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Sobre o socius e as séries mecânicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-03) Brito, Rainer Miranda; Vianna, Anna Catarina Morawska; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2245801371286766; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8325254077333987
Machines, as a landmark or condition of the era of industries, summed up a myriad of utopias and dystopias: between production, efficiency and freedom, between scarcity, control and servitude. Delegated to the substrates of central themes of the Social Sciences of the 19th and 20th centuries, machines could disturb them sometimes as potentially warlike and ungrateful beings, sometimes as vigorous and submissive proles. This thesis forges a historical bibliographic program in the Social Sciences of the 19th and 20th centuries where mechanical beings and organic beings strain their material protagonisms. What are the limits of the socius when the protagonism of the mechanical beings becomes capital in the course of organic beings? The historical bibliographic program of this thesis consists of four distinct explorations of this circumstance: (1) on the machines as object of a Social Science; (2) on the authority of the technical apparatus at labour; (3) on the industrial coincidence between mechanical and organic collective morphologies; (4) on the production and reproduction between organic and mechanical beings. Carrying out such a historical bibliographic program renders this thesis obsolete. But it does so as a strategy: it is necessary to take an obsolete perspective to exploit the subtle positions of the mechanical series in these peculiar variations of the Social Sciences of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. By avoiding the shortcuts of symbol, of meaning (and of mediation) this thesis offers an extraofficial point of view on the socius and the mechanical series in so-called social sciences.
Experimento para a estimativa da irradiância solar total: uma abordagem para o ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-03) Gomes, Thiago do Nascimento Pereira; Souza, James Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2212240621620011; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9383838833155559
Energy is the most fundamental physical property in the study of science and in the understanding of the world around us. This physical quantity is often approached during the teaching of physics in areas like Thermodynamics, which concerns with the transference of energy through heat and work and its applications. In order to contextualize these concepts in classroom, we chose to discuss solar energy issues. The Sun is our main source of energy. Every second, each square meter of the atmosphere of Earth receives around 1360 J of energy from the Sun. Such value is called the total solar irradiance, which can be calculated by Stefan-Boltzmann’s law. In this work we propose an experimental activity to estimate the total solar irradiance. The experiment is simple to reproduce and makes use of easily obtainable materials. With our purpose it is possible to discuss concepts such as energy, temperature, heat, blackbody radiation, error propagation and the causes for attenuating the value of solar energy that effectively reaches the Earth's surface. Our purpose was conducted in a public school of São Paulo (Brazil) for 55 high school students. With our experiment we show the feasibility of working the scientific method and how to perform the error propagation using the collected data, demonstrating the importance of mathematics in science. Based on the engagement and motivation of the students during the execution of the experiment and the results obtained, we consider that the application of our purpose was successful. From the results obtained by the students, we updated our initial proposal to a more elaborated educational product, both experimentally and theoretically, for the calculation of the total solar irradiance through Stefan-Boltzmann’s law.
Estudo químico dos fungos Stachybotrys levispora e Curvularia inaequalis: uso da rede molecular para a identificação de novos metabólitos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-03) Ribeiro, Alany Ingrid; Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9379209511630700
Saprobic fungus are being used as an alternative strategy to reduce the use of pesticides harmful to the environment. These microorganisms produce substances capable of inhibiting pathogens that affect agriculture. The structural and chemical diversity of metabolites from microorganism, are factors that call attention mainly to the activity, complexity and numerous stereogenic centers. Alterations in the culture medium, and / or the use of chemical and epigenetic modulators, can activated the silenced routes, giving rise to classes of different compounds from those produced by the main biosynthetic pathway. Analytical tools such as liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS-MS) associated with specific platform for Natural Products, GNPS (Global Natural Product Social Molecular Networking), to facilitate the tracking of analogs of structures with activity described in the literature. In this context, the Saprobic fungi Stachybotrys levisporous (STA) and Curvularia inaequalis (CUI) were selected in previous studies by the SISBIOTA- Bioprospection of saprobic fungi in the PPBIO to be studied from a metabolic point of view. The main objective of this work was to evaluate changes on the chemical profile of these fungus applying the strategy of modification of culture medium in order to identify and / or isolate metabolites produced by the modifications in the supplementation, using analytical tools of isolation and molecular identification networking. Metabolic dereplication studies in STA allowed the identification of of stachybotrylactamas, with stereochemistry different from those in the literature, and facilitating the bioguided isolation of novel substances pertaining to the class of 10-benzo--lactama-5,8,9,10-drimanes. The studies in CUI, was possible to develop a rapid method of isolating metabolites of the classes of chromenes (anofinic and 3,4-trans dihydroxyanofinic acids), amino acids (5-oxoproline) and phytohormone (abscisic acid), with potential antifungal activity described in literature