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Uma teoria sobre tolerância: o conceito de tolerância na formação dialética da subjetividade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-13) Porto, Larissa Cristine Gondim; Baioni, José Eduardo Marques; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9613180348313909; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7687202000555746
A theory about toleration must deal with the difficulties of its practice. As a concept that is built around moral and political grounds, toleration can be described as necessary and useful, or even offensive and redundant. The hypothesis argued in this thesis is that it is necessary to restructure the concept of toleration, because there is a narrow link between theories of toleration and specific notions of subjectivity, in a way that it is possible to reformulate the concept of toleration by changing the underlying definition of subjectivity that it endorses. Using a dialectical methodology, and taking inspiration from the structure of Hegelian dialectic, it is proposed that there are three main overlapping figures in which toleration can be described. The first figure, called subjective toleration, is based on the individualism thesis and defines toleration as a negative act of putting up with something that causes aversion. This classical discourse of toleration is constantly linked to the development of political liberalism, but leads to paradoxes that refute it. Because of these paradoxes, a second figure of intersubjective toleration arises. Grounded in the Hegelian phenomenology and its contemporary interpretations, the road to self consciousness leads to the development of an idea of toleration as the restriction of desire, within the act of recognition. Thus, toleration turns into recognition, because both can be described as a process of double negative, in which desire of one selfconscious is reciprocally restrained towards the other selfconcious. The paradox of this figure lies in the fact that there is no normative ground that imposes this recognition as a duty. To fulfill this gap, it is necessary a third figure, the objective toleration, based on a democratic thesis, which defines toleration as an element of the bildung of political subjectivity through social and ethical liberty. Then, toleration becomes a way to critique political neutrality, and must be incorporated in institutions of direct and indirect power, as a tool to inclusiveness in difference. Through the dialectical movement of these three figures, it is possible to observe how toleration sublates into a more general and inclusive perspective and becomes an intrinsic part of the contemporary moral and political subjectivity.
Os sitiantes de Córrego das Pedras (MT): trajetórias de vida e memórias da terra de trabalho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-13) Pereira Filho, José; Silva, Maria Aparecida de Moraes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6792025643983370; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8199523171468596
The present work titled: "THE BESIEGERS OF ‘CÓRREGO DAS PEDRAS’ (MT): life trajectories and memories of the work land", aims to understand the social dynamics regarding the strategies and forms of survival of families living in minis, small and medium rural properties, called small farms, in the community of Córrego das Pedras, in the municipality of Tangará da Serra (MT), understanding the land as a means to guarantee, through the work of the besieging families that reside and work in it, the production and reproduction of a life. It is a qualitative research, having as methodology oral history and memory, in which I used, mainly, the direct observations and the interviews of open and semi-structured script as methodological resources for data generation. I also used questionnaires and documentary surveys as complementary procedures. The analyzes are based on the perception of the life trajectory of migrant families from Minas Gerais and São Paulo who migrated with their habits, customs and traditions. The besiegers did not surrender to the process of expropriation of their lands, own of the regions where the modern capitalist agriculture establishes and advances. They subsisted in time, in their fractions of land, producing and reproducing their own dynamics of life and generating culture, in symbiosis between modernity and tradition. I point to the premise that the forms of production of material life constructed over time, - these heterogeneous forms, combined with the production and reproduction of the caipira culture, manifest in the writings of Candido (1982), perceived in the festivals, in the confraternizations, in cooking and religious practices - were decisive for the production and reproduction of a way of life and the permanence of the families in their places. I made reference to a daily resistance, produced daily in the struggle of the families to remain in their portions of land and to produce their own material existence and of their families, in front of the agribusiness advances in the region. The conquest and permanence in their lands also ended up constituting a resistance to the development model proposed for the State and region, with a predominance of rural estates, now transformed into modern agribusiness rural enterprises, focused on the production of monocultures such as: soybeans, corn, cotton and the extensive breeding of cattle for slaughter. While the agribusiness model turns to supply the capitalist market, the besiegers' experiences return to the production and reproduction of rural life. I emphasize the role played by women in the course of the entire production and reproduction of family life trajectory. Historically, partners of their husbands, therefore, protagonists of the trajectory of resistance. No more nor less than men, but women of struggle and in struggle. In the ways of the research, I was able to look to the future, especially from the children, adolescents and young people, using a dialogical relationship, through drawings, that showed the sensitivity and the affection towards the land. The diverse and plural rural world lives and reproduces, looking to the future, establishing new forms of relationship of men and women between themselves and with the land.
Ajustes autonômicos cardíacos frente ao exercício físico e mudança postural em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-13) Mello, Roberta Lorena Moreira de; Mendes, Renata Gonçalves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9634590922242052; Gianlorenço, Anna Carolyna Lepesteur; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3861050459671690; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4895267328573724
Parkinson's disease (PD) involves damage to dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal pathway. The dysregulation of cardiovascular autonomic modulation is one of the non-motor impairment described in this disease. Adjustments of cardiac autonomic modulation can be tested by different stressors such as exercise and postural changes and can be verified by the behavior of a tool known as heart rate variability (HRV). Considering the importance of neurocardial autonomic control in the face of the diversity of adjustments needed and the different demands imposed on daily life added to the impairment of PD, it is pertinent to investigate autonomic adjustments in this population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adjustments of cardiac autonomic modulation against stressors such as exercise and postural change in individuals with PD. Twenty individuals were divided into two groups. Ten individuals with PD (GDP, n = 10) and ten healthy volunteers (CG, N = 10) matched for age and gender. For the analyzes related to the autonomic modulation of the heart rate (HR) in relation to the postural change (GDP only) and exercise, HR signals and RR intervals were obtained by means of a PolarS810i telemetry system and the evaluation of stationary sections of the signal containing 256 points in supine, lying down and standing conditions, as well as in sitting rest conditions, during submaximal exercise and recovery after exercise. There was no significant difference for HRV indices regarding postural change in individuals with PD. For intragroup analyzes at rest there was a statistical difference in the RMMSD, SD1, RRtri, TINN, SD2 and STDRR indices, with lower values for SD. There was no statistically significant intra-group difference in HRV analysis at the 6MWT. At recovery, there was intragroup difference in mean HR, RR average, LF / HF, SD2 / SD1, LF and HF. In the intragroup analysis, individuals with PD had a reduction in HRV indices (DMSR, SD1, RRtri, TINN, SD2 and STDRR) at rest for the 6MWT and an increase in the same indices at recovery. CONCLUSION: We concluded that individuals with PD present autonomic adjustment in relation to exercise stimulus (rest x 6MWT x recovery), however, there were no changes in HRV in postural change, and individuals with PD showed a delay in recovering in the indices of postural change. HRV when compared to healthy ones.
A transformação de um campo e suas concepções de controle: o caso de uma Santa Casa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-13) Oliveira, Andre Luiz Mendes; Donadone, Julio Cesar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643906508178259; Sacomano Neto, Mário; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0000793038362058; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3818622472890426
This research investigates a Santa Casa under a relational sociological approach with the aid of Fligstein's Strategic Action Field theory and Conception of Control developed by Fligstein and McAdam. The research theme is presented in order to contextualize the research problem, its objectives and the facts that demonstrate the relevance of the research. The method adopted is the qualitative research, with a unique case study involving documentary research allied to a field research. A brief historical analysis of the Santa Casa is also presented, in order to understand the principles that gave rise to these institutions, and their relationship with Christian charity, philanthropy of the Portuguese nobility and the importance of the Brotherhoods and Confraternities in the Middle Ages in Portuguese societies and Brazilian in the colonial period. A brief history of the Brazilian public health system and of private health plans is outlined. The data were divided in four periods and analyzed considering the four selected categories: Historical Highlights, Provedor Profile, Patient Profile and Financial Resources Source. From this analysis it was possible to identify four conceptions of control over time: Caritária, Nosocômica, Mercantil and Semi-Pública. Another conclusion of the research demonstrates the dynamics of the Santa Casa as a Strategic Action Field, observing the (re) positioning of each of the agents within the Santa Casa field and the fields adjacent to it. The role of the State throughout the history of Santa Casa is also discussed, demonstrating its performance.
Avaliação do Protocolo de Entrevista Investigativa NICHD em contexto análogo ao forense
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-13) Hackbarth, Chayene; Williams, Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962646759651464; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7785657130976304
Child sexual abuse is a public health problem that presents challenges for the Judiciary system given the difficulty in presenting evidence to substantiate it. This study joins other Brazilian studies testing the applicability of the NICHD Protocol, from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, for the investigation of alleged child sexual abuse cases in this context. This is a pioneer analogous study to the forensic setting in Brazil which replicates an international study to evaluate the quality of the interviews conducted with the protocol by interviewers trained by the author. The objectives of the study were: 1) to evaluate the accuracy of the information provided by children according to the different modalities of questions present in the NICHD protocol (open, direct, multiple, suggestive and suggestive questions), comparing interviews about a staged target event with a group of children who were interviewed with the pre-substantive phase of NICHD protocol (PSG) and a comparison group with interviewers without the pre-substantive training (CG); and 2) to verify the proportion with which children in these two conditions reported, when asked, to have participated in a fictitious event that never took place. It is hypothesized that as in the original study, the group of children who went through the pre-substantive training interviewers had superior performance in narrative practice and number of relevant details about the target event, being more resistant to interviewer's suggestive questions about the fictitious event than the control group. 108 children (51 boys and 57 girls) were interviewed in four public schools in Mato Grosso State, Brazil regarding a staged event by the researchers. The information was coded for comparison with statistical tests, such as Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test and U de Mann-Whitney test for comparison of two proportions. Results indicated that the number of questions for the CG was significantly higher than for the PSG, contrary to the hypothesis regarding the extension of information presented in the children's responses when using the pre-substantive phase of the NICHD Protocol. Possibly due to the inexperience of the interviewers (undergraduate students) and their short training there was insufficient investment in the pre-substantive phase without extensive use of open-ended questions for appropriate narrative training, as recommended. However, incorrect reports about the fictitious event were more frequent in the CG, showing that the rapport training seems to have been effective in preparing the children to resist suggestive questions about the fictitious event, corroborating the literature about children’s abilities to differentiate truth from lies and make reliable accounts of their experiences, resisting the interviewer's suggestive questions.
Os aspectos psicossociais no trabalho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-13) Gonçalves, Josiane Sotrate; Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3456494998257229; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2410914955030654
Work stress affects an increasing number of workers, making necessary to evaluate the psychosocial work environment. The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQ II) is a questionnaire used to assess psychosocial conditions at work among different populations. However, its short version is not translated and adapted to Brazilian Portuguese. Thus, two studies were conducted. Study 1 aimed to transculturally adapt the short version of COPSOQ II for Brazilian Portuguese (COPSOQ II-Br) and to evaluate its psychometric properties. Study 2 aimed to describe the sociodemographic, occupational and health profile of outsourced workers in the cleaning sector who work in a Higher Education Institution and to identify factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms and heart rate variability among this population. The translation process, transcultural adaptation and the psychometric properties test were carried out in accordance with the international standardized recommendations. We evaluated 211 public sector workers and service providers in the test and 157 in the retest. The process of cross-cultural adaptation was carried out. Some dimensions showed floor and ceiling effect. Cronbach alpha values reached the recommended levels. The test-retest reliability test indicated all dimensions had a ICC greater than 0.70. SEM ranged from 0.6 to 2.2 and the construct validity was demonstrated. Thus, the measurement properties of the short version of the COPSOQ II-Br are suitable for use in Brazil. Since the COPSOQ II-Br was available, the psychosocial aspects and the occupational exposure among cleaners were evaluated. Forty-five workers (100% women) who had an age group between 18 and 65 years answered a questionnaire containing sociodemographic, occupational and health data, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, the Physical Activity Questionnaire in work and leisure, and the short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II-Br). Clinical data (stature, body mass, waist hip ratio, blood pressure and heart rate variability) were also collected. Logistic and linear regression models were applied to identify factors associated with symptoms and heart rate variability. Workers reported systemic hypertension (23%) and musculoskeletal symptoms in the lower limbs (knees and ankles/feet). The most commonly reported critical psychosocial aspects were “Influence at work” (74%), Burnout” (59%) and “Stress” (52%). There was an association between the symptoms in the ankle/foot and the body mass index and between heart rate variability indexes and age and waist hip ratio. Musculoskeletal symptoms and heart rate variability indices were associated with body composition measures. Thus, possible measures to promote health and prevent future should be taken to benefit the population are workers. Therefore, the present thesis provides the COPSOQ II-Br to evaluate the psychosocial conditions in Brazilian workers and reveals the health profile of cleaners.
O procedimento de tradução como fundamento da educação nos museus de arte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-06-13) Consiglio, Thiago; Lana, Rita de Cássia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1816504631940006; Marques, Sílvio César Moral; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6047434055828372; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9392389293296460
This research focuses the theme of education at art museums and seeks to discuss the foundations of the education practiced by museums through the concept of translation. The main objective of the dissertation is, through bibliographical research, to answer the question-problem: “in what way translation can be a foundation of educational pratice at art museums?”. For that, the work reframed the concept of translation through three procedures: literary, educational and epistemological; briefly raised the historical process of museum education; and also problematized historical and plural museums perspectives in relation with the reframed conception of translation. The study open with the idea that translation is: a development of a new authorship text; an effort in apreehension of knowledge; and a link between multiple views in knowledge production. As a conclusion, the work acknowledged that translation can support an emancipatory educational practice at art museums concerned about the importance of language, and as an essentially open model that is made through process and plurality.