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Produção cinematográfica no Brasil, distribuidoras majors e mercado: o caso do filme Dois filhos de Francisco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Failache, Mauricio José Vera; Sá Neto, Arthur Autran Franco de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5055550097454248; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0840869090469711
The participation of the majors in Brazilian film production, stimulated through mechanisms of tax deduction, such as MP 2.228-1/2001, generated important changes in the sector. This research aims to analyze, through a case study on the production and commercialization of the feature Dois filhos de Francisco, by Breno Silveira (2005), the influence of the major cinema Columbia Pictures (Sony) and its articulations with Globo Filmes, Conspiração Filmes and the State. Thus, the objective is to verify the increasingly intensity and concentrated performance of majors in Brazilian film production. To this end, bibliographic research, as well as documentation about the film and its release on the market was collected. In the context of the Brazilian cinema of the first decade of the 21st century, changes were observed, and involve not only the production, but also the distribution and screening of national films made in partnership with the majors, in an increasingly globalized context.
Inibição enzimática analisada com uma abordagem da mecânica estatística
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Freire, Thales Souza; Caracelli, Ignez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8956527354576143; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0320608221793070
In the conventional approach of Biochemistry, a parameter for the description of the functioning of an enzyme is the rate of conversion of substrate into product in the presence or absence of an inhibitor. Given this consideration, the aim of this work was to study the enzyme kinetics from Statistical Mechanics point of view. So, starting from an approximation to the thermodynamic equilibrium, it was possible to use the grand canonical ensemble to get equations for the rate of product formation in reactions catalyzed by homodimeric enzymes. It was considered the situation where there could be at least two possible conformations for each monomer, thus enabling modeling of the positive and negative cooperative effects based on the energies of the system micro-states. These equations were used to obtain a reaction rate curve as a function of the concentrations of the substrate and the inhibitor. In these simulations were obtained the expected sigmoid shaped curve for the enzymes of this type and the model was applied to a special situation where an inhibitor causes enzymatic activation. Then, equations for 50% reduction in the reaction rate were deduced, where non-linear curves were obtained as a function of substrate concentration, allowing to identify positive and negative cooperativity. Finally, the method was generalized for enzymes with more than two binding sites and tested in a real case, giving a good fitting of the experimental data.
Um estudo fuzzy para propor um modelo matemático como auxílio ao diagnóstico médico das faringotonsilites
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Pissini, Mariana Moretto; Peixoto, Magda da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0413910306376054
Medical practice consists of a continuous decision-making process and Fuzzy Logic has participated in this process. In this context, this research has as main objective to carry out a study on basic concepts of Fuzzy Set Theory and an application of this study to propose a mathematical model as an aid to the medical diagnosis of patients infected with certain diseases in the upper respiratory tract. The following diseases were considered: viral pharyngotonsillitis, streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis, mononucleosis and diphtheria; and fuzzy relational equations were used to propose a medical diagnostic model relating the symptoms or signs of patients with these four diseases.
Reatividade vascular no repouso e durante o exercício dinâmico máximo e seu impacto na perda de força muscular e na capacidade de exercício na insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção reduzida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Arêas, Guilherme Peixoto Tinoco; Caruso, Flávia Cristina Rossi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7119400854907214; Silva, Audrey Borghi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4855616925791895; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0833133191438250
Chronic heart failure (CHF) entails helmark exercise intolerance and it is explained and it is explained by various systemic disfunctions. Recently studies have been shown that the flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of brachial artery has been used as non-invasive methods to assess the physical rehabilitation effects and such as the prognostic marker. Considering the necessity to identify studies to provide evidence about FMD technique and the effects on physical training on CHF patients, the first study had the aim of survey on the FMD technique, pathophysiological changes and the effect of rehabilitation on endothelial function (Study I). Among the studies, none addressed the acute impact of maximal dynamic exercise on vascular function in the CHF, especially in those with reduced cardiac contractility through reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The vascular dilatation capacity on the rest and after exercise could be explain the relationship between physical limitation and parameters from limited- symptons cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) (Study II). It was used 20 patients with HFrEF and 9 sex- and age–matched healthy controls. The volunteers perfumed endothelium function by FMD before and after CPX. The results showed that FMD on rest correlation with importants variables from CPX (V̇O2 peak, Circulatory power (CP), cardiac reserve and Chronotropic index). Furthermore, it was observed that only healthy subjects decreased FMD after exercise. Due to the intimate connection of the vascular system with skeletal musclecapacity to produce strength and endurance, the last two studies evaluated the relation of the muscular capacity with the capacity of exercise and its relation endothelial function (Studies III). It was recruited 23 CHF patients, being 12 mild dynapenic and 11 severe dynapenic. We observed that mild dynapenic patients have shown lower V̇O2 peak, higher V̇E/V̇CO2slope and CP, and worse V̇E/W rate. Moreover, the dynapenia gravity meant to more apperance of exercise ventilatory oscillation. Finally, the aim to investigate vascular dysfunction and their relationship with dynapenia gravity condition was realized in the last study (Study IV), which verify the maximum dynamic exercise impact on FMD. 22 patients participed in the study, being 11 patients separately to dynapenia group condition. Like the study II, ti was realized FMD before and after CPX. We observe at rest the same values of FMD in both groups. However, after exercise there was difference reponse between group, with deacrease values of FMD in mild dynapenic patients compared with no modifications in severe dynapenic group. These findings suggest that the ability to respond to exercise is impaired in those more severe patients. We conclude, therefore, that vascular function is important for understanding the evolution and severity of heart syndrome, as well as identifying the impairment in exercise capacity and muscle strength. Finally, we consider that the technique can be useful as evalutation of vascular reactivity on muscular disfunction, prognosis, as well as the possible effects of the physical rehabilitation of these patients.
Heraldo Marelim Vianna na história da avaliação educacional no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Paschoalin, Pamela Cristina Botiglieri; Rothen, José Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1942510389127549; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9572340986196973
Heraldo Marelim Vianna was an influent researcher in the area of educational evaluation in Brazil, knowed as one of the firts to discuss this theme, and with a very important role in the Carlos Chagas Foundation (FCC), an entity of great importance for the studies on educational evaluation. Because it has a wide production on the subject, this research aims to analyze Heraldo Marelim Vianna’s production relating it with the historical route of educational evaluation in Brasil. The research is a documentary study, in which from the survey, reading and analysis of the author's works, together with interviews with FCC researchers who lived with him, it is intended to draw a line of understanding about the scientific production of Heraldo Marelim Vianna regarding the field of evaluation education in Brazil. A selection of the author’s works was made, and its division between two phases (1970s and 1980s and 1990s) and, based on what was discussed, concluded that during the first phase of his production Vianna dedicated himself to the study of educational measures, selection area and vestibular selection. It was a period in which the demand for access to higher education was growing and in which Vianna would have worked about the emerging need to construct selection instruments. Otherwise, in the second phase of its production, Vianna was conceived to focus on the subject of educational evaluation and its role as instrument for reflection and improvement of education. It was a period in which the educational evaluation, although recommended and inserted in schools, was often not used as an object of reflection and guidance of the educational process. We realized, therefore, that the production of Vianna was having its focus changed according to the demands of each context in wich the author was inserted. Thus, it is expected that the research contributes to the area of education, providing an analysis of the production of reference authors for the field of educational evaluation in Brazil, and relating the moments of the trajectory of educational evaluation in the country.
Controvérsias e transformações: análise da dinâmica de uma Startup de TI pela Teoria do Ator-Rede
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Ferratti, Gustavo Mendonça; Sacomano Neto, Mário; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0000793038362058; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0605753033662453
This dissertation aims to understand the organizational dynamics of https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/20.500.14289/11220a startup in the IT segment by exploring the controversies between human, non-human and organizational actants. By organizational dynamics, we understand both the daily activities of the organization and the more structural transformations that occur in the medium or long term. In order to achieve the general objective, the following specific objectives were established: (1) to use the cartography of controversies to explore the conflicts between actors of different natures (actants) in different scales of analysis; to identify the (2) organizational, (3) human and (4) non-human actors who form part of the hybrid network of Firm X. Also, to establish, when applicable, the relationships these different types of actants have with each other. Finally, the last specific objective is: (5) to carry out the longitudinal analysis of the Controversies of Company X to understand the dynamics of its temporal progression. The theoretical and epistemological foundations used for the analysis of our work were, above all, Actor-Network Theory and Ethnomethodology. The operationalization of the research was based on the semantic analysis of a pluralistic informational corpus, consisting of interviews, discussion groups, secondary data and field practices. The results of the research point to a very intense and controversial organizational dynamics in the analyzed startup. The main controversies identified surround the following themes: identity, gender, professional attitude, work practices, information security, technological rivalries and the notions of freedom and equality.
Effective-action approach to dirty bosons in optical lattices
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Souza, Renan da Silva; Santos, Francisco Ednilson Alves dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0500176058863562; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2963018707693962
A system of cold bosonic atoms loaded in an optical lattice potential can undergo a macroscopic phase transition due to quantum fluctuations. As the depth of the lattice potential is increased, the ground state of the many-body system is found to go from a superfluid to a Mott-insulator state. In the presence of disorder a new phase intervenes in these transition: the Bose-glass phase. Usual analysis of this phase transition is made within the framework of mean-field theory. Such approximation predicts non-physical results for the condensate density. Taking into consideration the lack of precise analytical results in the literature, we propose the use of an effective-action approach for investigating such phase transition in the presence of disorder at arbitrary temperatures. These method, based on standard field-theoretical considerations, is used with the aim to improve the results of former analytical methods and provide better qualitative understanding of the quantum phase transition. We considered static diagonal disorder by means of a local chemical potential in the Bose-Hubbard model and obtained the phase boundary for homogeneous and Gaussian disorder distributions. We compared the condensate density predictions of our field theoretical effective-action method with the results of standard mean-field approximation. The application of the effective-action method showed to be promising in analyzing the superfluid to insulating states phase transition in the presence of disorder as well as in improving former analytical results.
Análise do desempenho, respostas ventilatórias e metabólicas, recrutamento e oxigenação muscular em indivíduos com Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica durante o six-minute pegboard and ring test
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Reis, Ivanize Mariana Masselli dos; Catai, Aparecida Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5801652590531684; Jamami, Maurício; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4274129560250050; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8604255812757147
This present thesis has a result three studies: Study I - the aim of this study was to verify whether hand grip strength and endurance, body composition and anthropometry variables influence the performance of the six-minute pegboard and ring test (6PBRT) in COPD subjects. Thirty-three subjects with COPD and thirty-two healthy controls subjects were evaluated. Both groups were submitted to the assessment of anthropometry variables, body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, hand grip strength and endurance tests (HGST and HGET). The HGET was performed with 50% of HGST score, with cadence of 20/min, and the endurance time (TE) was determined. Subjects with COPD had lower performance in 6PBRT and lower ET in HGET, with a strong correlation between ET and performance in 6PBRT. In addition, ET and upper limbs (UL) lean mass explained 54% of the variance in the 6PBRT. The correlations between the majority of body composition variables with the performance in 6PBRT were moderate (from -0.36 to -0.43) for COPDG. With the results obtained we conclude that the performance in 6PBRT seems to be more related to UL muscle endurance than to UL muscle strength in subjects with COPD. In addition, the upper limb weight seems to impair the performance of the test. Study II - the aim of this study was to verify the physiological responses during unsupported UL activities, represented by the 6PBRT, in subjects with COPD. Additionally, we compared these responses during the 6PBRT with healthy subjects in order to understand the intolerance to this type of exercise by subjects with COPD. Twenty-eight subjects with COPD and 27 healthy controls were assessed. The 6PBRT was performed with simultaneous evaluation of gas analysis (ventilatory and metabolic variables), as well as obtaining cardiovascular variables, pulse oximetry and sensation of dyspnea and fatigue. The individuals with COPD presented lower performance in 6PBRT, with higher ventilatory demand and oxygen consumption per ring moved during the test, presented higher dyspnea value and lower SpO2 value at the end of the test, besides the behavior of ventilatory and metabolic variables was of slow onset and of greater magnitude compared to healthy individuals. We conclude that subjects with COPD have higher values of ventilatory demand and oxygen consumption per ring moved in 6PBRT. In addition, the metabolic responses are larger in magnitude, however, apparently slowed at the beginning of the test, when compared with healthy subjects. These results may justify the lower performance presented by individuals with COPD. Study III - The aims of this study were to quantify the electrical activity and oxygenation of inspiratory and UL muscles; and to investigate whether electromyographic manifestations of muscle fatigue is related with UL function assessed by the six-minute pegboard and ring test (6PBRT) in COPD subjects and healthy subjects. Thirty subjects with COPD and 34 healthy controls were assessed. The 6PBRT was performed with simultaneous assessment of electromyography, near infrared spectroscopy and gas analysis. Individuals with COPD had a worse performance (number of rings) in the 6PBRT, with higher ventilatory demand and RMS amplitude of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM), lower value for oxyhemoglobin and total hemoglobin in the intercostal (IC) muscles. We conclude that the findings of this study indicates that the 6PBRT is performed at higher electrical activity in the accessory inspiratory muscles, like SCM and lower oxygenation profile in IC by individuals with COPD when compared to healthy controls, however without muscle fatigue signs. These findings suggesting that the higher ventilatory demand presented in the COPD group could have contributed to the worst performance in this group; without signal of peripheral muscle limitation.
Do ser ao tornar-se professor nas escolas nos espaços de privação de liberdade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Lopes, Cloris Violeta Alves; Onofre, Elenice Maria Cammarosano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9391211432183878; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9309501177361990
The study, From being to become teacher in places of deprivation of liberty, intended to understanding how the knowledge required for teaching, Youth and Adult Education in situation of deprivation of liberty, based on the teaching and learning processes they experience in their everyday pedagogical practices. The reason for such choices is due to the comprehension and intellectual property of each one which contemplating the enquiries and concerns about teaching young and adults and the teacher knowledge built during the performance in teaching in prisional system. One of the problem situations discussed was about continuing education, teacher knowledge and how they become teachers in the prisoner schools. In this perspective, the paper examines the following questions: What is the teacher’s knowledge of teachers who work in prisoner schools they attribute as necessary to the exercise of teaching in places of deprivation of liberty? It is a qualitative research with an emphasis on the narrative method. In this form of approach, the following methodological procedures were used: bibliographic review; participant observation, analysis of written documents, daily records, norms, laws, guidelines, didactic material; the realization of open interviews (recorded and transcribed in field notes) with a prior script. Initially, for the data collection, it was used the participant observation during the pedagogical meetings - HTPC, or ATPC - collective pedagogical work class, with fifteen teachers who worked in schools of prisional units in a city of the state of São Paulo. A brief questionnaire was applied to delineate a profile of the collaborators and, in the second stage of data collection, we used oral narratives from the experiences of three teachers who volunteered collaborator to the investigation. The results pointed out that becoming a teacher, in these places, involves coexistence with a routine surrounded by overwork; means facing challenges for the students of this system to the appropriation and development of writing, for this reason teachers learning from those challenges; means learning from interaction with their students; involves obedience to the rigid norms of imprisonment; pervades moments of stress and tension. In the second moment of the data collection, in the individual conversations with the collaborators, emerged of Individual Narratives the Guiding Axes: Trajectories of Infancy (IT); Initial Formation (IF); Beginning of teaching (ID); Become a teacher (TP). It was evidenced in teachers’ statements that there is a gap between what is proposed and what is lived. The teachers reveal that they have been building the teacher knowledge in their teaching experiences and forming themselves in practice with their peers. The data revealed, without claiming to be conclusive, it seems to point out important evidences for the construction of public policies for the continuing education of teachers who work in schools in the prisional system.
Atividade bactericida e inibição da formação de biofilmes de Staphylococcus aureus pelo vidro bioativo F18
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Passos, Tathiane Ferroni; Souza, Clovis Wesley Oliveira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0781683628437007; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6773028632288994
The number of surgeries for implants placement and prostheses that are performed annually in the world have been growing exponentially, together with concerns about infections that can affect patients in the postoperative period. In this context, the bactericidal properties of bioactive glasses have been widely studied. F18 is a new bioacitive glass developed at the Vitreous Materials Laboratory of the Department of Materials Engineering of the Federal University of São Carlos (LaMaV-DEMa/UFSCar), which presents the possibility of manipulation in different formats, such as powder, and can be used in the coating of implants and in direct applications in the skin, aiding in the healing of wounds. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the in vitro antibiofilm and bactericidal activity of F18 biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and bactericidal activity in biofilms of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). For this purpose, the ability to inhibit the growth of the biofilm by F18 was verified, maintaining a direct contact between the bacterial inoculum and the biomaterial. In addition, the bactericidal activity of the dissolution products of F18 and of the powder was investigated by means of direct application, at concentrations of 50 mg/mL, 25 mg /mL, 12,5 mg/mL, 6,25 mg/mL and 3,12 mg/mL. Finally, the influence of pH on the bactericidal activity was analyzed. It was observed that F18 presented antibiofilm activity after 12 hours of direct contact between the inoculum of S. aureus and the biomaterial reducing in more than 6 logs the viable bacterial population. In addition, F18 presented bactericidal activity in a preformed biofilms of S. aureus and MRSA, reducing more than 6 logs of viable bacterial cells after 24 hours of contact with 50mg/mL in the two forms of application tested. It was noted that pH neutralization is directly related to the decrease in bactericidal efficacy of F18. The results extended the possibility of using the F18 bioactive glass due to its effectiveness in the antibiofilm and bactericidal activity under the conditions tested. In the future, it may result in its use as an aid in the treatment of infections.
Fermentação alcoólica: desenvolvimento de metodologia para o cálculo de eficiência e modelagem por redes neurais de unidade de fermentação industrial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Pereira, Rauber Daniel; Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6244428434217018; Cruz, Antonio José Gonçalves da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1812806190521028; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2031656531545882
The search for alternative sources of fuel, economically and environmentally viable, that could replace fossil fuels has increased in the last years. Brazil occupies a prominent position regarding the pioneering development and ethanol production from sugarcane in large scale. Despite the consolidated technology studies have shown that there is room for improvement and innovation on the industrial ethanol production process, through the development of new production strategies. Thus, the objective of the present work is justified. In the first step, it was developed a new methodology based on mass balances to calculate the ethanol fermentation efficiency of the process operated in fed-batch mode. The new methodology was compared to others that have already been used by the industrial sector. Data from fed-batch fermentations in bench and industrial scales were used. The new methodology allowed assessing with more precision the ethanol production of the industrial unit. It was also possible to calculate the quantity of overestimated ethanol when fermentation efficiency was calculated by the established methodologies. The second step of this work was to develop a model based on artificial neural networks for representing the fermentation process. Data of an industrial fermentation unit were used. The objective was to assess the effects of different industrial variables on ethanol production. Important input variables that could influence the ethanol fermentation efficiency were identified. Then, it was set up an artificial neural network to estimate the final ethanol concentration in the industrial bioreactors. After the network was trained, it was used together with a stochastic optimization algorithm based on population (Particle Swarm Optimization – PSO) to estimate the increase of the ethanol concentration in the fermentation process by seeking optimum values for the input variables. The training, validation and test steps of the artificial neural network were performed using 200 points of the industrial data. After the update of the weights has been completed during the training step, the neural network model was tested using the validation data set and it predicted the ethanol concentration in the process reaching 0.91 for the determination coefficient (R²) and a mean squared error of 0.26. The model was tested with new experimental data after the training, and it was obtained relative deviations below 4.0%. This fact illustrates the prediction potential of the artificial neural network model. In the optimization step of the input variables, it was possible to reach an increase of 1.0 °GL in the ethanol concentration at the end of the process. Therefore, there is a possibility to use this tool on the industrial process, aiming to increase the industrial ethanol production.
Estratégias de operações de plantas de empresas multinacionais instaladas no Brasil que adotam XPS: um estudo multicasos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Hayashi, Ana Paula; Torkomian, Ana Lúcia Vitale; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2321084184622795; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0025664168663096
Multinational companies are increasingly adopting a corporate system called XPSs: being XPS defined as – Specific Company Production System (usually X is replaced by the company's name). As stated earlier, XPSs are corporate production systems that define production behavior patterns; are programs of improvement to be adopted in the productive units (industrial plants) of the companies, generally they are inspired in the Toyota System of Production (TPS). Exogenous factors such as: economic crisis; decrease in sales volume; Inventory surpluses are encouraging companies to adopt this production system to survive in a highly competitive market. In this research it is proposed to identify and analyze the strategies of plant operations of industrial companies located in Brazil that applied XPSs. To do this, a survey was carried out in the first phase of the research to identify industrial plants with XPS in Brazil. From this point on, a Cluster Analysis was conducted based on the results of the survey. Where three groups were identified: cluster 1 made of 12 multinational industrial plants with advanced XPSs; Cluster 2 with 9 plants of mixed capital industrial companies, with XPSs in the intermediate stage; and the last cluster is made by 4 plants of large industrial companies nationwide with XPSs in the initial phase of implementation of lean production. Five practices of lean production were found by the answered questionnaires by the queried companies: “5S”; Visual management; Quality control; Kaizen and Team work. In the second phase of the research (case study) all companies that participated in the survey were invited to an interview. The case studies resulted in seven analysis in five companies: two plants with longitudinal analysis (2015 and 2018); three cases from the same company and two cases from different units. The goal of the second phase of the research was to characterize in detail the content of the production strategy (decision areas and competitive priorities) of the multinational companies that adopt the XPSs and the factors that determine their constitution.
Crescimento pró-pobre na América Latina: análise do período 2000-2014 para 18 nações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Nunez, Oswaldo Daniel Artigas; Rodrigues, Rodrigo Vilela; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7066100737307566; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5867014691550029
This study analyzes the quality of economic growth presented in Latin America in relation to its capacity to reduce poverty, during the period 2000-2014 to 18 Latin American nations. Using econometric models in dynamic panel data, income-poverty and inequality-poverty elasticities were estimated in the period before and after the global financial crisis. Likewise, using the LSDV model, the individual elasticities for each country were estimated. The results suggest that the Latin American growth process in the analyzed period benefited relatively the poorest part of the population. The dependence of the elasticities of the values of the average income and the concentration of income is highlighted. In this sense, the higher the mean income, the greater the absolute value of elasticity and the higher the concentration the lower the absolute value of elasticity. The results also suggest differences in the growth for the countries, with the countries of northern Central America having the lowest pro-poor growth rates and countries such as Brazil and Argentina, the largest. Also, the study concludes that economic growth is a necessary but not sufficient condition to reduce poverty in the region, and it is necessary to be accompanied by falls in inequality indices, which are high in the region. Finally, the results of the inequality-poverty elasticities suggest that Latin America went through a period in which poverty declined, but the rich became richer, which could, according to specialized economic theory, be a factor that made it lighter reduction of poverty.
Modelagem matemática por meio de Sistemas Fuzzy: um Instrumento para avaliação de autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Zago, Lucas de Agostini; Peixoto, Magda da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0413910306376054; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8129154835369228
In this work, concepts, definitions and theorems about Fuzzy Logic and Systems Based on Fuzzy Rules were presented. We used these systems to develop a mathematical model for diagnosing autism based on the CARS-BR scale: without autism, mild / moderate autism, and severe autism. The choice is due to the great subjectivity involved in the medical diagnosis process of behavioral syndromes.
A semântica dos adjuntos temporais: uma proposta de análise com a semântica de vetores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Perez, João Francisco Bergamini; Conde, Dirceu Cleber; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2630773088169073; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7190981748838333
The semantic study of the temporal-aspectual phenomena, such as temporal reference, aspect and actionality, is an important area of the Semantic of Events. One of the main objectives in this research field is the delimitation of the different types of events that can be denoted by structures of the natural languages, among which we find the events belonging to the so-called “vendlerian classes”. Since Vendler (1957), temporal adjuncts are important tools used to make actional and aspectual distinctions. However, even if it is possible to find in the literature several analysis for the adjuncts ‘em X tempo’ (‘in x time’) and ‘por X tempo’ (‘for X time’), the semantic investigation for other adjuncts like ‘durante X tempo’ (‘during X time’), ‘até X tempo’ (‘until X time’) and ‘de X a Y tempo’ (‘from X to Y time’), among others, is still incipient, and the investigations most of the time consider only the perfective aspect. Thus, the aim of the present dissertation is to analyze the semantics and pragmatics of some temporal adjuncts, with the purpose of providing a description of these items in Brazilian Portuguese within the formal semantics framework. Thus, the purpose of this work is to study the combinations of certain temporal adjuncts with the different types of events, under different aspects, through the concepts brought by Semantics of events, and offer formalizations for these combinations in the perfective aspect using Vector Space Semantics theory (Zwarts, 1997; Zwarts and Winter, 2000; Bergamini-Perez and Basso, 2017). We propose a unified analyzes for their several possibilities of interpretation and their role as a delimiter of the characteristic features of events.
O papel das interações e linguagens no ensino de ciências tecnológicas no contexto da educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Miguel, Carolina Costa; Hai, Alessandra Arce; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3845288858275245; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3454117358640159
This is a bibliographic documentary research in which a survey was carried out of the main contents that contemplate science and technology issues in the national curriculum. The intent was to locate the concepts of the areas of Math, Engineering, Design and Computational Science, present on goals of learning and development to childhood education. With the objective of thinking in proposes that expand qualitatively the interactions between teachers and students inside the school environment and from the interactions between the children and digital tecnological resources and non digitals present in your everyday life. In the course of this work, we realized the importance of interactions and languages to the teaching-learning process of children of early years learning, especially to tecnologies teaching. Thinking on the necessity to expand the practices in literacy, these concepts took prominence on obtained data analyse. We directed the study to the comprehension of languages of interation, which the theoretical foundation was on the Historical-culture Theory and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) researches. It was intended to organize a set of practices that meet the necessity of brazilian curriculum englobing new ways of resoning to the childhood development, as the computational thinking and the design thinking.
Formulações e métodos de solução para o problema de coleta e entrega com janelas de tempo, frota heterogênea e múltiplos produtos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Gasque, Diógenes Henrique Frazzato; Munari Junior, Pedro Augusto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1328868140869976; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4310591415803451
Logistics efficiency is critical to the business success of most organizations. Inherent in the logistics process, vehicle routing plays an important role to ensure lower costs and customer satisfaction. The vehicle routing problem with pickup and delivery arises in several real-word contexts in both urban and rural environments, where products are collected in certain locations and transported to the respective delivery recipients. Usually these pickup and delivery operations should consider more complex decisions, such as customer time windows, heterogeneity of the fleet, and quantities to be transported of the various existing products. We address the pickup and delivery vehicle routing problem with time windows, with practical constraints of heterogeneous fleet, multiple products and split load. We proposed models and solution methods for the problem in question. We extended a three-index model based on the classical formulation containing all practical constraints. We adapted a two-index model containing heterogeneous fleet and multiple products. Computational experiments using examples from literature showed that the models and methods proposed had acceptable results. We proposed a metaheuristic for the classical case and its variants. To facilitate the use of the proposed approaches for the support of decision-making, we developed a computational tool with web interface, and show the results of this tool.
Currículo e o ensino de ciências nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: implicações na prática docente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Zorzo, Viviani; Faria, Paulo Cézar de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3630521378837174; Furlan, Elaine Gomes Matheus; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3179865576965852; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6520290653455963
The present research deals with an empirical investigation, which aims to understand the process of the curriculum of Sciences’ development, of the initial years of elementary school, in a municipal public school of Elementary Education located in the interior of São Paulo State. The research was based on studies related to the curriculum, according to the assumptions developed by Gimeno Sacristán, and developed in a qualitative approach. The following methodological procedures were adopted: documentary analysis, semistructured interview, classroom observation and focal group. Data analyzes were performed based on the curricular dimensions proposed by the author, grouped according to the two axes: 1) prescribed, presented and modeled curriculum, dimensions that occur outside the classroom context; 2) in action and evaluated curriculum, dimensions that occur in the context of the classroom. From the analyzes related to axis 1, the research showed the influence of the official documents in the construction of the pedagogical proposal of the municipal school network, mainly the National Curricular Parameters; the curriculum presented had the textbook as the main intermediate agent, being an important support for the operationalization of curricular prescription; the translations made by the teachers of the curriculum, have revealed that they consider several elements in curricular modeling, which are related to the profile, to the academic and professional backgrounds, and to the conception of learning and Science of each teacher. In axis 2, the curriculum in action was directly influenced by the prescribed curriculum, the textbook was used by almost all teachers who, in an autonomous way, used different instruments and materials to architect practices; the evaluated curriculum, characterized as one of the most valued by Gimeno Sacristán, showed itself differently in the case of Science teaching, considering that the evaluation in the area does not have the same recognition as Portuguese Language and Mathematics, for example. The Science curriculum component is not part of the internal nor external county evaluation in the initial years, fact that implies in the opportunities for teachers to re-signify their practice and also in the direction of public policy. In general the teaching of Sciences still presents weaknesses, however teachers seek to improve practice, even with gaps in training, allowing the space given them in the curriculum can be used, in view of the emphasis on reading and writing, so common in this segment. Continuing education is a determining factor determinant for a quality Science teaching.
Cantos, danças, rodas e resistência na comunidade Trovadores do Vale
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Oliveira, Pedro Augusto Dutra de; Oliveira, Maria Waldenez de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3404769527869004; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3945855591148052
This dissertation describes and analyses the educational processes from the Trovadores do Vale Choir, an ensemble from the town of Araçuaí, in the Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Trovadores do Vale Choir is a social activity participated in by women and men from the Araçuaí community. The choir has been active for the last forty-eight years, its repertoire consists of folk songs, such as work songs, religious hymns, among other songs and dances that were collected in daily social activities of the Jequitinhonha Valley. Originally, our research questions were stimulated from the practices and experiences from both the colonial and modern legacies, from the Jequitinhonha Valley cultural context. We understand that educational processes can be created in social praxis, and the production of academic knowledge should account for different epistemologies, new narratives, and comprehensive ways of listening and seeing that were historically neglected in this colonial context of knowledge. Therefore, this dissertation uses the work authors like Enrique Dussel, Paulo Freire, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, and Aníbal Quijano as theoretical framework; we believe that the democratization of these social narratives is fundamental to proposals linked to education and specifically to education and music, with the idea of education as every historical process of the human being acting and changing the world. Thus, the methodology of the study was constructed in dialogue with the subjects of the study, in a conception of science that emphasizes the scientific investigation to the social commitment. The data was collected mostly between the years of 2015 and 2016 and was configured by the use of field notes, interviews, and analysis of documents. Through the triangulation of the obtained data, thematic categories appeared that were configured as follows: 1) Songs and verses from the Trovadores do Vale community: category that pointed us to educational processes linked to the coexistence of the members of the choir as a community, and also educational processes based on the songs and verses that are part of the choral repertoire; 2) The creation of the choir: a category that made it possible to verify educational processes at the moment when the choir is born as an event, the result of a series of articulations. We understand that choir is born of educational processes linked to such articulations, however when it starts, it is produced the educational processes also for the same articulations; 3) History, resistance and fecundity: a category that pointed to educational processes linked to the history of the choir throughout its 48 years, to its resistance throughout this history and to its fecundity, that is, influence and legacy that contributed to the emergence of other practices such as choirs and artistic groups in the Jequitinhonha Valley. In this sense, we conclude that Trovadores do Vale Choir produced educational processes for Vale itself and abroad. Among the educational processes, we highlight: coexistence, solidarity, democratic participation, overcoming of problems daily life, maintenance of culture, awareness, the song Ser Mais, resistance and re-rooting.
A disciplina de Environment and Human Development para crianças de um colégio com programa bilíngue: o ensino de línguas por projetos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-02-21) Franchi, Ana Bacciotti; Silva, Vera Lucia Teixeira da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4421134009136228; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5154342559094297
This study investigates how the Environment and Human Development (EHD) school subject contributes Language Teaching through Projects (EAL) Teaching in Elementary School classes in a Bilingual Program at a school. Taking into consideration that this school subject is founded on a Teaching through Projects basis and is inserted in the bilingual curriculum, some research questions served as a starting point for this study: How, is the Environment and Human Development school subject developed via Language Teaching through Projects? How does this pedagogical practice contributes for Language Teaching in a school with a Bilingual Program? The term ‘project’ overlaps distinct theories, like the Project Method, Project Work, Project Pedagogy, and Project Strategies. However, these theories don´t satisfy the needs found in the observed practice, for this reason, I chose the term Teaching through Projects, relating it to the ideas of Language Teaching in the present era, which results in Language Teaching through Projects (LTP). For this study, I opted to do the data collection and data analysis on a qualitative-interpretivist research perspective: a Case Study. Methodologically, some data collection tools were used, such as the non-participant observation, field journal, teachers questionnaires, interviews and documentary sources. After the collection, the data was triangulated, discussed and analyzed. Finally, it was found that EAL Teaching in the EHD school subject, on a Teaching through Projects basis, contributes to significant learning. Therefore, this study may contribute to the advance of discussions about the importance of developing Language Teaching through Projects since it allows the relation between theory and practice and enables language learning through experience and understanding of reality.