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Desenvolvimento de sensores eletroquímicos baseados em nanomateriais de carbono para detecção de diquat em amostras ambientais e tadalafila em amostras farmacêuticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-22) Zambianco, Naiara Alana; Zanin, Hudson Giovani; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3846529974544709; Janegitz, Bruno Campos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7746094938977989; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9258595139055239
In this work two electrochemical sensors were proposed based on carbon nanomaterials for detection of diquat and tadalafil. For the first was proposed a surface modification of glassy carbon electrode with manioc starch and nanodiamonds dispersion. The other sensor was based on a film of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes with a copper plate like substrate. The glassy carbon electrode modified with nanodiamonds and manioc starch film was characterized electrochemical and morphological characteristics through techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction to understand the electrochemical behavior of the film. Many techniques were analyzed regarding the behavior and quantification of diquat, however, the technique that presented the highest peak current was the square wave voltammetry. After the choice of chemical and electrochemical parameters, was constructed an analytical curve with a linear range of 5.0×10−7 to 4.6×10−5 mol L −1. The limit of detection was 1.1×10−7 mol L− 1. Water samples fortified with diquat were analyzed. In comparison to the works, the glassy carbon electrode modified with nanodiamonds and manioc starch film has a good linear range and a low limit of detection. For the second electrode was chosen for morphological characterization through images obtained by scanning electron microscopy, as well as transmission; in addition to electrochemical characterizations acquired by cyclic voltammetry from the potassium ferri/ferro-cyanide like redox probe. In order to study the electrochemistry of tadalafil were analyzed some voltammetric techniques like cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and square wave voltammetry, especially the linear sweep voltammetry in which the device reached the highest anodic peak current. Optimizing the parameters, the analytical determination of tadalafil comprised a linear concentration range of 0.85 to 8.9×10−6 mol L−1 where the limit of detection was 7.8×10−8 mol L−1. The samples selected for validation of the device were drugs obtained from pharmacies in the city of Araras being a generic and a manipulated drug.
Direito à moradia adequada para a pessoa idosa de baixa renda: um estudo quanti-qualitativo sobre políticas públicas habitacionais no interior do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-01-22) Silva, Nayara Mendes; Monteiro, Luzia Cristina Antoniossi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2890278808923978; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1791265073266957
It is alarming the speed with which the elderly population has been growing in recent years. Faced with this undeniable phenomenon, urban space has an increasing concentration of elderly. In this context, problems are intensifying and socio-spatial inequalities reduce the possibilities of achieving the right to adequate housing. Attentive to this question, the World Health Organization has launched in 2007 the "Global Age-friendly Cities: A Guide", which advocates actions based on eight main axes, in favor of accessible and coherent urban planning for the aging of the population. Thus, this research aimed to analyze the habitability conditions and the functional capacity of the residents of two exclusive condominiums for the elderly: Vila Dignidade and Recanto Feliz, both implemented through public policies for low income elderly people in the city of Araraquara-SP. This is a transversal, descriptive research based on the assumptions of the quanti-qualitative method, with exploratory fieldwork, through visits to housing estates, with the application of the following instruments: the Vancouver Protocol, same resource used in the development of the Global Guide Age-Friendly Cities and the BOMFAQ questionnaire to check participants' levels of independence. The quantitative data were analyzed by means of simple descriptive statistics and the qualitative ones, in the light of the theoretical reference. Were interviewed 40 residents (24 from Recanto Feliz and 16 from Vila Dignidade). As to functional capacity, it was found that Recanto Feliz elderly presented less functional impairment than those of Vila Dignidade. Regarding the analysis of the eight axes of the Vancouver Protocol, the location of the condominiums had an impact on the residents' perception of the city of Araraquara, but Vila Dignidade interviewees were more satisfied than Recanto Feliz, except in relation to their homes. Regarding accessibility conditions, it was identified aspects to be improved in both condominiums, internally, regarding the need for physical adaptations of Vila Dignidade housings, and externally, regarding the importance of improving the infrastructure in the Neighborhood Unit of Recanto Feliz. The results obtained, combined with the theoretical development developed in this study, provided support for the interpretation of what represents adequate housing and how much this aspect influences the quality of life of the elderly person, and consequently, the capacity to enjoy the urban space.