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Descoberta automática de expressões multipalavras a partir de textos paralelos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-11)
Vargas, Natalie Lourenço
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Caseli, Helena de Medeiros
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6608582057810385
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7480933015410339
Multiword Expressions (MWEs) are a current challenge for Natural Language Processing field and there are different proposed automatic methods to treat and discovery them. We propose in this work two new bilingual discover methods in parallel texts, which were implemented as the Bilingual Discovery MWE Toolkit (BiDiMWEToolkit). The proposed methods were based on similar ideas in related works and they use bilingual word embeddings in order to find the best MWEs translations automatically discovered. In the first method, source and target MWEs are extracted separately from morphossyntatic patterns already defined and they are paired based on billingual word embeddings. In the second method, we just extracted source MWEs and the best translations are defined using bilingual word embeddings. As a result of our presented experiments, we concluded that both methods are capable of performing billingual discovery but the second method has prove to be more complete than the first method: (1) it capable of generating translations without target MWEs, so it wasn’t necessary to have prior knowledge about the target language, (2) and capable of generating translations composed by one word, covering the cases when MWE translations are not an expression.
Uma introdução à invariância conforme na Teoria das Cordas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-11)
Morales, Dumar Andres Ospina
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Schmidtt, Fernando David Marmolejo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7431492489687677
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2642637159529669
In this work we study the formalism of Conformal Field Theory (CFT) and apply it to the theory of strings and superstrings. We also use the BRST quantization technique to obtain the string spectrum together with the celebrated critical dimension for the bosonic string, i.e. the d=26. By performing a supersymmetric extension of the Polyakov action of the bosonic string we construct a superstring, which now includes fermionic degrees of freedom as well. The gauged fixed action of the latter theory leads to the critical dimension d=10 after imposing the condition of the vanishing of the conformal anomaly at the quantum level.
Papel do córtex pré-frontal medial na ansiogênese induzida pelo estresse de derrota social em camundongos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-18)
Santos, Gabriel Victoriano dos
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Souza, Ricardo Luiz Nunes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2475842684688693
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2950857821458547
Recent findings have demonstrated that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has a lateralized role in the control of response to stressors, and the left hemisphere (LmPFC) would attenuate the anxiogenic responses elicited by right medial prefrontal cortex (RmPFC). The temporary chemical inactivation of LmPFC, followed by social defeat stress (SDS)provokes an anxiogenic effect that persists for up to 24 hours in mice. In the present study, we investigated: (1) the anxiety levels of mice exposed to the elevated plus maze (EPM) 2, 5 or 10 days after the combination SDS + LmPFC inactivation and (2) the role of the glutamate NMDA (n-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors located in the RmPFC in anxiety-related behaviors in mice exposed to the EPM two days after the combination “SDS + LmPFC inactivation”. Male Swiss mice received intra-LmPFC microinjection of saline or cobalt chloride (CoCl2, non-specific synaptic inhibitor) and were exposed to acute SDS or non-aggressive interaction. Two, five or 10 days later, they were exposed to the EPM to assess conventional anxiety [percentage of open arm entries and percentage of open arm time (%OE; %OT)] and complementary [Stretched attend posture frequencies in protected (pSAP) and unprotected (uSAP) places and protected Head-dipping (pHD) and unprotected (uHD) places] measures. Locomotor activity [frequency of closed-arms entries (CE)] was also recorded. The results showed that the association "inactivation of LmPFC + SDS" decreased %OE and %OT, increased pSAP and decreased uSAP and uHD in almost all testing days. In experiment 2, two days after receiving intra-LmPFC CoCl2 or saline + SDS, the animals received intra- RmPFC microinjection of saline or AP7 (NMDA receptor antagonist) 10 minutes before being exposed to the EPM. Results showed that the CoCl2 + SDS combination confirmed the anxiogenic effect, however only in the animals treated with saline in the LmPFC. CE was remained unchanged in both experiments. These results suggest that the inactivation of the LmPFC may prolong to up to 10 days the anxiogenic-like effects induced by SDS. Interestingly, this type of stress-induced anxiogenesis is impaired by the blockade of the NMDA receptor located in the RmPFC of mice.
Estudos genético-populacionais em Astyanax aff. Scabripinnis da região da Serra da Mantiqueira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-19)
Limeira, Daniel Meneguello
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Mateus, Rogério Pincela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3619196057484399
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Artoni, Roberto Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8875928930712027
Genetic studies of natural populations have long been helping the scientific community and society in general to understand the evolution and conservation of both environments and communities. These studies have helped to define the boundary between species, and the concept of species, which is extremely important but sometimes arbitrary and quite variable among the various groups of living beings. In similar way, they help to know the status of conservation of populations in the wild and to understand how the anthropic activity or the natural evolution of the landscapes raises the risk of extinctions. In this sense, many researchers have considered the Astyanax scabripinnis species complex as a good model for evolutionary studies. These fish are known to inhabit headwaters streams, forming isolated populations with their own morphological, genetic and evolutionary characteristics. Aiming to deepen the knowledge about the genetic-population patterns of A. scabripinnis, six populations of the Serra da Mantiqueira region are have been selected, three belonging to the Sapucaí river basin, tributaries of the Grande river in the Upper Paraná basin, and three in the Paraíba do Sul basin. Using microsatellites based markers and mitochondrial DNA, we sought to know the intra and interpopulation genetic variability levels, to identify structure and migration patterns and bottleneck-population events. In addition, we sought to establish relationships between the geological evolution of the landscape, mainly in the higher regions of the Serra da Mantiqueira and the isolation and colonization patterns observed. Among the most relevant results, can be highlighted that the levels of genetic variability within the populations, when compared to other populations of Astyanax, are reasonably good. However, four of the populations had high levels of gene fixation suggesting the occurrence of inbreeding and two presented evidence of events of population bottlenecks, which draws attention to their conservation status. It was also possible to observe evident differences between two of the populations and the others, which allowed to infer the oldest separation of one and formation of the other through the colonization by individuals of varied populations, probably by anthropic action. The results showed that the population structure does not accompany the separation in two drainage basins and other factors of the formation of the Campos do Jordão plateau (where most of the populations are used), such as tectonic movements and drainage captures should be taken into account to understand the observed patterns. Finally, the hypothesis that best explains the structuring of the populations of Astyanax aff. scabripinnis observed is the colonization of the region from the Upper Paraná basin and dispersion or vicariance for the headwaters of the Paraíba do Sul basin.
Avaliação de diferentes estratégias de determinação de nutrientes e potenciais contaminantes em alimentos por técnicas baseadas em laser
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-19)
Augusto, Amanda dos Santos
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0641218916974686
The present project focuses on the development of strategies for the elemental determination of Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Pb and Zn in samples of orange juice and dietary supplements by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). For the determination of the analytes studied in supplements, by LIBS, several calibration methods were evaluated: the external calibration where cellulose was used and the samples themselves as the basis for the production of solid reference materials, PLS (Partial Least Squares ) as a multivariate calibration option and the calibration called MEC (Multi - Energy Calibration). Juice samples and aqueous standards were immobilized on a thin polymer film of PVA (Polyvinyl Alcohol) and analyzed by LIBS and LA-ICP-MS. In the analyzes by LIBS even with the conversion of the sample from the liquid to the solid state and/or with the DLLME (Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Micro Extraction) method, in different supports, it was not possible to obtain signals of intensity sufficiently intense for the analyzed analytes. During the implementation of this project it was possible to hold a one-year internship at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under the supervision of Dr. Richard Russo. In this part of the work dietary supplements were analyzed, but using a LIBS / LA-ICP OES (Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission) in order to propose a protocol of direct analysis of solids. Chemometrics was applied throughout the project to optimize the analytical conditions and identify the best working conditions. Chemometric tools were also used to generate calibration models for the rapid determination of the analytes.
Leitura compartilhada e letramento emergente na educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-19)
Conti, Lilian Maria Carminato
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Souza, Deisy das Graças de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4306989351358925
Providing significant learning experiences in reading and writing in order to guarantee that all the students have the same opportunities constitutes one of the greatest challenges of Brazilian Education. The constant contact with children’s storybooks and the adequate preschool teacher intervention during the reading process seem to act favorably toward the development of the Emergent Literacy. Aiming to investigate the Emergent Literacy, this research is divided into two studies developed with preschoolers. The studies were conducted in a Municipal Preschool Education Center, in a medium-sized city of São Paulo state countryside. In the first study, the goal was to identify whether there is a relation between the students’ repertory (related to the abilities of the Emergent Literacy) and the teacher’s perception regarding these repertories. Four teachers and their students – who pertained to the age bracket of the last phase of the Preschool Education program – participated in this study. Each teacher indicated six students, three with low and three with high performances in activities related to reading and writing, totaling 24 participating students. After indication, the teachers answered a questionnaire about each different student, who was also evaluated by the researcher through the Emergent Literacy Scale. In most cases, the teachers’ assessments tended to correspond to the scores from the Scale for the high-performing students, but they were more discrepant from this measurement for the low-performing students. The teachers tended to evaluate these last students with scores worse than the ones from the scale, except in four (from twelve) cases. The second study aimed at replicating a reading and writing teaching program with a shared-reading approach. Three groups of students in the age bracket of the last phase of the Preschool Education program participated, totaling 55 students. Two groups worked with the mentioned teaching program, while the third served as control. The program was developed in the format of shared-reading workshops, performed inside the classrooms and planned together with each teacher. All the workshops followed a guideline in order to guarantee the stimulus to every component of the Emergent Literacy, by means of different activities: 1. familiarization with the books; 2. shared-reading; 3. make-believe story reading and students handling of books. The application of the teaching procedures was conducted in 15 sessions, each lasting from 20 to 30 minutes, three times a week, for two months. The students were evaluated through the Emergent Literacy Scale (pretest and posttest). The results show that the workshops reduced the variability among the participants, making their performance more similar (around the average) in terms of the repertory of the participant groups when compared with the control group. However, even though some students reached maximum or close to the maximum scores, the averages suggest that the groups, as a whole, did not achieve the maximum potential assessed by the Scale. Some adjustments are recommended for the next replications. Implications to the educational practice and to the formation of preschool teachers are discussed, based on the results of both conducted studies.
Respostas cardiorespiratórias frente ao método Treinamento Corretivo Postural (TCP)®
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-19)
Lima, Marco Antonio de
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Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2444405525040960
The sedentary lifestyle is related to the low volume of physical activity leading to a series of chronic non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular, diabetes mellitus type 2, among others. The perspectives are those that improve the reversion of the picture, the physical training (TF) and the benefits for the improvement and maintenance of the health. In this way, TF can be planned and structured through volume, intensity and density, such as measurement and cardiorespiratory control variables, such as those that adjust to heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption (VO2), rate of the metabolic equivalent (MET) and the subjective perception of effort (PSE) of Borg, being used to calculate the energy expenditure (GE) of the activities. Among the current proposals for TF, Postural Corrective Training (TCP)® is presented as a method of aerobic gymnastics that presupposes antigLravity movements, performed in the frontal plane, as the basis of the functional work of posture. Based on the training of coordinating capacities, it aims not only to improve body posture, but also to promote the health and quality of life of its practitioners. However, there are still few studies regarding the behavior of cardiorespiratory variables during an initial session in the method. Thus, the objective of this study was to measure the HR, VO2 and GE in a 45 minute video-lesson method (ST) session in 19 young men (N = 19) aged 25,4 ± 5 years without previous contact with the method. Throughout the session, HR and VO2 were measured by Frequencimetro (Polar®) and ergospirometry, respectively. The collected analyzes were registered in an electronic database, submitted to tabulations in electronic spreadsheets, and later analyzed by the IBM® SPSS® software (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), version 22.0. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to calculate the means and standard deviation and the ANOVA was used for multifactorial measurements, Tukey post-hoc p <0.05. Results: HR, VO2, MET during TCP® was the same for those evaluated in the course of time with PSE in the Borg scale of 9.5 ± 1.81, HR maintained a plateau equal to 126.7 ± 16.75. Relative HR (% FC) of the patients remained at 66 ± 7% of the HRmax, which was obtained in a growing treadmill test, performed prior to the (TCP)® video session. The consumption of VO2 was: 17.53 ± 2.45 ml.kg.min-1, a metabolic demand of 5 ± 1.62 MET and GE of: 296.7 ± 59.03 kcal with a respiratory quotient (QR) of 0.86 ± 0.04. The results demonstrate that a (TCP)® method can be characterized as a predominance of energy metabolism of the aerobic oxidative system, with moderate intensity and caloric expenditure, with an easy to moderate effort perception, for this population.
Platão, poeta de uma nova tragédia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-19)
Santos, Ademir Souza dos
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Souza, Eliane Christina de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5658382257368048
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793307070103078
The placing of the ποίησις in the Platonic Dialogues raises great controversy. On one hand, the Republic engages in a severe criticism of the art of the poets. On the other, albeit with some restrictions, Plato himself applies poetic elements in the construction of his philosophy, from a rather complex character portrayal to the use of the mimetic resources he seemed to condemn. We propose a more comprehensive view to this apparent antinomy. In order to do so, we establish a connection between Diogenes Laertius’s Lives of Eminent Philosophers and the criticism Schleiermacher later addressed to it. From this starting point, together with the analysis of some dialogues (Republic, Apology, Meno, Protagoras, Symposium), we suggest that Plato, besides being a philosopher, may also be considered a poet. In this context, the mimesis occupies a meaningful role in the Paideia process. Lastly, we also argue that, for the understanding of Plato’s ideas, we should consider the formal, literary aspects of his work, as they cannot be dissociated from the so-called philosophical contents addressed in his dialogues.
Estudo sobre a viabilidade técnica da utilização de estribos verticais para o aumento da resistência à força cortante em lajes formadas por vigotas treliçadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-22)
Costa, Paulo José Soares da
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Almeida Filho, Fernando Menezes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0447825383222965
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1577588100326168
The present work carried out a theoretical-experimental study of a transverse reinforcement arrangement for slabs with lattice-reinforced joists. The objective of the research was to investigate both its structural behavior and its mechanical strength. In addition, 4 (four) models were tested in flexion to verify their resistive capacity and to compare the experimental values with the values calculated by ABNT NBR 6118 (2014), as well strength models, relative to slabs without transverse reinforcement and the truss complementary mechanism generated by the contribution of the concrete (Vc), were evaluated. It was proposed a detailing model for transverse reinforcement for lattice-reinforced joists, being compared with test models to measure their effectiveness. The theoretical analysis included the study of models used in the technical literature, like: ABNT NBR 6118 (2014), ACI-318 (2014), CSA A23.3 (2004), EFHE (2004) and Zsutty (1968). The results showed that there are significant differences for the average resistance between models, making it evident that the analyzed equations do not converge to similar values when the increase in it’s height, longitudinal reinforcement ratio or concrete compressive strength is required to obtain significant gains in shear strength. With respect to the experimental analysis, it was verified that the parameter that most influenced in the resistance to the shear strength was the transverse reinforcement ratio, maintaining the other constant parameters. Finally, the reinforcement arrangement evaluated in the experiments did not present a behavior like that with conventional stirrups and, despite the proven deficiency of the proposed detailing model, it was concluded that the use of closed stirrups in slabs with lattice-reinforced joists presented better efficiency to improve the resistance against from shear stresses.
Reguladores vegetais e nutrição mineral na formação de mudas de maracujazeiro-doce
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-23)
Maciel, Glauco Henrique Pinheiro
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Baron, Daniel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2054014705484176
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9469249961994979
Crop plants have been widely used to discuss several physiological interactions between plant growth regulators (PGRs) and mineral nutrition. However, these physiological effects and their potentiality in non-domesticated species (wild species) are far to be elucidated. In this way, we hypothesized that PGRs and mineral element availability interactions guaranteed improvements in plant development under low availability for the establishment of Passiflora alata Curtis (sweet passion fruit) seedlings. We investigated plant growth and ionic accumulation of macro and micronutrients in leaf and root plant tissues of P. alata. As expected, the ionic accumulation of some elements (N, P, S, B, and Cu) increased in response to a higher nutrient solution (ionic strength, IS) availability. The interactions IS x PGR were significant with respect to almost all the plant growth variables, besides the Zn in leaf and N, Zn, and B in roots. By means comparisons, we verified that the plant growth responses and Zn in leaf were more similar between ISs when PGRs had been applied. Moreover, the use of PGR probably favors an adequate nutritional and hormonal balance, since it has guaranteed improvements even under low availability. We can conclude that Passiflora alata Curtis that did not receive these phytoregulators are more variable in terms of nutrient content, and are therefore more susceptible to nutritional deficiencies
Materiais híbridos condutores baseados em grafeno/polímero visando aplicações em monitoramento e remediação de poluentes ambientais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-23)
Facure, Murilo Henrique Moreira
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Corrêa, Daniel Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0461451015026948
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4173216607463824
Graphene is a material composed of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in rings of six atoms with sp2 hybridization. Graphene displays a high sensitivity towards several molecules. Additionally, graphene presents other interesting features such as high electrical and thermal conductivity, mechanical strength and chemical stability, being considered a material with high potential for several technological applications. Herein, graphene-based and polymer-based materials were produced and used as constituents of sensing units of an electronic tongue in analyzes of organophosphorus pesticides and in pollutants remediation platforms based on the adsorption of methylene blue dye in aqueous solution. Graphene-based materials were obtained by chemical reduction of graphene oxide, which was synthesized using the modified Hummers method. The materials' physicochemical characterization was performed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy and the morphology was analyzed using Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) images. The sensing units of the electronic tongue were obtained by using reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and nanocomposites obtained by the combination of the rGO with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), polypyrrole and gold nanoparticles. The data were treated by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The system was able to discriminate solutions of OP pesticides at nanomolar concentrations, solutions with the mixture of these pesticides and real samples, presenting a direct relationship between the pesticide concentrations and the values of the principal components in the PCA plots. The materials employed provided sensing units with a high specific surface area and high conductivity, yielding the development of a sensor with high sensitivity. In another work, a nanocomposite made of rGO and poly(methylmethacrylate) nanofibers, produced by the Solution Blow Spinning (SBS) technique, was employed in the adsorption of the methylene blue dye. The dye adsorption kinetics and isotherm follow the pseudo-second-order and the Langmuir models, respectively. The results suggest that the adsorption capabilities of the membrane obtained are due to the synergistic effect of the strong π–π stacking interactions between the dye and the rGO combined with the properties of the electrospun nanofibers, such as high porosity and high-specific surface area per unit mass.
M-motion: um tocador de música digital para plataforma móvel que considera emoções dos usuários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-24)
Assunção, Willian Garcias de
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Neris, Vânia Paula de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0268728255033469
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0162658976845027
In recent years there has been a breakthrough in the development of technologies that have digitized the listening experience of music. With this, a large collection of music became available on the internet, in addition to the emergence of new automated techniques of music selection. Current music playback systems retrieve music through metadata such as title, author, band, and music genre. Since music can convey information related to emotion, studies show that music is an effective means of emotional induction and can change the emotional behavior of the user. The current methods of music recommendation and playback depending on the emotion requires a manual user interaction and are often suggested from a set of already pre-sorted songs, so this becomes a problem for the user, since most of the time the user has an intensive task in selecting a song according to the desired emotion before a large set of diverse songs and varied styles. Thus, this work aims to propose m-Motion, a musical reproduction tool for smartphones that seeks to help the user achieve a desired emotional state from their current emotional state. The current and desired emotion of the user is obtained by the expression of subjective feelings, informed through the speech of the voice (text) and of an element of user interface inspired in the semantic space of Scherer. The emotion of the user's songs are mapped to a dimensional space of excitation and valence, which are predicted by the classification algorithm Support Vector Machine (SVR). Therefore, this work adopted the semantic space of Scherer to classify the emotions of the songs and the users in terms of excitement and valence. Thus, the m-Motion algorithm makes use of two mathematical formulas, being the Euclidean distance and the equation of the line between the current and desired emotion. With this, the algorithm is able to return a set of songs between the current and desired emotion of the user. An experiment was conducted with three distinct groups of users that aimed to assess the emotion achieved by users after playing a set of suggested songs. The first two groups had 20 users each experiment and therefore each user was collected the current and desired emotional state, as well as the facial expressions during music playback. The first group received suggestions of songs returned by the proposed algorithm, while the second group the songs were manually suggested by the user. The third group contained 8 users and the experiment was carried out outside the controlled environment. Users of this group used the m-Motion application for 5 days and received music suggestions based on the desired emotional state. The results suggest that, when listening to the songs selected by the proposed application, the users can approach the desired emotional state, as well as the manual recommendation made by the user.
Influência de diferentes aditivos nucleantes na morfologia e nas propriedades do polipropileno moldado por injeção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-25)
Abreu, Andressa Argani
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Lucas, Alessandra de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9754332336954137
Samples of a polypropylene (PP) homopolymer were nucleated with three different nucleating agents: 1,3:2,4-bis (3,4-dimethylobenzylideno) sorbitol (DMDBS), bis(4-propylbenzylidene) propilsorbitol (propilsorbitol), and lithium 2,2-methylene-bis (4,6- di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphate (lithium organophosphate) at different concentrations. The influence of these additives on the PP morphology was studied by polarized light optical microscopy (PLOM) with hot stage, atomic force microscopy (AFM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) wide angle x-ray diffraction (WAXD), and small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). The influence of these additives in flow induced crystallization was verified through rheological analysis, optical, mechanical and thermomechanical properties were also evaluated. An increase in lamella thickness and long period was verified in nucleated samples by SAXS, and rheological analysis revealed that pure PP is more sensitive to flow-induced orientation than nucleated samples. Microscopy analysis showed that the crystalline morphology of nucleated PP is formed by a fibrillar transcrystalline structure, which reduces the interaction of the crystalline phase with visible light, and the sample containing lithium organophosphate forms the structure with most refined fibrils. All nucleating agents, in every concentration evaluated, proved to be efficient regarding the beginning of crystallization, improving optical properties and enhancing the polymer stiffness. However, changes in the concentration of the additives DMDBS and propilsorbitol influenced some of the final properties of the samples, while the sample containing lithium organophosphate did not show variations, regardless of the additive content used. It can be said that lithium organophosphate provides a better cost-benefit than the other nucleating agents evaluated, once a smaller amount of additive is needed to achieve similar results
Produção de concretos autoadensáveis com baixo consumo de cimento e sua influência na aderência aço-concreto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-25)
Barboza, Lucas da Silva
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Almeida Filho, Fernando Menezes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0447825383222965
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1159705362571916
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) must simultaneously exhibit high fluidity, cohesion and absence of segregation. However, the maintenance of these properties in the fresh state requires a greater consumption of binders and additions, and consequently generating a cost increase in the manufacture of the concrete. In this context, the present work seeks to evaluate the feasibility of the production of Self-Adhesive Concretes with Low Cement Consumption (SCCLCC), determining their properties in the fresh and hardened state. Appropriate inputs for the CAABCC dosage were selected, characterized and the optimal voids index at the packaging step between the aggregates determined. Self-compacting concrete with reduced cement content, with high compressive strength and cement consumption indices of 4.50 to 5.45 kg / m³. MPa-1 at 28 days were reached, in which these values are below those obtained for this type of concrete. These results demonstrate that even under low cement content dosing conditions, the properties in the fresh and hardened state were maintained, thus not suffering significant losses in relation to the reference concrete. Therefore, the results indicate that SCCLCC production with the necessary flowability, satisfactory resistance and reduced cement consumption is feasible. This makes SCC more efficient, with significant cost reductions and environmental impact without compromising its properties.
Uma arqueologia do conceito de langue no curso de linguística geral e no proposições para uma semiologia e uma linguística
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-25)
Donatti, Silvério Guazzelli
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Signori, Mônica Baltazar Diniz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5524678730650668
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5543385065293549
The present research will be based on the work of the Archeology of knowledge of Michel Foucault, an analysis of two saussurians discursive formations, with a view to the apprehension of the relations involving the concept of langue present in the works that compose our corpus, namely: the Course of General Linguistics, organized and edited by Charles Bally and Albert Sechehaye in France in 1916, and the Propositions for a Semiology and a Linguistics, a materialistic proposal articulated by Carlos Henrique de Escobar in Brazil in 1973. Our hypothesis was denied of a possible mutual re-elaboration between both discursive formations, through the concept of langue, due to the incompatibilities in the base of the discursive events that surround the concept.
Caracterização fenotípica e molecular dos mecanismos de resistência aos beta-lactâmicos em linhagens clínicas de Klebsiella pneumoniae isoladas do Amazonas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-25)
Souza, Rosineide Cardoso de
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Camargo, Ilana Lopes Baratella da Cunha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4104096171600845
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5739753892325187
Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to beta-lactams are present in hospitals worldwide and reduce treatment alternatives. In this study, 40 K. pneumoniae isolates were characterized. All of them were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics and classified as multidrug resistant. Among these, eight isolates were resistant to carbapenems and six of which had the gene blaKPC-2, encoding the enzyme Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC). The blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes were found in 80% of the samples. The 40 isolates were grouped into 12 pulses (A to L) according to the genetic similarity determined by the DNA macro-restriction followed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. A total of 20 isolates were classified as pulsotype A, which was subdivided into 13 subtypes (A1 to A13), with subtype A1 being the most prevalent. Representatives of pulsotype A belong to the ST11, clonal complex CC258. In this study, we identified four new STs: ST2540, ST2308, ST2258, and ST2307. AMKP5 and AMKP2, belonging to subtypes A7 and A8, respectively, are resistant to carbapenems but did not present the blaKPC gene. Sequencing of the AMKP5 genome indicated mutations in the C-terminal region of the OmpK36 porin which may alter the entry of carbapenems into the cell. Genome sequencing of the AMKP10 isolate identified the plasmid pAMKP10, with 48.454 bp belonging to the IncX5 incompatibility group. In this plasmid, the blaKPC-2 gene was found in a non-Tn4401 genetic element (NTEKPC) containing tnpA-ISEc63-like / tnpR-Tn3 / tnpA-ISKpn27 / blaKPC-2 / ΔISKpn6, based on Tn1722. All isolates with the blaKPC-2 gene had the same plasmid. Conjugation of this plasmid to Escherichia coli J53 occurred from ST11 isolates with low conjugation frequencies (8.23 x 10-12 to 1.31 x 10-7) resulting in resistance to carbapenems. Finally, the outbreak of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae resistant of this Amazonian hospital involved the transfer of the NTEKPC-containing pAMKP10 between two lineages (ST11 and ST2302) but was largely due to the clonal dissemination of the ST11 endemic lineage.
Efeitos do treinamento dos músculos do assoalho pélvico individual versus individual com progressão para grupo versus em grupo para mulheres com incontinência urinária de esforço: ensaio clínico randomizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-25)
Figueiredo, Vilena Barros de
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Driusso, Patricia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6372731373304247
The International Continence Society has defined urinary incontinence (UI) as any involuntary loss of urine, which can be classified into several types, most commonly reported in the literature are stress urinary incontinence, urge incontinence and mixed incontinence (association between stress symptoms and urgency). Pelvic floor muscle training (TMAP) is recommended as the first conservative treatment option for urinary incontinence in women and can be practiced individually or in a group. This thesis was composed by two studies. Study I aimed to: Evaluate the effects of individual physical therapy versus individual treatment with group progression versus group-only training in women with stress urinary incontinence. This was a randomized clinical trial. Ninety women over 18 years of age and with complaints of stress urinary incontinence (including those who had complaints of mixed urinary incontinence) were included. The mean age of study participants was 53 ± 12.5 years. After the intervention, the severity measurement improved in all three groups (p <0.001). The benefits of TMAP were maintained 3 and 6 months after completion of supervised training. The groups whose individual and individual training with progression to the group had a significant improvement in pelvic floor muscle function when compared to that trained only in the group after 12 training sessions (p <0.001). Study II aimed to evaluate the responsiveness of Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 (PFDI-20) and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire-7 (PFIQ-7) questionnaires. These questionnaires were designed to evaluate the occurrence of pelvic floor dysfunctions and how much these dysfunctions affect the quality of life. This was a prospective observational study with 72 women with urinary incontinence. The participants answered the questionnaires PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 before and after the TMAP. Seventy-two women (mean age 51.8 ± 11.9) with stress urinary incontinence (n = 33) and mixed urinary incontinence (n = 39) were recruited. PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 Portuguese version (Brazil) presented moderate responsiveness after TMAP and can be safely used by physiotherapists to use them in their practices.
Investigação dos mecanismos neurobiológicos envolvidos nas propriedades reforçadoras, sensibilização locomotora e reinstalação da autoadministração de etanol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-26)
Bianchi, Paula Cristina
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Cruz, Fábio Cardoso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4804337113083801
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Planeta, Cleopatra da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2514762545280942
Alcohol is the most consumed drug in Brazil and in many other countries in the world. The high rate of relapse in alcohol-dependent individuals remains a central challenge for treating alcoholism. Several studies in human and animal models of addiction show that environmental stimuli associated with previous drug use can provoke relapse to drug use. However, the neurobiological mechanisms involved in the alcohol relapse induced by environmental stimuli are not fully understood. Recent studies have been demonstrated that the synaptogenic effect of matricellular protein Hevin can promote striatal neuroplasticity that can modulate motivational properties of drugs. Despite that, the role of Hevin in alcohol addiction related behaviors has not been investigated. In the present study, we investigated the participation of pre-limbic cortex (PL); orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and nucleus accumbens (NAc) in the context-induced reinstatement of alcohol-seeking in rats. We also evaluated the effect of Hevin inhibition in astrocytes or parvalbumin interneurons (PV) in the striatum on ethanol consumption, ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) and locomotor sensitization in mice. Our results demonstrated that: a) there were no differences between male and female rats in the reinstatement of alcohol-seeking behavior; b) re-exposure to the drug-context reinstated alcohol-seeking and increased Fos expression in the OFC, PL and NAc core and shell; c) reversible inactivation of the OFC or NAc core attenuated context-induced reinstatement of alcohol-seeking; d) there was more activation of the PL – NAc core pathway in the animals exposed to the drug-context, compared to those that were exposed to the extinction-context; e) inhibition of astrocytic Hevin into NAc did not alter ethanol consumption, but decreased alcohol-induced CPP; f) inhibition of astrocytic and neuronal Hevin in the dorsal striatum decreased locomotor sensitization induced by alcohol; and g) repeated alcohol injections in mice increased the volume of dendritic compartments of PV interneurons in the dorsal striatum.
Estudo da resistência à corrosão intergranular do aço inoxidável austenítico f138 - perspectiva de desempenho após Deformação Plástica Severa (DPS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-26)
Rodrigues, Rodolfo de Souza
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Kliauga, Andrea Madeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3527528295399928
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2760387813535332
Austenitic stainless steels are widely used in heating and cooling circuits of thermoelectric and nuclear power plants (NPP) in the storage and reprocessing of nuclear fuels, mainly because they have good processability, high resistance to corrosion and creep. In particular in thermonuclear applications there is, however, the trouble of swelling caused by the nucleation of He voids and bubbles within the irradiated material and the increased sensitivity to intergranular corrosion due to the acceleration by diffusion of alloying elements in the material. Using severe plastic deformation (DPS) by the equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), an increase in the bondary area can be achieved as well as an increase in the density of dislocation enhancing He trapping in these regions. In relation to intergranular corrosion, the mechanism acting in most cases is the sensitization caused by precipitation in boundary grain of chromium-rich phases such as Cr23C6 and intermetallic precipitates. Increased plastic deformation (above 15%) can accelerate the sensitization process in austenitic stainless steels. In order to evaluate the effect of DPS on the corrosion resistance in oxidizing media, the ASTM 262 Practice C test was performed on a ASTM F138 steel after solubilization (1h at 1100oC), sensitization (240h at 850oC) and ECAP (7 passes at 300oC). Microstructural characterization was performed to analyze the sensitization process and to verify the corrosion mechanisms using Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) together with X-ray Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (EDS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Mapping of crystallographic orientation by diffraction patterns in MET, X-ray Diffraction (DR-X) and X-ray Excited Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). It was verified that while the sensitized material underwent intergranular corrosion the solubilized and ECAP material were subjected to gerenal corrosion. The mass loss in HNO3 was larger for general corrosion than for intergranular corrosion. The passive film of the ECAP sample contained more Chromium III and Molybdenum than in the solubilized sample, and therefore presented higher resistance to corrosion in the HNO3 medium. The sensitized material presented precipitates with high concentration of chromium and molybdenum leaving the surrounding regions more susceptible to intergranular corrosion and by pites. The film formed on the surface of the sensitized samples presented higher amount of the Chromium VI oxide in relation to the solubilized samples and ECA7x. This oxide is less resistant to acid corrosion than Chromium III oxide. The passive film of the ECAP sample contained more Chromium III and Molybdenum than in the solubilized sample, and therefore presented higher resistance to corrosion in the HNO3 medium.
Avaliação da produção de biopolímeros pelas cepas bacterianas DsA.N042 e DsA.N049 isoladas de Diabrotica speciosa usando subprodutos industriais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-10-26)
Denadae, Bárbara Evelin
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Souza, Clovis Wesley Oliveira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0781683628437007
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Forim, Moacir Rossi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1234565160573730
The global development has enabling the improvement of daily life to human. However, the large production of manufactured materials such as plastics, it has generating environmental unbalanced, especially when they are discarded in an inappropriate manner. Due to this environmental concern, several researches have been carried out looking for materials as same mechanical properties of petroleum-based plastics, however, plastic-environmental friendly. In this context, bioplastics are a good alternative to replacing the petroleum-based plastics since they can be obtained in production processes that are less aggressive to the environment, and easily degraded. Microorganisms such as bacteria are a important source of the bioplastics. They can synthesize them naturally when subjected to specific growth conditions. Another advantage to the use of bacteria in the biotechnological production of (bio) molecules is the use of alternative substrates such as industrial waste (subproducts). Thus, the present study aimed to identify two strains of bacteria from Diabrotica speciosa's gut using 16S rDNA sequencing methodologies, and through fatty acid profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, as well as to assess their technical and economic viability in the production of biopolymers using industrial subproducts. It was not possible to identify the strains at species level, suggesting new species not described in the literature yet. However, the genera found for the strains in this study were identified as Aureimonas sp. and Delftia sp. The results for the fatty acid profiling showed a wider variety of molecules for Delftia sp. (15 different types) than to Aureimonas sp. (10 types of molecules), although both of they contained palmitic and stearic acid as major compounds. The investigated microorganisms were able of to use glycerol and whey as sources of nutrients to produce biopolymers (polyhydroxyalkanoates), in different concentrations. For Aureimonas sp., the concentration of glycerol and whey that presented the highest yield of biopolymer recovery were 2.0 and 10.0% (v/v), respectively. In its turn, the results for Delftia sp. indicated that 6.0 and 5.0% (v/v) of glycerol and whey, respectively, were the best concentrations evaluated to production of biopolymers in all treatments. The batch using whey at 5.0% (v/v) and the strain of Delftia sp., it produced 38.7% of PHB/cell dry weight, proving the feasibility of the use of the subproducts such as whey to produce biopolymers, as well as the importance to look for microorganisms in new microbiomes.