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Estudo químico dos fungos Stachybotrys levispora e Curvularia inaequalis: uso da rede molecular para a identificação de novos metabólitos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-03)
Ribeiro, Alany Ingrid
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Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9379209511630700
Saprobic fungus are being used as an alternative strategy to reduce the use of pesticides harmful to the environment. These microorganisms produce substances capable of inhibiting pathogens that affect agriculture. The structural and chemical diversity of metabolites from microorganism, are factors that call attention mainly to the activity, complexity and numerous stereogenic centers. Alterations in the culture medium, and / or the use of chemical and epigenetic modulators, can activated the silenced routes, giving rise to classes of different compounds from those produced by the main biosynthetic pathway. Analytical tools such as liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS-MS) associated with specific platform for Natural Products, GNPS (Global Natural Product Social Molecular Networking), to facilitate the tracking of analogs of structures with activity described in the literature. In this context, the Saprobic fungi Stachybotrys levisporous (STA) and Curvularia inaequalis (CUI) were selected in previous studies by the SISBIOTA- Bioprospection of saprobic fungi in the PPBIO to be studied from a metabolic point of view. The main objective of this work was to evaluate changes on the chemical profile of these fungus applying the strategy of modification of culture medium in order to identify and / or isolate metabolites produced by the modifications in the supplementation, using analytical tools of isolation and molecular identification networking. Metabolic dereplication studies in STA allowed the identification of of stachybotrylactamas, with stereochemistry different from those in the literature, and facilitating the bioguided isolation of novel substances pertaining to the class of 10-benzo--lactama-5,8,9,10-drimanes. The studies in CUI, was possible to develop a rapid method of isolating metabolites of the classes of chromenes (anofinic and 3,4-trans dihydroxyanofinic acids), amino acids (5-oxoproline) and phytohormone (abscisic acid), with potential antifungal activity described in literature
Sobre o socius e as séries mecânicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-03)
Brito, Rainer Miranda
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Vianna, Anna Catarina Morawska
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2245801371286766
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8325254077333987
Machines, as a landmark or condition of the era of industries, summed up a myriad of utopias and dystopias: between production, efficiency and freedom, between scarcity, control and servitude. Delegated to the substrates of central themes of the Social Sciences of the 19th and 20th centuries, machines could disturb them sometimes as potentially warlike and ungrateful beings, sometimes as vigorous and submissive proles. This thesis forges a historical bibliographic program in the Social Sciences of the 19th and 20th centuries where mechanical beings and organic beings strain their material protagonisms. What are the limits of the socius when the protagonism of the mechanical beings becomes capital in the course of organic beings? The historical bibliographic program of this thesis consists of four distinct explorations of this circumstance: (1) on the machines as object of a Social Science; (2) on the authority of the technical apparatus at labour; (3) on the industrial coincidence between mechanical and organic collective morphologies; (4) on the production and reproduction between organic and mechanical beings. Carrying out such a historical bibliographic program renders this thesis obsolete. But it does so as a strategy: it is necessary to take an obsolete perspective to exploit the subtle positions of the mechanical series in these peculiar variations of the Social Sciences of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. By avoiding the shortcuts of symbol, of meaning (and of mediation) this thesis offers an extraofficial point of view on the socius and the mechanical series in so-called social sciences.
Experimento para a estimativa da irradiância solar total: uma abordagem para o ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-03)
Gomes, Thiago do Nascimento Pereira
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Souza, James Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2212240621620011
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9383838833155559
Energy is the most fundamental physical property in the study of science and in the understanding of the world around us. This physical quantity is often approached during the teaching of physics in areas like Thermodynamics, which concerns with the transference of energy through heat and work and its applications. In order to contextualize these concepts in classroom, we chose to discuss solar energy issues. The Sun is our main source of energy. Every second, each square meter of the atmosphere of Earth receives around 1360 J of energy from the Sun. Such value is called the total solar irradiance, which can be calculated by Stefan-Boltzmann’s law. In this work we propose an experimental activity to estimate the total solar irradiance. The experiment is simple to reproduce and makes use of easily obtainable materials. With our purpose it is possible to discuss concepts such as energy, temperature, heat, blackbody radiation, error propagation and the causes for attenuating the value of solar energy that effectively reaches the Earth's surface. Our purpose was conducted in a public school of São Paulo (Brazil) for 55 high school students. With our experiment we show the feasibility of working the scientific method and how to perform the error propagation using the collected data, demonstrating the importance of mathematics in science. Based on the engagement and motivation of the students during the execution of the experiment and the results obtained, we consider that the application of our purpose was successful. From the results obtained by the students, we updated our initial proposal to a more elaborated educational product, both experimentally and theoretically, for the calculation of the total solar irradiance through Stefan-Boltzmann’s law.
Análise da pesquisa científica sobre o controle microbiano de insetos com fungos entomopatogênicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-05)
Guizzi, Andressa
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Fujihara, Ricardo Toshio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1863735094370774
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2776-5559
The continuous growth in agriculture over the years has led to the proliferation of pest insects in crops. Faced with this issue, various biological control programs have been implemented, including microbial control of insects, an alternative method that uses microorganisms such as entomopathogenic fungi to combat pest species. With the increasing number of research studies over the years, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to examine the rapid scientific development in the field of microbial control of insects with entomopathogenic fungi worldwide and Brazil, covering the period from 2000 to 2019. The databases Scopus®, Google Scholar®, and SciELO® were utilized, identifying 2,382 articles worldwide and 300 studies in Brazil, with a significant increase in publications from the early 21st century. The countries that stood out the most in terms of scientific publications were the USA, Brazil, and China, with the Southeast region being the most productive among the Brazilian regions. Prominent educational and research institutions in Brazil were USP and EMBRAPA, leading the rankings. A direct relationship was observed between the number of articles published in countries and Brazilian regions and the affiliated educational and research institutions of the authors.
Proposta de um conjunto de indicadores para medir o desempenho de um sistema de gestão da qualidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-06)
Collette, Paulo Heitor
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Martins, Roberto Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5162138182702024
The Quality Management System (QMS), when efficient, is an important mean for controlling and help to achieve the company goals. To make the QMS efficient, there must be a way to measure, correct and improve the QMS. That can be done by using a set of performance indicators. The use of these indicators can help the correct direction of managers in the decision-making process. There are several studies and discussions about performance indicators with the objective of measuring the quality of products and processes. However, the use of performance indicators to measure the performance of quality management systems is a subject with few literature researches. By using such indicators, QMS can provide the necessary support for the organization processes to achieve planned quality, as it would be identifying and correcting problems by monitoring and improving their own performance. Thus, the purpose of this dissertation is the proposition of a set of performance indicators to measure performance and give the necessary support to the management of the organization QMS. Thus, the input criteria used were the quality management constructs, considered as variables used to measure quality performance. For the development of this research, a unique case study, with exploratory nature due to lack of research about the subject, was conducted in a multinational organization of the chemical sector. Interviews were conducted based on a checklist of support for data collection. The result of this study was the identification of 45 performance indicators divided into 11 groups organized based on the constructs, with the objective of measuring the performance of the QMS related to factors such as rate of utilization and expenses with the team, capacity level, development and motivation team, effectiveness of implemented action plans, discipline and compliance with defined activity deadlines, projects and audits, achievement of the goals agreed with the organization senior management, as well as the commitment level of QMS senior management regarding the team's own issues.
Fotocatálise e suas aplicações em reações de ciclização oxidativa e terapia fotônicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-06)
Lopes, Thais de Assis
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Oliveira, Kleber Thiago de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3759761373942891
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9325216107449553
In the chapter 1, studies on photocatalysed reactions were carried out by porphyrins and other photocatalysts aiming at the formation of radicals in amino aromatic systems for subsequent addition reaction. More specifically, double functionalization C-H reaction were studied by oxidative cyclization of N,N-dimethylaniline (16) with N-phenylmaleimide (17) to obtain tetrahydroquinolines, both by SET (single electron transfer) using meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) and Electron Donor-Acceptor (EDA) complex. For the evaluated reaction, the use of the photocatalyst TPP presented no influence on the formation of the product. Thus, experiments were additionally performed using N, N-dimethylaniline (16) and varying different electrophiles, however, it was not possible to observe the formation of the expected tetrahydroquinolines. Using the substrate fumaronitrile (65) gave a product of interest (2-(methyl(phenyl)amino)acetonitrile) (72), from a radical reaction of N,N-dimethylaniline (16) with fumaronitrile (65). Further, exploratory optimization experiments were performed, but unsuccesfully. Due to the appearance of related publications in the literature, it was decided to no longer insist on these studies. In the chapter 2 the synthesis and photophysical studies of hybrid molecules between curcumin (6) and bixin (11) were carried out aiming at the production of some new photosensitizing molecules for PDT applications. Curcumin is a compound well known by our research group with a well-established synthesis. Bixin (11) was extracted from the seeds of annatto by a modified methodology established in the literature. After obtaining these starting materials, the syntheses of chimeric photosensitizing molecules, the dimer (25) and the trimer (26) were studied. After the syntheses and characterizations of these compounds, studies of their photophysical properties were carried out, namely, studies of molar absorptivity, singlet oxygen quantum yield, photodegradation study, fluorescence quantum yield and aggregation. From these studies it was possible do stablish the molar absorptivities of the products are greater than those of the starting materials. The singlet oxygen quantum yield and the photodegradation of the products showed properties that are similar to bixin (11). Both the dimer (25) and the trimer (26) showed low fluorescence. The trimer (26) exhibited a high Stokes shift. In DMSO the compounds did not present aggregation, but in water the compounds proved to be hydrophobic. Further PDT applications will be performed in order to evaluate the use of these compounds as photosensitizers in PDT ou photodiagnosis.
Sensibilização comportamental ao etanol em camundongos: avaliação da expressão da proteína (delta)FosB e possíveis efeitos da lateralização na via mesocorticolímbica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-06)
Laverde, Celina Ferrari
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Marin, Marcelo Tadeu
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7920438802539727
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7739080545644673
One of the main challenges of ethanol addiction research is to unveil the brain changes responsible for the transition from recreational drug use to addiction. In this context, behavioral sensitization has been used as a model of neuroplasticity induced by repeated administration of abuse drugs. ΔFosB is a transcription factor that accumulates in the brain after chronic drug exposure and constitutes one of the most important neuroplastic alteration induced by repeated drug use. Recent data have suggested a distinct role of brain hemispheres in modulation of emotions. However, there are no studies about brain lateralization and ethanol-induced behavioral alterations or neuroplasticity. Thus, we evaluated the expression of ΔFosB in brain areas related to alcohol effect comparing the right and left brain hemispheres. For this, Swiss mice were submitted to behavioral sensitization procedure with ethanol or vehicle repeated i.p. administrations. According to their increase on ethanol-induced locomotor activity they were separated in EtOH-Sensitized and EtOH-Not Sensitized or Vehicle treated. Later, mice had their brain processed for ΔFosB immunohistochemistry. We observed that EtOH-Sensitized group has increased ΔFosB expression in in both hemispheres of dorsal medial striatum and infralimbic cortex. In the orbitofrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens shell, the increase of ΔFosB occurred only in the left hemisphere. In contrast, EtOH-Not Sensitized group demonstrated an elevated ΔFosB expression in both hemispheres in granular/disgranular insular cortex but only in right hemisphere of orbitofrontal cortex, cingulate cortex and ventral tegmental area. In central amygdala all groups treated with ethanol had increased ΔFosB expression only in right hemisphere. Our results point predominance of neuroplasticity in the left hemisphere of ethanol behaviorally sensitized animals while neuroplasticity in the right hemisphere seems to protect from ethanol behavioral alterations.
É viável uma proposta de audiolivro para o autocuidado de idosos com pé diabético?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-07)
Pantoja, Maria do Socorro Souza
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Varoto, Vania Aparecida Gurian
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7449531039410521
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4420161407347292
Most people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are at increased risk for developing foot problems due to poor treatment adherence. Complications of both DM and person with diabetic feet impact the quality of life. The aged are prominent among with the greatest involvement of the disease and its complications. Care strategies in primary care are important for the prevention and promotion of care, and the use of technological resources associated with the sociocultural reality of the population can facilitate. Objective: To know the seniors with Diabetes type 2 and diabetic foot of a Basic Health Unit and to verify how they perform the self-care. Methodology: A study with a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory approach and with emphasis on the analysis of thematic content. All ethical principles have been applied. The study was carried out in a city in the state of São Paulo with seven seniors, between September 2017 and March 2018. A semi-structured questionnaire for data collection was developed and applied, characterizing the senior’s profile and the care process. The inclusion criteria were: to be a UBS user, to be elderly with DM2 and to have diabetic foot (the MMSE and the Whispering Test were applied). Results: The participants were 4 women and 3 men, median age 63 and 73 years respectively. Both with low schooling and mostly married. Participants indicate the bathroom and living room as the most commonly used sites for self-care. They use soap, brush and moisturizers as their primary materials, and have available home radio and television as technological support equipment they can use to listen and receive care guidelines. Everyone is unaware of what it is, and how to use an audiobook, and has little access to the acquisition, use and handling of more technological equipment. The initial proposition of constructing an audiobook as a tool to aid the participants' health education was not practicable. Conclusion: The impossibility of the initial proposal of the audiobook as a care aid tool for this group was verified and confirmed by professionals in the area of image and sound. It was decided as an alternative proposal for this study to use the available resources of the participants, radio and television, and a sequence of six programs of orientation on the subject of study was organized with local radio to cover the study population and others with similarities with DM type 2 and with diabetic foot complications.
O engajamento político entre o “renomear o vivido” e dispositivos de normatização social: experiências femininas pelos ativismos e militâncias populares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-07)
Formagio, Cessimar de Campos
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Rizek, Cibele Saliba
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0540870380815135
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1272668889524080
This text reflects about the relationship between popular activist involvement and the individual and collective process of naming strange sensations arising from social subordinations that build subalternities perceived in everyday life. In interviews with women, conducted from 2015 to 2017, who had experiences in popular activism in the cities of Campinas and São Paulo, it was perceived that popular activism involvement can be part of a social quest to name anxieties and dissatisfaction related to social norms that weave socializing in public places and in the family. Public dialogues about social issues, made possible by activist meetings, may be a possibility of naming previously sensations that were previously confusing sensations and to strengthen dis-identification in relation to two social regulators present in neoliberal rationality: the discourses/ practices of privatization of public spaces and the family dispositive that centralizes domestic and family care responsibilities for women
Genes e variantes genéticas na regulação da eficiência alimentar de gado Nelore
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-08)
Lima, Andressa Oliveira de
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Tizioto, Polyana Cristine
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4754030540306395
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Regitano, Luciana Correia de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9595338480545794
Feeding accounts for most of the costs in beef cattle production. To reduce it, as well as the environmental impact, greenhouse gas emission, and land occupation have been mandatory to improve the animal feed efficiency. Multifactorial, feed efficiency (FE) has been evaluated by different indexes and approaches. Among them, genomic studies from animals genetically divergent for FE pointed out candidate genes and pathways such as energy metabolism, inflammatory and oxidative stress. However, these studies did not take into account the continuous variation of the gene expression within the population. Thereby, from a previous differential approach carried out in divergent Nelore steers for FE, we selected six hepatic candidate genes (COL1A1, CTGF, CYP2B6, EGR1, PRUNE2, and the PRUNE2_isoform) based on their biological role on pathways related to feed efficiency. We carried out a realtime quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay in 52 Nelore steers to evaluate the hepatic expression profile of the overmentioned genes and their association with FE related-traits such as average daily gain (ADG), body weight (BW), dry matter intake (DMI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed efficiency ratio (FE), Kleiber index (KI), metabolic body weight (MBW), residual feed intake (RFI), and relative growth rate (RGR). Based on a linear mixed model, we identified that the total expression of PRUNE2 has an unfavorable effect on feed efficiency related-traits, likely related to mitochondrial dysfunction. However, when taking only the PRUNE2_isoform, we observed a favorable effect on the evaluated trait. Still, to shed light on the genetic mechanisms affecting feed efficiency in Nelore, we applied a coexpression approach using muscle RNAseq data from 180 animals. Based on the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) software, we identified 391 potential biomarkers (hub genes) related to feed efficiency variation. These hub genes partook in protein synthesis, muscle growth, and immune response pathways. Among the hub genes, we highlighted CCDC80, FBLN5, SERPINF1, and OGN genes, which were associated to ADG, FCR, FE, KI, and RGR traits, and were related to glucose homeostasis, oxidative stress, and osteogenesis. Furthermore, we found 13 transcription factors among the hub genes described for bovine and six of them are putative regulators for the others hub genes identified in this study. Among them, the TCF4 may have a role in muscle growth metabolism and regulator of DE genes for divergent RFI in muscle previously identified by our research group. Finally, we identified potential regulatory regions and functional variants related to the potential biomarkers identified in this study.
A emergência da criminalidade urbana violenta na sociedade moçambicana pós-colonial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-08)
Maloa, Joaquim Miranda
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Sinhoretto, Jacqueline
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3526963701681982
This doctoral thesis studies the relationship between crime, violence and conflict in the Modern Mozambican Society. This thesis aims to analyze the emergence of violent urban crime in the post-colonial Mozambican society. It was investigated through Historic sociology that way the practs of institutional violence and civil war of the years 1975-1990, Currently joins violent urban crime, about everything, to homicides, armed robberies and kidnappings that proved crucial to understanding the passage “of tingling crime or chicken pile”, for violent urban crime. By Between interviews, direct observation and journalistic reporting, it has been found that current forms of urban crime retain some traces of violence inherited from the period prior the 1990s. Finally, in order to portray the impact f violent urban crime, this research analyzed the social representations of police officers who have the powers to protect people, property, ensure respect for legality, guarantee order, security, tranquility and repress crime, are being hit by violent crimes. Asked what is the impact of it on this work and in mozambican society life.
Hipóxia intermitente durante o período pós-natal e mecanismos epigenéticos: implicações a longo prazo na ventilação pulmonar e no padrão motor respiratório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-09)
Bittencourt-Silva, Paloma Graziele
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Zoccal, Daniel Breseghello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1958567557189244
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5004431512937897
During the postnatal period, the respiratory network undergoes through developmental and maturational processes that are critical for the proper functioning of central mechanisms that controls breathing. Periods of apnea are commonly observed in preterm infants and it is suggested to be an important risk factor for the development of cardiorespiratory diseases in adults. In this study, we investigated the changes in pulmonary ventilation and respiratory motor outputs of juvenile and adult rats exposed to post-natal intermittent chronic hypoxia (pCIH), as well as the participation of DNA methylation processes in the induction of these alterations. To reach these goals, newborn rats (P1) were exposed to pCIH [6% O2 for 30 s every 10 min, 8 hours per day (9:30 - 5:30)] during the first 10 days of life, whereas control animals were maintained in normoxia. Injections of decitabine (DNA methylation inhibitor, 1 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle were performed on days P1, P4, P7 and P10. After this period, the animals were kept in normoxia until the day of the experiments. When young, pCIH animals presented, under basal conditions, increased tidal volume and minute ventilation, associated with irregularities in the respiratory frequency. Decerebrated, artificially perfused in situ preparations of pCIH rats exhibited, at resting conditions, an increase in phrenic burst amplitude associated with reduced vagal efferent activity. No significant differences were observed in HN activity. The in situ preparations of pCIH animals also presented higher apneic threshold and lower sensitivity to hypercapnia at 7% CO2, but not at 10% CO2. The respiratory responses to stimulation of carotid body chemoreceptors with KCN in the pCIH in situ preparations were similar to controls. In adulthood, pCIH rats also exhibited increased tidal volume and irregularities in the respiratory frequency. Inhibition of DNA methylation during pCIH prevented the changes in pulmonary ventilation and respiratory motor activity of juvenile rats, as well as the modifications in pulmonary ventilation of adult rats. We therefore conclude that the exposure to intermittent hypoxia during the postnatal period modifies the functioning of the respiratory network and promotes persistent changes in respiratory pattern and pulmonary ventilation. Intermittent hypoxia, observed in the apnea of prematurity, may be a relevant factor predisposing to respiratory pathologies in adults, such as obstructive sleep apnea. We conclude that epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, actively promote and sustain the changes induced by pCIH.
Comitês de Bacias Hidrográficas, representação e participação: desafios e possibilidades à gestão da água e dos recursos hídricos no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-09)
Barbosa, Flávia Darre
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Romera e Silva, Paulo Augusto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5149754112323658
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Hanai, Frederico Yuri
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7651828454575175
This research discusses about the representation and participation in Management and Planning of Water Resources process in Brazil which is carried out by Hydrographic Basin Committees (CBH’s). The hypothesis of this research was based on the principle: “The Hydrographic Basin Committee, considered in the National Water Resources Policy, is the fundamental collegiate organization of National Water Resources Management System (SINGREH) to ensure the decentralization, effectiveness and democratization of the public management of water resources through the participation and representation of the segments involved in management decisions. The general aim of this study was to understand how representation and participatory management in water resources public policy, based on the CBH, to assess the qualification, representation and participation to strengthen the performance of these entities integrated management of water and water resources in Brazil. To develop this study a systemic-critical approach was adopted. The methodology was based in a bibliographic and documentary research, field survey with interviews (with key actors in water resources management), questionnaires (with state and interstate CBH members), a field study with non-participant observation (CBH Grande Interstate) and participant observation (CBH Turvo Grande / SP). It allowed the identification of the main challenges and possibilities for the representative and participatory management of water resources. The analysis and interpretation of the data was performed with the triangulation of these techniques, associated with progressive theorization. As a result, it was stablished that participation and representation in water resources management in Brazil occur in different stages, with degrees and forms that generate a participatory process composed of social, public and popular participation. The steps of this process in the management of water resources, considering the CBH's occur with the institutionalization of the collegiate, representation of the segments (public power, civil society, water users), the openness to organized civil society participation and participatory practices. The challenges identified are mainly related to the responsibility in representation, information and the need for training on the CBH, as well as, the recognition of the CBH as a fundamental collegiate in water resources management. The conclusion of the study is that the CBH occupies a central position, especially as regards the integration of the different segments involved in the management of this resources. Also, at the deliberations and proposals for management instruments, the proximity to society, expansion of citizenship and management of water.
Efeitos do regime hidrológico sobre comunidades de macrófitas aquáticas na APA Rio Pandeiros, MG, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-09)
Medeiros, Guilherme Ruas
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Santos, Anderson Medeiros dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9905683948197460
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Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4728734263109138
The diversity of aquatic macrophytes is associated to the heterogeneity habitats and the wetlands are favorable to the development of several life forms of the species and contribute with nutrients and organic matter to the aquatic ecosystems during their decomposition, besides presenting high biomass and high productivity. The wetland area of the Pandeiros River, located in the north of Minas Gerais, is unique in the state, presenting a high diversity of macrophytes and serving as a refuge for several other species of the fauna. The study was carried out between September 2017 and August 2018, contemplating a hydrological cycle. Data collection was carried out in environments with lotic and lentic characteristics, which are predominant in the wetland area, being represented respectively by the bed of the Pandeiros river and its adjacent areas composed predominantly of marginal lagoons and marshes. The research evaluated the dynamics of the community of aquatic macrophytes in this region, focusing its relation with the hydrological dynamics and limnological characteristics of the area. The lentic environment presented a more eutrophic condition in relation to the lotic with higher concentrations of total phosphorus and nitrogen during the evaluated period. The macrophyte mass decay was different among the evaluated environments, occurring more intensely in the lentic environment, contributing to the accumulation of debris as a function of decomposition, contributing to the total nitrogen and phosphorus contribution in the water. Regarding the seasonal variation of Eichhornia azurea biomass, there were no significant differences between the lotic and lentic conditions, however in both areas, there was an increase of biomass in the rainy season, indicating the pulse as a condition for such an increase. The wetlands Pandeiros has a dendritic pattern, the river bed is well delimited in all its extension, and topographic characteristics contribute to the formation of a floodplain in the surroundings along the channel down to the confluence with the São Francisco river, providing connectivity between the lotic and lentic environments. The occurrence of different life forms in the evaluated areas. The absence of water flow in the lentic condition of the upstream and downstream areas evaluated provided a relatively constant pattern in the diversity of life forms present, as well as the establishment of more species. At the points present in lotic conditions, the species present were more susceptible to the pulses, thus providing an environment with lower diversity of life forms of aquatic macrophytes comparison with to the lotic environment and also lower species similarity between upstream and downstream stretches, caused by greater vulnerability to the fixation of some species, especially those with free and fixed floating life forms. The floodplain of the Pandeiros River in Minas Gerais presents a large occurrence of the E. azurea macrophyte under the lotic and lentic conditions, predominant characteristics in the region. As a wetland, the number of researches developed in the region is still scarce, a pre-condition for understanding a series of ecosystem services and their importance as an aquatic ecosystem vulnerable to environmental impacts at regional and global levels.
Avaliação da mielinização do sistema auditivo de recém-nascidos e fatores que a influenciam
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-09)
Pallone, Leticia Valerio
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Germano, Carla Maria Ramos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1685750854841732
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1429629739012337
Introduction: Adequate hormonal and nutritional levels during fetal development and early postnatal period are critical for the proper development of the central nervous system (CNS). Studies suggest a developmental impairment and myelination of the auditory system, part of the CNS, associated with iron deficiency (ID) and congenital hypothyroidism (CH), which can be detected in the neonatal period through BERA (Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry). Objectives: To analyze the relationship between latent iron deficiency (LID) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) values with auditory nerve myelination in the newborn (NB) evaluated by BERA. Methodology: Cross-sectional, quantitative study developed at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia Maternity Hospital in São Carlos, Brazil, on a convenience sample, from August 2016 to January 2018. Sixty-five newborns were evaluated, and 165 of them were BERA. The levels of ferritin and hematocrit were measured. The TSH values were recovered from the neonatal screening tests of the newborns. The same professional who did not have previous access to the results of the blood tests performed BERA exams in the neonatal period. For the analysis of the relationship between LID and BERA latencies, the newborns were divided into two groups: control group (n = 71), with ferritin greater than 75 ng / ml; and LID group (n = 38), with ferritin between 11 and 75 ng / ml. In view of the TSH results, the study participants were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 35): TSH between 0 and 5 μIU / L; and Group 2 (n = 27): TSH between 5 and 15 μUI / L. Statistical analyzes were done by GraphPad Prism and SPSS 24 (IBM). The level of significance was 5%. Results: The percentage of congenital anemia was 26.4% and that of LID was 29.4% among those without anemia. The LID NB group showed a significant increase in V-latency and I-III, I-V, and III-V intervals in relation to the control group. These parameters showed a significant and negative correlation with ferritin. The multiple correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the presence of LID and the latencies of the I-III and III-V intervals, even taking into account the gestational age of the newborn. There was no significant difference in the BERA scores between the groups with different TSH levels or a significant correlation between the TSH levels of the neonatal screening test and the values of the BERA waves and intervals. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated a negative effect of LID on the conductivity and myelination of the auditory pathways of the affected NB. On the other hand, in this study, no significant differences were found in wave latencies and BERA intervals between groups with different TSH values. Although insufficient evidence has been found to support a change in the TSH cutoff value for CH, the results of the present study may contribute to the discussion about the best value to be adopted by the national neonatal screening program and its impact on the development of the CNS.
Desafios da inclusão das pessoas com deficiência no trabalho: contribuições de uma experiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-09)
Navas, Paula Márcia Gomes
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Oliver, Fátima Corrêa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1370450030646953
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4165666833220509
From the twentieth century, both in Brazil and in other countries, legislation is well known, which aims to promote the inclusion of people with disabilities in different social spheres, be they educational, work or leisure. In this way, this research seeks to contribute to the debates about the challenges posed for the participation of persons with disabilities in the world of work, through the understanding that people with disabilities have about this experience considering how they recognize themselves in the world of work and how they identify the meaning of work in their lives. This is a qualitative case study that aims to analyze the work experiences of people with disabilities participating in the ATO Project - Work and Opportunity Action, held in the city of São Carlos - SP. The study was developed in two stages: (i) documentary research in the Project files, such as activity reports and other available records; and (ii) semi-structured interviews with people with disabilities who dealt with their daily lives: a) when they were included by the ATO Project; b) during the phase in which the Project was active; c) after the closing of the Project until the moment of the interview. The information in the reports and records of the Project were presented seeking to build a timeline for the activities, actions and strategies carried out. The interviews were analyzed from the categorical content analysis. According to documentary research, among the 85 people who were included in the work world by the Project, 15 presented interaction profile and interpersonal communication. Through telephone contact and social networks, five of these 15 people agreed to participate in the study. Through a transcription process, interview data were organized into categories, considering the issues that were addressed in the interviews: Life before the ATO Project; The insertion in the Project and its Consequences; Life after the ATO Project. These categories indicated the prevalence of work in the industries of transformation, education, commerce and services, from subjects such as employability restricted to that provided by the Quota Law; the type of function performed in a company in accordance with the constraints; the stereotype in relation to the type of disability; levels of schooling and new job opportunities, influenced by the type of disability; the re-signification of social participation; interpersonal relationships and their development; the execution of the tasks of daily life; the importance of the support network and the quotidian It can be observed that interpersonal relations were promoted or improved with inclusion in the work as well as positive changes, which led the DPs to new positions and protagonism in the family and financial organization, the expansion of their support networks, purchasing power and social participation. Processes of illness, promoted from work, similar to those of other workers have also been identified. The positive results and the limitations and barriers encountered by the DPs enabled recommendations to expand the legal attributions of inclusion programs in the world of work beyond the occupation of vacancies made possible by the Quota Law, emphasizing the need to attend to the complexity of the processes. It is essential that the programs strengthen the study of jobs and people skills and their experiences, as well as the monitoring of the permanence in the work as strategies to enable greater participation in the world of work respecting the right to work as part of the contribution of people to the construction of the world.
Produção de bambu laminado colado: propriedades e aplicações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-10)
Santos, Thiago Oliveira dos
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Barbosa, Juliana Cortez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8172590572025942
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Rubert, José Benaque
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1726311467903505
This paper is a contribution to the process and usage development of bamboo as a raw material as a sustainable practice in several Brazilian economic fields, with emphasis on civil construction. The processed bamboo is used in the manufacture of glued laminates, designated as BLC, Bamboo Laminate Glued, is the object of object study. BLC beams were made using the plants Phyllostachys pubescens and Dendrocalamus giganteus, and with the usage of the Polyurethane Bicomponent and Monocomponent adhesives. Standardized specimens were prepared for the physical and mechanical characterization with obtained results compatible with other species mentioned in literature. Bamboo blades were then produced for the manufacture of BLC beams. The beams produced were submitted to the control of the glue quality (glue line resistance, and delamination) and to the static bending test in order to evaluate the rupture modes and to compare the experimental rigidity with the theoretical model. The results of the glue quality test ranged between 25.59 to 55% at the delamination test, and the results figured between 4.66 and 6.69% at the glue line resistance test. The rigidity was compared following standard ABNT NBR 7190: 2013 expression. The differences between the experimental and theoretical rigidity in BLC produced with bamboo P. pubescens and Polyurethane Bicomponent and Monocomponent adhesives were around 20.41 and 5.00%, respectively. In the BLC beams produce with D. giganteus bamboo this difference between rigidities was around 11% for both types of adhesives.
Ativação da GCs no endotélio como estratégia para reverter e/ou prevenir a disfunção endotelial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-10)
Martinelli, Ariane Migliato
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Rodrigues, Gerson Jhonatan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6725550216586910
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3110739864735199
Introduction: The vascular endothelium presents an important protective function against cardiovascular diseases, and the release of NO has a central role in this protection. Reduction of NO bioavailability and decreased sensitivity of sGC to NO are well recognized in endothelial dysfunction. Although the underlying mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction are multifactorial, the main cause is an NO / sGC / cGMP pathway. Therefore, sGC is an important pharmacological target, which can lead to the development of key drugs in the control and treatment of hypertension, heart failure, among others. In this sense, the objective of this work was to evaluate the accumulation of cGMP in the endothelium as a strategy to revert and / or prevent endothelial dysfunction by means of the soluble guanylate cyclase activator ataciguat. Methods: Aortic rings of male Wistar rats with and without endothelium were placed in a myograph and concentration-cumulative effect curves for ataciguat were performed. In addition, intact aortic rings of normotensive (2K) and hypertensive (2K-1C) rats were incubated with ataciguat and cumulative concentration curves for acetylcholine (Ach) were measured to measure endothelial function. In addition, nitric oxide (NO) was measured by fluorescence or selective electrode on human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs) in response to some treatments, including ataciguat, 8-Br-cGMP and A23187. Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and superoxide anion (O2-) were performed using fluorescent probes, including DHE and lucigenin. Results: The presence of endothelium enhanced the ataciguat-induced relaxation in the aortic rings. In the presence of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (NOS), the endothelium effect was abolished. Treatment of the aortic rings with ataciguat improved the acetylcholine-induced relaxation in 2K-1C and 2K vessels. In the endothelial cell culture, treatment with ataciguat (0.1, 1 and 10 μM) decreased angiotensin II-induced superoxide anion formation. In addition, ataciguat, 8-Br-cGMP and A23187 were able to induce NO production in HUVECs. In the presence of the NOS inhibitor, the NO production induced by ataciguat and 8-Br-cGMP was abolished. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the activation of sGC in endothelial cells induces the production of NO by a mechanism dependent on the activation of NOS and decrease of O2-, with consequent potentiation of vascular relaxation dependent on the endothelium.
Design and automation of a new reactor for enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass at high solids loading
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-10)
Furlong, Vitor Badiale
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Giordano, Roberto de Campos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0834668419587001
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Ribeiro, Marcelo Perencin de Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381402687491195
Several bottlenecks need to be overcome in order to establish the biorefinery concept as a feasible and lucrative second generation ethanol production technology. Lignocellulosic biomass enzymatic saccharification presents itself as one of the major challenges. This process needs high productivity while retaining low cost in order to become a regular practice. However, high enzymatic cocktail cost and complex phenomena makes its optimization a difficult task. Different strategies are necessary to deal with this task. In this work, different research fronts have been explored to improve the sugarcane bagasse enzymatic hydrolysis process performance. To improve modeling, a Fuzzy reaction rate model was proposed. Aiming to improve hydrolysis state prediction, specially under fed-batch conditions. This methodology proved to be useful in this situation, improving prediction both in training and validation assays. This model was coupled to a state estimator to enable monitoring of the hydrolysis process in real time. To do such, a Moving Horizon Estimator was implemented, and instrumentation data was obtained from a soft-sensor using an Artificial Neural Network to predict solids concentration from the reactor’s mixing power requirement. This algorithm was able to predict the desired state variables, however, further studies are necessary before online implementation. Another research front explored in this work was the design of a new reactor architecture. A Semisolid Horizontal Saccharification Bioreactor was developed and coupled to a stirred reactor to compose a parallel reactor system. An automated solids feeder and liquid autosampler were also developed. These apparatus improved energy consumption of the process, while retaining performance indexes from other architectures. The development of the new reactor architecture opens new technologies possibilities inside the bioethanol biorefinery.
Modelos série de potência zero-modificado para séries temporais com dados de contagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-10)
Shirozono, Aimée
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Conceição, Katiane Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5789619620619667
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Andrade Filho, Marinho Gomes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4126245980112687
The goal of this work is to propose the Zero-Modified models with Power Series distribution (ZMPS) for time series with counting data. The ZMPS model have a huge portfolio of count data distributions wherein, with an appropriate link function, we can write the regression models using the ZMPS distributions similar to what is done with generalized linear models. Then, we can use the idea of the Generalized Autoregressive and Moving Average (GARMA) models to propose the Zero-Modified Power Series models for Time Series with counting data.