Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-04-12"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 12131

Os efeitos do gênero e do histórico de Informantes na confiança seletiva de crianças
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-12)
Messias, Ana Carolina
;
Souza, Débora de Hollanda
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3640676759708745
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8449019704840844
Although children use other people’s testimony to learn, recent evidence suggests they do it in a critical manner, trusting their informants selectively. The present study investigated which criterion was privileged by children when deciding whom to trust in novel learning situations – how reliable the informant has been in the past (i.e., his reliability record) or his/her gender. Sixty-three children participated in the study – 32 boys and 31 girls, and they were distributed into two age groups: 3- (M = 3 yrs and 5 mos; SD = 4,3 mos) and 4-year-olds (M = 4 yrs and 5 mos; SD = 5,3 mos). Their vocabulary was assessed by the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT; Brazilian version) and a selective trust task, used in a previous study conducted with U.S. children, was administered. The task was divided into a familiarization phase, and a test phase. During the familiarization phase, children were presented with scenes involving two actors (i.e., informants) labeling familiar objects (i.e., a lamp, a bowl, a coat, a dog). One of these informants was always male and the other female. Participants were distributed into four different conditions. In the first condition (C1), the female informant always labeled the objects correctly, but the male informant labeled incorrectly on every trial. In the second condition (C2), the female informant provided inaccurate labels for all familiar objects, whereas the male informant labeled them accurately every time. In a third condition (C3), both informants provided correct names for the objects. Finally, in the fourth condition (C4), both informants labeled the four objects inaccurately. During the test phase, novel objects were presented and each informant was asked to label them (e.g., one names it “tuma” and the other says it is a “danu”). Results were consistent with prior findings from international studies and they suggest that children tend to prefer the more reliable informant (75% in C1 e 68,7% in C2), regardless of gender. Additionally, when the informants have both proven to be reliable, children preferred the same gender informant (53,3% in C3 e 68,75% in C4). More broadly, these results can add to the existing data from other countries that shows that even young children (3-year-olds) discriminate good and bad informants and select the more reliable when learning something new. More specifically contrary to what many believe, children do not believe everything they hear. At the same time, the present work suggests that selective trust judgments can be influenced by different traits of informants, including gender.
A Universidade como território de conflitos socioculturais entre as comunidades indígena e não indígena
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-12)
Bracciali, Marcia Regina Pires
;
Ferraz, Maria Cristina Comunian
;
Sola, Fernanda
Throughout history, indigenous peoples have fought an intense struggle for recognition and respect: first by right to the possession of their original territories; later, for independence and self-management over them. To this end, driven by public education and inclusion policies, indigenous communities have sought higher education institutions aimed at training indigenous teachers and capacity building training in various technological areas. With the arrival of this population, the university campus evolved into a place of multicultural contact, becoming a place of conflicting situations, both visible and invisible. This study, developed at the Sorocaba Campus of the Federal University of São Carlos, aims to identify elements in the university environment linked to the social, historical and cultural context that affect social relations between indigenous and non-indigenous communities and to point out possible directions for actions to minimize these conflicts. The aim is to encourage better conditions for the welcome reception and permanence of indigenous students so that they complete their education, which together with the academic knowledge acquired in accordance with their traditional knowledge and values, will positively impact the life of their communities.
Estudo geológico e geotécnico de depósito antropogênico de resíduos na cidade de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-12)
Oliveira, Vinicius Gustavo de
;
Menezes, Denise Balestrero
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4329605467080208
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7102824100650189
Since ancient times, mankind to develop, has explored the physical environment, causing various changes in the planet, changing sedimentation rates, creating artificial grounds, or even generating voids in excavated areas, called deposits and manmade grounds. Among these deposits are the urban soils, formed in urbanized areas and that have their origin linked to the anthropic action. Although these deposits have become increasingly numerous, their geotechnical and geological properties are still unknown. The objective of this work is to survey the geological and geotechnical characteristics of an anthropogenic area, which consists of an area that was landed with constructional waste, as well other types of waste. As methodological, a bibliometric analysis was first carried out, to understand the evolution of the anthropogenic deposit approaches; bibliographic survey; digital image analysis; mapping of the manmade grounds that occur in the study area; geotechnical field tests in the areas of natural soil, surface residues and landfills of construction waste, with dynamic penetrometer, infiltration tests, electrical resistivity (geophysics), characterization of wastes. It was possible to delimit the area of occurrence of construction and demolition waste landfill, determine its depth, contextualize the evolution, and to determine the characteristics of this surface area. The waste in the landfill area has been contributing to the formation of contaminant plumes. Also, the discharge of sewage into the Água Quente stream has generated a deep plume of contaminants, capable of reaching the deep wells of groundwater captation. As the natural soils, and the materials of the landfill area have draining characteristics, it is concluded that the site is not ideal place to a construction waste landfill.
Modelos preditivos comportamentais para otimização de despacho de táxis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-12)
Otsuka, Breno José Bueno
;
Vivaldini, Kelen Cristiane Teixeira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5245409138233148
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8040361956015383
The popularization of smartphones has given rise to several online taxi-booking applications as a more efficient way to call for a taxi. These applications mediate communication between passengers and taxi drivers, reducing the waiting time of passengers and increasing the reliability of the service. This intermediation consists of the Taxi-Passenger Matching Problem, whose goal is to select the best taxi driver for each passenger, and to solve this problem a taxi dispatch method is used. In this context, the challenge arises to adapt this method to the interests and needs of users. Thus, in this work, a multi-passenger approach was proposed that used users' prediction of behavior with the goal of maximizing the rate of successful assignments. For this, two predictive models were trained using Supervised Machine Learning methods (Logistic Regression and Gradient Boosted Decision Trees), one to estimate the probability of a taxi driver accepting the offer of a request and another to estimate the probability of a request being answered by a taxi driver. In addition, two objective functions, one linear and one non-linear, were implemented to evaluate offer distributions. A heuristic was used for each of the functions, and for the linear it was guaranteed the optimal solution and for the non-linear one not. We also implemented two selection criteria, one based on cancellation of requests by passengers and another by waiting time of users. In numerical simulations with data from the capital of São Paulo made available by Easy Taxi, the proposed taxi dispatching method was tested. The results indicated that the predictive model of acceptance was superior to that of attendance with the objective function non-linear and inferior to linear, in addition it was verified that the selection criterion based on cancellation was slightly superior to the one based on waiting time. The best attendance rate was 74.76% with the predictive model of acceptance with the nonlinear function and the criterion of selection by cancellation. Finally, it was tested the repetition of requests not offered or not accepted, obtaining 76.59% of attendance.
Gestão dos riscos ocupacionais no manejo do lodo de estações de tratamento de esgotos e a NBR ISO 31000
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-12)
Silva, Alysson Rogerio da
;
Achon, Cali Laguna
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0307406069325793
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1016482037380023
The wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) performance a crucial role in maintaining the health of the population by treating domestic sewage and returning treated effluent to the water sources. However, generate a considerable amount of sewage sludge and this solid waste must be destined, through recovery, reuse or recycling, or disposed as waste in landfill, when all destination possibilities are exhausted, as provided by National Policy on Solid Waste. The costs related to the management of sewage sludge can represent 60% of the operational costs of the WWTP. In addition, sewage sludge can be dangerous to human health and workers who act directly or indirectly in their management are exposed to various occupational risks. This research objects to analyses the relationship between the sewage sludge management and their occupational risks, through a risk management proposal, based on ISO 31000, which apply methods of identification, analysis, assessment and control of occupational risks in two medium-sized WWTP in the interior of São Paulo state, using different technologies, conventional activated sludge and UASB anaerobic reactors. Among the main occupational risks assessed, were considered critical the exposure to pathogenic microorganisms dispersed in the air and in direct accidental contact, and the risk of accidental drives of equipment during maintenance. It can be seen that there is still a lot of resistance both from employees and from employers about health and safety at work. Much is due to cultural and social factors, and therefore, there will always be a need to update legal instruments and intensify surveillance. In addition, it is necessary to promote, on a frequent basis, the awareness of employees and, especially, of employers, discussing the role of managers of basic sanitation services, especially in the treatment of sewage, in the process of development of work safety culture in the companies.
Comportamento de preços na revenda do etanol e da gasolina na cidade de Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-12)
Pistelli, Ana Carolina Martins Alves
;
Figueiredo, Adelson Martins
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2582161065438214
;
Pitelli, Mariusa Momenti
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2810339285129049
The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics and regulation of the fuel retail market in order to analyze the behavior of the prices practiced by retailers of liquid fuel (Hydrous Ethanol and Gasoline C) and, thus, understand the strategic behavior of these agents in order to identify signs of spatial dependence and of rivalry and/or cooperation. On the competitive aspect, it is possible to conclude that the market of liquid fuel is composed of many fuel retailers, although the competitive strategy lies with few agents, in other words, the major distributors define the main strategies related to brand recognition, additional services and pricing. Jointly with the significant barriers to institutional entry, the sprayed demand and the active presence of the unions and associations, such aspects could facilitate the exercise of market power, thereby reducing social/economic welfare. The empirical analysis uses data of hydrous ethanol and gasoline C in the city of Sorocaba, between January 2014 and June 2017. The analysis of the behavioral pattern of fuel retail in a spatial context, that is, the interaction between the change in fuel prices at a given gas station and its influence on and/by the events at neighboring gas stations and the findings for both fuels, hydrous ethanol and gasoline C, shows the existence of a spatial relationship among prices practiced by retail establishment in the city. In other words, a change in the price of ethanol or gasoline by a gas station dealer influences the prices of those fuel at neighboring stations, and the results also indicate that the closer the gas stations are located, the greater the impact on price changing by a neighboring gas station. In sequence, the temporal analysis of prices allowed to verify the existence of long-term relation between resale prices and to identify the direction and value of those reactions. Although it is not possible to establish a behavioral pattern for all the gas stations, in general, regarding the bilateral price reaction by ethanol and gasoline retail sales, the end result of this study indicates greater signs of cooperation rather than of competition among resellers on their price setting. It is worth mentioning, however, that in this study, the signs of cooperation verified through the analysis of the elasticity of the response from neighboring resellers on the price settings do not mean cartelized behavior among the resellers that were analyzed.
Modelos de difusão de inovação em grafos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-12)
Oliveira, Karina Bindandi Emboaba de
;
Rodriguez, Pablo Martin
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6412853511887386
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7198883875528090
Areas such as politics, economics and marketing are heavily influential in terms of information diffusion. For this reason, several branches of science have studied such phenomena in order to simulate and understand them by mathematical and/or stochastic models. In this context, this phd project aims to generalize innovation diffusion models that there is in the literature. The first model uses the social reinforcement mechanism for diffusion of innovation and which was built for the complete graph. In this case, we consider a finite population, closed, totally mixed and subdivided into four classes of individuals called ignorants, aware, adopters and abandoner of innovation. We prove a Law of Large Numbers and a Central Limit Theorem for the proportion of the population who have never heard about the innovation and those who know about ir but they have not adopted it yet. In addition, we also obtain result for the convergence of the maximum of adopter in a stochastic interval, as well as the instant of time that the process reaches that state. For this study, we used results of the theory of density dependent Markov chains. Furthermore, we formulated a stochastic model with structure stages to describe the phenomenon of innovation diffusion in a structured population. More precisely, we proposed a continuous time Markov chain defined in a population represented by the d-dimensional integer lattice. Each individual of the population must be in some of the M + 1 states belonging to the set {0,1,2,...,M}. In this sense, 0 stands for ignorant, i for i in {1,...,M-1} for aware in stage i and M for adopter. The arguments, that allow to obtain sufficient conditions under which the innovation either becomes extinct or survives with positive probability, are studied.
Casa de mulher: os circuitos cotidianos de cuidado, dinheiro e violência em São Carlos/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-12)
Pinho, Isabela Vianna
;
Feltran, Gabriel de Santis
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6789864439048444
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8456385586564537
This dissertation shows us how state, gender, economy, kinship and family are produced and connected in everyday life. Here, I analyze the forms that Maria, Bela, Ana and Rosa dwell to ordinary life. Residents of a neighborhood promoted by the federal program Minha Casa, Minha Vida in São Carlos/SP, the four women are also (or were) holders of the Bolsa Família program. Research shows that the two politics are one among other possible universes of meaning by which they move. The text is divided into two parts. In the first, I argue that the processes of life and of houses, as well as the ways of living and houses, are entangled in everyday life; also show how the past are embedded in the present and extraordinary events are embedded in the ordinary. In a second moment, I argue that the house can only be thought of in configuration, that is, it only exists in relation. Thus, in the last chapters I describe three everyday circuits - of care, money and violence - that mutually shape the configuration of houses. By looking at such circuits, it is possible to analyze the flows of objects and people as well as the relationships of violence and conflict within and between houses. In addition, the circuits demonstrate that there is an intersection between supposed antinomies such as money and intimacy; economic domain and affection; life and economy; home and work; reproduction and production. As a methodological and analytical strategy, I argue that an ethnography of 'woman's house' in configuration allows one to see the 'between'; that is, it makes it possible to capture sociological phenomenon relationally. What will be seen here will be lines that expose the offal put into practice by Maria, Bela, Ana and Rosa to make the world habitable again with each new event.
Elaboração de uma história em quadrinhos utilizando tópicos de Física para o ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-12)
Lorençon, Bruno Darros
;
Souza, James Alves de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2212240621620011
;
Benedetti Filho, Edemar
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5963704923612696
In this work we present the elaboration of a comic book as a complementary material for the Physics teacher, whose plot takes place in an amusement park, where the characters experience situations in which some specific physical concepts are worked through the story. Subjects were chosen on Newtonian mechanics, thermodynamics, optics in mirrors and the double-slit experiment. The educational product resulting from this master's degree was applied to students of the three high school series of a State School, located in the state of São Paulo. The application of the developed material was performed after the theoretical presentation of the physical contents involved in the respective classroom of the High School serving as an introduction to the Comics. One of the main objectives of this work is, through play, to encourage students to read in order to improve motivation and the study of science in Basic Education, such as Physics. The purpose is to increase students' interest for more elaborate readings of the concepts worked. To collect a feedback from learners about their overall satisfaction with our approach we performed the verification of the frequency with which the students read didactic books or other literary genres and also if the genre worked, approaching concepts of Physics, was to the liking of the same ones. Those were done through a questionnaire and discussions during the application of the material. The discussions were recorded in audio. The material analyzed suggests that there was a greater understanding of the concepts of Physics using the Comics, which also contributed to improve the interaction among students in the classroom making the environment more pleasant and motivating for the treatment of Physics classes. The educational product developed has the format of a comic book containing the explanation of all the respective concepts of Physics addressed in the situations experienced by the characters of the story, being written in a language accessible to all Physics teachers of High School.
Georges Canguilhem: o devir de um pensamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-15)
Souto, Caio Augusto Teixeira
;
Fonseca, Thelma Silveira da Mota Lessa da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2955946094601264
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3331693841423923
This thesis recomposes the whole trajectory of Georges Canguilhem's thought, seeking to demonstrate the unpredictability of the mutations occurred in his work, as well as the originality of each reformulation with which he solved the problems posed, without ever erasing the conservation of an inheritance from previous periods. It is divided into four chapters, each of which has prioritized an external event as the index of modification of his philosophy. The first chapter (1926-1939) begins by reconstituting the influence of Alain and the Wertphilosophie on him, having as a mark of change the political events that led to the World War II, which will lead Canguilhem to break with the pacifism of his first master and to constitute an axiological pluralism that goes beyond the neo-kantism. The second chapter (1940-1956) chooses as an event his incursion in the medical field, which had been initiated a few years before, but that will have its consequences with the publication of his three theses (1943, 1952, 1955), in which he reelaborates his philosophy of values inserting now the life as value coordinating other values. Between the second and the third analyzed periods, Canguilhem begins to use concepts of the bachelardian epistemology in the practice of the history of sciences, which will allow him to approach the event that we will analyze in the third chapter in a new way. Thus, the third chapter (1957-1966) prioritizes the rupture resulted from the advent of genetics in the field of life sciences, which will require a rectification of the concept of life by Canguilhem and that he will do by conceiving this novelty in biology as an “epistemological rupture”. The fourth and last chapter (1966-1995) analyzes an event in the sphere of social and human sciences in France, especially with the works of Althusser and Foucault. Canguilhem formulates a last concept of “scientific ideology”, which will allow him to respond to his young colleagues and reinvigorate the loan he had already made to Bachelard's historical epistemology, and also to reexamine his entire past work. In this way, the philosophy in which Canguilhem's work culminates can be defined as: a pluralism of values (Chapter 1), coordinated in terms of a rationalist vitalism (Chapter 2), which draws on the results gathered from a historical epistemology of the life sciences (Chapter 3), with the purpose of reformulating the philosophical status of man as a living being, investigating the practical conditions of possibility for a pedagogy of healing (Chapter 4).
O Grau de Coincidência e aplicação às equações diferenciais ordinárias periódicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-15)
Amorim, Rafael Toledo
;
Presoto, Adilson Eduardo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6788916708841254
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5939564799919304
In this work, we will present the coincident degree theory for Fredholm operators of index zero - denoted by L and defined on Banach spaces -, which is an important tool to obtain the existence of solutions for equations of the type Lx=Nx in an open bounded set Omega, N being a L-compact operator. Throughout this theory, we will investigate the existence of solutions of an Ambrosetti-Prodi periodic problem for non-linear ordinary differential equations. In order to apply the topological degree in such problem, obtaining a priori estimates for possible solutions will be of great importance.
Dançar fechando: etnografia da Escola de Dança FUNCEB de Salvador
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-16)
Ramos, Yasmine Ávila
;
Wierre-Gore, Georgiana
;
Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5366260223109463
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6524550403248341
Bodies and dances are the key elements to understand this work: together, they create mouvements. These bodies move, learn, are modified, create; dances inform, expose, are updated. These two elements are together in a social space that disposes of particular dynamics that pass through it. But the bodies and the danses also create tonalities inside this space of learnership, FUNCEB’s dance school located in Pelourinho’s historical center. The movement in then to inform and be informed, to reproduce and to create, while also experimenting dance’s aspects that go beyond learning on class ou becoming a dancer professional. Dancers are continually being created, and they concatenate in theirs selves all these influences.
Respostas metabólicas e inflamatórias em sessão do método Treinamento Corretivo Postural (TCP)®
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-17)
Rodrigues, Carla Nascimento dos Santos
;
Duarte, Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1996950253264696
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2747289455460487
Corrective Postural Training (TCP) ® is a gymnastic method with variability of movements that aims at postural control, metabolic changes and improvement in the quality of life of its participants. However, few studies have analyzed the behavior of physiological and metabolic variables in relation to the acute session of the modality. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the effects of a session of the method (TCP)® on the concentration of lactate, glycemia, lipid profile (Triglycerides (TG), Total Cholesterol (CT), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)) and Creatin Kinase (CK) in human serum. active and healthy men without prior method experience. Sixteen adult and active men underwent for 40 minutes procedure (TCP) ® session. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-intervention to perform the dosages of: CK, lipid profile and IL-6 and TNF-α. For glycemia and lactacidemia analysis, samples were collected before, during and immediately after the session. The data were analyzed using the statistical software IBM® SPSS®. Results are expressed as mean and standard deviation. Statistical comparisons were performed using a one-way ANOVA and Paired Test-t for parametric data, and Wilcoxon's test for non-parametric data, being considered significant p <0.05. The main results showed that the (TCP) ® evaluated session promotes maintenance in the glycemic levels and significant increases in blood lactate at times 20 and 30 'compared to time 40'. The variables CT and LDL increased immediately after the session. However, the changes were insignificant for fractions of HDL, TG and VLDL. In addition, changes were found for neutrophil and eosinophil concentrations immediately after the session. Finally, cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 were not altered immediately after the session; as well as levels of CK 24hs after the protocol was performed. Thus, it was concluded that the (TCP)® session evaluated presented moderate intensity with predominance of the oxidative system and non-strenuous metabolic stimulus. The session presented maintenance of glycemic levels and alterations in mean lactate levels in relation to the involved musculature. As for the inflammatory profile, the session presented low inflammatory grade and low muscle damage, which makes it a session option for the beginning of a training protocol or as a regenerative approach after strenuous efforts.
Aplicação de métodos para avaliação de Planos de Saneamento: estudo de caso em cinco municípios de pequeno porte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-17)
Albuquerque, Leilane Renovato
;
Ventura, Katia Sakihama
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0765182109837821
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1517065557032661
Brazil faced accelerated urbanization without sanitation planning. This process evidenced deficiencies in the sanitation sector, directly affecting the quality of life and health of the population and generating impacts to the environment. Given this scenario, the planning of service delivery and the achievement of efficiency and effectiveness in their management become the premises for the search for universal access. Federal Law 11445/2007 defines the Municipal Basic Sanitation Plan (PMSB) as the main planning and management tool for the sector. The objective of the present study was to evaluate five PMSBs based on indicators and indices. The research included a review of the literature on sanitation plans (stage 1), reading and interpretation of five selected plans (step 2), application of a method to evaluate the content of the plans (Quality Index - IQ) and their performance (Audit Index - IA) in relation to the defined goals and objectives. The method proposed by the Ministry of Cities was applied in a comparative way to the selected one, in order to observe the potentialities and limitations of each instrument (step 3). The intention of the study was to observe deficient information that deserves to be detailed in the plans. The main results indicated that the documents analyzed partially meet the requirements of the Sanitation Law. The IQ has identified that some issues (social participation, service diagnosis, goals, actions and environmental education) are adequately addressed in the content of the plans. Institutional development presented itself as a weak point in all evaluated plans. The Ministry of Cities method has identified that all the documents analyzed need improvement (compatibility with other plans, absence of schematic drawings or sketches for technical engineering solutions for sanitation service systems and identification of the low-income population).
Procedimentos e projeto de demolições para edificações em concreto armado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-17)
Martins, Pedro Henrique Santos
;
Almeida Filho, Fernando Menezes de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0447825383222965
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3353773946285977
Demolition is the process of planned fragmentation of elements of construction that can be total, representing the ruin of the building, or partial, occurred in reforms and structural changes. However, it is considered as a risk activity, as it is often affected structural elements, and consequently, the static behavior of the building, and the study of the demolition project and controlled collapse is left without specific criteria. This research features a study of national and international standards, guidelines and code of practices that discuss the project and the useful techniques for demolition of reinforced concrete structures. In Brazil, the demolition is executed through empirical methods and often without technical safeguard, since the Brazilian norm that regulated the contracting and offered guidelines for the execution of demolition services was canceled. Therefore, were presented a study of the Brazilian norm canceled and standards of other countries, showing their differences and procedures, as well as the main current techniques, such as: manual, mechanical, wire rope pulling demolition, by explosives, wrecking ball, chemical demolition, thermal procedures and by hydrodemolition with pressure jet. Therefore, the different techniques are presented, the considerations for project and execution of demolitions and examples of projects applications, which is presented and discussed the planning criteria. The decision of the most appropriate method should be made by evaluating the factors of restriction, cost, availability of equipment and access, distance of neighboring buildings, the state of the structure and meteorological conditions. Thus, according to what was observed, it was concluded that a preliminary adequacy of the building to be demolished is important, to consider the most efficient and effective method in its correct dismantling and disposal of the waste generated.
Qualidade de vida de famílias que têm filhos com deficiência intelectual moderada em São Carlos, SP, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-18)
Oliveira, Érica Bueno Camargo de
;
Melo, Débora Gusmão
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2587800992546559
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1046179844722399
Aims: This study investigated the impact of moderate ID on family quality of life (FQoL) on a sample of families from the city of São Carlos, SP, Brazil. Methodology: It’s a descriptive and cross-sectional research, in which 50 families with children with moderate ID and linked to the Association of Parents and Friends of Exceptional (APAE) of São Carlos participated. The data was collected using forms applied face-to-face, with families’ sociodemographic information, personal information from the individuals with ID, the Barthel and the Lawton & Brody functionality indexes of individuals with ID, and the Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale (BCFQoLS). For statistical analysis, parametric tests were used. The statistical significance of the differences was determined by t-test or ANOVA, depending on the numbers of variables analyzed. The Pearson correlation test was used to evaluate the degree of binary correlation between the FQoL and the other variables, and the linear regression method was used for multiple correlation analysis. The level of significance adopted was 5%. Results: The individuals with ID reached an average of 90 points (SD±13.36) in the Barthel index, indicating moderate dependence for activities of daily living; and 3.12 points (SD±1.66) in the Lawton & Brody index, indicating a severe dependency for instrumental activities of daily living. The mean score reached in BCFQoLS was 3,587 (SD±0.470); this value of total QVF was significantly higher than the scores obtained in the domains "emotional well-being" and "physical/material well-being", and significantly lower than the scores obtained in the "family interaction" domains, "parenting" and "disability-related support". Emotional well-being was the domain with the lowest score in relation to the other domains. The domains most strongly correlated with total FQoL were "family interaction", "parenting” and "emotional well-being", aspects intrinsically modulated by family dynamics and cohesion. The only variable that showed a significant binary correlation with the total FQoL was the Lawton & Brody index (r=0.326; p=0.021). The adjusted linear regression model, considering this index, explained 10.6% of the variability found in the total FQoL results (p=0.021) and showed that the increase of one unit in the value of the Lawton and Brody index represented an increase of 0.092 points in the total FQoL value. Final considerations: It was observed that the FQoL of families with children with ID in the city of São Carlos, SP, is below the results of most international studies. The domain with the lowest scores was "emotional well-being". It is recommended that actions be taken to strengthen the dialogue and family cohesion in order to strengthen relationships and care among members. It is also important to offer activities that stimulate tasks of basic and instrumental activities of daily living early on, in order to promote greater autonomy of the disabled individual. Finally, it will be important to develop actions to raise awareness and training of public opinion, in order to facilitate a change of attitude that allows improvement in the integration of people with ID in society, promoting the exercise of citizenship.
Um estudo cenográfico da “ciência” divulgada na revista Pesquisa FAPESP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-18)
Delege, Marina
;
Salgado, Luciana Salazar
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5206927424265495
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7824381601792176
This research investigates the meanings attributed to the word “science” in discourses of scientific divulgation the way it is built on an important communication device: Pesquisa FAPESP magazine. It is seen, here, as a mídium (DEBRAY, 2000): a vector and value that allows to identify one formative matrix, the FAPESP – Foundation of support to research of São Paulo state, because it is an editorial object tailored for results communication obtained by one of the largest research sponsoring agencies of Brazil, as it mobilizes 1% of the state of São Paulo’s tax revenue per year and e.g. disbursed R$1,058 billion for supporting 24.026 research projects in 2017, according to the activities report published by FAPESP in edition n. 270 on August 2018. Our corpus is constituted by the first 270 editions published, which includes all editions published between August 1995 and August 2018. To employ a descriptive listing of all editions aiming to map the genesis of such discourse, looking after meanings attributed to the word “science” present in scientific divulgation done by Pesquisa FAPESP magazine, we used the theoretical precepts of French Discourse Analysis as foundations, specifically the theory of enunciation scenes proposed by Maingueneau (2008a), which contributes towards comprehending of textualized discoursivization on Pesquisa FAPESP magazine, since it approaches the textual surface in which the discursive regime employ its values and powers.
Alienação parental: revisão conceitual e comparação do conhecimento de profissionais e estudantes de psicologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-18)
Gama, Viviane Dutra
;
Williams, Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962646759651464
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9417498325075251
There is no consensus on the literature regarding the definition of Parental Alienation (PA), fact that hinders the measurement, assessment and research of the phenomenon. Despite that, Brazil has a law that punishes the practice of alienation although this phenomenon is not well documented on academic circles yet. Considering the conceptual frame on PA and its specificity in the Brazilian context, the present study had two main goals, presented in two articles: 1) to propose an operational definition of the PA concept based an a ten-year systematic literature review, and 2) to investigate the knowledge of Psychology students on PA and to compare their answers in simulated alleged PA cases with the answers from psychologists. The search was conducted on 5 databases and 339 articles were found. Sixty-three papers were analyzed considering the definitions and use of PA and Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS), authors’ attitudes towards PAS and recognition of PA as a modality of psychological abuse. Additionally, analysis and functional classification of parental alienation strategies mentioned on the articles was conducted. From the literature reviewed, Parental Alienation can be defined as a modality of psychological violence or abuse perpetrated against the child by a parent, caretaker, or family member, in which the behaviors emitted by the alienating member have the function of showing hostility and/or estranging the child from the alienated part. Ninety-one Psychology students participated on the research that involved collecting empirical data. Participants answered an online survey that assessed their familiarity with the PA concept, factors considered important and procedures they would use when conducting PA assessment. In addition, vignettes containing PA simulated cases were presented. The number of professionals who answered the vignettes varied between 42 to 58 and their answers were previously collected and registered on a database. In terms of students` knowledge, the results indicated that 72.5% of them reported to be familiar with the PA concept. Students were more accurate in evaluating the vignette involving a possible PA case, while professionals evaluated the case where PA allegations occurred simultaneously to sexual abuse allegations in a more accurate way. Given the reported results, one may conclude that the field of PA is characterized by strong conceptual divergences. As a consequence, the assessment of this phenomenon is a challenge both for forensic professionals and students.
Entre macacos velhos e queerpiras: uma etnografia por entre as interfaces dos serviços comerciais de busca por parceiros online no interior paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-22)
Padilha, Felipe André
;
Escudeiro, Richard Miskolci
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1623888309974862
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5608497895561456
This thesis is an ethnography of the social uses of applications for partner’s search in the countryside of Sao Paulo state, and argues that the social uses of digital media constitute themselves as mediatization devices of subjects. The research field is built from the network of connections that I establish with my interlocutors: men born between the decades of 1975 and 2000, of the popular classes, who live in the countryside of Sao Paulo and who use commercial services for partner’s search for gay men. From the connections between my interlocutors and the interfaces, I propose an ethnographic approach to the social uses of apps. The ethnography presents and analyzes the ways in which these technologies are shaped by the contexts in which they are used. Technology generates opportunities, but also consequences that the subjects are forced to deal with. The “digital” generates new questions, approaches, conditions and also contingencies for the field research. The thesis mobilizes a diverse set of perspectives on ethnography alongside and inside digital media and proposes an understanding of the field as a network and, far from seeking a complete answer, intends to break apart an emerging theoretical-methodological framework to deal with fields wholly or partially constructed by technology. The work seeks to investigate the underlying rationale behind the platforms. Drawing on cultural, historical and sociological sources, I present a history of commercial services for partner search that connects preexisting forms with those in digital media. The uses placed in empirical contexts show how the subjects mobilize the technology also to respond to the contingencies that surround them. The ethnography shows how for men, especially those who live their sexual experiences with other men in secret, the digital interfaces can be read as a private and safe environment, but which requires the subject to take an active control position on the social situation. The explored hypothesis is that the applications generate a procedure for social interactions and, in doing so, legitimize the practices that engender. Furthermore, as occurs with the interfaces, the subjectivities and procedures adopted for intersubjective interactions are also socially modeled and displaced by its uses, as far as the forms of interaction undertaken here are instrumentalized for partner’s search within a set of previously established and enforced standards. Since it is from the materiality of the interfaces that subjects recognize themselves, by generating a procedure for intersubjective relations, applications are also constituted as materialized fragments of subjectivity.
Método para gestão da ocorrência de manifestações patológicas em edificações habitacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-04-22)
Milion, Raphael Negri
;
Alves, Thaís da Costa Lago
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2427956497423310
;
Paliari, José Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9387796929252598
Defects are a problem in buildings all over the world. However, there is a shortage of publications that focus on managing this problem. Given that construction companies have limited resources for improvement activities, a method to manage the occurrence of defects is needed. Such a method should be capable of identifying defects that cause the greatest impact on customer satisfaction and finances, in order to focus continuous improvement activities. A method is proposed to manage the occurrence of defects in residential buildings, which is capable of determining the impact of defects on customer satisfaction, as well as their financial impact. The method uses such estimated impacts as inputs to a support decision making tool. Through interviews with companies, the literature review and the investigation of data not previously investigated in the literature, the method determines the impact on customer satisfaction by crossing data from technical assistance departments with data from customer satisfaction surveys, which includes objective questions about the impact of defects on the customer satisfaction. Data on the impact on customer satisfaction, financial impact and the number of occurrences is used as factors in the Choosing by Advantages (CBA) tool, whose output is the choice of the most important defect. Three hypotheses were also tested: H1 - The occurrence of defects in residential buildings negatively impacts customer satisfaction; H2 - Different defects result in different impacts on customer satisfaction and; H3 - The occurrence of defects obtained through interviews with owners or users of residential units is not reliable. The analyzes performed did not confirm H1, whereas H2 and H3 were confirmed. The proposed method was successfully applied to data of a construction company and validated by the company itself. The CBA tool was considered an adequate tool for choosing the most important defect.