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Caracterização das comunidades de peixes de duas lagoas marginais na bacia do Alto Paranapanema
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-30)
Turco, Debora Pardini Lo
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David, José Augusto de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1395716206085674
;
Carmassi, Giulianna Rondineli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1483021311370862
Marginal lagoons are considered an integral part of lotic systems, interacting with rivers through the exchange of water, nutrients and living organisms. They play an important role in the maintenance of biodiversity, especially the ichthyofauna, serving as a refuge for predators, nursery and feeding grounds. This work had as objective the characterization of the ichthyofauna of two marginal lagoons of a preserved section of the Paranapanema river, in order to validate the importance of these environments for the preservation of species of fish and their function as nursery and to record the basal frequency of micronuclei and nuclear morphological abnormalities in erythrocytes of the captured fish, comparing these frequencies with the control groups of other works of the literature. In general, the ichthyofauna sampled was composed mainly of small species, with low migratory capacity and life cycle associated to the marginal lagoons, depending on them for feeding / growth or reproduction. The disparities found in the communities of these lagoons in the different campaigns may reflect the degree of connectivity of these environments to the river; since the similarity between the lagoons was greater in the second campaign, which coincided with the beginning of the rainy season. The micronucleus frequencies and nuclear anomalies showed values similar to those observed in the literature for the negative control groups of the different species analyzed, evidencing that these lagoons can be considered little impacted by pollutants.
Análise da complexidade do torque dos extensores do joelho: efeito do envelhecimento, fragilidade e exercício físico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-30)
Fiogbé, Elie
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Takahashi, Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8336705133403404
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3012093477455714
The process of physiological aging involves a series of alterations in the neuromuscular system leading to the reduction of mass and muscle force. Consequently, changes in muscle strength have been investigated in elderly individuals as a tool for detecting geriatric syndromes and declining functional capacity. Consequently, muscle force is routinely assessed in older adults as diagnostic criteria of some geriatric syndromes, and a tool for the investigation of functional capacity declines. However, unlike maximal muscle force, muscle force control indexes allow a better understanding of the neuromuscular system, providing information on the mechanisms governing force production and maintenance, reflecting the sensorimotor control of these individuals. However, several aspects remain uncertain in the study of muscle force control in the elderly. Thus, the effects of aging, muscle contraction intensity, and physical training on large postural muscles force complexity of remain unknown. Investigating these issues will have a great clinical relevance, allowing a better understanding of the age-related changes in the neuromuscular system and its responses to the multicomponent exercise program. In order to elucidate these aspects, this thesis was planned in 3 studies. The Study 1 entitled "Complexity of knee extensor torque: effect of aging and contraction intensity" aimed to investigate the effects of aging and the intensity of isometric contractions on the complexity of knee extensor torque. The results showed that although the knee extensor torque complexity is reduced in the elderly, its relation with the intensity of the contraction is similar to that of the young subjects. Study II entitled "Exercise training in older adults, what effects on muscle force control? A systematic review of randomized clinical trials" aimed to determine the magnitude of the effects of different modalities of physical training on muscle force control variables in older adults, through a systematic review of the literature. The results of this study showed that physical training has a beneficial effect on older adults’ muscle force control. Study III entitled "Effectiveness of a multicomponent training on muscle force control in pre-frail older adults: a blinded randomized controlled trial" aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a multicomponent training program in improving the functional capacity and the complexity of the torque of the patients. knee extensors in pre-frail elderly. The results of this study showed the effectiveness of the multi-component exercise program in improving knee extensor torque complexity and gait speed in pre-frail elderly.
Complexos contendo bases de Schiff simétricas e não-simétricas: I – Complexos mono- e trinucleares de Níquel(II) e de Cobre(II) com ligantes do tipo salen para oxidação de catecóis; II – Complexos de Zinco(II) com aminotroponiminatos para polimerizações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-30)
Bucalon, Daniel Haguihara
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Dockal, Edward Ralph
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6461328124491559
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2552019007817230
In this work two topics involving symmetric and non-symmetric Schiff bases were investigated. In the first part, the mono- and trinuclear complexes of nickel (II) and copper (II) were studied as catalysts in the oxidation reaction of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-catechol. A variety of structures with yields above 58% were synthesized and characterized. Regarding the structures and properties obtained, the characterization data indicate remarkable differences between the mono- and trinuclear complexes. The series of structures allowed the possibility of evaluating and correlating the stereo and electronic effects with the catalytic activities of the compounds. The nickel (II) and copper (II) trinuclear complexes showed higher catalytic efficiency than their respective mononuclear complexes. Within the series of copper (II) trinuclear complexes, the 3-ethoxy substitution compound and two methyl groups [Cu(Cu(3OEtsaldmen)}2(ClO4)2] were found to be the most efficient. It has been found that there was an increase in catalytic efficiency with the change of substituents on the aromatic ring with the sequence -OH <-H <-OMe <-OEt. Furthermore, in general, by analyzing the effect of the methyl substituents close to one of the imines, the following order to the catalytic efficiency was found: -H; -H < -H;-CH3 < -CH3;-CH3, but depending on the substituent at the postion 3 on the ring, this effect was more or less pronounced. In the second part, three new complexes of type [Zn(ATI){N (SiMe3)2}] were synthesized, characterized and tested tested in the ring-opening polymerization of the lactones β-rac-butyrolactone and rac-lactide. The ligands, with two of them unknown in the literature, were readily obtained via a three-step synthesis from tropolone. The influence of the varying metallacycle ring size on the polymerization was evaluated. In situ IR measurements indicate a higher catalytic activity of the novel aminotroponiminate complexes for β-rac-butyrolactone compared with the β-diiminate system. The activity and degree of control were further improved by an in situ generated alkoxy initiating group generated after the addition of 2-propanol. An enhanced initiator efficiency allowed the synthesis of polymers with controlled molecular weights and narrow polydispersities. Furthermore, complexes with ethyl and isopropyl groups exhibited a high activity in the ring-opening polymerization of rac-lactide. Hereby, reaction time and initiator efficiency could also be optimized at a higher temperature or by the addition of 2-propanol.
Estudo de inibidores naturais e sintéticos de cisteíno proteases
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-30)
Silva, Taynara Lopes
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Brömme, Dieter
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Vieira, Paulo Cezar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8923844563320377
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9412487106628965
This work describes in its first part the chemical study of the fungus Fusarium proliferatum looking for inhibitors of cysteine proteases, with two distinct approaches: i) The search for papain inhibitors, to understand the chemoecological interaction between plants rich in proteases and micro-organisms that can infect them; ii) the isolation of compounds that are possible human cysteine protease inhibitors. Nine metabolites were isolated, with beauvericin being the major compound in the extracts. This compound showed inhibitory activity against papain with IC50: 25.2 μM. In addition, beauvericin also showed inhibitory activity of two human cysteine proteases, CatV with IC50: 40.6 μM and CatB with IC50: 6.8 μM. In the second part of the study, synthetic compounds were evaluated for inhibition of cathepsin K. This enzyme is also a cysteine protease, papain-like, and is directly associated with the bone resorption process, where high CatK activity is related to bone diseases such as osteoporosis. Sixteen new synthetic compounds were evaluated, which presented moderate activities, low micro molar, against of CatK, using two approaches to search for inhibitors: i) inhibition of active site and ii) inhibition of exosites of enzyme. The compounds evaluated belong to three different classes, being epoxy-α-acyloxycarboxamide, epoxy-α-acylaminocarboxamide and quinolines phthalonitriles. An initial screening was performed to verify the activity of the inhibitors, then verified the potency of these inhibitors and the compounds that presented the best inhibitory activities were submitted to studies of the mechanisms of action. Molecular docking studies were also performed to understand the interactions between the protein and the inhibitor evaluated. The evaluated compounds showed moderate inhibitory activity, with the phononitriles being the ones with the highest potency, with IC50: 1.5 μM approximately. The compounds evaluated were identified as incompatible CatK inhibitors.
Escolarização de crianças com fissura lábio palatina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-11-30)
Silva, Glorismar Gomes da
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Gil, Maria Stella Coutinho de Alcântara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1673770301699940
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3590264629811020
The Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP) are congenital malformations affecting the facial region, whose cleft or opening communicates the oral and nasal regions, causing air leak through the nose and hypernasalized voice. It is frequent in our population and the prevalence of one child per 650 births. The schooling of children is not well-explored scientifically and educational demands of these students have remained on the sidelines of the debate about inclusive education. Studies and research on CLP treat predominantly clinical, functional and malformat on rehabilitation aspects. This study questions: Do the sequels generated by the orofacial malformations, the long surgical and rehabilitation process by which a person with CLP goes through, impact directly their social relations, the development of the child and, consequently, their schooling process? This study aims at identifying the educational needs of the child with CLP in the schooling period that includes the early childhood education and the early years of elementary school and characterize the school experience of these children. To this end, three studies were carried out. Study 1- academic production on the child's schooling with CLP bibliographic survey to identify school-related aspects of people with CLP. Study 2 - sample characterization of children with CLP in age of initial schooling: survey using the medical records of the HRAC-USP. Study 3 - Children with CLP in school: their voices and the speeches of mothers and of teachers: children with CLP, their mothers and teacher were interviewed about the child´s school life. The results of the three studies indicated a shortage in academic production of studies on schooling of children with CLP in the school context. In relation to the sample of 300 medical records of the children, in the age group from 4 to 16 years of age, the research found out that the majority of the were male (61,3%), went through 3 to 4 surgeries, were white (98%), missing data on age/schooling gap. In the third study, the interview analysis revealed the participants' lack of knowledge about CLP; the satisfaction of mothers with the schooling and sociability of their children; at the same time, the difficulties of mothers and teachers to recognize the impact of FLP's consequences on communication and behavior of children, as well as the consequences for schooling, were identified. According to the results of the three studies, it can be inferred that there is still a lack of knowledge about schooling of children with CLP and its implications for school life, as well as limits of research in the educational literature on this population. With the present study, it was intended to bring the theme to the scope of the National Policy of Special Education and to the context of the schools. It is necessary, therefore, to expand the research in the area that contemplate this population, in order to fulfil the social role of the school to meet the diversity of students with a quality education and focused to meet the educational needs of all.
Produtividade de algodão herbáceo (Gossypium hirsutum L.) em função das adubações de plantio e foliar com fertilizante organomineral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12)
Lançoni, Rafaela
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Soares, Marcio Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6337462438517339
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0205107461043980
The current cotton culture model in Brazil is characterized by extensive agricultural areas, especially in the Midwest region. The mega-cotton system has been criticized due to the difficulties of conducting it sustainably. Modern varieties have been genetically improved to achieve high productivity and require greater amounts of fertilizers. In input-intensive crops, managed under a conventional system, the inappropriate use of mineral fertilizers increases the environmental risks and economic losses with fertilization, which represents 15% of the production costs of the cotton crop. The objectives of this study were: (i) to cultivate herbaceous cotton, variety IAC 27 RDN (80,000 plants ha-1), submitted to planting fertilization with mineral fertilizer (MF) and with organomineral fertilizer (OMF) (Cooperhúmus®); (ii) verify the effects of foliar application of fertilizer based on amino acids (Aminomagma®); (iii) evaluate biometric, nutritional, and production parameters. The experiment was conducted from 12/2017 to 06/2018, in a dystrophic Oxisol, with an experimental design in five randomized blocks and the following treatments: T0 - without fertilization; T1 - MF at planting (580 kg ha-1 NPK 04-14-08); T2 - MF at planting + leaf amino acids; T3 - OMF at planting (625 kg ha-1 NPK 04-14-06); T4 - OMF at planting + leaf amino acids. The quantity of fertilizers was calculated for the expectation of productivity of 2.5 t ha-1 of cottonseed and the covering fertilization was carried out with 175 kg ha-1 of MF NPK 30-00-10. Aminomagma® was sprayed at 57 days after emergency (DAE) and 82 DAE. The following were evaluated: plant height (PH, m) at 29, 55 and 89 DAE; weight of apples (WA, g plant-1), at 89 DAE; productivity (kg ha-1), at 180 DAE. The sampling of diagnostic leaves occurred at 96 DAE for analysis of leaf contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and, when significant by the F test (p <0.05), were deployed for comparison by the Scott-Knott test (p < 0.05). The leaf contents of N, P, Ca, Mg and S were adequate, but there was K insufficiency. The treatments did not interfere in the WA, in the productivity and in the leaf contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S. The use of Cooperhúmus® at planting (T3) resulted in plants with greater height at the beginning (29 DAE) and at the end (89 DAE) of the vegetative stage of the culture. Aminomagma® promoted an increase in the final height of the plants only when mineral fertilizer was used in planting (T2), with a similar result to the isolated use of Cooperhúmus® in planting (T3). Planting fertilization with Cooperhúmus® is recommended because, in addition to resulting in taller plants at 29 DAE, which is important for establishing the plant in the field, and productivity similar to that achieved with conventional fertilization, organomineral fertilizer improves chemical, physical, and biological soil attributes and minimizes negative environmental impacts resulting from nutrient loss routes, due to its slow and gradual availability of the elements.
Avaliação multimodal de habilidades sociais de estagiários de psicologia clínica e suas relações com a qualidade dos atendimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-03)
Sartori, Raquel Martins
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Del Prette, Almir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2191226494887247
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8645774729592438
The literature in the theoretical-practical field of Social Skills Training has indicated a positive relationship between a well-developed repertoire of social skills and the quality of social and professional relationships. The profession of psychologist social in nature, as most of the work occurs via interpersonal relations, and requires from the professional an elaborated repertoire of skills and competencies to handle generally conflictive relationships. Considering that the management of social interactions is an essential part of a psychologists’ work, the social competence of professionals can be as important as their technical competence. Multimodal evaluation of psychologists’ social skills repertoire and social competence would help to identify important skills for the quality of the therapeutic process, considering their relevance to the interpersonal nature of psychologists’ work. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the potential relationship between skills and social competence of Clinical Psychology trainees and the quality of the clinical care they after. In total, 27 students from a Psychology course, their respective internship supervisors in Clinical Psychology, clients and informants indicated by them participated in the study. In the fourth year of their graduate studies, a multimodal evaluation of the students social skills repertoire was carried out, including self-assessment and a peer evaluation using the Social Skills Inventory, a sociometric evaluation, interviews and behavioral observation in a structured situation like reality. In the fifth year of the program, the quality of the clinical services provided by the students was evaluated based on the formation of a therapeutic alliance with their clients, progress of their clinical cases, and supervisors’ evaluations of the students' performance during the care. The data were statistically analyzed using tests of correlation and regression. The results point to positive associations between communication skills, self-control of aggressivity and expression of positive feelings in the formation of an alliance with clients and based on supervisor evaluations. Negative associations were also found between social skills and care quality, especially for the ability to interact with unknown people, to praise others and to disagree with higher authorities. The data allow us to know which social skills are associated with indicators of quality of care, however, further work is needed to better investigate the students’ social competence. Considering the multidimensionality of social skills and the negative associations found in this research, it is suggested that other aspects of social performance need to be investigated, for example, investigation criteria and requirements for social competence via the amplification of these assessment measure are needed. The cultural values of each subgroup define very particular norms for interaction, which need to be made explicit to meet social competence criteria and establish successful relationships. Despite the limitations of this research, among them the restricted number of participants and the absence of specific instruments for the evaluation of professionals’ social skills and social competence, the relationship between social skills and the quality of care was evaluated. Future research on this issue will contributes to the improvement of information on the subject.
O corte do FBST em modelos de alta dimensionalidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-03)
Poloniato Ferreira, Joao Carlos
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Stern, Rafael Bassi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7846211197320014
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8825685476623655
The problem of controlling the significance level of the FBST (Full Bayesian Significant Test) test is studied in the context of Bayesian models for density, thus, a Bayesian method is shown that works with density estimation estimation and how the FBST should be conducted in that situation with this method when it is desired to test if one population has certain density distribution or equality test of two populations. For this, a modified e-value definition is presented that is an alternative to calculate the FBST measure. At end a simulation study with different density distributions and analysis the power function of the test in cases of one and two populations.
Teia de sentidos: um olhar sobre a criação de Terrence Malick em A árvore da vida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-03)
Bonini, Guilherme Augusto
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Monzani, Josette Maria Alves de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0505156751073470
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3830728656628846
The present study addresses an analytical look at the creative work of American director Terrence Malick, the modes of materialization of his technical-stylistic resources (photography, sound, assembly of plans, among other characteristics) that provide meanings beyond the semantic content of cinematography. As a particular way of constructing a film, we think about the way these features configure the characters and their actions, observing in how the dramaturgy is thought through the available bibliography, in order to problematize what are the possible potencies implied in the creation of a proper style of dramaturgy in contemporary American cinema. From the point of view of the observer, we seek to promote meanings that emerge from the interaction between image and sound, questioning in what measure this relation is capable of articulating a unity through the discursive fragmentation present in the work The Tree of Life, (2011), our main object of study. In this film, the narrative does not seem to contain a factual, but rather discontinuous, order of presenting itself in a way that can be understood as fragmented. Such a contingent feature transgresses the classical structuring of dramaturgy and opens space for a certain similarity to the surrealist universe.
Modelagem e simulação de biorreator para produção de ácido fumárico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-03)
Fujimoto, Marisa Cristina Mendonça
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Lima, Alice Medeiros de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0038936541518854
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6993669324122992
Considering the current scenario where there is a growing pressure for industry to include sustentability in its inegotiable values, several companies have been investing in research and development of new, environmentally friendly, processes. In the focus of innovation there are routes with smaller energy and solvent consumption, and reduced generation of waste. In this context, the present study aims at evaluating the production of fumaric acid via fermentation; the compound is an intermediate currently obtained from petrochemical raw materials. The study was based on extensive bibliographic research about the types of micro-organisms capable of producing the chemical, and an appropriate kinetic model to describe growth and accummulation of product was chosen. As an adequate kinetic model was not readily available in literature, a simple model was adjusted in the software SimulaFerm using experimental information reported in articles. Then, the bioreactor model was implemented in Scilab environment, making use of constitutive equations (kinetic models), and mass balances pertinent to transient operation. This software was chosen due to its interface with the process simulator COCO (CAPE-OPEN to CAPEOPEN), which does not comprise in its basic unit operations batch reactions commonly present in fermentations. With the results obtained, it was possible to better understand the limitations and opportunities regarding the production of fumaric acid through this alternative route.
Clínica da Palavra: a poética do encontro na produção da vida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-03)
Salgado, Guilherme Ávila
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Matraca, Marcus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9963355536181888
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Aquilante, Aline Guerra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5699716799010108
Itinerância Poética is a movement that seeks to promote encounters based on poetry. It happens through the komboteca that harbors a collection with more than a thousand books that, for the most part, are of independent production. Poetic Roaming traveled about 12,000 km, from Minas Gerais to Maranhão, through thewilderness, and from Maranhão to Minas Gerais, by the coast, with the main objective of occupying public spaces with public actions, strengthening local movements that already exist.This research presents, through the auto-ethnographic method, the importance of access to art for anyone who wants (to be able to produce it and / or to access it), the production of poetry (capacity to create and produce interventions in the world) and popular culture (the place of the common in the production of life, in the daily life) as determinants and conditioning factors to the health of individual and collective subjects, indispensable to the life. The proposal of this study challenges the place of the traditional clinic inviting the lector to think in broader perspectives, beyond the health-disease binomial, that is often understood as antagonistic states. It allows reinventing the concept of clinic asa space of engagement and co-responsibility with human suffering, through the construction of life possibilities and in the production of new subjectivities.
A produção brasileira sobre o projeto terapêutico singular: revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-04)
Depole, Bárbara de Fátima
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Ferigato, Sabrina Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3248396158325409
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5911008362015146
The Singular Therapeutic Project, according to the definition of the National Policy of Humanization - Extended Clinic, Reference Team and Singular Therapeutic Project, is a set of proposals for articulated therapeutic care, for individual or collective, resulted from collective discussion of an interdisciplinary team. It is a device for coproduction and co-management of the therapeutic process that must be incorporated by health services in Brazil. The academic production around this theoretical-practical device was the object of this study, aiming to analyze the Brazilian scientific production on the use of Singular Therapeutic Project in the field of health in general and its possible articulations with Occupational Therapy. For this, a literature review was conducted, with emphasis on a specific approach called scope review. This review is focused on a process of mapping relevant literature in a particular area of interest to summare the knowledge about a given research topic. The guiding question of this research was "What has been produced in Brazil about Singular Therapeutic Project?". To identify the studies, a search was made in the Virtual Health Library Network. The descriptors were: Individual Therapeutic Project OR Singular Therapeutic Project. In total, 40 studies from the scientific literature and four gray literature studies were analyzed. The studies pointed out that the use of the Singular Therapeutic Project concept is transversal to different areas of knowledge, and for diverse purposes, among them, the clinic, training and management. It was possible to describe that the Singular Therapeutic Project in the field of health is used as an instrument, device and / or tool that enables user autonomy, directs team actions and builds an interdisciplinary clinic, in spaces of care to mental health and over time, has been gaining more and more space in management and other health care areas, integrating and qualifying teamwork mainly in primary health care.
Estudos de vidros fluoroboratos e fluorogermanatos de chumbo, através de técnicas de espectroscopia óptica e de ressonância magnética
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-04)
Carvajal Taborda, Eduar Enrique
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González, José Pedro Donoso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2572300460729333
;
Gobato, Yara Galvão
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558531056409406
In this work two studies on rare earth−doped (Eu3+, Yb3+) lead fluorogermanate (GeO2−PbO−PbF2) and fluoroborate glasses (B2O3 −PbO −PbF2) were investigated. The main advantages of these glasses are their chemical stability and low phonon energy compared to many oxide-based glasses which make these materials excellent candidates for applications in optical, electronic, and laser devices. The UV/Vis absorption and photoluminescence techniques were used for obtaining optical information while Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) (continuous wave and pulsed), Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS NMR) and Raman techniques were used to obtain structural information of these glasses. In the first study GeO2−PbO−PbF2 and B2O3−PbO−PbF2 composition glasses in which PbF2 was increased and Al2O3 was added for the purpose of knowing the effect of these reagents on the optical parameters and the structure. The optical studies suggested the presence of Al2O3 and PbF2 can generate positive effects on the optical properties for instance, their addition increased the lifetime and decreased the alpha factor which are parameters related to the quantum efficiency and non-radiative processes in these glasses. Magnetic resonance techniques provided information about changes on the structure such as the presence of 10B, 11B and 27Al atoms in the second coordination sphere of the rare earth for borate glasses and absence of 207Pb and 19F atoms and incorporation of 27Al in this second sphere as a result of Al2O3 addition in germanate glasses. As result of increasing the PbF2 and Al2O3 the ratio BIII/ BIV increases, more Al-F bonds are formed and shift of the main F peaks were observed. These results suggest a strong influence of the change of the structure on the optical properties of these glasses. In the second study oxyfluoride glasses of the compositions (40−x)B2O3 − xGeO2 −10Al2O3 −40PbO −10PbF2 where x = 5, 10, 20, 30, 35 were prepared to gain the benefits of both compositions matrix, replacing the expensive GeO2 component by B2O3. The idea was to obtain glasses with good optical properties and low cost. The addition of Al2O3 is expected to produce local field variations around rare ions and such changes may have strong bearing on luminescent transitions of these ions. The optical results show that substitution of GeO2 by B2O3 reveals the close relationship between the quantum efficiency of the rare earth and decreasing of the non-radiative processes. The results of magnetic resonance confirm the presence of 11B, 10B and 207Pb in the second coordination sphere of rare earth. The relative concentrations of BIII , BIV , AlIV , AlV , and AlVI have a progressive response with the substitution of GeO2 by B2O3. This is an important result because shows the possible correlation between the structure and the optical properties, reinforcing the hypothesis of the crucial role of the structure for achieving the desired optical properties. Finally, the results obtained in this work suggest the possibility of fabricating glasses with good optical properties, mixing the properties of both glasses, borate and germanate and being more economically priced.
O dispositivo penitenciário no Brasil: disputas e acomodações na emergência da gestão prisional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-05)
Melo, Felipe Athayde Lins de
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Sinhoretto, Jacqueline
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0220359546520759
This thesis deals with the emergence of prison management in Brazil, understanding it as an effect of forces between different orders of the penitentiary dispositive, in which the Justice and Security bundles are highlighted, based on disputes and accommodation between actors, institutions and perspectives that, within each order or in their external interactions, configure the dynamics of the Brazilian Penitentiary Administration, within which a penitentiary bureaucracy is produced, specialized in mediating the conflicts and the approximations between the orders. In recent times, these mediations also suffer the influence of a third line of force, represented by the criminal groups originating inside prisons. The research was carried out through different methods, including an exegesis of texts on punishment, imprisonment and, in particular, Brazilian prisons, as well as the analysis of national and international documents and regulations. The grammars of this penitentiary bureaucracy, in turn, were examined in conjunction with a literature on the formation of civil public service in Brazil. In addition, interviews with prison policy managers in different states, informal dialogues with criminal servants and visits to prisons and other organs or institutions of the criminal justice system were conducted. Also heard were persons deprived of their liberty and their families, in an interaction between research and professional activity that allowed specific conditions of access to the field. The results point to a constant updating of the Brazilian penitentiary dispositive, which operates in the sense of ensuring its reproduction through different strategies of accommodation of the Law resulting from the preponderance of Security in the correlation of forces, which is manifested in the composition, functioning, characterization and processes of professional training of the penitentiary bureaucracy, understood as a diffuse and fragmented body that, far from characterizing a rationalization of the prison system, manifests itself mainly as a governing mentality.
Composição e diversidade da ictiofauna do Ribeirão Poço Grande, afluente do Rio Juquiá, Bacia do Rio Ribeira de Iguape, estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-05)
Costa, Rafael Maribelto da
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Garavello, Júlio César
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2778105126670170
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7144391022138195
The Atlantic Forest, considered the second largest tropical rainforest in the Americas, is one of the richest ecosystems in plant and animal species in the entire planet. The water catchment area of the Ribeira de Iguape river, located in the south of the State of São Paulo, is located in the region where there are the largest extensions of preserved Atlantic Forest on the Brazilian coast. Of the species of fish registered to Brazil, part can be found in the streams of the Atlantic Forest, which due to the high degree of endemism and to the natural characteristics of these environments, are important in the context of freshwater fish. Among the main threats to fish in streams of the Atlantic Forest are the destruction of riparian forests, bushes and the introduction of exotic species. This study was carried out in the Juquiá river and its tributary, Poço Grande, in the Ribeira de Iguape river basin, in the municipality of Juquiá, São Paulo state, with the main objective of inventorying the ichthyofauna of these two environments. First, the analysis of lots of fish collected both in the Juquiá river and in the Poço Grande stream, deposited in the collections of the Laboratório de Ictiologia Sistemática do Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva da UFSCar (LISDEBE - UFSCar) and of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, resulted in an initial list of species. Additions to this list were made from a collection held in June 2018 using trawls, gillnets, containment net and electric fishing. The collection was performed at 5 sampling stretches with approximately 100 meters each for a period of 2 hours. Collection and sampling data resulted in a list of species for the river Juquiá and Ribeirão Poço Grande. Also it is presented a historical portrait of the collections made in the Poço Grande creek for 120 years (from 1898 to 2018). These data and the list of species recently collected allowed the evaluation of fish diversity in this area of Ribeira de Iguape basin through the Shannon-Weaver Index and the rarefaction method. The orders Characiformes and Siluriformes were the most representative, as well as the families Characidae and Loricariidae. Although the ichthyofauna of Poço Grande may be considered well known, the study area still needs a greater effort of collections, chiefly in the river Juquiá and other tributaries, which have not their ichthyofauna adequately known.
Infância negra e mídias digitais: uma análise de canais do YouTube realizados por meninas negras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-05)
Santos, Jussara Nascimento do
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Zuin, Antônio Álvaro Soares
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9085215199719129
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9085215199719129
The present research was conducted between January and August, 2018 with the principal reason to analyse four channels on Youtube from black girls between seven and eleven years old. The aim was identifying in those channels the presence of theme relating to the issue of race in the published videos. Assuming they have expressed themselves, showing racism experience which contributes to the spectator thinking about it. The investigation has started with systematic follow-up during 8 months by Ellis Mc. channel on Youtube channels from: Ana Clara Barbosa (11 years old), Carolina Monteiro (11 years old), Emily Lima (8 years five months old). Utilising the ethnographic by silence observation, when the channel was observed without any intervention from the researcher in comments or ‘likes’. The posts published and videos with focuses on topics debated were analysed weekly. In conclusion, the four channels are at least inserted in logical cultural industry, when the culture becomes product. According to the questions about racism: Carolina Monteiro and Ellis Mc have brought critical debates showing a valid repertoire of black race for their audience. However, Ana Clara Barbosa e Emily Lima doesn’t make any mention about race, instead they reproduce the same as the other channels. The study focused mainly on formation, cultural industry, individual and societal, and ideological theories found within Critical and Societal Theory. (Reference)
On the training algorithms for Restricted Boltzmann Machine-Based Models
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-05)
Passos Junior, Leandro Aparecido
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Papa, João Paulo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9039182932747194
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3785255738671502
Deep learning techniques have been studied extensively in the last years, due to its good results related to essential tasks on a large range of applications, such as speech and face recognition, as well as objects classification. Among the most employed techniques is the Restrict Boltzmann Machines (RBMs), which are energy-based stochastic neural networks composed of two layers of neurons., i.e., visible and hidden, whose objective is to estimate the connection weights between both layers, generally using Markov chains. Recently, the scientific community spent many efforts on sampling methods, since RBMs effectiveness is directly related to the success of the sampling process. Thereby, the present work contributes with RBMs Learning area, as well as its variants DBNs and DBMs. Further, the work covers the application of meta-heuristic methods concerning a proper fine-tune of these techniques. Moreover, the validation of the model is presented in the context of image reconstruction and pattern recognition. In general, the present work presents different approaches to training these techniques, as well as the evaluation of meta-heuristic methods efficiency in training. Finally, this thesis presents a collection of works developed by the author during the study period, which was published/submitted until the present time, concerning: (i) temperature parameter introduction in DBM formulation, (ii) DBM using adaptive temperature, (iii) DBM meta-parameters optimization through meta-heuristic techniques, and (iv) iRBM meta-parameters optimization through meta-heuristic techniques.
Aquisição da língua de sinais através de jogos e brincadeiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-05)
Pinto, Milena Maria
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Santos, Lara Ferreira dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7312070448044165
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4207519162784448
This research aims to understand the process of sign language development by deaf children through play and games in early childhood education. The research will use video recordings made over a period of six months in order to analyze children at play. The interaction between the children, the way and when they use sign language to communicate, the presence of language during play, and the way the teacher conducts the activities will be observed. The participants are children from Early Childhood Education, a public school in the interior of São Paulo, which has a Bilingual Education Program for the deaf, whose proposal is to provide Brazilian Sign Language – Libras as their first language throughout their school career. The interest in the topic arises from the realization of the importance of language in human development and, specifically, in the acquisition of language by deaf children. It is extremely important for deaf people to have the opportunity, from an early age, to have contact with sign language, just as hearing people have with the Portuguese language. Play was a reference aspect in the research because it is the basis of children's activities, learning and first school contacts. The episodes of interest were selected, cut out and transcribed; the analyses and discussions of the results are supported by Vygotsky's assumptions, as well as by authors in the field of deafness. The results indicate that when play occurs more naturally and according to the children's wishes, the language also emerges in a more natural and fluid way, without configuring a "class" in Libras. The data also point to the need for reflection on pedagogical practices that are more appropriate for the proposed age group, as well as the development of a curriculum for the development of Libras.
Geografia para todos: linguagem cartográfica tátil na sala de aula comum
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-06)
Giehl, Fabiana Cristina
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Denari, Fátima Elisabeth
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5575213011914394
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6067769643299024
In the current scenario of basic education, the training of teachers in classrooms after the policy of inclusive education stands out. These teachers are not always prepared to help students with disabilities and are facing challenge. With the teachers of Geography, it has not been different. In order to contribute to this teaching, and more specifically to the teaching of map reading, the present thesis has as general objective: analyze the effects of the educational program of introduction to the Tactile Cartographic Language, when applied in the context of the common classroom with students with visual impairment. The specific objectives are: identify if the teacher participating in the intervention had in its training access to subjects that deal with subjects and discussions about students with disabilities; verify the teacher's knowledge about tactile mapping; investigate the existence of possible proposals of cartographic education developed by the teacher regent with the participating students in the common classroom; ascertain the students' understanding of the reading of maps and their main elements (scale, legend, orientation, rose of the winds, title); investigate whether the students had already had contact with maps and tactile maps, and what is the students' knowledge about maps; describe the process of application of the educational program of introduction to the Tactile Cartographic Language. Therefore, qualitative exploratory research of a descriptive nature was carried out, characterized by an intervention. The research has the following number of Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Appraisal -CAAE, 54507116.4.0000.5504, and approval opinion N ° 1,543,820. Participants were: a teacher regent, a support teacher, two students with blindness and students without visual restrictions. The field research was developed with students from the fourth grade of elementary school I, following the procedures: identification of students with blindness who study in elementary school I; application of an open questionnaire with the participating teacher; conducting a survey with students; development of the educational program of introduction to the tactile cartographic language; conducting a new survey with students; and interview with the participating teacher. For this, the following data collection instruments were used: open questionnaire, survey, interview, field diary and intervention program. Data were submitted to descriptive analysis. The development of this study showed that the educational program of introduction to the tactile cartographic language and introduction to map reading can and should be developed by teachers with all the students in the common classroom. In addition, the lack of preparation of the teachers of the common teaching in front of the school inclusion of students with deficiency was evidenced.
Diferentes abordagens para o manejo das águas pluviais e seus impactos no ciclo de vida em loteamento de interesse social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-06)
Santos, Maria Fernanda Nóbrega dos
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Barbassa, Ademir Paceli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1449833021119145
Stormwater-derived problems in urban settlements are occurring more frequently and intensely, particularly in developing countries, where cities are growing without planned implementation. Coupled with the current water quality decline, this makes it more urgent to reconsider the way in which stormwater management is conceived and implemented in urban allotments. In this context, strategies proposed by low impact development (LID) integrated approach, stand out as an alternative to conventional systems. LID promotes stormwater management aligned with urban planning and, as a main goal, regulates hydrological processes in their origin. However, if minimized impact on urban basins is one of the fundamental purposes of stormwater management systems, it will be necessary to consider the wider implications when choosing the most appropriate approach. This study’s objective is to develop a multidimensional evaluation (hydrological, environmental, and economic) from a life cycle perspective, which should make it possible to compare different strategies for stormwater management in urban settlements. As such, an area located in the municipality of São Carlos/SP (the settlement Américo Alves Margarido) was used as a study object and three scenarios of occupation and stormwater management systems were designed: Scen.CONV, a conventional urbanization plan and storm-sewer drainage-system; Scen.WELL, a conventional urbanization plan associated with the use of infiltration wells to disconnect lots; and Scen.LID, which uses structural (vegetative swales and infiltration trenches) and nonstructural strategies (such as land use/imperviousness coefficients and urban changes). For a comparative analysis, these scenarios were modeled in storm water management model (SWMM), and both life cycle assessment (LCA), and life cycle costing (LCC) were performed. According to the results, hydraulic-hydrologic modeling indicated a decrease of 60% in the peak flow of Scen.WELL compared to Scen.CONV, potential impact per m³ of stormwater volume managed in Scen.Well that was 51–65% lower, and costs per m³ that were 54–58% lower than in Scen.CONV. In Scen.LID it was possible to achieve pre-development conditions, with a decrease of 100% in the peak flow compared to Scen.CONV. Scen.LID costs per m³ were 71–79% lower, and potential impacts per m³ 74–82% lower than in Scen.CONV, also for all impact categories.