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Multiferroicity and structural anomalies in Quadruple Perovskite Manganites: case study (A)Mn7O12, A = Na and La
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-15)
Gastaldo, Vinícius Pascotto
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Gauzzi, Andrea
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Oliveira, Adilson Jesus Aparecido de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4640148190073166
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0876908345581008
In this work we study the quadruple perovskite structure manganese oxides NaMn7O12 and LaMn7O12 under the point of view of multiferroicity, magnetoelectric coupling, and also structure anomalies on NaMn7O12. These studies range from the existence to the mechanism of the establishment of multiferroicity and coupling between ferroic orders in these materials. The driving force of the dynamic structural anomalies in NaMn7O12 are also studied with the goal of clarifying the mechanisms of structural distortion and how they relate to the onset of ferroic orders. The results of IXS and DXS experiments show interesting dynamical anomalies in NaMn7O12's structural transition, a softened phonon at the structural modulation wavevector that was shown to be related to diffuse x-ray peaks with a different wavevector point in the direction of competing distortions and that the Jahn-Teller mechanism driven distortion overcome its competitor. A ferroelectric transition was found simultaneous to anomalies in specific heat and magnetization in NaMn7O12. Magnetic hysteresis loops are quite wider in the ferroelectric phase. These properties are explained in function of a magnetoelectricity mediated antiferromagnetic domain wall ordering model. As for LaMn7O12, a ferroelectric transition at the B site antiferromagnetic transition temperature. Besides the particularities of each system, structural and magnetic properties imply that their ferroelectricity is of magnetic origin through the exchange striction mechanism.
Extração de quitosana a partir de resíduo de camarão e seu efeito sobre leveduras do bioetanol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-18)
Tanganini, Isabella Carvalho
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Shirahigue, Ligianne Din
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2928453072274366
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Ceccato-Antonini, Sandra Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7600793543184032
Chitosan is a biopolymer widely used in agriculture and in the food, medical and pharmaceutical industries. It is obtained by the deacetylation of chitin, extracted from the carapace of crustaceans or fungal mycelia. Despite its potential as an antimicrobial agent, chitosan is still not used in the bioethanol industry to control process contaminant yeasts. Dekkera bruxellensis is an opportunistic yeast of great interest to the wine industry and fermentation processes for ethanol production in Brazil, and its control becomes necessary. In this context, the objective of this work was to obtain chitosan from shrimp residues by bacterial fermentation and subsequent chemical deacetylation and to evaluate its inhibitory effect on yeasts from bioethanol production. The bacterial fermentation was carried out in optimized concentrations of residue, inoculum and glucose aiming at higher production of acids. The chitin deacetylation process to obtain chitosan was done by the autoclave method, at 121 oC and 1 atm, using 45% sodium hydroxide. Chitin and chitosan obtained were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The effect of the obtained chitosan (natural) and a commercial chitosan on the growth of D. bruxellensis and an industrial strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (PE-2) was evaluated in sugar cane broth and YPD culture medium. The effect of adding 500 mg/L of natural chitosan to the fermentation in sugar cane broth in co-cultivation with D. bruxellensis was also evaluated. In the chitin extraction by lactic fermentation step, the conditions of higher acid production were 10% (v/v) inoculum of L. plantarum and 100 g / L of glucose. At the concentration of 5% (m/v) residue, the best results were obtained in the fermentation to obtain chitin, producing 23.09 g of lactic acid / 100 mL. The demineralization rate was 77% and deproteinization was 43%. Infrared spectra (FTIR) confirmed the presence of chitin and chitosan in the samples after fermentation and after deacetylation respectively, with 80% deacetylation degree. X-ray diffractograms showed the crystallinity profile of the samples, with chitin being more crystalline. Thermogravimetric analysis showed higher thermal stability of natural chitosan compared to commercial chitosan. Both commercial chitosan and natural chitosan reduced the maximum specific growth rate (μmax) of both yeasts and caused an increase in the lag phase of D. bruxellensis in 6 and 3.5 hours, respectively, at the concentration of 500 mg / L. The same was not observed in S. cerevisiae. This concentration of natural chitosan when added to the fermentation reduced the number of D. bruxellensis in approximately 1 log cycle after 12 hours, with minor effect in S. cerevisiae population. The fermentative efficiency was 22% higher when compared to the fermentation without chitosan. The natural chitosan obtained under the conditions of this work presents as potential antimicrobial to be used in the fermentation for the production of ethanol fuel to control the contaminating yeast D. bruxellensis, without interference in the process.
Sensores inerciais móveis no rastreio e predição de risco de quedas em idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-18)
Bet, Patrícia
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Ponti, Moacir Antonelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5041497500746910
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0256435348164751
Background: The investment in acceleration sensor-based equipment as a fall prevention strategy can represent a viable option for the monitoring of the fall risk. However, more studies are needed on the analysis of such data, in particular for the prediction of future falls to be adopted for health care and prevention. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate patterns for fall risk screening in the elderly with no recent history of fall, through three types of Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests using a single acceleration sensor. Methods: A prospective study was conducted with 74 healthy elderly non-fallers using waist acceleration sensors while performing three variations of the TUG. After evaluation at baseline, the occurrence of falls (outcome) was monitored quarterly during one year. We investigate frequency features extracted from the accelerometry signal and their ability to predict falls. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the groups. Besides, analyze of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were performed. Results and Discussion: The best individual feature result shows an accuracy of 0.75, sensitivity of 0.71 and specificity of 0.76. A fusion of the three best features increases the sensitivity to 0.86. Statistical difference was found in the whole accelerometry data, without any type of processing, for three, six, nine and twelve months of follow-up. The cut-off points of the TUG seconds did not demonstrate adequate sensitivity for community-dwelling elderly. Conclusions: The results confirms previous evidence that accelerometer features can better fall risk, and support potential applications that try to infer falls risk in less restricted scenarios, even in a sample stratified by age and gender composed of active community-dwelling elderly.
Validação de protocolo para a assistência de enfermagem ao paciente no transoperatório de cirurgia cardiovascular com circulação extracorpórea
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-18)
Albuquerque, Carla Lorenna Ferreira de
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Machado, Regimar Carla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1310723429860987
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6642594665041444
Objective: to construct and validate a protocol for the nursing care of the patient in the transoperative period of cardiopulmonary bypass with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Method: methodological, quantitative study, developed in two stages referring to the construction and validation of the content of the protocol. The validation was performed using the Delphi technique in two rounds, with the participation of 14 experts as evaluators of each variable proposed in the protocol. The selection of experts was by snowball sampling. The items included in the instrument were evaluated using the Likert scale, with categories in four levels of importance and the selection of a single response for each analyzed variable, and by the analysis of the content of the instrument with the universal agreement of the index of content validity ( UA-IVC) and the Content Validity Index (CVI). Results: items related to surgical and patient room preparation, intraoperative care and report (intraoperative information) for the ICU were validated. The items obtained a mean score of 90% and UA-IVC concordance of 89%, in which eight items reached the 100% IVC and one the 93% IVC item; however, one item did not reach the IVC ≥80% being recommended the merger together with another item. Conclusion: the results of this study reflect the importance of the nurse's role in the implementation of a protocol with the purpose of guiding safe surgery practices that promote patient safety and effective communication within the context of cardiovascular surgeries.
Revestimento cutâneo de Cianocrilato para pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardiotorácica: revisão sistemática da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-18)
Von Jakitsch, Camila
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Machado, Regimar Carla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1310723429860987
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8228170271475309
Objective: To compare the effectiveness of conventional dressings and / or sutures with cyanoacrylate coatings for the reduction of mediastinitis rates in cardiothoracic surgeries. Methods: Systematic review of the literature conducted according to the recommendations of the Cochrane Handbook. The PRISMA protocol was used as a guide for the systematic review. We searched for randomized controlled trials with no limitations on language and year of publication in the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (Medline), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Virtual Health Library (VHL), Web of Science, Science Direct, Central Cochrane Library and Repository of Gray Literature using the controlled and uncontrolled descriptors. It was also searched in the gray literature, in ANAIS of Congresses, in specific bases on the studied subject and in the references of the references with the purpose of exhausting the literature. Prior to the data analysis, a bias risk control form was used. Results: Four studies (2092 participants) aged 45 to 81 years who used cyanoacrylate in sternotomies were included in order to reduce mediastinitis rates. The studies were consistent with the proposed outcomes and presented a low risk of bias in the areas of the Cochrane Collaboration bias risk table except in the areas of secrecy and masking, since the studies involved surgical procedures. The selected studies responded to the primary outcome of this study, namely reduction of mediastinitis index with the use of cyanoacrylate, but did not respond to proposed secondary outcomes that were reduced hospitalization time and reduced treatment costs. Conclusions: The use of cyanoacrylate based coatings is equivalent to traditional skin preparation in cardiac surgeries, as it does not significantly influence the incidence of Surgical Site Infection (ISC). However, the use of cyanoacrylate decreased the incidence of SSI in groups more prone to infection, namely: elderly patients with chronic diseases (systemic arterial hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus or vascular diseases) and obese patients.
Desenvolvimento de sensores eletroquímicos baseados em nanomateriais de carbono para detecção de diquat em amostras ambientais e tadalafila em amostras farmacêuticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-22)
Zambianco, Naiara Alana
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Zanin, Hudson Giovani
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3846529974544709
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Janegitz, Bruno Campos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7746094938977989
In this work two electrochemical sensors were proposed based on carbon nanomaterials for detection of diquat and tadalafil. For the first was proposed a surface modification of glassy carbon electrode with manioc starch and nanodiamonds dispersion. The other sensor was based on a film of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes with a copper plate like substrate. The glassy carbon electrode modified with nanodiamonds and manioc starch film was characterized electrochemical and morphological characteristics through techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction to understand the electrochemical behavior of the film. Many techniques were analyzed regarding the behavior and quantification of diquat, however, the technique that presented the highest peak current was the square wave voltammetry. After the choice of chemical and electrochemical parameters, was constructed an analytical curve with a linear range of 5.0×10−7 to 4.6×10−5 mol L −1. The limit of detection was 1.1×10−7 mol L− 1. Water samples fortified with diquat were analyzed. In comparison to the works, the glassy carbon electrode modified with nanodiamonds and manioc starch film has a good linear range and a low limit of detection. For the second electrode was chosen for morphological characterization through images obtained by scanning electron microscopy, as well as transmission; in addition to electrochemical characterizations acquired by cyclic voltammetry from the potassium ferri/ferro-cyanide like redox probe. In order to study the electrochemistry of tadalafil were analyzed some voltammetric techniques like cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and square wave voltammetry, especially the linear sweep voltammetry in which the device reached the highest anodic peak current. Optimizing the parameters, the analytical determination of tadalafil comprised a linear concentration range of 0.85 to 8.9×10−6 mol L−1 where the limit of detection was 7.8×10−8 mol L−1. The samples selected for validation of the device were drugs obtained from pharmacies in the city of Araras being a generic and a manipulated drug.
Direito à moradia adequada para a pessoa idosa de baixa renda: um estudo quanti-qualitativo sobre políticas públicas habitacionais no interior do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-22)
Silva, Nayara Mendes
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Monteiro, Luzia Cristina Antoniossi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2890278808923978
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1791265073266957
It is alarming the speed with which the elderly population has been growing in recent years. Faced with this undeniable phenomenon, urban space has an increasing concentration of elderly. In this context, problems are intensifying and socio-spatial inequalities reduce the possibilities of achieving the right to adequate housing. Attentive to this question, the World Health Organization has launched in 2007 the "Global Age-friendly Cities: A Guide", which advocates actions based on eight main axes, in favor of accessible and coherent urban planning for the aging of the population. Thus, this research aimed to analyze the habitability conditions and the functional capacity of the residents of two exclusive condominiums for the elderly: Vila Dignidade and Recanto Feliz, both implemented through public policies for low income elderly people in the city of Araraquara-SP. This is a transversal, descriptive research based on the assumptions of the quanti-qualitative method, with exploratory fieldwork, through visits to housing estates, with the application of the following instruments: the Vancouver Protocol, same resource used in the development of the Global Guide Age-Friendly Cities and the BOMFAQ questionnaire to check participants' levels of independence. The quantitative data were analyzed by means of simple descriptive statistics and the qualitative ones, in the light of the theoretical reference. Were interviewed 40 residents (24 from Recanto Feliz and 16 from Vila Dignidade). As to functional capacity, it was found that Recanto Feliz elderly presented less functional impairment than those of Vila Dignidade. Regarding the analysis of the eight axes of the Vancouver Protocol, the location of the condominiums had an impact on the residents' perception of the city of Araraquara, but Vila Dignidade interviewees were more satisfied than Recanto Feliz, except in relation to their homes. Regarding accessibility conditions, it was identified aspects to be improved in both condominiums, internally, regarding the need for physical adaptations of Vila Dignidade housings, and externally, regarding the importance of improving the infrastructure in the Neighborhood Unit of Recanto Feliz. The results obtained, combined with the theoretical development developed in this study, provided support for the interpretation of what represents adequate housing and how much this aspect influences the quality of life of the elderly person, and consequently, the capacity to enjoy the urban space.
Proposta de modelo de gestão da pesquisa inovativa para programas de pós-graduação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-24)
Leite, Renato Cesar
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Pessoa, José Dalton Cruz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4212703554284544
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Sousa, Cristina Paiva de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319
Innovation and startup are words that represent the solutions to solve the major global problems. In general, some contitions were criated to explores economy utilizing courses and events. The innovation is a movement that: i) is aligned to knoledge Society and ii) incentivates the criative solutions to problems related to health, environment among others. The startup definition is the commercial innovation, justified by the necessity to generate jobs, principally to the students that leave Universities. The innovation and startup cause impact macroeconomic when attend the consumers necessities and/or generate new markets. In both cases, the frontiers are expanded. In Brazil, the innovative research is made mainly in graduate programs, with dissertations and thesis with potential to generate products to the Market. The graduation programs goal is to graduate the students and maintain the organizational infrastructure to this achieve the objective. To solve the dilema between the objective (evaluated by Capes) and expand the products to Society, some adaptations need to be done. This Thesis search for a solution to the question: how the make the management concerning the research programs in order to plot the Technologies directed to the market? The answer is a management model based in inovation and technology observation with i) planning; ii) coordenation and support to innovation and iii) education to the managers. The planning is the linked to the research project; the second is to executate in all develeping process and assuring the property of the Discovery. The third element is the education based on new knoledges, contacts and the supervisors, transforming the research in a successful new element.
Separação de misturas no ensino fundamental: mapas conceituais e resolução de problemas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-24)
Costa, Luís Felipe Souza Paulino da
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Hartwig, Dácio Rodney
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2117484495394739
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Rocha Filho, Romeu Cardozo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5200717413563550
This professional master's work is focused on the following research question: "How and to what extent does the effect of concept maps on the solving of experimental problems related the separation of mixtures in junior high school?". Its objectives are: to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze concept maps developed by the students; to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the solutions developed by the students for the experimental problems; to determine whether there are correlations between the concept maps and the solutions for the experimental problems developed by the students. All the work development, carried out with students from two private junior high schools, is based on the theory of meaningful learning, with emphasis on concept maps. An advance organizer was used, demonstrative classes were taught (using an instructional text), and a familiarization of the students with concept maps was done. Afterwards, the students developed concept maps related to the concepts involved in the resolution of six experimental problems, which were later solved by the students. The concept maps and problem solutions were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed, aiming to determine whether there were correlations between them. The analysis of the concept maps was done comparatively to reference concept maps, organized according to the principles of the theory of meaningful learning (progressive differentiation and integrative reconciliation). A good correlation was found only between the results obtained in the concept maps and the solutions of the problems when the maps were linear. For the branched concept maps, the students had difficulty in the hierarchization of concepts, from more general concepts to less-specific ones, as well as in the integrative reconciliation; nevertheless, they presented an increasing performance along the resolution of the problems. Finally, the students (~50%) expressed themselves on the use of concept maps. According to the majority opinion, they are a facilitative tool for learning and for the organization of what is being learned, also being useful for other subjects.
Educação infantil e educação das relações étnico-raciais: motivações docentes, possibilidades e desafios nos centros de educação infantil de Sorocaba (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-24)
Garcia, Vanessa Ferreira
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Santos, Maria Walburga dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9964848917453838
The present research has the objective of analyzing how the education of ethnic-racial relations are understood by the teachers of early childhood education in municipal schools in Sorocaba (SP). The research had a qualitative methodology and theoretical basis in the Studies of Childhood in Brazil; articulated with research on the education of ethnic-racial relations. The methodological stages occurred through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews on the education of ethnic-racial relations, focusing the motivational bases, possibilities and challenges in the implementation of practices of valorization to racial equality. Participants were teachers who work with children from zero to five years of age. Together with the bibliographical and documentary research of the goals set out in the Municipal Education Plan (2015 to 2025) and the Municipal Plan for Early Childhood (2016 to 2026), was made a cut of the current panorama of the city, in order to outline indicators on how education of ethnic-racial relations in children's education is articulated, the difficulties faced and the actions carried out by the teachers. The analysis of the data of the teachers indicates that deepening for actions, formations and collective proposals are considered as difficulties. In this context, actions for the promotion of racial equality occurred, for the most part, on the initiative of teachers who seek external materials and training with their own resources.
Uma proposta contextualizada para o ensino médio: regressão linear
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-25)
Sandre, Orlando Cesar
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Venezuela, Antonio Luís
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8722224671269332
This work has as the main objective the teaching of Linear Regression contextualized to High School students. For this, it was elaborated a plan of teaching unity which has four class plans. The class plans are structured so that the student, through the data provided by the teacher, uses it to the analysis and the creation of tables and charts, determination of the linear regression line equation and the determination of linear correlation. The content which will be used is the High Scholl Statistics and Related Function. It will be presented three sets of data with diferent situations where the Linear Regression can be used. The first one is from a hospital where the data are the number of calls in one day and the average daily temperature. The second situation is in a company where it analyses the production and the number of worked hours. The third situation is an analysis of systolic pressure of women and their age. Like this, we look to show in three di erent situations the use of the Linear Regression, which can be adapted by the teacher according to the daily life of their students.
A influência de instituições e do arcabouço institucional na emissão de gases de efeito estufa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-25)
Tateishi, Henrique Ryosuke
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Bragagnolo, Cassiano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3604206454925741
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8219655367037064
This study investigated the effectiveness of the Kyoto Protocol (KP) in regards to the Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions reduction on the first and early second decades of 2000s. It has also taken into account the institutional, such as democracy and property rights levels and development impacts of a countries. Furthermore, it has proposed to analyze the economic performance of Gross Product Value output and the environmental performance concerning the GHG emissions employing a technical efficiency and an environment efficiency measures, respectively. Moreover, it has been proposed to verify the effect of institutional framework on these efficiencies. This study employed a difference in difference model to measure the KP effectiveness and a stochastic frontier analysis to estimate the economic and environmental performances. The results point out an overall low effectiveness of KP. Taking into account different groups of countries with similar characteristics of development or institutional quality, the effectiveness of KP was also low. Countries with low development, low urbanization area covered and high inequality tended to reduce its emissions considering the time difference. Countries with high property rights and democracy level tended to increase the emissions over time. The effect of KP ratification was positive (reduced emissions) for the countries with average institutional and development levels. However, the effect of ratification was negative on the extremes: lowest and highest institutional quality and development levels. The main driver of economic output was capital input and the level of economic output presented a higher share in GHG emissions than the non-renewable energy utilization. The overall economic performance was higher than overall environmental performance. The analysis of the impact of institutional framework on efficiencies suggests mixed results.
Adoção de práticas de intensificação sustentável na olericultura da Serra Fluminense: uma análise a partir dos recursos e capacidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-28)
Leite, Antonio Edson
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Souza Filho, Hildo Meirelles de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3740950346967524
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4754260090833830
Issues related to the sustainability of productive activities have been the subject of many discussions in various sectors. Agriculture is not excluded from this situation, as resource depletion tends to hamper increased production. In order to meet growing demand, it is essential to adopt technologies and practices that minimize the effects of the farm and also increase productivity in the exploited areas. In this context, the concept of sustainable intensification of production emerges. According to this approach, food security in the future depends on the use of practices and technologies to reconcile increased soil fertility, more efficient use of nutrients and increased food supply. Previous research has sought to identify the factors that may lead to the adoption of sustainable intensification practices (PIS) in agriculture, however, few studies have been devoted to this topic within the olericultura. In view of this reality, the present research sought to identify the determinants of the adoption of practices of sustainable intensification in the olericultura based on a theoretical framework based on the View Based on Resources (VBR) and on the dynamic capabilibities. To do so, a survey was carried out with 213 farmers from the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro, and the data were collected between April and May 2015. The results obtained by the analyzes allowed to identify that the adoption of PIS depends on the strategic choices of the producers in relation to the intended market. However, such choices can only be successful when producers have the necessary production resources, including machinery and equipment, as well as the capabilities built into them. It can also be concluded that the management capabilities stimulated by the strategic choices, from courses and organizational learning, allow a better allocation of resources and the reconfiguration of routines, making possible the adoption of PIS by olericultores.
Adaptação curricular em atividades de leitura e escrita para alunos com deficiência intelectual na perspectiva colaborativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-31)
Muniz, Joice Daiane
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Galvani, Márcia Duarte
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6866106661255961
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9126356340687228
The inclusion of students with intellectual deficiency is not only due to enrollment in the regular school system, but also to the guarantee of permanence and effective learning. Given this, there is a direction of actions for the school that can create and organize practices capable of effectively learning the school contents. In this sense, the general objective of the research was to evaluate adaptations in reading and writing content for students with intellectual deficiency in the collaborative perspective, while the specific objectives were: (a) characterize a pedagogical practice implemented by the teacher; (b) verify the profile of class students in reading and writing performance; (c) elaborate and apply a reading and writing intervention proposal based on the collaborative model and (d) check the effectiveness of the intervention proposal. The study included the teacher of the 2nd grade of Elementary School and her students, one of them with an intellectual deficiency report and her mother. The study was characterized as a collaborative research with qualitative focus. For this, a data collection happened in a state public school of the medium-sized city in the interior of the state of São Paulo-SP. To achieve the proposed objectives, the participants answered: (a) a semi-structured interview script for the teacher; (b) School Performance Test - SPT for students; (c) Interview script for the mother; (d) roadmap for an intervention proposal; (e) an intervention proposal evaluation questionnaire. Qualitative analysis was performed through the elaboration of categories, with the data obtained in the analyzes, as well as interviews and quantitative and qualitative analyzes with the data obtained through the School Performance Test – SPT. As for the results, it was found that the teacher encouraged the participation of students in class and that she was aware that the student with intellectual deficiency needed individualized attention, as well as different adaptations in the content worked and the way of teaching. It is still possible that the teacher does not make these adaptations for students with intellectual deficiency, because there is a parallel demand to the other students in the class. School performance in reading and writing skills showed that all students were at the same level, according to the School Performance Test - SPT. Respect for the elaboration of adapted curricular activities, was visible or the involvement of the teacher in all the meetings, as well as the planning of activities for the teaching and learning process of students with intellectual deficiency in the ability for reading and writing. In the evaluation procedure of the intervention proposal, it was noticed the participation of students with intellectual deficiency in classes and activities with greater autonomy and involvement. It was concluded, therefore, that these are recommended actions for in-service training for teachers on how to contemplate their curriculum adaptation planning to support the inclusion of students with intellectual deficiency.
Índice de governança sustentável: processos que ampliam a capacidade de governo - o caso de Catanduva, Sp
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-01)
Sanches, Maria Cristina Pinheiro Machado
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Falcoski, Luiz Antonio Nigro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3200660670856698
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0789500150383713
This research proposes to develop the Sustainable Governance Index (IGS), with concentrated and detailed variables in the processes of elaboration, implementation and management of public policies, under the three levels of the Carlos Matus Governance Triangle - project, governance and capacity; as well as to ensure the involvement of the population in the daily routine of municipal public management. In this way, the IGS serves as an evaluator of public policy processes by governance (public power, private initiative and community), as well as guiding guideline procedures. This is a methodological research that seeks the construction of an index that is capable of evaluating and guiding urban governance. That is, the present research is permeating the constant doubt: "How can we evaluate, monitor, direct, guide and promote urban governance?". The thesis aims at variables of procedures, knowledge, relations and actions, among others, that can influence the success of governance processes, following the principle of democratic management of cities and involving actors in responsibilities and rights, taking advantage of latent synergies. In this, the variables that make up the IGS are selected from the development of the chapters. Firstly, a bibliographical review on the public sphere and governance is carried out, from which the stages of governance and social participation from the most primary to the supposedly more developed, according to the variables that characterize it, are categorized. Then some of the documents that deal with the themes "right to the city" and "environmental balance" are studied: "Cities Charter", "New Urban Agenda" and "Sustainable Development Objectives" (ODS). From this study it was possible to identify common approaches between them. In the same way, the strategies used by public policy observatories as social control of results and means are studied; as well as to motivate municipal management to set public policy agendas to achieve goals and objectives. These strategies are related to the variables of the desired governance stage. Thus, the IGS methodology is designed. The common approaches identified in the documents studied are organized in 5 dimensions; whose cut of the IGS is established in the dimension here titled "Participatory and inclusive governance". The variables that make up the IGS are selected from these approaches related to governance strategies. Of the variables selected, the municipal urban governance evaluation questionnaire was composed of 92 indicators, organized in 27 blocks and 5 axes. Each indicator is a question that composes the questionnaire. In the proposed methodology the system of qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the answers is developed. From then on the IGS is applied in Catanduva, SP, as a case study. In this city the key actors and public and civil managers of public policies are identified, especially those policies geared towards the territorial and environmental physical environment. From the sample size study by the bibliographic recommendation, 68 questionnaires were applied. Parallel to this and still related to the variables of the IGS are analyzed the implementation, change and management flows of some documents - such as the Government Plan of the last two municipal administrations and the Participatory Master Plan of 2006; as well as emerging public policies in the city at the time of the survey. From the results of the application of the IGS questionnaire it was possible to identify intervals of governance excellence from the variables selected for this index and eminent vulnerabilities in the municipal governance processes; especially on the issues surrounding the governance of the system. As well as verifying the fragility of the public policies studied, the insufficiency of social control and the bureaucratization of the participation of the population, among others. In the application of the questionnaire, the lowest results achieved relate to the governance of the system; mainly in the production and dissemination of knowledge. It is expected that the continuous application of the IGS in the cities will assist in the orientation and implementation of the governance processes; but also allows greater transparency and access of society to municipal public management, and is an instrument capable of developing local capacities of technicians and community.
Práticas de ensino etnicorraciais no currículo em ação no ensino fundamental I
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-01)
Araújo, Natália Cristina Cabrera
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Lima, Emília Freitas de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5515637339275988
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3770328469972366
The education of ethno-racial relations, the focus of this research, provided for the Law 10.639/2003, deals with the teaching of Afro-Brazilian and African history and culture emphasizing the importance of black culture in the formation of Brazilian society, and introducing in the school curriculum the theme of diversity and difference. Based on this, the general objective of this research is to understand how work is articulated with the education of ethno-racial relations, in order to identify practices that reveal the potential of overcoming prejudices and inequalities, in this sphere of social relations, in the curriculum in action in the Elementary School. The study was developed in a school unit of the municipal education system of the city of São Carlos, SP, through an intervention type research in which the researcher was also the teacher of the class. The intervention involved the activities developed during one semester, in 2017, in the class of 2nd year of Elementary School under the responsibility of the teacher-researcher. The activities carried out in the classroom were recorded in audio and registered in field diaries, constituting the data of the research. The research was based on theoretical references related to the intercultural perspective, to ethno-racial relations and to the curriculum. The organization of the data was based on episodes referring to both programmed and spontaneous activities, involving pedagogical practices that had aspects related to the theme in focus. The analysis of data and interlacing with the literature brought important considerations to the teaching practice and, above all, to the pedagogical work on the ethno-racial theme related to the black population in the curriculum in action in the intercultural perspective, which privileges the respect and appreciation of the "other" as well as mutual collaboration. In addition, it has been shown that it is possible to work pedagogically with ethno-racial relations in all curricular components in elementary school - initial years, either in a previously planned or spontaneous way, from situations generated in the curriculum in action. The paper also sought to show some possibilities for rethinking the ways of educating for diversity and reconstructing educational processes geared towards the excluded people, based on the idea that much of what went wrong with the world came from education anchored only in Eurocentric thought, without the due critical eye. Working ethno-racial in the intercultural approach is not to impose ideas or ideals, it is to propose ideas and ideals. It is listening to the voice and not giving the voice. It is giving oneself respect and not imposing respect. It is dialogue and not determination. Finally, to work in the perspective that we defend is: destabilize and reconstruct stereotyped concepts about the black people in our society and show that everything is learned through the act of education, because if we can learn to hate, we can also learn to respect.
"Ai, se eu te pego!": um caso de (in)fidelidade - uma leitura holística do hit e suas traduções para o inglês e espanhol à luz da análise crítica do discurso e dos estudos de tradução
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-01)
Santos, Julio César Ribeiro dos
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Martins, Maria Sílvia Cintra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9241992645160356
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5388166555913162
We value ourselves from the hit "Ai, si te tego" (TELÓ et al., 2011), viral because of the insertion in multiple discursive practices (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001), and its translations into the English language and the Spanish language for the test of the theoretical-methodological approach of the Translation Studies (LOW, 2003, 2005; VENUTI, 2000; PYM, 2017) and the Critical Discourse Analysis (see Fairclough, 1989, 2001) in the research on the unfolding and problematization of the issues "sense", "fidelity", "domestication / foreignization" (VENUTI, 2000) and "power relations". The research, which has a qualitative nature and ethnographic basis (CRESEWELL, 2010), had 19 informants distributed in three groups and two other informants contacted at different moments of the progress of the research in confrontation / discussion with the researcher's analysis. From the results: a) the translation proposals sin on the questions of naturalness and meaning (see Low, 2005); b) all the informants accuse the same lexical problems; c) the lexical alternatives proposed by native speakers of the foreign languages and speakers of the English and / or Spanish language as L2 disagree; d) the original and the translation proposals are in line with the maintenance of the hegemonic ideology, which is shown in a more crystalline way in the video clip of the proposal for the English language. Although on a rudimentary level, the approximation between discursive studies and translation studies proves to be productive, thus becoming a call for researchers in the field
Efeitos do cádmio e do cobalto no crescimento e em parâmetros bioquímicos e fotossintéticos da clorofícea Raphidocelis subcapitata
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-01)
Reis, Larissa Luiza dos
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Melão, Maria da Graça Gama
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8342306603661310
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0830653164383767
Heavy metals may cause damage to the biota of contaminated environments. The use of multiple endpoints is necessary to better elucidate the mechanisms of toxicity of these compounds. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of cadmium (Cd) and cobalt (Co) on growth, biochemical and photosynthetic parameters of the microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata, through quantification of carbohydrates, lipid composition, concentration of chlorophyll a (Chl a), maximum (ΦM) and effective quantum yields (Φ’M), efficiency of oxygen evolving complex (OEC) and photochemical and non-photochemical quenchings analysis. To date, this is the first study reporting Co effects in lipid classes of a freshwater Chlorophyceae. After 96 hours of exposure, we found an IC50 of 0.58 and 0.85 µM of Cd and Co, respectively. Both metals led to increase of total lipid content and reduction of efficiency of OEC and of ΦM. Chl a was the most efficient endpoint to detect Cd toxicity, after 96 hours of treatment. In relation to Co, cell density and total lipids content were the most sensitive endpoints, since they were altered in all concentrations. The lipid classes most affected by Cd were wax esters – WE (8-fold increase), and triglycerides – TAG (47% reduction), and Co exposure were sterols – ST (4-fold increase), and acetone mobile polar lipid – AMPL (60% reduction). The use of several endpoints enables to detect differences between the mechanisms of action of each metal, as well as the consequences to microalgae. In addition, the cell-level toxicity assessments carried out in this study based on biochemical parameters and photosynthetic efficiency provided faster responses regarding the damage caused by Cd and Co compared to traditional assessments in ecotoxicology, such as cell density measures, specially with regard to interference of Co in the biochemical composition of the microalgae.
O papel das aves na dispersão de sementes da espécie exótica Schefflera actinophylla (Apiales, Araliaceae): potencial de invasibilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-05)
Marcelino, Paula Guarini
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Piña-Rodrigues, Fátima Conceição Márquez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1475369713141675
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Piratelli, Augusto João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058
Anthropogenic activities affect landscapes, biodiversity and ecosystem services. These actions impair animal/plant interactions, mainly involving frugivorous birds. The dispersion played by birds allows plant species to colonize distant areas, increasing the risk of invasion when an exotic species in involved. Exotic species are able to survive and grow, competing with native species resources and may cause changes in plant communities. In this research, we evaluated the potential for invasiveness of the exotic species Schefflera actinophylla (Cheflera), by analyzing bird-fruit interactions, phenophases and fruit offer, and seed germination. The study was carried out from September 2017 to September 2018 in both Carlos Alberto de Souza Park and Quinzinho de Barros Municipal Zoo, in the city of Sorocaba, state of São Paulo. We observed bird species, number and length of visits, number of ingested fruits, feeding behavior and fruit manipulation strategies. We considered the feeding categories of engulf, mash, pick, remove and drop. To estimate the germination percentage, we collected seeds from fruits of the focal trees and from feces of some captive birds. We compared seeds collected from green, immature, mature, fallen and from feces (Mimus saturninus and Turdus rufiventris). High percentage of germination (83.20 ± 8.16%) were observed in all treatments, and no germination for green fruit seeds. Phenophases in different individuals varied from 0 to 25% with the presence of some event. We consider as main potential seed dispersers, Pitangus sulphuratus, Turdus leucomelas and Megarynchus pitangua, with the predominant behavior of engulf the whole fruits (92% of the fruits), together with their frequency of visits (145 visits) and high number of ingested fruits (621 fruits). Feces of M. saturninus and T. rufiventris produced viable seeds, but with a lower percentage of germination. Natural regeneration was observed in the field, possibly from seeds dispersed by birds. Based on seed germination and presence of seedlings in the field, we concluded that Cheflera has a potential to be an invader, and its use in urban design should be avoided.
Física e Geociências: uma proposta interdisciplinar para o ensino de Termodinâmica e Ondulatória
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-05)
Retamero, Alex Amilton Costa
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Gebara, Maria José Fontana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6585493065968961
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Dias, Airton Natanael Coelho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070166380084691
The aim of the work was to verify the limit and contributions of the association between Physic and Geosciences in the High School. To this, two Potentially Meaningful Teaching Units (PMTUS) were developed based in either theories (or models): Interdisciplinary Island of Rationality (IIR) of Gerard Fourez and of the David Ausubel's Theory of significant learning. Developed in 2017 for the second year students of a private school in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, the PMTUS were applied from contents of Thermodynamic and Waves. These contents were approached from the study of Climate and Interior Model of the Earth. Preliminary results indicate that the association of Physics and Geosciences can motivate students and give meaning to the contents studied.