enterprises (SEE) in Brazil has contradictions, those highlighted in studies of Social Psychology of Work related to the transformations of meanings and identities of these organizations' subjects by internalization of solidary-economic values, even having organization and internal relationships influenced by capitalist hegemonic culture. The interaction with supporters is pointed out as a contribution for new values and principles working in organizations. These issues apply to cooperatives of recyclable waste pickers considering their precarious material and symbolic conditions of work and life that unfold into difficulties for signifying new proposed relationships. A potentiality of solidary economy (SE) refers to individual and collective gain of autonomy resulting in self-management processes, which is criticized in researches that characterize SEE as reproducing exploitation relationships for being perversely included in the competitiveness of economic market. It is understood that the study of social representations (SR) contributes to the investigation of these theoretical disputes by unveiling in practice the changes in identity and meaning came out from negotiations carried out in dialogical processes of interaction, elucidating conflicted issues in tension in the public sphere, as it is the case of SE potentialities. Thus, the aim has been to understand the SRs of pickers and supporters, in the same context, on autonomy and self-management. A case study has been carried out in the city of São Carlos-SP with direct observations, field diary records and individual semi-structured interviews. The central research field has been the Cooperative of Recyclable Waste Pickers of São Carlos (Coopervida), besides the institutions of supporters and public spaces of interaction. The analysis has been thematic and the informations have been triangulated. About pickers, autonomy is related to both an individual subject that does not fit in the cooperative and to the collective freedom of performing daily work. Self-management refers to the participation of cooperative members in the discussion spaces, respecting collective rules, that could enhance the work process and its results. Their SRs are anchored in their daily work. For the supporters, autonomy has multiple meanings (political, economic, social, collective and individual), and self-management is a dependent-on-autonomy process, corroborating with some theorists. Their SRs are anchored in the intersection between their life history and professional choices, reinforced by their participation in political articulation spaces. They consider that the participation of cooperative members in these spaces, as well as in educational processes, are primordial for the acquisition of knowledge necessary for a condition of autonomy. They permeate their SRs, environmental and social justice issues, with SE restricted to supporters of institutions based on it. The interactions established have led to some advances, albeit with several limitations, related to Coopervida's autonomy and self-management, however SE does not really form as part of it, but as a possibility. These elucidations are expected to contribute to both cooperative members and supporters understanding and reflecting on the limits and possibilities of their current conditions, as well as to trigger the articulation of joint strategies so that this interaction enables concrete transformations based on their aims.
A construção da narrativa judicial nos casos de violência sexual contra crianças e adolescentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-08) Jurado, Thamara Moretti Soria; Leite Júnior, Jorge; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7253561448346772; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2744563948941510
The issue of sexual violence against children and adolescents has not always been a concern, but the transformations towards childhood and the institution of children and adolescents as subjects of special rights have made it a priority on the Brazilian schedule. A political and social movement that grew in Brazil from the 1990s and culminated in fundamental legal changes to combat what would be one of the most demeaning contemporary social problems and should therefore be fought by the whole society: pedophilia. Understanding different situations of sexual violence against children and adolescents, such as cases of pedophilia, demonstrates that this term has become a broad, diffuse category that is triggered in different instances to define behaviors, actions and typify subjects. If the organization of coping with sexual violence against children and adolescents has been based on pedophilia, how are narratives about situations of sexual violence against children and adolescents constructed in the judiciary? Is the pedophilia category mobilized to determine the fate of those involved in cases that reach the judge's room? To answer these questions, thirty-eight court judgments that mobilized the pedophilia category were analyzed. This work starts from a historical constitution of the problem and its implementation in the judiciary, understood as the state voice in a decision-making scope, to identify the victim's place in a process that constitutes a protective armor, with the creation of policies protection of childhood and youth, while putting that same victim under scrutiny.