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Fotocatálise e suas aplicações em reações de ciclização oxidativa e terapia fotônicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-06) Lopes, Thais de Assis; Oliveira, Kleber Thiago de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3759761373942891; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9325216107449553
In the chapter 1, studies on photocatalysed reactions were carried out by porphyrins and other photocatalysts aiming at the formation of radicals in amino aromatic systems for subsequent addition reaction. More specifically, double functionalization C-H reaction were studied by oxidative cyclization of N,N-dimethylaniline (16) with N-phenylmaleimide (17) to obtain tetrahydroquinolines, both by SET (single electron transfer) using meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) and Electron Donor-Acceptor (EDA) complex. For the evaluated reaction, the use of the photocatalyst TPP presented no influence on the formation of the product. Thus, experiments were additionally performed using N, N-dimethylaniline (16) and varying different electrophiles, however, it was not possible to observe the formation of the expected tetrahydroquinolines. Using the substrate fumaronitrile (65) gave a product of interest (2-(methyl(phenyl)amino)acetonitrile) (72), from a radical reaction of N,N-dimethylaniline (16) with fumaronitrile (65). Further, exploratory optimization experiments were performed, but unsuccesfully. Due to the appearance of related publications in the literature, it was decided to no longer insist on these studies. In the chapter 2 the synthesis and photophysical studies of hybrid molecules between curcumin (6) and bixin (11) were carried out aiming at the production of some new photosensitizing molecules for PDT applications. Curcumin is a compound well known by our research group with a well-established synthesis. Bixin (11) was extracted from the seeds of annatto by a modified methodology established in the literature. After obtaining these starting materials, the syntheses of chimeric photosensitizing molecules, the dimer (25) and the trimer (26) were studied. After the syntheses and characterizations of these compounds, studies of their photophysical properties were carried out, namely, studies of molar absorptivity, singlet oxygen quantum yield, photodegradation study, fluorescence quantum yield and aggregation. From these studies it was possible do stablish the molar absorptivities of the products are greater than those of the starting materials. The singlet oxygen quantum yield and the photodegradation of the products showed properties that are similar to bixin (11). Both the dimer (25) and the trimer (26) showed low fluorescence. The trimer (26) exhibited a high Stokes shift. In DMSO the compounds did not present aggregation, but in water the compounds proved to be hydrophobic. Further PDT applications will be performed in order to evaluate the use of these compounds as photosensitizers in PDT ou photodiagnosis.
Sensibilização comportamental ao etanol em camundongos: avaliação da expressão da proteína (delta)FosB e possíveis efeitos da lateralização na via mesocorticolímbica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-06) Laverde, Celina Ferrari; Marin, Marcelo Tadeu; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7920438802539727; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7739080545644673
One of the main challenges of ethanol addiction research is to unveil the brain changes responsible for the transition from recreational drug use to addiction. In this context, behavioral sensitization has been used as a model of neuroplasticity induced by repeated administration of abuse drugs. ΔFosB is a transcription factor that accumulates in the brain after chronic drug exposure and constitutes one of the most important neuroplastic alteration induced by repeated drug use. Recent data have suggested a distinct role of brain hemispheres in modulation of emotions. However, there are no studies about brain lateralization and ethanol-induced behavioral alterations or neuroplasticity. Thus, we evaluated the expression of ΔFosB in brain areas related to alcohol effect comparing the right and left brain hemispheres. For this, Swiss mice were submitted to behavioral sensitization procedure with ethanol or vehicle repeated i.p. administrations. According to their increase on ethanol-induced locomotor activity they were separated in EtOH-Sensitized and EtOH-Not Sensitized or Vehicle treated. Later, mice had their brain processed for ΔFosB immunohistochemistry. We observed that EtOH-Sensitized group has increased ΔFosB expression in in both hemispheres of dorsal medial striatum and infralimbic cortex. In the orbitofrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens shell, the increase of ΔFosB occurred only in the left hemisphere. In contrast, EtOH-Not Sensitized group demonstrated an elevated ΔFosB expression in both hemispheres in granular/disgranular insular cortex but only in right hemisphere of orbitofrontal cortex, cingulate cortex and ventral tegmental area. In central amygdala all groups treated with ethanol had increased ΔFosB expression only in right hemisphere. Our results point predominance of neuroplasticity in the left hemisphere of ethanol behaviorally sensitized animals while neuroplasticity in the right hemisphere seems to protect from ethanol behavioral alterations.
Proposta de um conjunto de indicadores para medir o desempenho de um sistema de gestão da qualidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-05-06) Collette, Paulo Heitor; Martins, Roberto Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5162138182702024
The Quality Management System (QMS), when efficient, is an important mean for controlling and help to achieve the company goals. To make the QMS efficient, there must be a way to measure, correct and improve the QMS. That can be done by using a set of performance indicators. The use of these indicators can help the correct direction of managers in the decision-making process. There are several studies and discussions about performance indicators with the objective of measuring the quality of products and processes. However, the use of performance indicators to measure the performance of quality management systems is a subject with few literature researches. By using such indicators, QMS can provide the necessary support for the organization processes to achieve planned quality, as it would be identifying and correcting problems by monitoring and improving their own performance. Thus, the purpose of this dissertation is the proposition of a set of performance indicators to measure performance and give the necessary support to the management of the organization QMS. Thus, the input criteria used were the quality management constructs, considered as variables used to measure quality performance. For the development of this research, a unique case study, with exploratory nature due to lack of research about the subject, was conducted in a multinational organization of the chemical sector. Interviews were conducted based on a checklist of support for data collection. The result of this study was the identification of 45 performance indicators divided into 11 groups organized based on the constructs, with the objective of measuring the performance of the QMS related to factors such as rate of utilization and expenses with the team, capacity level, development and motivation team, effectiveness of implemented action plans, discipline and compliance with defined activity deadlines, projects and audits, achievement of the goals agreed with the organization senior management, as well as the commitment level of QMS senior management regarding the team's own issues.