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Estudo da secagem de grãos em leito fixo, com e sem escoamento reverso do ar de secagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-25)
Albini, Geisa
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Freire, Fábio Bentes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8937961078558996
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Freire, José Teixeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167
Attempting to contribute to the development of the drying process in fixed bed, this work has the objective of the experimental study on the drying of barley grains in fixed bed, without and with drying airflow reversal. The drying experiments consist of obtaining moisture content and temperature data as a function of time, evaluating the influence of the main process operating variables, such as initial moisture content of grain and drying air temperature. The bed's shrinkage of barley grain, exposed to different drying conditions, was evaluated and quantified to be incorporated in the mathematical modeling of the drying process. The drying experiments were performed in a fixed bed dryer, which operates with upward and downward airflow, allowing the drying process with airflow reversal. The experiments to determine the temperature and moisture content distribution, without and with airflow reversal, were performed and the results showed the presence of temperature and moisture content gradients inside the grain bed. It has also been observed that shrinkage of the grain bed during the drying process is strongly influenced by the initial moisture content of barley grains. It was found that the drying rate decreased with drying airflow reversal, but increased the homogeneity of the drying process, reducing the temperature and moisture content gradients in the bed. For the simulation of the temperature and moisture content profiles, a physical-mathematical analysis of the process was carried out, based on the two-phases model proposed by Massarani and Silva Telles (1992) for fixed bed, with incorporation of shrinkage phenomenon and temperature of mixture (fluid-solid). The equations of the model were solved by the method of lines in MatLab software R2015a. The predicted data compared to the experimental values showed good agreement, with relative average errors ranging from 1,0 to 13,6%, showing that the model is promising to predict the drying variables , but should be improved.
Eletrodeposição de ligas bioabsorvíveis do sistema Fe-Mn
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-25)
Figueira, Gustavo
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Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606
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Gargarella, Piter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4641435644243916
Stents are medical devices which promote the opening and mechanical support of clogged blood vessels and, once applied, cannot be removed. The manufacture of bioabsorbable stents is desirable to avoid several subsequent clinical complications, such as restenosis. Bioabsorbable metallic stents manufactured with iron-based alloys deserve prominence due to the very low toxicity and good compromise between mechanical strength and ductility. However, the corrosion resistance of these alloys is still very high compared to the lifetime of the stent. Such properties, coupled with the modification of the Fe corrosion rate by the addition of alloying elements, shows the potential of this system in the manufacture of stents. In this context, the objective of this project is to evaluate the manufacture of Fe-Mn-based alloys by means of electrodeposition, especially the process parameters and their influence on the surface morphology and microstructure. The samples were obtained by electrodeposition from a base electrolyte of 0.4 M FeCl2 + 0.4 M MnCl2, with the addition of additives such as ammonium chloride, sodium saccharin and sodium dodecyl sulfate. The deposits with the best surface quality were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction. The results indicated that the simultaneous deposition of Fe-Mn in potentials beyond -1.7 V vs. Ag/AgCl results in the formation of a dendritic microstructure, also leading to the presence of defects such as porosity and cracks. On the other hand, the addition of ammonium chloride allows the incorporation of higher Mn content with lower values of potential, maintaining the formation of a homogeneous microstructure and with lower level of defects. Sodium saccharin and sodium dodecyl sulfate were also effective in improving the surface quality of the deposit, indicating that the use of additives is indispensable in obtaining Fe-Mn alloys obtained by electrodeposition.
Diversidade genética de uma população isolada de bugio-ruivo (Alouatta guariba clamitans) (Cabrera 1940) no Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, São Paulo – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-25)
Monticelli, Cauê
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Sanches, Alexandra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4999886032379825
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3124379403088046
The fragmentation of the habitat mainly through anthropic causes may infer the genetic variability of species, specially over isolated populations in small fragments, leading to the reduction in population size, and spreading potential. Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI) is the largest fragment of Atlantic Forest inserted in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. For being an isolated area in urban environment, it takes the insular effect and it is under anthropogenic pressure that generates negative impact to the local biodiversity. Within wild species, the red howler monkeys (Alouatta guariba clamitans) is the only autochthone primate. Starting from the hypothesis that the isolated population of red howlers of PEFI is endogamic and it presents low genetic diversity, 10 loci heterological microsatellite indicators have been used in order to assess the genetic diversity, endogamy coefficient, population bottleneck, and initial information over the population structure, and familyhood. Thus, the DNA extraction and genotyping of the blood samples were performed in 30 animals captured. As a result, 49 alleles were found with an average of 4,9 alleles per loco, being 2,95 the effective number of alleles, a richness allelic average of 4,73, average Ho of 0,49, and average He = 0,58. It was observed a deficit in heterozygotes and Fis endogamic coefficient being 0,16, pointing the occurrence of inbreeding. The Pearson correlation test and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used in order to analyze the relation between the geographic distance of the captured animals and the genetic distance obtained through the analysis of familyhood and, based on the results obtained, it has been observed a greater proximity of male adults family-related than non-related male adults. The populational reduction test has not detected recent population bottlenecks. Nevertheless, in spite of the absence of bottlenecks and the moderate genetic diversity found, the population of brown howlers of PEFI has presented a considerable average of endogamic coefficient, and genetic diversity inferior to other isolated populations.
Desenvolvimento de imunossensores microfluídicos descartáveis para detecção de biomarcadores visando o diagnóstico precoce da doença de Alzheimer
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-25)
Oliveira, Tássia Regina de
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Faria, Ronaldo Censi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8659496864305621
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9671451657511244
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that affects a large number of elderly and has an important social and economic impact. In early stages, the AD diagnosis can significantly improve patients' quality of life. Currently, AD biomarkers require diagnostic imaging procedures that are expensive or invasive. Thus, methods less invasive that allow an early, fast, and low-cost diagnosis are highly desirable. For this reason, a disposable microfluidic device was developed based on electrochemical immunosensors for detection of the biomarkers A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) and amyloid-β peptide with 42 amino acids (Aβ42) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid samples. Three elderly groups divided into cognitively healthy subjects, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD patients at different disease stages were analyzed. For device construction, electrodes were screen printed on polyester foil using carbon and Ag/AgCl inks. Strategies for the biomarker’s detection were based on sandwich or competitive immunoassays. The horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme was used as an electrochemical marker and responsible for the indirect response of the immunosensor. The ADAM10 calibration curve was linear in the range of 5.6 to 1.4 pg mL-1, with a linear correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.983, and a limit of detection (LD) of 5.6 fg mL-1. For βA42 biomarker, the concentration range was linear between 1.8 and 499.2 pg mL-1 of the peptide, with r2 = 0.977 and LD of 1.8 pg mL-1. Plasma samples from AD and MCI patients showed significantly increased of ADAM10 levels when compared with healthy subjects. Aβ42 concentrations found in the cerebrospinal fluid were statistically different between the control and the diseased groups. ADAM10 and its detection using the device proposed here proved to be a powerful tool for the early diagnosis and AD monitoring, which can bring great benefits to patients' quality of life.
Gestão das inovações tecnológicas na agroindústria do amendoim do estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-25)
Depieri, Heitor Augusto
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Batalha, Mario Otávio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2627252104839580
Peanut is one of the foods that are already part of the Brazilian culture. The national consumption ranges from roasted, salted fruit to sweets (like the traditional paçoca) and derivatives containing peanut in their composition. The state of São Paulo is the largest producer and processor of this product. The main peanut-producing areas are the regions of Alta Paulista (Tupã and Marília) and Alta Mogiana (Dumont, Jaboticabal, Ribeirão Preto, and Sertãozinho). However, many opportunities are lost when it comes to adding value to this product, as 80% of the whole production of the state are shipped to other countries in the form of grains and the remaining is intended to supply the national sweets industry. Since the increased Dollar rate provides good financial results, the processed products are left out to export countries. Therefore, this dissertation aims at verifying how São Paulo-based companies are managing technological innovations in processing of peanut and implementing such technologies in order to increase competitiveness. To achieve that, a case study is to be carried out with the processors from the regions of Alta Paulista and Alta Mogiana. Interviews will be conducted with the support of a semi-structured questionnaire. An analysis of the patents filed involving the subject matter of this study will also be performed to verify in which fields there are innovations (regarding product and process) at the national and international levels. The finding results shows that the raw material originated from the processing companies have a strong influence by the industries who buy these materials, regarding the deciding process whether to innovate or not. And the food industries that are responsible for product from peanuts, are constantly interested and search for technology to guarantee the market demands and stay in it
Moldagem e comparação de propriedades de compósitos de poli(butileno adipato-co-tereftalato) reforçados com tecidos de fibras vegetais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-25)
Maciel, Cristiane Carla
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Paiva, Jane Maria Faulstich de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7926832511513537
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8846411014725252
In recent years, the increasing volume of polymer resin production and use has generated environmental problems caused by the post-consumption disposal of these materials, which become huge amounts of waste due to the difficulty of biodegradation and also the low use in recycling processes. Thus, the present work sought the development of polymeric composites with the use of a thermoplastic and biodegradable polymer matrix (PBAT). For the molding of the composites were used jute vegetable fibers, which are of renewable source, easy to obtain and low cost. In the case, three different commercial types of fiber fabric were used: jute (F9), jute and cotton (I33) and jute 2X2 with weights of 382 g / m2, 361 g / m2 and 438 g / m2 respectively. The moldings of the materials were made in metal mold coupled in a hydraulic press, using the hot compression method, followed by cooling at room temperature. After the moldings, the materials were cut for the analysis of spectroscopy in the infrared region by Fourier transform (FTIR), thermal properties by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG), dynamic-mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), mechanical tests (tensile and impact), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) analysis, crystallinity (XRD) and contact angle. FTIR analysis revealed only O-H bands present in the composite samples due to the presence of the fibers. Regarding the TGA/DTG analysis, it was observed that the insertion of the reinforcement in the matrix caused a decrease of 3 to 4% in the thermal stability of the composites in relation to the PBAT. From the results of the mechanical tests of traction and impact it was possible to observe improvements of up to 208% in the maximum tensile strength and 142% in the impact resistance. According to the SEM images, fibers / polymer matrix interaction was observed, revealing a certain interfacial adhesion. The percent crystalline phase of PBAT (17.79%) was obtained by the XRD diffractogram. In the contact angle analysis, the PBAT polymer and the composites presented hydrophobic characteristics on the respective surfaces. Therefore from the set of analyzes performed in this work it was possible to characterize and compare the three different types of jute fiber fabrics reinforced composites with the PBAT polymer. In addition, it was possible to verify that the composites presented superior mechanical properties compared to PBAT polymer without reinforcement.
Caracterização de filmes de alginato de sódio e PEDOT:PSS para potencial aplicação em dispositivos eletrocrômicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-25)
Fernandes Filho, Jorge
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Longaresi, Rafael Henriques
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0191932527256862
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Menezes, Aparecido Junior de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0484426340349483
Polymer (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) in association with PSS Poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid) PEDOT: PSS, are a class of materials that associate properties found in plastics with electrical characteristics present in metals. The union with sodium alginate, which is a renewable source polymer, found in marine algae, allows the creation of homogeneous films which, when doped under the action of passing electric current, change their colors. The investigation of the resulting electrical properties, as well as the morphological characteristics of the material and the assembly of an electrochromic device, are the main objectives of this work. The films were assembled using the solvent evaporation method, casting, from aqueous solutions of the mixture of PEDOT: PSS and sodium alginate in various proportions. Analysis of the voltage versus current curve showed a dependence or the PEDOT: PSS concentration for the increase of the conductivity of the formed film. Profile analysis showed that the coasting technique produced film of about 1000 nm and the technique spin casting the films produced films with about 250nm of thickness; RX diffractometry (DRX) revealed that the material is predominantly amorphous; UV-Vis absorbance measurements indicated that there is greater absorption of light energy in the RGB pattern is in the length of 650 nm; images from scanning electron microscopy indicated the homogeneity of the components in the formation of the films and the optical microscopy showed the continuity of the films formed. Infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform FTIR analyzes demonstrated that the absorption bands are equivalent to those found in the literature. In this way, the synthesized material presents suitable characteristics to be applied in the construction of an electrochromic device.
O mundo público e a autogestão em Rosa Luxemburgo: uma análise do movimento das ocupações das escolas do estado de São Paulo em 2015
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-25)
Stabelini, Ana Maria
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Riscal, Sandra Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0328618752218708
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8644271456768354
This work is the product of a conceptual study on the work of Rosa Luxemburg, and aims to contribute to the development of studies related to the conception of self-management and its articulation with conceptions of councils, public space, political self - education, as well as to discuss the self-managing character of the occupations movement of the schools of the State of São Paulo in 2015 and to discuss the possibility of its application to the design of school boards. In order to develop this thesis, some aspects are presented as fundamental: the concept of education based on political action and the possibility of autonomy and school self-government. Thus, we will consider the school not only as an organization stablished by the State, but also as a social organization, with characteristics that are intrinsic to the social groups belonging to it. The comprehension of the proposed problem will be fundamented on the conceptions of political freedom, democratic socialism, autonomy and self-government, criticism of the bureaucracy and the creation of participative organs in Rosa Luxemburg´s work. We start from the hypothesis that the self-managed councils, as conceived by Rosa Luxemburg to be spaces for the achievement of autonomy and freedom, would aim at the development of public consciousness, based on political action. In this sense, a conceptual study was carried out in the area of philosophy of education, with a view to the analysis of conceptions present in the work of Rosa Luxemburg which can explicitly give its concept of self-management. One of the elements that underpinned this study was the self-managerial experiences of the student occupations in 2015, highlighting the women's struggle and the female protagonism in the occupations. Thus, we consider this study relevant to the area of education for approaching some of its central discussions: the process of democratization of public schools, the democratic management of education and the creation of participative school councils.
Procedimento para análise de fundação de radier considerando grelha e apoios elásticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-26)
Braga, Charlie Aparecido
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Carvalho, Roberto Chust
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3633394168236221
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0401090333155701
The calculation of flexible or rigid mat foundation is difficult to perform because it is a matter of analyzing a plate resting on the ground, subjected to the external actions and the reactions of the soil. Following a trend of the calculation executed in concrete in Brazil, the plate is idealized as being a grid, that is, discretized in beams in one direction and another. To consider the soil and the interaction with the structure is used, in this work, the theory of spring of Winkler. The study of the passage from a continuous to a discrete medium is the main theme of this work. In this way the work proposes the use, as a tool, of a free and free grid program developed by a UFSCar research group to calculate mat foundation and beams on elastic basis. The obtained results will be compared with traditional values found by the theory of continuous beam medium on elastic basis and, in the case of plates, with numerical processes employed numerical techniques diverse as finite element. Finally, comparisons will be made of the results obtained with values of commercial software such as Eberick V10, showing that the final results are forthcoming.
Discursos eleitorais de PT e PSDB nos programas de governo e debates televisivos: ideologia, estratégias e pragmatismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-26)
Vizoná, Amanda
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Ribeiro, Pedro José Floriano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6336151484882362
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0395142824245016
This thesis has been developed based upon the hypothesis that PT and PSDB, the main farsided Brazilian political parties in the last two decades, have made an ideological centripetal move, approaching political agendas that used to distinguish them. This move explains the weakening of the party-elector bounding and the end of the political polarization leading, thus, to the electoral defeat of both sides in 2018. In order to evaluate this hypothesis this article considers political parties analytical theories and their strategies and ideological preferences: the Rational Choice theory, which considers political parties as pragmatics vote-seeking institutions, and the Saliency theory, which considers party documents and official speeches as ideological propagandas capable to connect and attract supporters. Thus, this present article intends to evaluate the political party positioning through the cross-analysis of the govern program and the speech during the electoral televised debates. To do so, the speech sentence analysis method was used in order to fit such sentences into the categories designed by the “Manifesto Research on Political Representation” (MARPOR). After measuring the consentaneity between party documents and the speech during the electoral debates, such as the parties’ strategies to communicate them to the electors, this article contributes to the campaign strategy literature and points out that PT and PSDB are very much alike, in despite of what they allege.
Efeitos do treinamento físico combinado na rigidez arterial de ratos tratados com dexametasona
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-26)
Paula, Vinicius Ferreira de
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Cardoso, Sandra Lia do Amaral
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2030708742766455
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7529009566401947
Arterial stiffness, determined by pulse wave velocity (PWV) has been considered an important cardiovascular risk predictor. It has been shown that high arterial stiffness contributes to develop hypertension (HT) and may be determined by an unbalance between the main extracellular proteins, like collagen and elastin. Previous studies have demonstrated that dexamethasone (DEX) increases arterial pressure (AP) in rats and humans; however the DEX effects on arterial stiffness are unclear. On the other hand, combined physical training (CT) has been recommended to control hypertension, but almost nothing is known about its effects on mechanisms responsible to control arterial stiffness. We hypothesized that CT could control collagen and elastin levels and attenuate arterial stiffness and AP increase in DEX-treated rats. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CT on arterial stiffness and AP in DEX-treated rats. Thirty-seven Wistar rats (200-250g) were allocated into 4 groups: sedentary control (SC, n = 8), sedentary treated with DEX (SD, n = 9), trained control (TC, n=10) and trained and treated with DEX (TD, n = 10). All rats performed a maximum voluntary carrying capacity test (MVCC, on the ladder) and a maximal physical capacity test (TEM, on the treadmill) and underwent CT (60% maximum, 5d / week, 1h / on alternate days, for 74 days) or were kept sedentary. Through the last 14 days, they were treated with DEX (50μg / kg per day, s.c.) or saline. At the end experimental protocol, rats underwent pulse wave velocity (PWV) and tail AP measurements. Two-way ANOVA and T-Student t-test were used to compare the groups. Tukey post-hoc test was used when necessary. Maximal physical capacity test or MVCC values, PWV and AP were correlated by Pearson/Spearman test (p <0.05). Trained rats showed higher responses on MVCC and TEM compared with sedentary rats. DEX treatment increased tail AP (from 116 ± 2 to 181 ± 5 mmHg, p <0.05) as well as VOP (from 1.5 ± 0.05 m/s to 2.1 ± 0 m/s). On the other hand, TD group presented attenuation of AP and PWV increase induced by DEX (11% and 7.3%, for AP and PWV, respectively) when compared with SD group (53% e 38%, for AP and PWV, respectively). Also, DEX treatment increased COL III protein levels (+51,62%) in SD and CT significantly attenuated this increase (TD, +4,31%). COL I/COL III was significantly reduced after DEX treatment. Ellastin levels were not altered. Results of PWV were associated with AP (r = 0.6714) as well as COL III (r=0.4567). Therefore, the results of the present study are unique in demonstrating that CT was able mitigate increase on arterial stiffness induced by DEX treatment and the mechanism may involve a better control of aorta COL III levels. This CT-induced PWV attenuation may contribute to the lower AP observed in trained DEX-treated rats.
Elaboração de tarefas comunicativas por professores em formação: aprofundando compreensões, refletindo sobre o processo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-26)
Carandina, Marina Pereira
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Barbirato, Rita de Cassia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962819573963727
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8738337488681332
This qualitative research, aims to investigate how teachers in initial and continuing education materialize the principles of Task Based Teaching after designing activities at the end of a course about it. We also sought to understand if the activities can be defined as tasks, and which were the conceptions of teachers about the TBT. We have as a theoretical support the principles that define tasks (PRAHBU, 1987; SKEHAN, 1996; WILLIS, 1996; XAVIER, 1999; ELLIS, 2003; BARBIRATO, 2005) and studies on teacher education and reflective practice (SCHÖN, 1983; CELANI, 2001; VIEIRA ABRAHÃO, 2010; NÓVOA, 2009; KFOURI-KANEOYA, 2009). A questionnaire, an interview and recordings of the lessons of the extension course were used as data collections. The teacher's productions were also used as a source of analysis. The results showed that teachers, both in initial and continuing training, were able to fulfill the objective of elaborating a task in accordance to its principles previously defined. In addition, it was possible to investigate that the teachers' conceptions about the TBT were summed up in defining task based on an interactionist perspective. The data also showed that theory study associate with opportunity of practice and teacher's reflection could bring positive results to an initial and continuing education of language teachers.
Indicadores de desempenho em usinas de cana-de-açúcar: uma proposta de modelo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-26)
Pavani, Daniel Augusto Borges
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Batalha, Mario Otávio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8033112440820040
Agribusiness is fundamental to the Brazilian economy. One of the sectors that stands out in the Brazilian agribusiness is the sugar-energy. The use of performance indicators, developed from the performance measurement systems found in the literature, are commonly used in decision making in companies in the most diverse sectors. However, many of these indicators do not fully meet corporate goals or are poorly used in decision making. Aiming to contribute to the reduction of this problem, this work aims to elaborate and propose a set of strategic and tactical performance indicators for a sugar and ethanol mill. This set of indicators has the characteristic of covering all areas of the plant to allow decision makers a global and systemic view of the company. The proposed indicators used the logic of the Performance Prism framework for its construction. The indicators were obtained through an action research that involved managers from all areas of the plant. The main contribution of this research is the proposal of indicators that comprise the set of activities (agricultural and industrial) of a sugarcane mill. The proposed model assumes, therefore, that performance indicators of a sugar-alcohol plant should include aspects related not only to the industrialization of sugarcane but also the activities of agricultural production of this raw material. We have proposed indicators not described in the literature that will be used by the company.
Catalisadores à base de Ni/(CeZr)O2/MgAl2O4 e Ni/(X2O3+ZrO2)/MgAl2O4 (X=La, Sm e Y) aplicados à tri-reforma do metano visando produção de hidrogênio e gás de síntese
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-26)
Lino, Ananda Vallezi Paladino
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Assaf, José Mansur
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9563312407691130
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9272485471200322
The Methane Tri-Reforming (MTR) is a combination of Methane Dry Reforming (MDR) and Methane Steam Reforming (MSR) coupled with the Partial Oxidation of Methane (POM). In the present work, nickel catalysts supported on MgAl2O4 spinel and the effect of the zirconia and zirconia associated to Ce, La, Sm and Y incorporation to this supported were evaluated on the MTR. The MgAl2O4 was prepared by Pluronic P123® assisted coprecipitation, which resulted in an increment in the specific surface area and pore volume. Zirconium oxide and the elements associated were incorporated in the spinel structure by the incipient impregnation technique. The concentration of such additives in the support was estimated considering the monolayer coverage on the MgAl2O4 surface. The Ni was also incorporated by incipient impregnation technique in a nominal concentration of 10% wt. The fresh catalysts were characterized using ex situ proceedings like XRD with Rietveld Refinement, N2 adsorption to determine textural properties, H2-TPR, H2-TPD, CO2-TPD, and in situ characterizations like XPD (X-ray Powder Diffraction) and XANES (X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure). The catalysts were evaluated in MTR at 750oC. The catalysts which featured the lowest amounts of carbon deposited during reaction at 750oC were also evaluated at 650oC, aiming to verify the temperature effect on the catalytic performance. Among all the catalysts, the Ce-Zr catalyst increased the metallic dispersion, which allowed the decrease of the carbon deposition compared to non-promoted catalyst. Despite the catalyst with Zr supported on the MgAl2O4 had shown the lowest coke deposition, the incorporation of Zr associated to Ce led to highest products yields, H2 and CO, 68% and 63%, respectively. Thus, it was also studied the effect of varying the Ce/Zr molar ratio in the catalysts supports, with molar ratios of Ce/Zr= 1, Ce/Zr= 4 and Zr/Ce=0. They were characterized and evaluated in MTR at 750oC. Operational studies were executed using the catalysts with the Ce/Zr = 4, changing the spatial velocity (GHSV) and the feed composition. This catalyst was selected for such studies once its basicity was mainly from basic sites up to moderate strength, which contribute to minimize the coke deposition. Once the conversions increased as the spatial velocity diminished, the feed composition studies (effect of O2/CO2 and H2O/CO2 ratios) were evaluated using the GHSV= 2.95 mol.g 1.h 1. The O2/CO2 = 0.17 was considered more adequate, once the CO2 conversion was kept at around 60%, while the H2/CO ratio was close to 1.75. Increasing the O2/CO2 ratio from 0 to 1.5, the coke deposition decreased about 30 times, while varying the H2O/CO2 ratio from 0 to 1.4 decreased the carbon content about 8 times. Thus, the air increment in the feed stream contributed more effectively to diminish the carbon production than the H2O addition. The scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, used to characterize the coke produced along the reactions showed that the carbon seems as filamentous, presenting a small graphitization degree, which demonstrates that it can be gasified under the reaction conditions.
As interjeições do português brasileiro e seus aspectos indexicais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-26)
Teixeira, Ariane
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Conde, Dirceu Cleber
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2630773088169073
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5738171689581379
Brazilian Portuguese interjections form a heterogeneous and productive grammatical class, whose items are commonly associated with the idea that they “express feelings and emotions of the speaker”, but in fact these items have other functions and meanings in different speech contexts. Our research hypothesis considers that (i) interjections are syntactically independent, that (ii) they carry an elided/unpronounced indexical element in their structure, and that (iii) they have expressive content. We will present a set of interjections to which classification criteria will be applied according to the contextual information of the speech episode and their functionality. The scope of the present research also includes the expressive semantic content of the interjections; since these items can not be evaluated according to their truth conditions, because, following our analysis, they contribute only in the expressive dimension, and therefore we will explore the multidimensionality theory of Gutzmann (2013; 2015), which provides a formal apparatus for dealing with expressive items. Our tools of analysis are formal semantics and pragmatics, and we apply a hypothetical deductive methodology, we will formulate our conclusions in order to be falsifiable and therefore verifiable, counting on the speaker’s intuition.
Leveduras como agentes de controle de Alternaria alternata em tomates no pós-colheita: mecanismos, resistência a estresses e formulação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-27)
Bosqueiro, Ariane Silva
;
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Rosa-Magri, Márcia Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4166319985147604
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8943992959158197
The fungus Alternaria alternata causes rot in several post-harvest crops, limiting commercialization and causing damage to the entire agricultural production chain. The use of biological control agents has been an alternative and the yeasts have characteristics that make them suitable for this use. Understanding the mechanisms of action used by these yeasts, their resistance to different stresses and finding formulations that guarantee their viability and a good control activity of phytopathogenic fungus, are important aspects to be clarified in this type of approach. The objectives of the present work were to evaluate the mechanisms of action of the yeasts Torulaspora globosa (strain 5S55) and Trichosporon asahii (strain 3S44) involved in the biological control activity, the resistance of these yeasts under different stress sources and their efficiency in formulations in the control fungus Alternaria alternata in tomato. For this, the two strains were tested for the mechanisms of action: production of hydrolytic enzymes (chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in vivo test and biofilm formation. Strains culture was evaluated under stress conditions, including different temperatures (10, 20 and 30 °C), osmotic stress (0, 3, 6 and 9% NaCl), oxidative stress (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mM H2O2) and resistance to mancozeb-based fungicide Manzate WG® (0,1, 0,2, 0,3, 0,4 and 0,5 mg/mL). Formulations containing corn starch and gelatin at 2% were evaluated for adhesion of the yeasts on the fruit surface and, later, the formulation with starch was evaluated in tomatoes to control A. alternata. As a result, the strains presented results only in the production of the enzyme β-1,3-glucanase, and T. asahii (3S44), also presented activity for the formation of biofilm in the in vitro test. T. asahii (3S44) showed to be more resistant than T. globosa (5S55) in all tests, being that the condition that most affected the viability of both strains was oxidative stress. In addition, none could withstood the minimum concentration of mancozeb-based fungicide. The formulation that showed the best result in the fixation of the cells on the tomato surface was with corn starch. When this was used in the control of A. alternata, it showed 15,7 and 42,5% inhibition with T. globosa (5S55) and T. asahii (3S44), respectively. In view of such results, it is possible to state that T. asahii (strain 3S44) presented, in general, better results in relation to T. globosa (strain 5S55) and that both have potential for biological control.
Os efeitos do treinamento físico, associado ao perindopril, na rigidez arterial de ratos espontaneamente hipertensos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-27)
Miotto, Danyelle Siqueira
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Cardoso, Sandra Lia do Amaral
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2030708742766455
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0601261066749163
Hypertension (HT) is a complex and multifactorial disease considered one of the main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. It is maintained mainly by structural changes in vessels that contribute to increase vascular resistance. Changes in the intrinsic elastic properties of the vessel wall contribute to determine arterial stiffness and may compromise vessel functioning. Currently, arterial stiffness has been considered an important predictor of cardiovascular mortality. Among the antihypertensive treatments, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) have been used to improve vessel compliance, however, almost nothing is known about the use of ACEi, associated or not with aerobic TF, on the improvement of arterial stiffness in hypertensive animals. We hypothesized that T associated with perindopril could improve arterial stiffness and HT higher than isolated treatments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic T, associated or not with perindopril treatment on arterial stiffness, arterial pressure and cardiac remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). 49 SHR (200-300g) were randomly allocated into 4 groups: 1 / sedentary control (SC, n = 12) 2 / sedentary treated with perindopril (SP, n = 10, 3 mg / kg per day, by gavage) 3 / trained control (TC, n = 13, which underwent treadmill aerobic exercise per 60 days), 4 / trained perindopril (TP, n = 14, which underwent aerobic TF and were treated with perindopril). Ten wistar rats were used as normotensive control. Weekly tail pressure measurements were measured. At the end of experimental protocol, pulse wave velocity (PWV) was performed to analyze arterial stiffness. After measurement of direct arterial pressure (AP), autonomic balance and barroreflex analysis, aorta artery was removed for proteomic analysis and muscle tissues (soleus and left ventricle) for histological analyses. The sedentary hypertensive rats (SC) presented lower body weight (-26.51%) and lower SOL weight (-26%) compared to wistar rats. However, hemodynamic values of SBP, DBP and MAP were elevated (+ 69.61%, 62.33% and 63.53% respectively), as well as VOP (+ 49.35%) and sympathetic nerve activity for vessels (+ 64.33%) when compared to wistar. Spontaneous (non-pharmacological) barroreflex analysis of SC had values of reflex bradycardia (GAIN UP, -43.70%), as well as the sum of reduced reflex bradycardia and reflex tachycardia (GAIN ALL, -42.47%), when compared to wistar. The histological analysis of collagen density was increased (+ 136.80%) in SC rats, whereas C: F (+ 24.34%) was higher in wistar. PWV was higher and treatment with perindopril and / or T were able to reduce it in SHR (-36%, -21% and -46%, for SP, TF and TP, respectively), compared with SC. Media wall AST values were also reduced in the SP (-59%), TC (-55%) and TP (-44%) groups, compared with SC. In addition, LV collagen density was reduced after perindopril (-53%), T (-46%) and its association (-52%). Only trained groups presented higher values of capillary-to-fiber ratio (64% and 37%, for TC and TP respectively). Sympathetic nervous activity to the vessels was also reduced only after T. Proteomic analysis suggested that some proteins that were up regulated after perindopril, were contra balanced by T, through different pathways. Results of this study suggest that reduction of arterial stiffness induced by T maybe associated with renin angiontensin system, since reduction were similar to those after perindopril treatment. Besides functional responses were similar, proteomic results suggest that both strategies act through different protein pathway. Improvements of arterial stiffness may be also associated with local and neural skeletal muscle microcirculation alterationsand both treatments did not determine synergic responses.
Mindfulness para pacientes com artrite reumatoide. Revisão sistemática da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-27)
Greve, Ledjane Neves de Oliveira Schaeffer
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Machado, Regimar Carla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1310723429860987
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6264233618694110
Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), characterized as an autoimmune systemic disease, progressive chronic inflammation that causes deformity and destruction of the joints, has a negative impact on the autonomy to perform daily activities, quality of life, and triggers cardiovascular, pulmonary, and increased mortality. Mindfulness meditation is one of the practices that assists in the search for integral care and in recent years has attracted the attention of researchers who, gradually, begin to value non-medicamentalized practices capable of promoting physical and mental well-being. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness as a complementary therapy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Method: This is a systematic review of the literature of randomized clinical trials. The electronic databases searched were: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, PEDro, PsycoINFO, LILACS, Web of Science, clinical trials.gov, WHO-ICTRP. The gray literature was accessed through the Open Gray base. Primary studies evaluating intervention with mindfulness compared to placebo, psychotherapy, or other equivalent strategies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis were included. Primary outcomes included: symptom management, quality of life, and patient satisfaction. The quality of each study was assessed using the bias evaluation tool provided by the Cochrane Collaboration. Results: Four studies (249 participants) comparing mindfulness with waiting list, cognitive therapy and education were included. All studies were classified as having a high risk of bias in at least one of the domains of the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Studies have shown improvements in the disease activity scores (DAS-28-CRP), morning stiffness, pain, overall patient assessment, depressive symptoms, psychological stress, well-being, improvements in positive and negative affect, decrease in joint counts inflammatory reactions, stress reactivity and catastrophic pain, improvements in reported pain, fatigue, morning dysfunction, anxious and serene affect. Conclusion: Evidence from the present review studies is of low quality, therefore, more robust clinical trials with larger samples are needed in order to know the efficacy of mindfulness for patients with rheumatoid arthritis and this technique can be adopted in the clinical practice.
Caracterização de células estromais mesenquimais multipotentes cultivadas na presença de uma molécula moduladora da expressão de ciclo-oxigenase-2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-28)
Rosario, João Pedro da Cruz
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Fuentes, Andrea Soares da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2426157257540389
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Haddad, Simone Kashima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9528645605164487
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are stem cells used in therapeutic applications due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory potential. These cells exhibit paracrine activity, which releases soluble factors that allow them to manage immune system cells. Among the diversity of factors, prostaglandin E2 stands out, synthesized by MSC after contact with tumor necrosis factor ɑ (TNF-ɑ) and increased expression of the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Our research group developed a large-scale screening qPCR assay based on the TNF-ɑ - COX-2 axis, to select molecules that positively modulate COX-2, and the results pointed to the natural compound indirubin. Therefore, the objective was to carry out a cellular priming to observe the effects of indirubin on the characteristics of umbilical cord MSC (UC-MSC) and to validate the modulatory activity of the compound on COX-2. For this purpose, UC-MSC samples (n=3) were conditioned for 72 hours to three treatments: control condition, 0.25% DMSO and 50μM indirubin. For characterization analyses, cells were tested for morphology, immunophenotypic profile, cell viability and adipogenic differentiation. Subsequently, COX-2 modulation was evaluated through protein expression (Western blot) and gene expression (qPCR). Then, samples were selected for a proliferation assay and an immunomodulation assay, performed by co-cultivating UC-MSC with peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Finally, a qPCR analysis of the expression of inflammatory genes by PBMC was performed. The results indicated that priming did not contradict any cell characterization criteria, and that there is no bias in viability or proliferation. The gene and protein modulation of COX-2 was expressed differently between the samples, with “UC-MSC 03” showing gains in both analyses. The co-culture assay indicated that the UC-MSCs control the proliferation of lymphocytes, but it was not possible to affirm the immunomodulatory gain from the treatment with indirubin. And the qPCR of the inflammatory genes indicated expression gains in some targets, which can be used in another immunomodulation approach.
“Lei Seca” e racionalidade. Um estudo sobre o caso brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-03-28)
Moretti, Luciana Cristina Pasztor
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Noronha, Eduardo Garuti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6908348693613769
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7414639445899689
Since 2008, when the first “Dry Law” came into force in Brazil, drivers’ awareness and attitude have undergone several transformations, the main one being the habit of not driving after drinking. In this dissertation, I present and analyze the changes carried out in the various “Dry Laws” in the years 2008, 2012, 2016 and 1017, their legal implications, both criminal and administrative, as well as their consequences in the decision making of the agent, the driver. This scenario is exposed based on the theoretical-methodological approach proposed by Jon Elster, with its explanation for mechanisms and its own rationality, including the individual's “irrational behavior”. Thus, a debate on the “Dry Laws” is conducted and highlights its parts and gears, its actors and its failures, mainly that, even with continued improvements, it is still the law itself, its text, understanding and fulfillment, which brings the sensation of impunity for society, which demands progress and efficiency of public policies.