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Desenvolvimento de sensores eletroquímicos baseados em nanomateriais de carbono para detecção de diquat em amostras ambientais e tadalafila em amostras farmacêuticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-22)
Zambianco, Naiara Alana
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Zanin, Hudson Giovani
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3846529974544709
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Janegitz, Bruno Campos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7746094938977989
In this work two electrochemical sensors were proposed based on carbon nanomaterials for detection of diquat and tadalafil. For the first was proposed a surface modification of glassy carbon electrode with manioc starch and nanodiamonds dispersion. The other sensor was based on a film of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes with a copper plate like substrate. The glassy carbon electrode modified with nanodiamonds and manioc starch film was characterized electrochemical and morphological characteristics through techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction to understand the electrochemical behavior of the film. Many techniques were analyzed regarding the behavior and quantification of diquat, however, the technique that presented the highest peak current was the square wave voltammetry. After the choice of chemical and electrochemical parameters, was constructed an analytical curve with a linear range of 5.0×10−7 to 4.6×10−5 mol L −1. The limit of detection was 1.1×10−7 mol L− 1. Water samples fortified with diquat were analyzed. In comparison to the works, the glassy carbon electrode modified with nanodiamonds and manioc starch film has a good linear range and a low limit of detection. For the second electrode was chosen for morphological characterization through images obtained by scanning electron microscopy, as well as transmission; in addition to electrochemical characterizations acquired by cyclic voltammetry from the potassium ferri/ferro-cyanide like redox probe. In order to study the electrochemistry of tadalafil were analyzed some voltammetric techniques like cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and square wave voltammetry, especially the linear sweep voltammetry in which the device reached the highest anodic peak current. Optimizing the parameters, the analytical determination of tadalafil comprised a linear concentration range of 0.85 to 8.9×10−6 mol L−1 where the limit of detection was 7.8×10−8 mol L−1. The samples selected for validation of the device were drugs obtained from pharmacies in the city of Araras being a generic and a manipulated drug.
Direito à moradia adequada para a pessoa idosa de baixa renda: um estudo quanti-qualitativo sobre políticas públicas habitacionais no interior do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-22)
Silva, Nayara Mendes
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Monteiro, Luzia Cristina Antoniossi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2890278808923978
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1791265073266957
It is alarming the speed with which the elderly population has been growing in recent years. Faced with this undeniable phenomenon, urban space has an increasing concentration of elderly. In this context, problems are intensifying and socio-spatial inequalities reduce the possibilities of achieving the right to adequate housing. Attentive to this question, the World Health Organization has launched in 2007 the "Global Age-friendly Cities: A Guide", which advocates actions based on eight main axes, in favor of accessible and coherent urban planning for the aging of the population. Thus, this research aimed to analyze the habitability conditions and the functional capacity of the residents of two exclusive condominiums for the elderly: Vila Dignidade and Recanto Feliz, both implemented through public policies for low income elderly people in the city of Araraquara-SP. This is a transversal, descriptive research based on the assumptions of the quanti-qualitative method, with exploratory fieldwork, through visits to housing estates, with the application of the following instruments: the Vancouver Protocol, same resource used in the development of the Global Guide Age-Friendly Cities and the BOMFAQ questionnaire to check participants' levels of independence. The quantitative data were analyzed by means of simple descriptive statistics and the qualitative ones, in the light of the theoretical reference. Were interviewed 40 residents (24 from Recanto Feliz and 16 from Vila Dignidade). As to functional capacity, it was found that Recanto Feliz elderly presented less functional impairment than those of Vila Dignidade. Regarding the analysis of the eight axes of the Vancouver Protocol, the location of the condominiums had an impact on the residents' perception of the city of Araraquara, but Vila Dignidade interviewees were more satisfied than Recanto Feliz, except in relation to their homes. Regarding accessibility conditions, it was identified aspects to be improved in both condominiums, internally, regarding the need for physical adaptations of Vila Dignidade housings, and externally, regarding the importance of improving the infrastructure in the Neighborhood Unit of Recanto Feliz. The results obtained, combined with the theoretical development developed in this study, provided support for the interpretation of what represents adequate housing and how much this aspect influences the quality of life of the elderly person, and consequently, the capacity to enjoy the urban space.
Proposta de modelo de gestão da pesquisa inovativa para programas de pós-graduação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-24)
Leite, Renato Cesar
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Pessoa, José Dalton Cruz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4212703554284544
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Sousa, Cristina Paiva de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319
Innovation and startup are words that represent the solutions to solve the major global problems. In general, some contitions were criated to explores economy utilizing courses and events. The innovation is a movement that: i) is aligned to knoledge Society and ii) incentivates the criative solutions to problems related to health, environment among others. The startup definition is the commercial innovation, justified by the necessity to generate jobs, principally to the students that leave Universities. The innovation and startup cause impact macroeconomic when attend the consumers necessities and/or generate new markets. In both cases, the frontiers are expanded. In Brazil, the innovative research is made mainly in graduate programs, with dissertations and thesis with potential to generate products to the Market. The graduation programs goal is to graduate the students and maintain the organizational infrastructure to this achieve the objective. To solve the dilema between the objective (evaluated by Capes) and expand the products to Society, some adaptations need to be done. This Thesis search for a solution to the question: how the make the management concerning the research programs in order to plot the Technologies directed to the market? The answer is a management model based in inovation and technology observation with i) planning; ii) coordenation and support to innovation and iii) education to the managers. The planning is the linked to the research project; the second is to executate in all develeping process and assuring the property of the Discovery. The third element is the education based on new knoledges, contacts and the supervisors, transforming the research in a successful new element.
Separação de misturas no ensino fundamental: mapas conceituais e resolução de problemas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-24)
Costa, Luís Felipe Souza Paulino da
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Hartwig, Dácio Rodney
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2117484495394739
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Rocha Filho, Romeu Cardozo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5200717413563550
This professional master's work is focused on the following research question: "How and to what extent does the effect of concept maps on the solving of experimental problems related the separation of mixtures in junior high school?". Its objectives are: to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze concept maps developed by the students; to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the solutions developed by the students for the experimental problems; to determine whether there are correlations between the concept maps and the solutions for the experimental problems developed by the students. All the work development, carried out with students from two private junior high schools, is based on the theory of meaningful learning, with emphasis on concept maps. An advance organizer was used, demonstrative classes were taught (using an instructional text), and a familiarization of the students with concept maps was done. Afterwards, the students developed concept maps related to the concepts involved in the resolution of six experimental problems, which were later solved by the students. The concept maps and problem solutions were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed, aiming to determine whether there were correlations between them. The analysis of the concept maps was done comparatively to reference concept maps, organized according to the principles of the theory of meaningful learning (progressive differentiation and integrative reconciliation). A good correlation was found only between the results obtained in the concept maps and the solutions of the problems when the maps were linear. For the branched concept maps, the students had difficulty in the hierarchization of concepts, from more general concepts to less-specific ones, as well as in the integrative reconciliation; nevertheless, they presented an increasing performance along the resolution of the problems. Finally, the students (~50%) expressed themselves on the use of concept maps. According to the majority opinion, they are a facilitative tool for learning and for the organization of what is being learned, also being useful for other subjects.
Educação infantil e educação das relações étnico-raciais: motivações docentes, possibilidades e desafios nos centros de educação infantil de Sorocaba (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-24)
Garcia, Vanessa Ferreira
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Santos, Maria Walburga dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9964848917453838
The present research has the objective of analyzing how the education of ethnic-racial relations are understood by the teachers of early childhood education in municipal schools in Sorocaba (SP). The research had a qualitative methodology and theoretical basis in the Studies of Childhood in Brazil; articulated with research on the education of ethnic-racial relations. The methodological stages occurred through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews on the education of ethnic-racial relations, focusing the motivational bases, possibilities and challenges in the implementation of practices of valorization to racial equality. Participants were teachers who work with children from zero to five years of age. Together with the bibliographical and documentary research of the goals set out in the Municipal Education Plan (2015 to 2025) and the Municipal Plan for Early Childhood (2016 to 2026), was made a cut of the current panorama of the city, in order to outline indicators on how education of ethnic-racial relations in children's education is articulated, the difficulties faced and the actions carried out by the teachers. The analysis of the data of the teachers indicates that deepening for actions, formations and collective proposals are considered as difficulties. In this context, actions for the promotion of racial equality occurred, for the most part, on the initiative of teachers who seek external materials and training with their own resources.
Uma proposta contextualizada para o ensino médio: regressão linear
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-25)
Sandre, Orlando Cesar
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Venezuela, Antonio Luís
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8722224671269332
This work has as the main objective the teaching of Linear Regression contextualized to High School students. For this, it was elaborated a plan of teaching unity which has four class plans. The class plans are structured so that the student, through the data provided by the teacher, uses it to the analysis and the creation of tables and charts, determination of the linear regression line equation and the determination of linear correlation. The content which will be used is the High Scholl Statistics and Related Function. It will be presented three sets of data with diferent situations where the Linear Regression can be used. The first one is from a hospital where the data are the number of calls in one day and the average daily temperature. The second situation is in a company where it analyses the production and the number of worked hours. The third situation is an analysis of systolic pressure of women and their age. Like this, we look to show in three di erent situations the use of the Linear Regression, which can be adapted by the teacher according to the daily life of their students.
A influência de instituições e do arcabouço institucional na emissão de gases de efeito estufa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-25)
Tateishi, Henrique Ryosuke
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Bragagnolo, Cassiano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3604206454925741
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8219655367037064
This study investigated the effectiveness of the Kyoto Protocol (KP) in regards to the Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions reduction on the first and early second decades of 2000s. It has also taken into account the institutional, such as democracy and property rights levels and development impacts of a countries. Furthermore, it has proposed to analyze the economic performance of Gross Product Value output and the environmental performance concerning the GHG emissions employing a technical efficiency and an environment efficiency measures, respectively. Moreover, it has been proposed to verify the effect of institutional framework on these efficiencies. This study employed a difference in difference model to measure the KP effectiveness and a stochastic frontier analysis to estimate the economic and environmental performances. The results point out an overall low effectiveness of KP. Taking into account different groups of countries with similar characteristics of development or institutional quality, the effectiveness of KP was also low. Countries with low development, low urbanization area covered and high inequality tended to reduce its emissions considering the time difference. Countries with high property rights and democracy level tended to increase the emissions over time. The effect of KP ratification was positive (reduced emissions) for the countries with average institutional and development levels. However, the effect of ratification was negative on the extremes: lowest and highest institutional quality and development levels. The main driver of economic output was capital input and the level of economic output presented a higher share in GHG emissions than the non-renewable energy utilization. The overall economic performance was higher than overall environmental performance. The analysis of the impact of institutional framework on efficiencies suggests mixed results.
Adoção de práticas de intensificação sustentável na olericultura da Serra Fluminense: uma análise a partir dos recursos e capacidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-28)
Leite, Antonio Edson
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Souza Filho, Hildo Meirelles de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3740950346967524
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4754260090833830
Issues related to the sustainability of productive activities have been the subject of many discussions in various sectors. Agriculture is not excluded from this situation, as resource depletion tends to hamper increased production. In order to meet growing demand, it is essential to adopt technologies and practices that minimize the effects of the farm and also increase productivity in the exploited areas. In this context, the concept of sustainable intensification of production emerges. According to this approach, food security in the future depends on the use of practices and technologies to reconcile increased soil fertility, more efficient use of nutrients and increased food supply. Previous research has sought to identify the factors that may lead to the adoption of sustainable intensification practices (PIS) in agriculture, however, few studies have been devoted to this topic within the olericultura. In view of this reality, the present research sought to identify the determinants of the adoption of practices of sustainable intensification in the olericultura based on a theoretical framework based on the View Based on Resources (VBR) and on the dynamic capabilibities. To do so, a survey was carried out with 213 farmers from the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro, and the data were collected between April and May 2015. The results obtained by the analyzes allowed to identify that the adoption of PIS depends on the strategic choices of the producers in relation to the intended market. However, such choices can only be successful when producers have the necessary production resources, including machinery and equipment, as well as the capabilities built into them. It can also be concluded that the management capabilities stimulated by the strategic choices, from courses and organizational learning, allow a better allocation of resources and the reconfiguration of routines, making possible the adoption of PIS by olericultores.
Adaptação curricular em atividades de leitura e escrita para alunos com deficiência intelectual na perspectiva colaborativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-31)
Muniz, Joice Daiane
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Galvani, Márcia Duarte
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6866106661255961
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9126356340687228
The inclusion of students with intellectual deficiency is not only due to enrollment in the regular school system, but also to the guarantee of permanence and effective learning. Given this, there is a direction of actions for the school that can create and organize practices capable of effectively learning the school contents. In this sense, the general objective of the research was to evaluate adaptations in reading and writing content for students with intellectual deficiency in the collaborative perspective, while the specific objectives were: (a) characterize a pedagogical practice implemented by the teacher; (b) verify the profile of class students in reading and writing performance; (c) elaborate and apply a reading and writing intervention proposal based on the collaborative model and (d) check the effectiveness of the intervention proposal. The study included the teacher of the 2nd grade of Elementary School and her students, one of them with an intellectual deficiency report and her mother. The study was characterized as a collaborative research with qualitative focus. For this, a data collection happened in a state public school of the medium-sized city in the interior of the state of São Paulo-SP. To achieve the proposed objectives, the participants answered: (a) a semi-structured interview script for the teacher; (b) School Performance Test - SPT for students; (c) Interview script for the mother; (d) roadmap for an intervention proposal; (e) an intervention proposal evaluation questionnaire. Qualitative analysis was performed through the elaboration of categories, with the data obtained in the analyzes, as well as interviews and quantitative and qualitative analyzes with the data obtained through the School Performance Test – SPT. As for the results, it was found that the teacher encouraged the participation of students in class and that she was aware that the student with intellectual deficiency needed individualized attention, as well as different adaptations in the content worked and the way of teaching. It is still possible that the teacher does not make these adaptations for students with intellectual deficiency, because there is a parallel demand to the other students in the class. School performance in reading and writing skills showed that all students were at the same level, according to the School Performance Test - SPT. Respect for the elaboration of adapted curricular activities, was visible or the involvement of the teacher in all the meetings, as well as the planning of activities for the teaching and learning process of students with intellectual deficiency in the ability for reading and writing. In the evaluation procedure of the intervention proposal, it was noticed the participation of students with intellectual deficiency in classes and activities with greater autonomy and involvement. It was concluded, therefore, that these are recommended actions for in-service training for teachers on how to contemplate their curriculum adaptation planning to support the inclusion of students with intellectual deficiency.
Índice de governança sustentável: processos que ampliam a capacidade de governo - o caso de Catanduva, Sp
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-01)
Sanches, Maria Cristina Pinheiro Machado
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Falcoski, Luiz Antonio Nigro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3200660670856698
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0789500150383713
This research proposes to develop the Sustainable Governance Index (IGS), with concentrated and detailed variables in the processes of elaboration, implementation and management of public policies, under the three levels of the Carlos Matus Governance Triangle - project, governance and capacity; as well as to ensure the involvement of the population in the daily routine of municipal public management. In this way, the IGS serves as an evaluator of public policy processes by governance (public power, private initiative and community), as well as guiding guideline procedures. This is a methodological research that seeks the construction of an index that is capable of evaluating and guiding urban governance. That is, the present research is permeating the constant doubt: "How can we evaluate, monitor, direct, guide and promote urban governance?". The thesis aims at variables of procedures, knowledge, relations and actions, among others, that can influence the success of governance processes, following the principle of democratic management of cities and involving actors in responsibilities and rights, taking advantage of latent synergies. In this, the variables that make up the IGS are selected from the development of the chapters. Firstly, a bibliographical review on the public sphere and governance is carried out, from which the stages of governance and social participation from the most primary to the supposedly more developed, according to the variables that characterize it, are categorized. Then some of the documents that deal with the themes "right to the city" and "environmental balance" are studied: "Cities Charter", "New Urban Agenda" and "Sustainable Development Objectives" (ODS). From this study it was possible to identify common approaches between them. In the same way, the strategies used by public policy observatories as social control of results and means are studied; as well as to motivate municipal management to set public policy agendas to achieve goals and objectives. These strategies are related to the variables of the desired governance stage. Thus, the IGS methodology is designed. The common approaches identified in the documents studied are organized in 5 dimensions; whose cut of the IGS is established in the dimension here titled "Participatory and inclusive governance". The variables that make up the IGS are selected from these approaches related to governance strategies. Of the variables selected, the municipal urban governance evaluation questionnaire was composed of 92 indicators, organized in 27 blocks and 5 axes. Each indicator is a question that composes the questionnaire. In the proposed methodology the system of qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the answers is developed. From then on the IGS is applied in Catanduva, SP, as a case study. In this city the key actors and public and civil managers of public policies are identified, especially those policies geared towards the territorial and environmental physical environment. From the sample size study by the bibliographic recommendation, 68 questionnaires were applied. Parallel to this and still related to the variables of the IGS are analyzed the implementation, change and management flows of some documents - such as the Government Plan of the last two municipal administrations and the Participatory Master Plan of 2006; as well as emerging public policies in the city at the time of the survey. From the results of the application of the IGS questionnaire it was possible to identify intervals of governance excellence from the variables selected for this index and eminent vulnerabilities in the municipal governance processes; especially on the issues surrounding the governance of the system. As well as verifying the fragility of the public policies studied, the insufficiency of social control and the bureaucratization of the participation of the population, among others. In the application of the questionnaire, the lowest results achieved relate to the governance of the system; mainly in the production and dissemination of knowledge. It is expected that the continuous application of the IGS in the cities will assist in the orientation and implementation of the governance processes; but also allows greater transparency and access of society to municipal public management, and is an instrument capable of developing local capacities of technicians and community.
Práticas de ensino etnicorraciais no currículo em ação no ensino fundamental I
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-01)
Araújo, Natália Cristina Cabrera
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Lima, Emília Freitas de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5515637339275988
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3770328469972366
The education of ethno-racial relations, the focus of this research, provided for the Law 10.639/2003, deals with the teaching of Afro-Brazilian and African history and culture emphasizing the importance of black culture in the formation of Brazilian society, and introducing in the school curriculum the theme of diversity and difference. Based on this, the general objective of this research is to understand how work is articulated with the education of ethno-racial relations, in order to identify practices that reveal the potential of overcoming prejudices and inequalities, in this sphere of social relations, in the curriculum in action in the Elementary School. The study was developed in a school unit of the municipal education system of the city of São Carlos, SP, through an intervention type research in which the researcher was also the teacher of the class. The intervention involved the activities developed during one semester, in 2017, in the class of 2nd year of Elementary School under the responsibility of the teacher-researcher. The activities carried out in the classroom were recorded in audio and registered in field diaries, constituting the data of the research. The research was based on theoretical references related to the intercultural perspective, to ethno-racial relations and to the curriculum. The organization of the data was based on episodes referring to both programmed and spontaneous activities, involving pedagogical practices that had aspects related to the theme in focus. The analysis of data and interlacing with the literature brought important considerations to the teaching practice and, above all, to the pedagogical work on the ethno-racial theme related to the black population in the curriculum in action in the intercultural perspective, which privileges the respect and appreciation of the "other" as well as mutual collaboration. In addition, it has been shown that it is possible to work pedagogically with ethno-racial relations in all curricular components in elementary school - initial years, either in a previously planned or spontaneous way, from situations generated in the curriculum in action. The paper also sought to show some possibilities for rethinking the ways of educating for diversity and reconstructing educational processes geared towards the excluded people, based on the idea that much of what went wrong with the world came from education anchored only in Eurocentric thought, without the due critical eye. Working ethno-racial in the intercultural approach is not to impose ideas or ideals, it is to propose ideas and ideals. It is listening to the voice and not giving the voice. It is giving oneself respect and not imposing respect. It is dialogue and not determination. Finally, to work in the perspective that we defend is: destabilize and reconstruct stereotyped concepts about the black people in our society and show that everything is learned through the act of education, because if we can learn to hate, we can also learn to respect.
"Ai, se eu te pego!": um caso de (in)fidelidade - uma leitura holística do hit e suas traduções para o inglês e espanhol à luz da análise crítica do discurso e dos estudos de tradução
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-01)
Santos, Julio César Ribeiro dos
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Martins, Maria Sílvia Cintra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9241992645160356
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5388166555913162
We value ourselves from the hit "Ai, si te tego" (TELÓ et al., 2011), viral because of the insertion in multiple discursive practices (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001), and its translations into the English language and the Spanish language for the test of the theoretical-methodological approach of the Translation Studies (LOW, 2003, 2005; VENUTI, 2000; PYM, 2017) and the Critical Discourse Analysis (see Fairclough, 1989, 2001) in the research on the unfolding and problematization of the issues "sense", "fidelity", "domestication / foreignization" (VENUTI, 2000) and "power relations". The research, which has a qualitative nature and ethnographic basis (CRESEWELL, 2010), had 19 informants distributed in three groups and two other informants contacted at different moments of the progress of the research in confrontation / discussion with the researcher's analysis. From the results: a) the translation proposals sin on the questions of naturalness and meaning (see Low, 2005); b) all the informants accuse the same lexical problems; c) the lexical alternatives proposed by native speakers of the foreign languages and speakers of the English and / or Spanish language as L2 disagree; d) the original and the translation proposals are in line with the maintenance of the hegemonic ideology, which is shown in a more crystalline way in the video clip of the proposal for the English language. Although on a rudimentary level, the approximation between discursive studies and translation studies proves to be productive, thus becoming a call for researchers in the field
Efeitos do cádmio e do cobalto no crescimento e em parâmetros bioquímicos e fotossintéticos da clorofícea Raphidocelis subcapitata
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-01)
Reis, Larissa Luiza dos
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Melão, Maria da Graça Gama
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8342306603661310
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0830653164383767
Heavy metals may cause damage to the biota of contaminated environments. The use of multiple endpoints is necessary to better elucidate the mechanisms of toxicity of these compounds. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of cadmium (Cd) and cobalt (Co) on growth, biochemical and photosynthetic parameters of the microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata, through quantification of carbohydrates, lipid composition, concentration of chlorophyll a (Chl a), maximum (ΦM) and effective quantum yields (Φ’M), efficiency of oxygen evolving complex (OEC) and photochemical and non-photochemical quenchings analysis. To date, this is the first study reporting Co effects in lipid classes of a freshwater Chlorophyceae. After 96 hours of exposure, we found an IC50 of 0.58 and 0.85 µM of Cd and Co, respectively. Both metals led to increase of total lipid content and reduction of efficiency of OEC and of ΦM. Chl a was the most efficient endpoint to detect Cd toxicity, after 96 hours of treatment. In relation to Co, cell density and total lipids content were the most sensitive endpoints, since they were altered in all concentrations. The lipid classes most affected by Cd were wax esters – WE (8-fold increase), and triglycerides – TAG (47% reduction), and Co exposure were sterols – ST (4-fold increase), and acetone mobile polar lipid – AMPL (60% reduction). The use of several endpoints enables to detect differences between the mechanisms of action of each metal, as well as the consequences to microalgae. In addition, the cell-level toxicity assessments carried out in this study based on biochemical parameters and photosynthetic efficiency provided faster responses regarding the damage caused by Cd and Co compared to traditional assessments in ecotoxicology, such as cell density measures, specially with regard to interference of Co in the biochemical composition of the microalgae.
O papel das aves na dispersão de sementes da espécie exótica Schefflera actinophylla (Apiales, Araliaceae): potencial de invasibilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-05)
Marcelino, Paula Guarini
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Piña-Rodrigues, Fátima Conceição Márquez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1475369713141675
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Piratelli, Augusto João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058
Anthropogenic activities affect landscapes, biodiversity and ecosystem services. These actions impair animal/plant interactions, mainly involving frugivorous birds. The dispersion played by birds allows plant species to colonize distant areas, increasing the risk of invasion when an exotic species in involved. Exotic species are able to survive and grow, competing with native species resources and may cause changes in plant communities. In this research, we evaluated the potential for invasiveness of the exotic species Schefflera actinophylla (Cheflera), by analyzing bird-fruit interactions, phenophases and fruit offer, and seed germination. The study was carried out from September 2017 to September 2018 in both Carlos Alberto de Souza Park and Quinzinho de Barros Municipal Zoo, in the city of Sorocaba, state of São Paulo. We observed bird species, number and length of visits, number of ingested fruits, feeding behavior and fruit manipulation strategies. We considered the feeding categories of engulf, mash, pick, remove and drop. To estimate the germination percentage, we collected seeds from fruits of the focal trees and from feces of some captive birds. We compared seeds collected from green, immature, mature, fallen and from feces (Mimus saturninus and Turdus rufiventris). High percentage of germination (83.20 ± 8.16%) were observed in all treatments, and no germination for green fruit seeds. Phenophases in different individuals varied from 0 to 25% with the presence of some event. We consider as main potential seed dispersers, Pitangus sulphuratus, Turdus leucomelas and Megarynchus pitangua, with the predominant behavior of engulf the whole fruits (92% of the fruits), together with their frequency of visits (145 visits) and high number of ingested fruits (621 fruits). Feces of M. saturninus and T. rufiventris produced viable seeds, but with a lower percentage of germination. Natural regeneration was observed in the field, possibly from seeds dispersed by birds. Based on seed germination and presence of seedlings in the field, we concluded that Cheflera has a potential to be an invader, and its use in urban design should be avoided.
Física e Geociências: uma proposta interdisciplinar para o ensino de Termodinâmica e Ondulatória
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-05)
Retamero, Alex Amilton Costa
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Gebara, Maria José Fontana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6585493065968961
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Dias, Airton Natanael Coelho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070166380084691
The aim of the work was to verify the limit and contributions of the association between Physic and Geosciences in the High School. To this, two Potentially Meaningful Teaching Units (PMTUS) were developed based in either theories (or models): Interdisciplinary Island of Rationality (IIR) of Gerard Fourez and of the David Ausubel's Theory of significant learning. Developed in 2017 for the second year students of a private school in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, the PMTUS were applied from contents of Thermodynamic and Waves. These contents were approached from the study of Climate and Interior Model of the Earth. Preliminary results indicate that the association of Physics and Geosciences can motivate students and give meaning to the contents studied.
Análise da qualidade microbiológica e sujidades em melado de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-05)
Belé, Jhéssica Samara Abreu Holsbach Silva
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Belini, Valdinei Luis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2364419655591136
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Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470912236544684
Sugarcane syrup is defined as the product obtained by the concentration of sugarcane juice (Saccharum officinarum L.) or from melted sugarcane. The sugar cane syrup have good acceptance in the Brazilian market and can be used as a sweetener replacing refined sugar, besides containing important minerals. However, the existing specific standards are insufficient to accurately assess the quality of this product. In this context, 15 commercial brands of sugarcane syrup were analyzed based on microbiological properties, moisture, water activity and foreign matter. All brands showed absence of total coliforms and Escherichia coli, while five brands showed contamination by mesophilic bacteria, molds and yeasts. In relation to the count of thermophilic bacteria flat-sour three marks showed contamination, however within the maximum allowed by the legislations. Humidity ranged from 9 to 26.1%, indicating that there was no standardization among the samples analyzed. In relation to water activity, the results ranged from 0.63 to 0.74. The analysis matter strange, conducted under light transmission microscopy, revealed that 14 (93%) brands contained some kind of foreign material, with only one brand (M) meeting the standards. The current national standard (RDC nº. 12/2001) does not contain enough information to analyze the quality of syrup, so an update is necessary to ensure that this product has a quality standard and can be consumed safely.
Análise do choque de risco-país sobre os ciclos econômicos brasileiros pós-regime de metas para a inflação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-05)
Borges, Wesley Augusto de Freitas
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Bragagnolo, Cassiano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3604206454925741
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8959565493573330
This study sought to analyze the impact of the country risk shock on the Brazilian economic cycles post-inflation targeting regime. For this, we used a SOE-RBC model proposed by Schmitt-Grohé and Uribe (2003) modified to estimate parameters by means of Bayesian methods. The results suggest that the country risk shock mainly explains the short-term oscillations of foreign debt and investment and a small part of the short-term oscillations of the capital stock, while the short-term oscillations of the other variables are explained by the productivity shock. In addition, it is considered that a positive shock in the country risk or possible downgrade by a rating agency would have a greater impact on investments and national external debt. When conducting a sensitivity analysis on the external debt impact coefficient on the interest rate, it is found that a lower ratio between net external debt and output mitigates the negative impacts of an increase in country risk, especially in product, investment, hours worked, salary, and capital stock. Given the recent concern to control the trajectory of public debt since Constitutional Amendment n° 95, there is an attention point in the indication of a vicious cycle between the debt increase and the country risk that can be considered in the elaboration of the next Brazilian public and economic policies. However, there is an important trade-off between the possible loss of autonomy and the national sovereignty by the monetary authority when it conforms to the recommendations of evaluating or supranational agencies that need further investigation.
Caracterização físico-química e sensorial de melados comerciais de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-05)
Vicentini-Polette, Carolina Medeiros
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Borges, Maria Teresa Mendes Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1800048119205212
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Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470912236544684
The sugarcane syrup production is one of the ways to benefit sugarcane and, at the same time, to provide the small rural producer with a safe income source. It is of great importance that the artisanal and cultural product is known intrinsically, aiming its valorization through the improvement of the technological and sensorial qualities. The objective of the study was to obtain information about the physicochemical characteristics, mineral nutrients (ICP-AES), sensorial attributes and labeling of 15 commercial sugarcane syrups, comparing them with the Brazilian legislation regarding the product. The labeling was evaluated according to the legislation in force in Brazil. For the analysis of pH, total acidity, soluble solids, viscosity, moisture, total solids, reducing sugars, ash and instrumental color were found great variations in the contents, showing the variability of the product. On average, the main minerals present in the sugarcane syrup were potassium, magnesium, calcium, and phosphorus with respectively 340, 57, 49 and 48 mg/100g. The sensorial viscosity showed proportional relation to the instrumental viscosity and the soluble solids content. In addition, this work is pioneer in indicating the viscosity in Stokes. The sugarcane syrups with greater purchase intention and preference were the ones of darkest color, more viscous appearance, and texture of little or medium viscosity. All the sugarcane syrups presented in their labels, the denomination, data of origin and validity. They did not present a labeling standard regarding the nutritional table of sugarcane syrup, and 40% of the evaluated brands did not present all the requested information. . There was variation among the physicochemical parameters of sugarcane syrup, mainly regarding to the sugar content reducer. Due to the importance of the labeling for consumer's understanding and conscious purchase, and also the relevance of this information for product valorization.
Concepções sobre situações de violências: estudantes do ensino fundamental anos finais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-05)
Matheus, Yasmim Lotti Silva
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Luiz, Maria Cecília
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7425361719028650
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9831378083757483
Violence is not limited only to the physical aspects; it is also manifested through signs, prejudices, metaphors, etc., by anything that can be interpreted as warning of threat. Knowing this, and the different conceptions about situations of violence, this study had a general goal to analyze the conceptions of elementary school students - 8th and 9th year on situations of violence in the society, at school and in interpersonal relationships. Besides the theoretical contribution and definition of the different types of violence, it was also necessary to carry out an empirical investigation. The empirical research had two stages of approximation: the first corresponded to the contact with the participating school, the elaboration (together with the researchers of Federal University of São Carlos) and the elective course, lasting one semester. The students of the researched school were able to talk about violence issues and produce audiovisual materials (such as videos and photographs). In the second moment, there were three meetings, in the form of focus groups, with six participants to discuss issues of violence in society, school and interpersonal relationships, we used as a trigger element of the meetings three videos produced at the previous moment of the research. Through the review of the students' speeches, we identify their conceptions of violence in three categories: The world around the young students: how violence is perceived; Family and society: situations of violence; and, finally, how the students face situations of school violence. By listening and discussing to their voices and audiovisual productions it was possible to understand how they construct their conceptions and ideas living in a society that has several types of violence. We believe that when the educator has the knowledge of such perceptions, it can help in the school trajectory for the students, having good consequences as students with better social interactions and better school achievements.
Expectativa e experiência de parto em uma maternidade signatária do projeto parto adequado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-07)
Barbosa, Luara de Carvalho
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Bussadori, Jamile Claro de Castro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4549657176930635
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8722270562915475
Although in recent years, based on science and politics evidences, we have experienced an important change in the obstetric scenario in Brazil, there is still a gap in care practice, which favors the medicalization of the female body and birth, as well as the inequality of gender and violence against women. The “Projeto Parto Adequado”, supported by the Ministry of Health, which aims to implement improved delivery and childbirth care in private and public hospitals, has been adopted by institutions in order to improve the quality of services, valuing normal childbirth and minimizing negative outcomes for women and infants, as well as providing a satisfactory experience for women. The present study aimed to understand the influence of the Adequate Childbirth Project on the experience of normal birth for women. The Política Nacional de Humanização (PNH) and the Good Practices of Attention to Childbirth and “Boas Práticas de Atencao ao Parto e ao Nascimento”, based on the theory of social representations and as a methodological reference the analysis of thematic content. The data collection took place in a city of the state of Sao Paulo, from January to March 2018 in two stages: in the first one (quantitative part of the research) the “Technique of Free Association of Words with the term “vaginal birth” was applied to 62 pregnant women at their first prenatal hospital visit, and in the second stage (qualitative part), with tracing the deliveries of women in the first stage, 18 puerperal women were individually interviewed with the triggering statement: “Tell me about your experience in maternity”. For the analysis of the material was used, in the first stage the software OpenEvoc and for the second, the software Iramuteq. The analysis of the empirical data allowed to identify that pain, marvelous, recovery, anxiety, desires, love and expectation were part of the central nucleus of the apprehension of women on normal birth and later the experiences were transcribed and treated according to a double criterion of analysis: Lexical Analysis - Word Cloud and 2. Thematic Content Analysis. As the main theme “The Transition of Care Model” and 03 thematic categories: “Surprising model”, “Model that satisfies” and “Model with embarrassments”. Although women have shown an important influence of the Adequate Childbirth Project, women bring notes of still good practices are not completely instituted, as well as demonstrate that they lack to be heard and / or valued. Thus, one realizes that only one policy or one program would not be sufficient to change a reality so concretized. It is necessary to rethink mechanisms that re-signify birth to society, as well as a vocational training path that values gender issues, and a care free of physical and emotional harm.