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A consolidação institucional da Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil: prerrogativas conquistadas desde sua fundação até a Constituição de 1988
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-08)
Souza, Lucilly Maria Caetano de
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Noronha, Eduardo Garuti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6908348693613769
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3641122978154041
This research aims to analyse the history of institutionalization of the Brazilian Bar Association (OAB). Although it was created as a professional organization, the Order has managed, over time, to accumulate institutional prerogatives to the corporate functions of class, with strong action in the political and social scene, as well as in the constitutional scope. The wide temporal gap adopted in this research (1930 to 1988) is precisely to understand the ‘institutionalization’ of the organization, as well as the consolidation of a new democratic State of Law, with the promulgation of the Federal Constitution in 1988. It adopts the theoretical perspective of the historical institutionalism because it is the theoretical line that provides the best instruments for the understanding of organizations that acquire institutional characteristics. The Order has become an institution of a hybrid nature. Created to represent a professional category, it began to act and influence at varying levels of power. These characteristics contributed to her gaining prominence in the different political periods of Brazilian history. The OAB became an even more influential actor when acquiring constitutional prerogatives, including its participation and intervention in the organization of political power. The qualitative methodology was used based on extensive literature and documentary research, including legislation and other legal documents issued during the established period of time.
A aprendizagem de catálise enzimática por meio de casos: proposta para o ensino de química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-09)
Goulart, Thiago Pereira
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Marques, Clélia Mara de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451284088402660
The fundamental aim of provoking innovative forms of knowledge construction in Chemistry during basic education requires the instrumentalization of strategies that can show re-significances of pedagogical practices and understandings about learning in Chemistry, as well as in the other Natural Sciences. Thus, the present study started from the foundations of the strategies of resolution of Investigative Cases and Reflexive Portfolios in order to propose a situation of learning from the enzymatic chemical reactions. The paper proposed the resolution of an Investigative Case written for the specific purpose of which Secondary School students of a private college, approaching a situation related to the daily life of a student of the same series. The writing of the case sought to value the construction of the empathy of the students who would solve it, as a way to dynamize the identification and construction of meanings by them regarding the problem situation presented in the case. The resolution steps were recorded in Reflective Portfolios, and from the totality of these reports produced the body of data used to analyze the reports was extracted. The work of orientations, discussion and resolution of cases involved individual and work steps and group discussions. The main objective of the present study is the characterization of ways in which the development of strategies that value the autonomy, the reflexive character and the identification of the learning objects within the daily life of the students can be possible. From the analysis of the results, four analytical categories emerged that characterize this strategy: the identification of the enzymatic reactions in the daily life of the character of the case; a progressively complex discussion about the structure of the substances and the chemical reactions in which they participate; the identification and discussion of the energy distribution characteristic in determining the occurrence of specific chemical reactions; and, finally, an analysis of the way in which critical judgments are made by the subjects of learning about the sources and the quality of the information they use to support their discourses. Based on the analyzes carried out, it is intended the formulation of a guide with guidelines for teachers and students on how to use investigative cases and reflexive Portfolios in their learning strategies, which concludes the study. One of the possibilities is to join the characteristics, data and discussions present in the Study, elements for an epistemological foundation regarding how it may be possible to raise knowledge in Chemistry from the two instruments presented in the Study - the Cases and the Portfolios - teaching practices that allow expanded views on knowledge, encompassing several areas and different forms of language. The study was carried out in a step-by-step manner, with each one of them orienting the teacher-researcher to the students' own demands. In this way, it was possible to describe learning paths and mechanisms from the forms of reports and reflection presented in the Reflective Portfolios.
Algoritmos genéticos multiobjetivo para classificação hierárquica de elementos transponíveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-09)
Pereira, Gean Trindade
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Cerri, Ricardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6266519868438512
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3765060702388111
In Machine Learning (ML), commonly a classification problem consists of associating an instance to only one class within an usually small number of classes. However, there are more complex problems involving dozens and even hundreds of classes arranged in a hierarchical structure, which are known in the literature as Hierarchical Classification (HC) problems. In these problems, an instance is assigned not only to one class but also to its superclasses, and two approaches called Global and Local are often used in HC. In the Local Approach, multiple classifiers are trained using local information from classes, while in the Global Approach a single classifier is induced to deal with the entire class hierarchy, which makes it more interpretable. One of the fields of greatest application of HC is Bioinformatics, where tools that explore hierarchical relationships in data and/or made use of ML are still scarce. In addition, an issue that is important for both Bioinformatics and HC fields, and which is not always given due attention, is the interpretability of the models. In the context of Bioinformatics, a topic that is gaining attention is the study and classification of Transposable Elements (TEs), which are DNA fragments capable of moving inside the genome of their hosts. According to recent research, TEs are responsible for mutations in several organisms, including the human genome, which guaranteed them the nickname of great responsible for the genetic variability of species. In this work, three global methods based on Genetic Algorithms that evolve classification rules applied to HC of TEs were proposed and investigated, and in two of them, Multi-Objective Approaches were implemented in order to better deal with the predictive performance and interpretability objectives. The first one is a traditional optimization method called Hierarchical Classification with a Genetic Algorithm (HC-GA), which was used as the basis for the development of the others. The second method is called Hierarchical Classification with a Weighted Genetic Algorithm (HC-WGA), and implements the Weighted Sum Approach. The third method is called Hierarchical Classification with a Lexicographic Genetic Algorithm (HC-LGA), which follows the Lexicographic Approach. Experiments with the TEs class taxonomy developed by Wicker et al. (2007), have shown that the proposed methods have achieved better or competitive results with the state-of-the-art HC methods from the literature, with the advantage of generating interpretable rule models. When compared to the popular global method Clus-HMC, the proposed methods presented better predictive performance in addition to producing less rules with a fewer tests. In the comparisons with the homology tools BLASTn and RepeatMasker, the hierarchical methods achieved superior results in both datasets and were able to classify all the instances, different from what occurred in those tools. Moreover, it was verified that the two multi-objective methods not only obtained the best results for the two datasets used but they also surpassed the simple optimization method with statistical significance.
Níveis de ADAM10 no líquido cefalorraquidiano e soro de indivíduos com doença de Alzheimer
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-12)
Peron, Rafaela Cardoso
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Cominetti, Márcia Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3725318894555272
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9430355799330389
Researchers have pointed out that the identification of ADAM10 as a biomarker can be an important tool to aid in the clinical diagnosis of AD. The proposal of ADAM10 as a biomarker occurs because it is involved in different physiological and pathological processes, including AD. Studies indicate that ADAM10 platelet levels are lower in patients with AD compared to healthy subjects, however, there are few studies on the expression and activity of this protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This study was based on the hypothesis that levels of inactive ADAM10 in CSF and serum are increased in AD compared to cognitively healthy subjects. We evaluated levels and activity of ADAM10 in CSF and serum of patients with AD dementia and mild neurocognitive disorder (TNCL). The participants were submitted to clinical and neurological evaluations, and later CSF and serum samples were collected. The data obtained were analyzed in a database to perform descriptive statistical analyzes, considering statistical significance of 5% (p <0.05). It was possible to demonstrate that levels of soluble ADAM10 are elevated in the CSF and blood serum of patients with AD. Enzyme assays demonstrated absence of ADAM10 activity in serum and CSF, with the presence of ADAM10 activity in platelets. These results allow us to conclude that increased levels of ADAM10 in CSF and serum correspond to the inactive protein and strengthen ADAM10 as a biomarker for AD.
Lean Office aplicado ao fluxo documental de uma Universidade Pública visando à adequação à Legislação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-12)
Boriolo, Raquel Ottani
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Carvalho, Angela Maria Carneiro de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3860073481051842
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Lizarelli, Fabiane Letícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4525431419326559
Document Management is a strategical activity in organization, because it provides a series of procedures which are related to its production, proceeding, use, assessment, and archiving of frequently or less frequently used documents, besides providing the correct destination for documents by eliminating those which do not have a historical value or collecting them, in case they have any value, therefore assuring their conservation. In public organizations, Document Management constitutes the process that can ensure law enforcement concerning documents protection and keeping, besides promoting archiving efficiency. However, according to the literature, Brazilian national archives have many problems in their document flow. Lean Office is an approach used for administrative processes, which helps at identifying and eliminating problems and waste, as well as streamlining and adding value to those activities. Thus, its applicability improves document flow in Brazilian national archives. The present research aimed at implementing Lean Office tools at the document flow by an administrative sector of a public university with the goal of optimizing the process and making it appropriate concerning the Document Management of the National Archives. The exploratory research was carried out at a public sector of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) and it has a qualitative approach as a basis for its development. The methodological procedures were bibliographical research, documental research and a case study. The Lean Office tool Value Stream Mapping has enabled the recognition of flow document activities which add value to the process and those which do not add value and, therefore, could be eliminated. It has also allowed the observation of flow inadequacies related to what is proposed by the National Archive. This research has identified that there were many problems because the activities in the sector were not guided by Document Management, such as the absence of a standard among the archiving teams in order to ease the search for a document in a current and intermediate archive by anyone; some documents do not have identification of the necessary information to have a destination after finishing the keeping deadline, so they could be eliminated or sent to the permanent file, resulting in document accumulation; some archives do not ensure document conservation, which can cause the loss of documents with historical value; the sectors do not have clear procedures and the teams are not trained. Other Lean Office tools were used in this research, such as: A3 report, assisted by the tool 5 Whys, analyzing the problems and inade0quecies origins; 5W1H to contribute with action proposition of countermeasures suggested at the A3 report and 5S to assist at planning the implementations of the action plan propositions. By using these tools, it was possible to present a future proposal, transforming or eliminating problems and inadequacies, which enabled the proposition of adequacy actions and streamlining processes, making them more effective and less expensive. It has also facilitated the creation of a document flow which is in accordance with Document Management. As a conclusion, Lean Office is able to improve document flow in public organizations and Lean Office tools can be applied to document flow, aiming at enhancing efficiency and adequacy to the rules of the National Archive concerning Document Management.
Seleção de aditivos de sinterização e processamento cerâmico visando otimização da microestrutura do eletróllto sólido BaZr0,8Y0,2O3-δ
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-12)
Wendler, Leonardo Pacheco
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Souza, Dulcina Maria Pinatti Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4100119317525940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7094050586166841
In this thesis, we investigated the production of Yttrium-doped Barium Zirconate proton-conducting electrolytes with 20 at.% of Yttrium (BaZr0.8Y0.2O3-δ) via solid state reaction. The great challenge presented by this material is its refractory nature, which limits densification as well as grain growth at temperatures below 1700⁰C. The influence of sintering additives on the microstructural development and on the formation of desired phase were also investigated. The literature is lacking on this subject, since there is no consensus concerning the mechanisms of action of sintering additives, and most times, ceramic processing fundaments are not taken in to consideration. In this thesis Aluminum oxide, Zinc oxide and Yttrium-Barium cuprate were selected as additives, being that the latter has not yet been reported in the literature. Compositions without additives were also prepared for comparison purposes. Samples with densification greater than 97% after sintering at 1600⁰C were obtained even without sintering additives and with a mean grain size of 1.40 μm. The results obtained in this thesis show that the real purpose of using certain sintering additives is to affect the formation of yttrium-rich secondary crystalline phase, which remains in grain boundary, hinders grain growth, and damages electrical conductivity. The addition of Al2O3 favored the formation of the secondary phase, limiting grain growth severely. The addition of ZnO minimized the formation of the secondary phase and promoted liquid phase formation, which in turn favored densification from as early as 1300⁰C, but effective grain growth occurred only at 1600⁰C, reaching an average grain size of 2.70 μm. However, the presence of liquid phase lead to grain boundaries with a blocking effect on protonic movement. Yttrium-Barium cuprate (YBC) worked effectively as sintering additive, leading to samples with densification higher than 95% after sintering at 1300⁰C and free of the yttrium-rich secondary phase. The best electrical performance was obtained with samples sintered at 1600⁰C, with a mean grain size of 2.40 μm, non-blocking grain boundary, and total proton conductivity of 9.0x10-3S.cm-1 at 500⁰C, which is about 20% higher than samples without additives.
Fazer mulher, fazer lei: uma etnografia da produção de leis no Congresso Nacional Brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-12)
Potechi, Bruna
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Machado, Igor José de Renó
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4705450652848752
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0123931942250225
This ethnography on the law-making process explores woman as a legal category through documents and public records from the Chamber of Deputies in Brasília. The thesis focuses on the running of Bill 1399 from 2003 that proposed a Statute of the Woman, which was later handed over to a Special Committee—the Special Committee of the Statute of the Woman—created in 2004 during the “Year of Woman” in the Chamber of Deputies. In order to analyse documents and public records of the Committees and bills I was following I had to widen my gaze by looking at different records of the same meetings, by attending several committees, comparing speeches in different meetings or even by connecting scenes outside of the Congress with the ones inside it. This approach made visible what I call “gaps”, found in legal documents and the law-making process. Looking at such gaps in legal documents reveal contradictions in women´s rights in Brazilian law and the multiple ways of describing woman as a legal subject, while gaps in the law-making process point to the lack of information in documents, intentional perspectives in records, and diverging descriptions of the same scenes. In this, the role of female deputies stood out, who as women could experience their own law-making process. This double and feminine position would, I argue, eclipse them as politicians and marginalize Committees and topics on woman´s issues inside Brazil´s legislative process.
Utilização da tecnologia RFID na automação do canteiro de obras visando à melhoria da segurança do trabalho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-13)
Oliveira, Victor Hugo Mazon de
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Serra, Sheyla Mara Baptista
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8528385567782505
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6922605453256377
The economic expression of the construction industry in relation to the national economic structure establishes it as one of the main sectors of the national production chain. On the other hand, the sector faces problems such as the high rate of occupational accidents and the high waste of resources. This context provides the opportunity to introduce new technologies for the development of management tools in order to make the work environment more efficient, integrated, and secure. In this sense, the proposed research aims to develop a system for monitoring and controlling fall risk areas and managing safety equipment using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. It is expected with this study to demonstrate the viability of the proposed system by identifying its contribution to reducing the risk of accidents on the construction site using information technology as remote monitoring tools. The research method adopted is based on Design Science Research (DSR) to support the problem solving and the development of an artifact based on RFID technology. The proposed control and monitoring system assemble two distinct functions: (1): monitoring and control of risks of falls from heights and (2) monitoring and control of collective safety equipment. To coordinate and unify the two functions, it was developed the software entitled: “Monitoramento da Segurança do Canteiro de Obras via RFID” and an app for the Andoid platform entitled: “Monitora RFID”. The software and the app manage the tool functions by storing and organizing the database. The results are generated using spreadsheets, graphics, and plan images. The testing routine combines laboratory testing for methodology development and validation and testing at an operating site for system verification in a real building environment. The results introduce a system organized by a protocol of procedures for the reproduction and application of the tool. The tests validated the proposal and the results were consistent demonstrating the partial operational viability of the system.
Experimentos demonstrativos para o estudo do eletromagnetismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-14)
Monteiro, Hudson Roberto
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Silva, Adriana de Oliveira Delgado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2707979913713089
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5231542208528700
Science is fundamental for our existence. Physics is among the subjects upon which science is based. Besides being of extreme importance in the understanding of concepts related to the existence of human beings and on laws that govern the universe, it can also contribute to a civic awareness education through a teaching method oriented to students' daily situations. Unfortunately, there is a shortage of experimental practice on physical and natural sciences in Brazil, with excessive dependence on course material, expository method, number of classes reduced and teachers’ insufficient qualification. Given these circumstances, this thesis was idealized as a proposal to facilitate students learning concerning electromagnetism and Maxwell's laws. Therefore, a manual for the construction of electromagnetism experiments was devised and applied, in 2017, to a group of senior high school students at a public school located in the State of São Paulo. That aimed to develop students’ motivation regarding science studying tied to investigative experimentation. The activities were conducted for about eighteen weeks and involved preparation, elaboration, presentation in class with discussion, and final presentation to the community of the projects selected by students with the teacher's orientation. Concurrently, the teacher presented concepts related to the experiments investigated by the students. The utilization of the class content done with the proposed method comparing to the traditional method was analyzed from the number of correct answer rates in tests. The results of the 2016 class – control group – were compared to the 2017 class – experimental group. The 2016 class had a 41,2 % of correct answers rate whereas the 2017 class had a 50,9% which suggests the practice allowed for better students’ performance.
Teoria de Markowitz e programação linear para formação de uma carteira ótima de investimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-14)
Dias, Denis Pereira
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Carvalho, Silvia Maria Simões de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8244087426759161
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8781695341922322
The study presented in this dissertation aims to select an optimal portfolio of investments. To do so, we use the literature that deals with linear programming, coupled with Markowitz Modern Portfolio Theory to model and solve two linear programming problems that resulted in the composition of two portfolios, considering conservative and less conservative investor proﬁles. For the modeling of the problems, a technical analysis was performed on the assets that were previously selected for the composition of the portfolio. The selection of the assets took into account some statistical parameters, such as weighted arithmetic mean and correlation coeﬃcient. Considering that the experts’ forecasts indicated that the year 2018 would be favorable to investments in the Stock Exchange, the results obtained in this work agreed with this statement. However, as it is a technical analysis, it is concluded that the results presented do not guarantee a practical eﬃciency of the same, however, they serve to guide the investment activities.
A interdisciplinaridade como tecnologia de ação comunicativa: uma análise hermenêutico-dialética
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-19)
Silva, Marco Donizete Paulino da
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Gracioso, Luciana de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1474293377346927
We start from the perception that there is a crisis at the scientific level - by the resistance to remodeling the paradigm of Modern Science in the face of complex contemporary reality - and at the socio-environmental level - by maintaining a state of production and consumption that is incongruent with the limitations of resources of the planet. From this understanding, it was argued that a solution perspective would be to find efficient communication possibilities between a General Epistemology - resulting from socio-cultural interaction at individual, national and global level - and a Regional Epistemology - resulting from the interaction of forces between Social Agents belonging to Systemic Social Spaces. In the perspective of this work, a possibility would be established through Interdisciplinarity as a technology of mediation between such epistemes. In this context, our objective was to understand the space of epistemological construction of science in a contemporary global context and the relation of Interdisciplinarity to this process, identifying characteristics of the concept in the midst of its uses as technology, efficient component of the process of communicational action between theoretical enunciative systems (World of Systems) and the general context of enunciation (World of Life). The concepts used as a basis for evaluation of these interactions were the concepts of Communicative Action, Public Sphere, Rationality, and Pretension of Validity - developed by Jurgen Habermas, as well as definitions about the concept of Interdisciplinarity. The research was divided in two stages: Stage 1, establishment of the state of the art of the concept of Interdisciplinarity and its relations with the concept of Epistemology, and exploration of these relations in historical, sociological and philosophical level through concepts belonging to Science, Technology and Society; and, Stage 2, study of theoretical scientific systems expressed in statements recorded in theoretical-reflexive texts subdivided into documentary corpora characterized in this stage as: Corpus 1) texts produced in the period of 1972, belonging to a report of a Congress on Interdisciplinarity (carried out in 1970); Corpus 2) texts produced from 1976-2011 by theorists who approached the conceptual meaning of the terms Interdisciplinarity and Interdisplinary. The methods by which the documentary materials were approached were: in Step 1, Literature Review; and, Step 2, Hermeneutic-Dialectic Analysis Method, having as auxiliary instrument the PMEST, an instrument of categorization of assemblages developed by the Indian Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan. From the obtained results one could point out: identification of the mismatch between a current epistemological reality and the notion of employment of modern science; identification of Interdisciplinarity as an effective Communicative Action technology; identification of argumentative appropriation of statements about the concept of Interdisciplinarity and Interdisciplinary in the order of instrumental and normative communicative actions; and, innovation of the Hermeneutic-dialectical method of analysis through the addition of the PMEST instrument.
Cidade maravilha, purgatório da beleza e do caos: pureza, desejo e perigo na representação de favelas cariocas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-19)
Postigo, Evelyn Louyse Godoy
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Feltran, Gabriel de Santis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6789864439048444
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3474384732649488
The understanding of Rio de Janeiro's favelas as a problem is not recent. The representations of poverty territories and violent territories have guided the type of interaction that is established with these territories and their populations. However, more recently, tourism in favelas, which was only punctual and with little relevance, is consolidated as a practice, bringing with it other representations and relationships. Based on Urban Sociology epistemology, this research aimed to identify and analyze Rio de Janeiro's favelas as a representation of a microssocial dimension to understand more structural aspects that influence the relationship established with these territories and the place they occupy in the city. For this purpose, the multisituated ethnography was developed, which included field research in some pacified favelas in Rio de Janeiro and analysis of websites regarding agencies that work with tourism in favelas. The time frame of this research lies in the duration of the largest scale program in Rio de Janeiro's favelas contemporaneously: the Pacifying Police Units - PPU. This Public Safety program was elaborated in the face of the state's confirmation of the need for urban restructuring, especially to contain urban violence - even though recent events point to its permanent suspension. In this context, some pacified favelas consolidate themselves as tourist points of the city without, however, breaking the popular imaginary that they are territories of poverty and the main source of the urban violence in Rio de Janeiro's capital. The sustained hypothesis is that, nowadays, the favela representation crosses elements starting from the understanding that they are territories of poverty and crime, tourist point and war zone, resulting in the polarized perspectives of being a population at risk and of risk and triggering, at the same time, the feelings of repulsion and desire. Given this scenario, this thesis presents the portrait of a moment in which representations around purity, desire, danger and, in the limit, war coexist and, contextually, cross spaces and bodies of those who live there.
Propriedades mecânicas e correlação dos parâmetros de FSW e DS-FSW em alta velocidade na liga AA2050-T84, para a indústria aeronáutica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-19)
Ferreira, Felipe Santini
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Plaine, Athos Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8992899102845408
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Alcântara, Nelson Guedes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3123107570992184
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) and DS-FSW (double pass FSW) processes were employed in the aluminum AA 2050 T-84 plate joints aiming to make possible to increase the welding speed above 5 mm / s, to obtain welds with optimized properties in relation to the base metal and to study the effects of the final microstructure. Microstructures of the welded joints were analyzed by optical microscopy and EBSD technique, to verify microstructure evolution and to find process defects formations. Mechanical properties were evaluated by microhardness and tensile tests, the results were used to find the conditions within the optimized welding parameters window. Fracture surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Thermal analyzes were measured by thermocouples to correlate the temperature peaks with the microstructural transformations. Fatigue tests were performed to verify the applicability in aeronautical structures. Finally, were performed welding by FSW with water cooling (WC-FSW) to reduce thermal cycle effects. The results obtained in this work showed satisfactory performance for FSW and DS-FSW, at high welding speeds were found to be suitable for the production of similar joints of the AA 2050-T84 alloy, with applications for the aeronautical industry. No significant difference was observed between the mechanical performance of FSW, DS-FSW and WC-FSW. The optimized condition for FSW (condition 3: 0,84 mm / s, 500 rpm, 7 mm/s) and DS-FSW (condition 2: 0,90 mm / rev, 400 rpm, 6 mm/s) resulted, respectively, yield limit, tensile strength limit and elongation of 62%, 77% and 44% and 67%, 77% and 38%, relative to that of the base material.
A bayesian nonparametric approach for the two-sample problem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-19)
Console, Rafael de Carvalho Ceregatti de
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Salasar, Luis Ernesto Bueno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5464564215528609
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5405464055196044
In this work, we discuss the so-called two-sample problem (PEARSON; NEYMAN, 1930) assuming a nonparametric Bayesian approach. Considering X 1 ,...,X n and Y 1 ,...,Y m two inde- pendent i.i.d samples generated from P 1 and P 2 , respectively, the two-sample problem consists in deciding if P 1 and P 2 are equal. Assuming a nonparametric prior, we propose an evidence index for the null hypothesis H 0 : P 1 = P 2 based on the posterior distribution of the distance d(P 1 ,P 2 ) between P 1 and P 2 . This evidence index has easy computation, intuitive interpretation and can also be justified in the Bayesian decision-theoretic context. Further, in a Monte Carlo simulation study, our method presented good performance when compared to the well known Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the Wilcoxon test as well as a recent testing procedure based on Polya tree process proposed by Holmes (HOLMES et al., 2015). Finally, we applied our method to a data set about scale measurements of three different groups of patients submitted to a questionnaire for Alzheimer’s disease diagnostic.
Políticas de educação rural no Estado de São Paulo (1889-1994): disputas e conflitos de classe pela hegemonia no bloco no poder
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-20)
Junqueira, Victor Hugo
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Bezerra, Maria Cristina dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1095065753077001
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3151153500467324
At the beginning of the 21st century, rural education became a hegemonic expression within social movements and state politics. In this context, rural education has become synonymous with backwardness, precariousness of schools, and sometimes conservative because it is tied to the interests of the ruling classes and imposed by the government on workers spreading an urbanist knowledge, or in the most recent period related to the interests of agribusiness for instrumentalization of the workers to work in the field. The distinction made in the political-theoretical debate dichotomized educational policies aimed at the rural population between those linked to the interests of capital and the rural state and those related to the interests of the workers. However, within the framework of class society, in which education assumes a universalist character, this distinction is not so simple, since it implies identifying which economic interests and which power relations support certain policies. From this understanding, it is possible to question: what is the role of educational policies directed at the rural population in the set of social relations of production? What power relations materialized in state apparatuses favored or limited rural education policies? Based on these questions the objective of this thesis is to analyze the development of rural education policies and the conditions of school attendance for the rural population in the state of São Paulo between the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the 1990s, from the economic transformations and the role of the state in reproducing conditions and social relations of production. In other words, the pretension is to emphasize how the material conditions of intensification of the capitalist relations of production and the contradictions present in the constitution of the bourgeois state were related to the politics of schooling of the rural population. Methodologically, besides the bibliographical revision, the research examined primary sources, such as the newspapers Correio Paulistano, Diário Nacional, O Combate, Diário de S. Paulo, Terra Livre, Jornal dos Sem Terra, reports of the presidents of the states (1900-1929), and after that, from the Governors of State (1936-1966), Education Yearbooks (1914, 1918, 1919, 1922, 1926, 1936-1937), as well as statistical data and information produced by state agencies such as the Fundação Seade, the Instituto de Pesquisas Econômicas Aplicadas (IPEA) and Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). The results confirm the hypothesis raised that the state politics of rural education in the state of São Paulo are part of the project of formation of bourgeois society in Brazil, whose intensity of movement (expansion - retraction) is not determined strictly by the needs of the development of the forces productive in the countryside, but also by the ideological and productive role of education for the affirmation of social relations and capitalist conditions of production, in the face of the advance of industrialization. This process reveals, however, a series of contradictions that permeate the power relations between the different class fractions, materialized in state politics.
Estudo dos efeitos da substituição de Feldspato por Filito em massas de porcelanato
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-21)
Sanchez, Miguel Yesid Hernandez
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Dondi, Michele
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4617859135105539
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Boschi, Anselmo Ortega
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3259846931278607
Porcelain stoneware tiles, porcelanatos, present excellent technical and aesthetic characteristics. In Europe, the bodies used in the manufacture of porcelain and porcelanatos are based on the classic triaxial ceramic, clay, quartz and feldspar, and the latter plays the role of flux. Bodies of this type have been thoroughly studied. In Brazil, for various reasons, virtually all the industries that produce glazed porcelain stoneware tiles replaced feldspar by the phyllites. Although this practice, the replacement of feldspar by phyllites, has already occurred for some decades, the implications of this substitution have not been properly studied. The general objective of this work was to identify and seek explanations for the differences in behavior during firing caused by the substitution of feldspar by phyllite in the bodies used in the manufacture of glazed porcelain stoneware tiles. For this, the raw materials alone, feldspar and phyllites, as well as bodies containing the same content of these raw materials, were evaluated comparatively. Based on the results produced by several characterization techniques, among them the gresification curves and the chemical composition of the vitreous phases after the firing, the following conclusions were reached: 1) the behavior of the raw materials, feldspar and phyllites during firing are quite different; 2) different phyllites exhibit significantly different behavior during firing; 3) the differences in behavior between the phyllites is mainly due to the variation of the sericite content (muscovite fine-grained mica); 4) the behavior of pure raw materials is transferred to the masses which contain them.; 5) although the minerals responsible for forming the liquid phase during firing are significantly different, a mixture of feldspar, albite and orthoclase, and sericite, the chemical compositions of the vitreous phases formed are similar; 6) the volume of liquid phase during sintering seems to be one of the main variable responsible for the observed differences in the behaviour during firing.
Evolução microestrutural e propriedades mecânicas decorrentes da solidificação das ligas Al-11%Si-xCu
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-21)
Donadoni, Bruno Monti Carmelo
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Spinelli, José Eduardo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8882038118634925
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7500412122758761
Al-Si-Cu ternary alloys are highly used and recommended to produce joints of aluminum alloys using brazing process. Dissimilar joints between these alloys and stainless steels, carbon steels and low alloy steels can also be fabricated. More specifically, the Al-Si-Cu alloys comprehend the BAlSi-3 brazing class. However, the relationships between the solidification thermal parameters, microstructural parameters and mechanical properties remains undetermined in the literature. In this manuscript the experimental relationships between the mechanical properties and the thermal and microstructural parameters of Al-11%Si-3,0%Cu and Al-11%Si-4,5%Cu ternary alloys will be outlined. Both casting alloys were solidified under transitory heat flow conditions which could be achieved thanks to the unidirectional solidification system. Samples were subjected to a representative range of microstructures due to the broad cooling rate range. Thermodynamics simulations were performed using the Thermo-Calc® software and other analysis have been made to complement the characterization such as X-Ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy. At the end, a better comprehension of the formed phases and their chemical composition has been attained. The present work proposes to develop experimental growth relationships for primary, secondary and tertiary dendrite arm spacing, 𝜆1, 𝜆2 and 𝜆3 and eutectic spacing, 𝜆𝑒 impacting the mechanical properties. The experimental results demonstrated that 50% increase in the Cu alloying (from 3.0 to 4.5 wt.%) could be operated to obtain significant variations in the dendritic length-scale of the microstructure across the produced parts. Overall the microstructures is constituted by an α -Al dendritic matrix surrounded by a ternary eutectic consisting of α-Al + Al2Cu + Si. The scale measurements committed to the Al2Cu eutectic phase pointed out that the increase in Cu alloying has a critical role on refining the ternary eutectic.
Uma análise sobre os estilos de participação entre meninas e meninos nas aulas de educação física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-21)
Bergamim, Gabriel Barbosa de Souza
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Souza Júnior, Osmar Moreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9176123942671062
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8059679311395550
Scholar Physical education is an environment in wich the students’ participation use to occur in a hierarchical way, different styles of participation can be observed and some power and protagonism relationships are established, especially in team sports. Among the factors that influence those relationships in classes are the student’s motor ability level, their biotype, the amount of class colleagues wherewith their establish relationships and the student’s sex. The scientific literature already points that the last aspect is an important marker. Two researches were used as base to data collection and analysis in current research, one recent and other with more than 30 years (JACO, 2012; GRIFFIN, 1984; GRIFFIN, 1985). Both researches found categories that describe different manners of participating in classes. The current study was characterized as ethnographic, making use of participating observation and the half strutuctured interview; and had as general objective to check wich participation styles can be identified in 6th grade Physical Education classes. The results appoint that there are different participation styles in Physical Education classes, especially the styles: Macho, Lost Soul, Nice Guy, Invisible Player, Protagonist, Figurant, Flutuant and excluded, proposed by Griffin (1984; 1985) and Jaco (2012), likewise the styles Egoist and Distracted, incorporated by the current research; and that the teacher must be alert to any situation that can negative influence on student’s motivation an interest in classes. It was concluded that the teacher should be aware that their students have different manners of understanding and appropriating the classes, being disposed to intervene on constringing situations that can exercise negative influence on students’ motivation, provoking their reflections about how they can act thinking on constructing a space in wich everyone can feel equally included and motivated to participate.
Experimentos didáticos para o ensino de estrutura atômica: motivação para o aprendizado no ensino de química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-22)
Silveira, Márcio dos Reis da
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López-Castillo, Alejandro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2599181118729458
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2878979859484873
This work proposes to educators (specific or related areas) explanatory scripts, how to make and use the experiments in an educational way, about the topics: Photoelectric Effect and Atomic Spectrum, to serve as support and unifying theory with practice. It exposes the experience of the educator, who is experiencing the problems such as evasion, disinterest, demotivation and other aggravating circumstances, which are related to the low levels of student’s participation in physics and chemistry classes, at elementary, high school and higher education with the practice of experimentation, after the theoretical content is exposed. It is shown that, in the National Curricular Proposals of these disciplines, the topics that mainly address the basic concepts pertinent to quantum mechanics are not emphasized. In this way, and through experimental activities with an approach in science, technology, society and environment, it seeks improvement in learning about the fundamental questions of the discipline, encouragement and motivation of students to participate and to teamwork. The research points out as support, this perspective of offering encouragement and motivation, the deepening of the knowledge of students in the areas of physics and chemistry, also seeking to stimulate the educator to diversify their practical classes. The work discusses the construction of experiments with alternative, recycled and low-cost materials, the suggestion of models of experiments, followed by explanatory script for its accomplishment and questionnaire, possibly the most important part of this educational study, which allows the educator to direct the experiments in a didactic and scientific manner simultaneously. The theoretical explanations, applied in a practical way in this context, awaken the interest and expectations in the students and make them understand better how the processes and physical and chemical phenomena occur through experiences performed in different levels of education.
A servitização sob a perspectiva das capacidades dinâmicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-22)
Mello, Luciana Torres Correia de
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Sagawa, Juliana Keiko
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6549481623896786
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8766771023170975
The search for implementing servitization, which has currently been discussed in organizational as well as in academic domains, demands internal and external efforts from the organizations. As a significant part of the changes required by an organization that wishes to implement servitization occurs in its internal processes, the study of capabilities (competences) have become of great importance, seeking to understand what must be adapted and/or developed to implement this new practice. However, little is known about the required capabilities to deal with this new business model and how they modify themselves. The objective of this study is to identify and characterize the dynamic and operational capabilities necessary to the practice of servitization in organizations. Therefore, dynamic and operational capabilities were identified in the literature by means of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), which returned 26 papers and pointed out 5 dynamic capabilities and 13 operational capabilities. These results confirmed the gap that exists in the literature regarding this topic, and served as constructs to conduct the case study interviews. The research method used was the study of multiple cases in organizations of different sectors that have already experienced servitization. The data analysis was performed using the Content Analysis (CA) technique. As main results, the presence of some capabilities pointed out in the literature was confirmed in the companies studied. These include the ability to learn new competencies/functions, the ability to establish partnerships with suppliers (third parties), the ability to flexibilize negotiations and contracts, the ability to assess the environment and risks, the ability to develop new products and services, the ability to customize or adapt the product, the ability to listen to customers' opinion and to identify customer needs, the capability to change and the ability technical training for employees and third parties. Some new capabilities were identified during the field research: the capability to perform maintenance and the capability to develop a service-oriented mentality. Thus, the research has brought empirical evidence of the presence of certain dynamic and operational capabilities in companies that perform the servitization, revealed the presence of other capabilities not directly mentioned in the literature and allowed to detail some of the capabilities (mainly operational) discussed in the theory. It made possible to identify practices and guidelines that foster the deployment of the capabilities needed for the servitization. Moreover, an additional analysis aimed at identifying relationships among the referred capabilities and the type of PSS that the organization wants to deploy, such as PSS oriented to the result, oriented to the use and basic services.