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O dispositivo penitenciário no Brasil: disputas e acomodações na emergência da gestão prisional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-05) Melo, Felipe Athayde Lins de; Sinhoretto, Jacqueline; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0220359546520759
This thesis deals with the emergence of prison management in Brazil, understanding it as an effect of forces between different orders of the penitentiary dispositive, in which the Justice and Security bundles are highlighted, based on disputes and accommodation between actors, institutions and perspectives that, within each order or in their external interactions, configure the dynamics of the Brazilian Penitentiary Administration, within which a penitentiary bureaucracy is produced, specialized in mediating the conflicts and the approximations between the orders. In recent times, these mediations also suffer the influence of a third line of force, represented by the criminal groups originating inside prisons. The research was carried out through different methods, including an exegesis of texts on punishment, imprisonment and, in particular, Brazilian prisons, as well as the analysis of national and international documents and regulations. The grammars of this penitentiary bureaucracy, in turn, were examined in conjunction with a literature on the formation of civil public service in Brazil. In addition, interviews with prison policy managers in different states, informal dialogues with criminal servants and visits to prisons and other organs or institutions of the criminal justice system were conducted. Also heard were persons deprived of their liberty and their families, in an interaction between research and professional activity that allowed specific conditions of access to the field. The results point to a constant updating of the Brazilian penitentiary dispositive, which operates in the sense of ensuring its reproduction through different strategies of accommodation of the Law resulting from the preponderance of Security in the correlation of forces, which is manifested in the composition, functioning, characterization and processes of professional training of the penitentiary bureaucracy, understood as a diffuse and fragmented body that, far from characterizing a rationalization of the prison system, manifests itself mainly as a governing mentality.
On the training algorithms for Restricted Boltzmann Machine-Based Models
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-05) Passos Junior, Leandro Aparecido; Papa, João Paulo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9039182932747194; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3785255738671502
Deep learning techniques have been studied extensively in the last years, due to its good results related to essential tasks on a large range of applications, such as speech and face recognition, as well as objects classification. Among the most employed techniques is the Restrict Boltzmann Machines (RBMs), which are energy-based stochastic neural networks composed of two layers of neurons., i.e., visible and hidden, whose objective is to estimate the connection weights between both layers, generally using Markov chains. Recently, the scientific community spent many efforts on sampling methods, since RBMs effectiveness is directly related to the success of the sampling process. Thereby, the present work contributes with RBMs Learning area, as well as its variants DBNs and DBMs. Further, the work covers the application of meta-heuristic methods concerning a proper fine-tune of these techniques. Moreover, the validation of the model is presented in the context of image reconstruction and pattern recognition. In general, the present work presents different approaches to training these techniques, as well as the evaluation of meta-heuristic methods efficiency in training. Finally, this thesis presents a collection of works developed by the author during the study period, which was published/submitted until the present time, concerning: (i) temperature parameter introduction in DBM formulation, (ii) DBM using adaptive temperature, (iii) DBM meta-parameters optimization through meta-heuristic techniques, and (iv) iRBM meta-parameters optimization through meta-heuristic techniques.
Aquisição da língua de sinais através de jogos e brincadeiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-05) Pinto, Milena Maria; Santos, Lara Ferreira dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7312070448044165; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4207519162784448
This research aims to understand the process of sign language development by deaf children through play and games in early childhood education. The research will use video recordings made over a period of six months in order to analyze children at play. The interaction between the children, the way and when they use sign language to communicate, the presence of language during play, and the way the teacher conducts the activities will be observed. The participants are children from Early Childhood Education, a public school in the interior of São Paulo, which has a Bilingual Education Program for the deaf, whose proposal is to provide Brazilian Sign Language – Libras as their first language throughout their school career. The interest in the topic arises from the realization of the importance of language in human development and, specifically, in the acquisition of language by deaf children. It is extremely important for deaf people to have the opportunity, from an early age, to have contact with sign language, just as hearing people have with the Portuguese language. Play was a reference aspect in the research because it is the basis of children's activities, learning and first school contacts. The episodes of interest were selected, cut out and transcribed; the analyses and discussions of the results are supported by Vygotsky's assumptions, as well as by authors in the field of deafness. The results indicate that when play occurs more naturally and according to the children's wishes, the language also emerges in a more natural and fluid way, without configuring a "class" in Libras. The data also point to the need for reflection on pedagogical practices that are more appropriate for the proposed age group, as well as the development of a curriculum for the development of Libras.
Composição e diversidade da ictiofauna do Ribeirão Poço Grande, afluente do Rio Juquiá, Bacia do Rio Ribeira de Iguape, estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-05) Costa, Rafael Maribelto da; Garavello, Júlio César; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2778105126670170; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7144391022138195
The Atlantic Forest, considered the second largest tropical rainforest in the Americas, is one of the richest ecosystems in plant and animal species in the entire planet. The water catchment area of the Ribeira de Iguape river, located in the south of the State of São Paulo, is located in the region where there are the largest extensions of preserved Atlantic Forest on the Brazilian coast. Of the species of fish registered to Brazil, part can be found in the streams of the Atlantic Forest, which due to the high degree of endemism and to the natural characteristics of these environments, are important in the context of freshwater fish. Among the main threats to fish in streams of the Atlantic Forest are the destruction of riparian forests, bushes and the introduction of exotic species. This study was carried out in the Juquiá river and its tributary, Poço Grande, in the Ribeira de Iguape river basin, in the municipality of Juquiá, São Paulo state, with the main objective of inventorying the ichthyofauna of these two environments. First, the analysis of lots of fish collected both in the Juquiá river and in the Poço Grande stream, deposited in the collections of the Laboratório de Ictiologia Sistemática do Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva da UFSCar (LISDEBE - UFSCar) and of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, resulted in an initial list of species. Additions to this list were made from a collection held in June 2018 using trawls, gillnets, containment net and electric fishing. The collection was performed at 5 sampling stretches with approximately 100 meters each for a period of 2 hours. Collection and sampling data resulted in a list of species for the river Juquiá and Ribeirão Poço Grande. Also it is presented a historical portrait of the collections made in the Poço Grande creek for 120 years (from 1898 to 2018). These data and the list of species recently collected allowed the evaluation of fish diversity in this area of Ribeira de Iguape basin through the Shannon-Weaver Index and the rarefaction method. The orders Characiformes and Siluriformes were the most representative, as well as the families Characidae and Loricariidae. Although the ichthyofauna of Poço Grande may be considered well known, the study area still needs a greater effort of collections, chiefly in the river Juquiá and other tributaries, which have not their ichthyofauna adequately known.
Infância negra e mídias digitais: uma análise de canais do YouTube realizados por meninas negras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-05) Santos, Jussara Nascimento do; Zuin, Antônio Álvaro Soares; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9085215199719129; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9085215199719129
The present research was conducted between January and August, 2018 with the principal reason to analyse four channels on Youtube from black girls between seven and eleven years old. The aim was identifying in those channels the presence of theme relating to the issue of race in the published videos. Assuming they have expressed themselves, showing racism experience which contributes to the spectator thinking about it. The investigation has started with systematic follow-up during 8 months by Ellis Mc. channel on Youtube channels from: Ana Clara Barbosa (11 years old), Carolina Monteiro (11 years old), Emily Lima (8 years five months old). Utilising the ethnographic by silence observation, when the channel was observed without any intervention from the researcher in comments or ‘likes’. The posts published and videos with focuses on topics debated were analysed weekly. In conclusion, the four channels are at least inserted in logical cultural industry, when the culture becomes product. According to the questions about racism: Carolina Monteiro and Ellis Mc have brought critical debates showing a valid repertoire of black race for their audience. However, Ana Clara Barbosa e Emily Lima doesn’t make any mention about race, instead they reproduce the same as the other channels. The study focused mainly on formation, cultural industry, individual and societal, and ideological theories found within Critical and Societal Theory. (Reference)