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Some extensions in measurement error models
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-14) Tomaya, Lorena Yanet Cáceres; Andrade Filho, Mario de Castro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6518161034709249; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0145921960754746
In this dissertation, we approach three different contributions in measurement error model (MEM). Initially, we carry out maximum penalized likelihood inference in MEM’s under the normality assumption. The methodology is based on the method proposed by Firth (1993), which can be used to improve some asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimators. In the second contribution, we develop two new estimation methods based on generalized fiducial inference for the precision parameters and the variability product under the Grubbs model considering the two-instrument case. One method is based on a fiducial generalized pivotal quantity and the other one is built on the method of the generalized fiducial distribution. Comparisons with two existing approaches are reported. Finally, we propose to study inference in a heteroscedastic MEM with known error variances. Instead of the normal distribution for the random components, we develop a model that assumes a skew-t distribution for the true covariate and a centered Student’s t distribution for the error terms. The proposed model enables to accommodate skewness and heavy-tailedness in the data, while the degrees of freedom of the distributions can be different. We use the maximum likelihood method to estimate the model parameters and compute them via an EM-type algorithm. All proposed methodologies are assessed numerically through simulation studies and illustrated with real datasets extracted from the literature.
Comunicação e Movimento na poética do compositor Chico César: os usos da Diáspora Africana na música negra no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-14) Silveira, Dener Santos; Silvério, Valter Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421231847055027; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1233082655204579
The present work analyzes the Brazilian black music from the songs and the cultural work of the singer and composer Francisco César Gonçalves - Chico César - born in the municipality of Catolé do Rocha in the sertão of the State of Paraíba / PB northeast region of Brazil. In the 1990s, the composer abandoned his career linked to journalism and entered the Brazilian music scene, after participating in music festivals in Germany. Featuring a creative poetics in his productions, Chico César begins his career as a musician and composer in the city of São Paulo / SP rescuing a sertanejo (sertão da paraíba) framework and an Africanized grammatical lexic. The set of lyrics of the composer is classified as "communication" and "movement" and is projected with diasporic production, since it disarticulate the logic of the idea of nation present in the analyzes on "Brazilian popular music". The construction of music in Brazil, through Bossa-Nova and later Tropicália, which were understood as reactive movements to a kind of national-popular movement in music, is reoriented by the use of the African diaspora in the sense of African dispersion - creation and recreation of a sense of belonging determined by situations of oppression. The strategy to achieve this goal was to deconstruct the essentialization of difference by repositioning the tensions of the Afro-Atlantic style of the black repertoire and the body. The thesis is that the linguistic innovations (communication) and the transnational re-Africanized lexicon (movement) present in the lyrics, the forms of occupying a social space, hair styles, and the means to constitute and sustain community bonds are responses provided by music of the African Diaspora in reaction to Brazilian popular music. The idea is that the Africanized cultural production of Chico Cesar is critical and dismantles the theater of popular desires which is submitted by the notion of nationality, because from its social development, it constructs a new cultural politics of representation as a new ideological complex and theoretical.
Influência de um protocolo de treinamento em circuito na gordura intermuscular da coxa, composição corporal, parâmetros clínicos, funcionais e metabólicos de pacientes com osteoartrite de joelho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-14) Almeida, Aline Castilho de; Pastre, Carlos Marcelo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2761396544058606; Mattiello, Stela Márcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1406279816228350; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4068777577081979
Objective: To investigate the influence of a circuit training protocol on body composition, thigh intermuscular fat, self-reported physical symptoms and physical function, physical performance, metabolic parameters, muscle strength and quality in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Three studies were carried out: I: Influence of a progressive circuit training protocol on intermuscular adipose tissue of patients with knee osteoarthritis: protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial; II: Influence of a periodized circuit training protocol on the body composition of patients with knee osteoarthritis: results from a randomized controlled clinical trial; III: A periodized circuit training protocol reduces intermuscular adipose tissue of the patients knee with osteoarthritis: results from a randomized controlled clinical trial. Methods: 61 subjects with knee OA grades II and III, aged 40-65 years, and BMI <30kg / m², were randomized into three groups: periodized CT (n= 20); conventional strength training (ST) (n= 21) and educational protocol (EP) (n= 20). CT and ST participated in protocols of 14 weeks, 3 times per week. CT performed mild, moderate and intense exercises, progressively distributed in a circuit model. ST performed resisted exercises and the EP participated in lectures about healthy living. Baseline and post-intervention assessments were performed for all participants. Study II investigated body composition, functional performance tests (30-second chair test, 40-meter walk test, stair climb test), and questionnaires about pain, self-reported physical function and stiffness, and thoughts and feelings about pain. Study III investigated thigh composition, muscle strength of knee extensors and flexors, and muscle quality. Results: The results of Study II show that only the participants in the CT group showed a reduction of visceral adipose tissue, improvements in overall body composition, blood concentration of HDL and systolic and diastolic blood pressure after 14 weeks of training compared to the other groups. Both training strategies showed similar benefits in improving pain, stiffness, physical function and pain catastrophism, functional performance, and muscle strength in patients with knee OA. The results of Study III show that only the CT showed a reduction in the intermuscular fat of the thigh after 14 weeks of training. Both training groups showed muscle mass gain, muscle strength and muscle quality after 14 weeks of training; however, the CT presented muscle strength gain only for the knee extensors, while the ST presented a gain for the knee extensors and flexors. Conclusion: CT improves the body composition of patients with knee OA, reducing visceral fat, and intermuscular fat of the thigh. This training strategy reduces systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and increases HDL concentration. CT was as effective as ST in muscle mass gain in the thigh, muscle strength gain of knee extensors, improvement in muscle quality, self-reported pain, physical function and stiffness, and functional performance in this sample.
Representações distribuídas de texto aplicadas em análise de sentimento de mensagens curtas e ruidosas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-14) Bossolani, Carlos Augusto; Almeida, Tiago Agostinho de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5368680512020633; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3008025733135785
The evolution of the Internet and the Web has given rise to a vast amount of text messages containing opinions. Although the importance of sentiment analysis has grown proportionately, the use of the traditional bag of words as a way to represent these messages computationally imposes serious limitations: the number of dimensions in the samples may be very high; information about the relative position of the words in the text is lost; the relation of synonymy is not captured, and no distinction is made between the different meanings of ambiguous words. Short messages, such as those posted on social media and instant messaging applications, often contain a lot of slang, abbreviations, phonetic spelling and emoticons, which aggravates the problem of computational representation. Lexical normalization techniques and semantic indexing, traditionally used to deal with these problems, depend on dictionaries and their maintenance is impractical given the speed of language evolution. Distributed text representations, which represent each word by a low dimensional vector, have the potential to bypass some of these shortcomings by capturing the similarity relationship among words, storing information about the contexts of their occurrence. Recent techniques have made it possible to obtain these vectors from the weights of an artificial neural network, which are optimized to maximize the probability of the contexts in which the word is observed. Later optimizations made it possible to generate these models with a much larger corpus, thus raising interest in these techniques. This work investigated and proved the hypothesis that the use of distributed text models overcomes the problems and disadvantages of the use bag of words in sentiment analysis in short and noisy messages, making it possible to dispense with the need for traditional lexical normalization techniques and semantic indexing, maintaining predictive power and reducing computational effort.
Antes da República, sob o olhar do Império: a produção do modo de vida e invenção de uma territorialidade diaspórica. O caso de Frutal/Uberaba (MG)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-14) Santos, José Ricardo Marques dos; Silvério, Valter Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421231847055027; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5294054259834154
This thesis has like a goal investigate the emergence of na área of freedon, the basis of a culture of freedom, as couterculture of na ethnically absolute regional and local identily. If aims to understand how it was possibile to create a conter-narrative created by africans, africans and their descendants in the attempt to aggregte their experiences in Frutal/Uberaba (MG). We investigate all forms of totalization that overlaps the experiences of these subjects – especially the narratives of orign of the cities – that produce cultural damages to theses populations. It is intended to delineate the inventions of meanings, displacements of meaning, the effect of which is the producion of descentralization where oppsitional symbolic forms are recorded. The research consisted by means of documents such as minutes of the municipal councils of Frutal/Uberaba (MG), admnistrative and birth admnistraive inquiries. In addition to researches in the Florestan Fernandes collecion, Minas Public Archives, Public Archive of Uberaba (MG), Public Archive of Frutal (MG). Here we defend the invention of a territoriality of the african diáspora by africans, africans and their descendants as part of the Black Atlantic rhizome.
Degradação de matéria orgânica terrestre por microrganismos do rio Amazonas – Metagenômica e genômica populacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-14) Santos Júnior, Célio Dias; Logares, Ramiro; Silva, Flávio Henrique da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757309852446263; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5945110773903442
Microbes from Amazon river basin represent an unexplored biodiversity, with a huge metabolic potential. This ecosystem receives large amounts of terrestrial organic matter (OM), which promotes heterotrophic microbial growth. Microbial populations have been exposed for millennia to a complex OM derived from plants, and these communities must have developed metabolic pathways to degrade it. In the present work, 106 metagenomes from 30 sampling stations of rivers and lakes of the Amazon river basin were analyzed, covering the freshwater and coastal ocean areas. Using the gold standard techniques for assembly and gene prediction, the first gene catalog of freshwater microorganisms was generated, containing more than 3.7 million non-redundant genes, predominantly those of bacterial origin (35.73%). The present work comprises the hugest biodiversity ever sampled in Amazon river until now. As an auxiliary system, the AGSSY program was created to assist in the data mining of this catalog, proving to be fast and efficient in this process. The analysis of k-mers diversity suggests that these genes originate from local evolutionary processes. In addition, there is a stratification of the OM processing in the water column, possibly regulated by a sophisticated system of alternative carbon sources use, mainly based on tricarboxylates. The spatial structure of the OM processing genes suggests a zonation of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose degradation. Using hybrid binning methods, taking into account contigs composition and abundance, it was possible to reconstruct 51 non-redundant population genomes. Through the analysis of them, it was possible to verify abundant endemic species belonging to Bacteria and Archaea, with a predominance of the Proteobacterium phylum (39%). Population genome analyzes, together with the gene catalog data, suggest a sophisticated priming model for the degradation of terrestrial OM in the Amazon River. Such a model would be based on the retroinhibition undergone by organisms that oxidize lignin, and in a community of microorganisms using alternative carbon sources that blocks this effect.
A dessacralização do cânone: D. João e Julieta e o olhar feminino de Natália Correia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-14) Oliveira, Andrezza Jaquier Pigozzo de; Valentim, Jorge Vicente; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427303771174064; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8818752822860221
This monography aims to analyze the play D. João e Julieta, by the Portuguese writer Natália Correia (1923-1993), to, from there, reflect on authorship writing feminine in the Portuguese dramaturgical space, where the presence of women is still difficult and undervalued. Therefore, the choice of work is symptomatic, since, in it, we find the alteration of a social order established by the patriarchy, through a rereading and a deconstruction of tradition, centered, above all, on the Don Juan character image. With this, the proposed reading highlights the desacralizing gesture and the female perspective of the author by revisiting and recreating two figures from the theatrical universe: Don Juan and Julieta.
Alterações cardiorrespiratórias na prole de ratas submetidas à dieta hiperlipídica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-14) Barbosa, Rafaela Moreira; Colombari, Débora Simões de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1684467594359403; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0228395782582283
In recent decades obesity has become a worldwide epidemic. It has been shown that excessive adipose tissue favors the development of associated diseases such as hypertension, type II diabetes and ventilatory changes. In addition, maternal obesity may interfere in the programming and embryonic, fetal and neonatal development of the neuroendocrine system, increasing the risk of cardiorespiratory diseases from infancy to adulthood. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the cardiovascular, ventilatory and metabolic responses in young (P28-35) and adult (P90) offspring of dams submitted to the high fat diet (HFD). Adult Holtzman dams (240 to 260 g) were submitted to standard diet (SD) or HFD for a period of 6 weeks before mating and during gestation and lactation periods. The offspring was standardized for 8 pups on the third day of life, and were weaned at P21 and only male offspring were used and were fed with SD from this period to the end of the experiments. In young offspring (P28-35 and P40) and adult offspring (P90), we analyzed: a) metabolic profile; b) food and water intake; c) ventilatory responses during the activation of chemoreflex under conditions of hypoxia and hypercapnia; and c) changes in baseline blood pressure and heart rate, as well as baroreflex sensitivity. The results showed that young offspring of dams fed HFD present several changes in the lipid and metabolic profiles, as well as a higher urinary sodium excretion, an increase in ventilatory response to hypoxia and a reduction in baroreflex function. In adult offspring, part of the cardiorespiratory function is partially recovered, although there are still some metabolic alterations, such as increase of the adipose tissue and the serum concentration of triglycerides. In addition, adult offspring of dams fed HFD present hyperphagia. The results show that the young offspring of dams fed HFD has autonomic, ventilatory and metabolic alterations. Partial recovery of cardiorespiratory function in adult offspring of dams fed HFD suggests that these possible intrauterine changes were partially corrected during postnatal development and were adequate in adult life.
Interação genótipo-ambiente e ganhos na seleção em testes de progênies de corymbia citriodora hook.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-14) Souza, Bruno Marchetti; Aguiar, Ananda Virgínia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5613653432409380; Freitas, Miguel Luiz Menezes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8536113635924828; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4939171042574611
Corymbia citriodora is one of the most cultivated hardwood species by small farmers in Brazil, it combines a high growth rate with high wood density. Its timber is used for a wide range of products, such as poles, railway sleepers, posts, scantlings, wharf and construction lumber. Despite its commercial importance, this species does not have a formal breeding program. Genotype-by-environment interaction (GE) is one of the most important elements in the management of a tree breeding program to define breeding zones and to select genotypes that are targeted to specific environmental conditions. The aim of this research was to estimate genetic parameters to understand GE patterns based on C. citriodora progeny tests. The experiment was established using 56 open-pollinated families in three different locations within the Luiz Antônio‟s experimental station in state of São Paulo, Brazil. The three sites differ contrastingly on their soil type (LVM: Red Latosol, QN: Quartzarenic Neosol, LVA: Clay Latosol). The following traits were measured at 30 years of age: total height (HT), diameter at breast height (DBH), stem form and survival. Based on these data the individual stem volume (VOL) was calculated. Statistical analyses and genetic parameters were estimated by REML/BLUP methodology. The MHPRVG (harmonic mean relative performance of genetic values) predicted by BLUP was used to analyze the productivity, stability and adaptability. Based on the genetic values, the genetic gains were estimated considering 4 selection methodologies combined with 10 intensity levels. And finally, an optimal intensity of selection regarding the diversity was calculated for methodology. The survival ranged from 38% (QN site) to 55% (LVC site). The overall mean values for HT and DBH were 26.79 m and 21.5 cm, respectively. The highest growth rates were found in the LVC soil. The GE was not significant to all growth traits. A complex GE was detected only for survival, proving the importance of choosing the right genotypes of the species to specific sites. The joint analysis showed a significant difference between families for DBH, survival and VOL. In the individual analyses, progenies growth traits performances were considerably different only in the QN site. This site also presented high narrow-sense heritability values. The estimated gains were low to moderate peaking 20% on QN site. The selection method that provides superior gains was the family selection. Considering the optimal selection regarding the diversity, the gains ranged from 3.36% to 5.68%, selecting different numbers of individuals. In summary, the families studied here presents potential to obtain considerable genetic gains through selection. However to keep these gains continuous over the next selection cycles it is necessary to incorporate more genetic diversity in order to increase the diversity observed among the progenies.
Sustentabilidade, complexidade e economia: dinâmicas e perspectivas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2018-12-14) Camargo, Jhean Steffan Martines de; Gala, Paulo Sérgio Oliveira de Simões; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3576937472687059; Melo, Ismail Barra Nova de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3576937472687059; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3899576337827186
In the 1960s, the environmental debate took shape with the publication of two classics: Rachel Carlson's Silent Spring and Paul Ehrlich's The Population Bomb. The debate itself challenged the manner in which industrial capitalism acted in ways that caused the killing of other animal species in ways that undermined the fragile ecological that kept the relationship between man and the natural environment stable. Thus, the separation of the phenomena that cause the environmental disturbances of human action in relation to the nature of the harmful effects of animal mortality or the depletion of renewable resources, living or not, is under suspicion. In this text, the object of study is to observe in a logical line the perception of what is environmental collapse, from the analysis of bibliographical references, whose objective is to contextualize in the present how the action of man in the remote past in the history of the Mediterranean caused a environmental collapse that almost led to a food shortage collapse situation. In the same way, we seek to base on theoretical components the explanation versed within the interdisciplinarity between economics, ecology, and physics, in the light of complexity theory. From the results found, one can see an approximation of complexity theory with classical texts such as The Population Bomb or Our Common Future Report, or the Brudtland Report, similarly, by conducting an investigation into environmental indicators such as EPI. (Environmental Performance Index), it is clear that there is a strong convergence between the indicators of economic complexity (ECI) and the EPI.