Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2019-07"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 61

Desinformação e as fake news: apontamentos sobre seu surgimento, detecção e formas de combate
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07) Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary; Santos, Tábita; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6199376480666254
Este trabalho se propõe a apresentar os principais aspectos atuais sobre o fenômeno da desinformação (Fake News), utilizando como percurso metodológico a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. O objetivo é compreender como e porque acontece a proliferação de informações falsas em massa, no ambiente virtual, buscando entender, ainda, como grupos bem organizados e munidos de tecnologia robótica tem difundido a desinformação. O artigo também visa acompanhar os principais programas e projetos mundiais, que vem sendo desenvolvidos pelas autoridades e pelas plataformas de distribuição de notícias, no que tange à necessidade de combater este fenômeno social.
Um estudo de concepções e experiências de escolas de tempo integral nos municípios de Campinas e Jundiaí
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-01) Cheroti, Aparecida do Carmo Fernandes; Nascimento, Manoel Nelito Matheus; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486910967478337; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9572751287699856
The present study aims to analyze the concept of integral education in different historical contexts and the unfolding of the concept as public educational policy. Taking this reference, the insertion of the concept into the official Brazilian documents guiding integral education was analyzed, and finally, its formulation and effectiveness as public educational policy, focusing on two municipal experiences developed in the State of São Paulo. The concept of integral education was present in historical pedagogical conceptions, such as the Paideia, originated in Ancient Greece, passing through the French Revolution, reappearing at the International Congress of Workers in 1868, in the omnilateral formation of Marx and Engels and in the Unitarian School of Gramsci. It was also explored the concept of integral formation of the individual through the perspective of social law provided for in the Constitution of 1988 and in the Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education (9394/1996), as well as analyzing how the full- of educational public policies based and formulated in integral education, is linked or not to the first concepts of this educational model. Based on these assumptions, the analysis of two public educational policies related to integral education in the State of São Paulo was analyzed, with the central question: Education policy formulated in some municipalities of São Paulo.The research was carried out in the steps of bibliographical survey and documentary analysis. The final analysis of the experiments illustrates that there is still a gap between the design of a project and its implementation, and that the fragmentation of content as well as teaching dissociated from social action and educational work hinders the municipal experiences of fulltime municipalities of Jundiaí and Campinas can be considered a integral education according to the formulations and concepts covered in the dissertation. This paper intends to contribute to the discussion about the formulation and execution of municipal public policies by analyzing the guidelines contained in the official documents and the effective practice related to integral education.
Conversas ao Pé da Varanda: memórias e narrativas de uma família de sitiantes são-carlenses
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-01) Galhardo, Belissa do Pinho Jambersi; Riscal, Sandra Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0328618752218708; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3818427329401721
This thesis presents the results of an ethnographic research developed in a farm located in the city of São Carlos. Sought through the field interventions understand and interpret the meanings attributed by the researched interlocutors; to the family, to the land, to the time, to narratives, to the socio-spatial organization and the routine.These aspects were interpreted in the meaning of establishing a relationship between memory and culture in order to understand how the memory attributes meaning and purpose to the culture organized by this family. Thus, from the perspective of this study memory and culture is defined as a meaning attributed to the socially developed practices of the research interlocutors.
ENEM em libras e a avaliação na educação básica pelo olhar dos surdos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-01) Trevisan, Sueli Fioramonte; Martins, Vanessa Regina de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4768682330164550; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0530476018869452
The National High School Examination (Enem) is the most expressive evaluation of Brazil because thousands of students apply to this evaluation every year. Over time, it has been changing to achieve varied social demands such as admission to public Brazilian universities, based on the result obtained in the test and in the inscriptions in universities through the Unified Selection System (Sisu). Since 2017 the exam is applied in Libras (Brazilian sign language). Thereby, this research proposed to observe if this new proposal is enough to promote educational accessibility, ensuring equal conditions of application for a college education. Therefore, it was verified the absence or presence of educational practices that contemplate the test gender in Libras in basic education. In order to reach this goal, we are based on Bakhtin's (1992; 2003) theories, as well as Vygotsky's historical-cultural theory, of the work Pensamento e Linguagem (Thought and Language, 1989) and the authors of Deaf Studies (SKLIAR, 2005; LACERDA, 2009, MARTINS, 2013, among others), as well as the perspectives of deaf participants who tested the Enem in Libras. With this proposal, we verified if the test in Libras, in the speech of the participants, was previously offered in their basic education or if their contact with this kind of test was given only in this final exam. This is a qualitative research of exploratory and descriptive nature with a case study, through semi-structured interviews. To achieve this proposal, we first did bibliographical research in official documents of the National Institute of Studies and Research (Inep) referring to the Enem, and focus this research in that direction. After this, we interviewed four deaf candidates who did the Enem in Libras to bring their considerations about their experience with the exam. The results demonstrate that the deaf were very pleased to take the test in Libras, stating that their language and their needs were respected. However, difficulties in basic education were reported, mainly due to the absence exams in Libras during this period of schooling. We understand that the challenges faced by the deaf in the lack of contact with the school tests in Libras in basic education are not a reason to remove the Libras exam application of the Enem. because it promotes well-being for the deaf and represents their empowerment. Nevertheless, the research points to the need to review the educational bases for the effective educational inclusion of deaf people, enhance their practices and enunciative experiences in Libras, promoting new bilingual curricular proposals.
Avaliação do uso de RPA quadrimotor para aplicações de mapeamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-01) Lopes, Thiago; Stanganini, Fabio Noel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6774358264004600; Melanda, Edson Augusto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1554762456965991; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5634763797435092
As a result of the popularization of the technology of the Remotely Aircraft (RPAs) and of the Legislation recently issued by ANAC (National Civil Aviation Agency) that regulates the use of these for commercial purposes, there is an imminent tendency of growth in the acquisition of such equipment and a dissemination of the techniques for the most varied uses. This research intends to analyze the use of Remotely Piloted Aircraft in aerophotogrammetric surveys for mapping areas, thus verifying the quality, consistency and accuracy of the data obtained and looking to generate three - dimensional models of representation that surely correspond to the surface of the area in question. Thus, with the confirmation of this accuracy, it is possible to indicate each type of use of this data in order to propose new regulations and acceptance of this mapping technique.
Desempenho cognitivo de idosos cuidadores e sua relação com o contexto de cuidado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-01) Ottaviani, Ana Carolina; Silva, Francisco José Fraga da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6574409043436708; Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6355920916125637
The task of caring can bring benefits to caregivers, but it can also have negative effects on their physical, psychological and mental health. The general objective of this study was to analyze the cognitive performance of older caregivers and their relationship with the context of care. Three studies were developed: the first was a longitudinal study aimed at comparing cognitive performance and care context variables in 61 older caregivers. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and the context of care, daily life activities, cognition, burden, and depressive symptoms were collected. There was a significant difference between the assessments in the first and second evaluations for: language cognitive domain (p = 0.024), receiving material help (p = 0.020), care time (p = 0.045), and greater dependence on basic activities of daily living of the care recipient (p = 0.042). The second study consisted of a systematic review that aimed to analyze the use of P300 in healthy elderly. We analyzed 26 articles and it was identified that there is increased latency and lower amplitude with increasing age. In addition, it was found that the increase in latency is more pronounced in the elderly with cognitive impairment. The third study had as objective to analyze the factors associated to the cognitive processing of 75 older caregivers considering differences between the age groups. Data on sociodemographic characterization, care, health, cognition and cognitive processing were collected. In the group of 60 to 69 years (n = 43) there were moderate correlations between cognitive processing and variables related to the context of care, health and cognitive domains memory and language. In the group of 70 years and over (n = 32), there was a moderate and strong correlation between cognitive processing and cognition in the attention and orientation domains, memory, verbal fluency, language and visuospatial ability. We concluded that different factors concerning the context of care are related to the cognitive performance of older caregivers of other older people. There is evidence of the need to plan actions with caregivers in primary health care due to the importance of cognition in the outcome of older care and health.
Spray pirólise de filmes de óxido de zinco dopado com alumínio e estanho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-02) Reis, Sabrina Lara dos; Godoy, Marcio Peron Franco de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2609654784637427; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7010023674793524
We present a study on the structural, optical and electrical properties of ZnO doped with Al (ZnO: Al) and with Sn (ZnO: Sn) grown on glass substrates using the Spray Pyrolysis technique. The sample were grown in the temperature range of 220-300 ° C employing as precursors Zinc acetate and Aluminum and Tin chlorides. The nominal concentrations of dopants vary from 0.01 to 1.00% for samples containing Al and from 0.05 to 2.00% for samples containing Sn. The characterization in this study used techniques as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Optical Transmittance and Absorbance, Photoluminescence (PL), I-V Curve and Electrical Capacitance. The XRD analysis indicates that our films are polycrystalline with a wurtzite structure and preferential direction along the plane (002) with no presence of secondary phases. The doping does not interfere in the optical transparency of our films in the region of the visible spectrum, with transmittance higher than 80%. Our samples´ set present the Burstein-Moss effect. We estimate an electron concentration around 1019 cm-3 for the sample doped with 0.5% of Al, which also presented a rectifier behavior when composing a Schottky contact with gold, presenting the value of 6.3 V for knee tension and estimate of density of ionized and compensated impurities of the order of 1017 cm-3. The PL data show ultraviolet emission bands corresponding to NBE and also in the visible region corresponding to defect levels. Increasing the concentration of Al and Sn, the bandgap value estimated according to the Varshni adjustment increases, approaching the theoretical value for the ZnO (3.37 eV). At 300 K, the absorbed photons have higher energies than the photons emitted in the PL for the two sets of samples, indicating a possible doping mechanism as the dopant concentration increases.
Eficiência e eficácia da filosofia "Visão Zero" na segurança de trânsito
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-02) Prado, Ana Carolina Oliveira; Raia Junior, Archimedes Azevedo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6413793013018019; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5452022567692508
Road accidents have increased and generated many material and human losses, especially in developing countries. Traffic accidents can occur in many ways and many factors are involved in these occurrences, from human failures, engineering and the environment itself. The consequences of these failures have killed more than 1.2 million people annually and the forecast is not optimistic, these figures are expected to reach almost 1.9 million by 2020, in addition to the many injured, and the most worrying is to be the main cause of death among young people aged 15 to 29 years. In order to find solutions to the problems of accidentality, many countries have taken measures that are reducing the occurrence of accidents, among them Sweden, which developed an important concept, Zero Vision (VZ), with the aim of reviewing its traffic accidents and how to treat them, this new perception of accidents has an important differential, considers a range of road safety officers, not only road users, but also assumes that the human being makes mistakes and that these errors should not be punished with death. The aim of the present research was to survey the results obtained by Sweden with the creation of the VZ philosophy, as well as the other countries that adopted this philosophy to reduce accidents. From the VZ state of the art, a survey was made with experts from the area of road safety and engineering, from which it was observed that it is possible to adopt VZ in Brazil, despite the difficulties that may arise due to cultural problems that affect the effective application of elements necessary for the application of this philosophy, such as Commitment, as well as the strategy for creating and enforcing security policies.
Políticas para a extensão universitária e sua implementação na UFG: 2006 a 2016
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-02) Batista, Zenilde Nunes; Kerbauy, Maria Teresa Miceli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4762029784021248; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1586647809753762
This research analyzes the public policies directed to the university extension at the Universidade Federal de Goiás – UFG, during the period from 2006 to 2016. The impulse for this investigation arose from the questioning about the government policies and about the practice of institutional actions directed to the actions of extension. Understanding it as one of the tools of the university that is capable of assisting in the process of social transformation, in a preliminary moment we elected theoretical input for understanding the matter, taking it as a component of a network, through which they move different actors, with a view to the construction and sharing of knowledge. Regarding the methodology, the thesis is predominantly in the scope of qualitative research, having as north studies of the STS (Science, Technology and Society) field, as well as those specific on University Extension – its history and its concepts. The quantitative aspect is summarized in the final section, in which we analyze the institutional policies; therefore, we developed this research under mixed methodology. For this, we resorted to bibliographic and documentary research, in addition to data collection. In this endeavor, the internal documents of the Extension and Culture Pro-Rectory were essential, as well as data from the GFU’s electronic extension system. The laws and norms consultation were another important action in the process. The main objective of this thesis was to investigate the impact caused by public extension policies at GFU. Moreover, the main question asks as a response whether there was growth in the extension afforded by those policies. Our initial hypothesis – that adherence to these policies and specific aspects of internal governance provided a high performance in the area of extension at GFU – confirms itself at the end of the research, along with the finding that government initiatives in that period were also reason for such institutional return size. Key-words: University Extension; Public Policies; Education; Social Actors; Governance.
Geração de vetores de sentido para o português
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-03) Silva, Jéssica Rodrigues da; Caseli, Helena de Medeiros; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6608582057810385; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8077169220013752
Numerical vector representations are able to represent from words to meanings, in a low-dimensional continuous space. These representations are based on distributional modeling, where the context in which the word occurs is taken into account for vector generation. The word representations, known as word embeddings or word vectors (Word2vec, FastText, Wang2vec and Glove), which have been widely used until now, have an important limitation: they produce a single vector representation for each word, ignoring the fact that ambiguous words can represent different meanings (different contexts). This mixture of meanings can be a problem for many applications. For example, in a language comprehension task, using the vector of an ambiguous word as "bank", all possible meanings --such as financial institution, blood bank, or furniture item --will be mixed into a single numerical vector, causing an erroneous semantic interpretation of the sentence in which it occurs. Over the last few years, representations of meanings, known as sense embeddings or sense vectors, have proven to be able to model syntactic and semantic knowledge and have been used in NLP applications. By being able to transform the various meanings of an ambiguous word into numerical vectors, sense vectors can be applied to Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD). Thus, this work generated and evaluated sense vectors for Portuguese (PT-BR and PT-EU), and showed that they overcome traditional vectors in intrinsic and extrinsic NLP tasks, since they are capable of dealing with lexical ambiguity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to address the geneation and evaluation of sense vectors for Portuguese.
Análise de fenômenos críticos no modelo Rock-Paper-Scissors
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-03) Silva, Ricardo Rodrigues Justino da; Santos, Francisco Ednilson Alves dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0500176058863562; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2662530173940042
This present work was developed with the purpose of analyzing critical phenomena in the Rock-Paper-Scissors model, consisting of three species and the empty site, initially distributed randomly in a square lattice, in which an active cell can interact with only one of its four neighbors (passive cells). The possible interactions are classified as motion (active and passive switch their positions), reproduction (active reproduces filling an empty site), or predation (active predates the passive generating an empty site). In summary, it is a cyclic interaction model with no privileged direction, however it shows signatures of a continuous phase transition from the diversity (symmetric phase) to uniformity (non symmetric phase). This way, we were motivated to study this type of system and analyze how the variation of one of its control parameters, the reproduction parameter µ, influences the system when µ → µc, where µc is the critical reproduction, and by performing numerical experiments identify to which universality class of the Rock-Paper-Scissors model with three species and the empty site belongs.
Modelagem, simulação e análise técnico-econômica-ambiental do processo de extração de óleo de soja por hexano e etanol e da produção de biodiesel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-04) Potrich, Erich; Giordano, Roberto de Campos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0834668419587001; Cruz, Antonio José Gonçalves da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1812806190521028; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1836832210012870
Brazil is the second largest producer of soybean, with the projection of becoming the largest producer in 2019/2020. All Brazilian soybean oil is produced by the extraction process with hexane, an oil derivative. One way to make the extraction process more sustainable would be to replace hexane by ethanol, a renewable solvent widely produced in Brazil. Thereby, the objective of this work was to perform the techno-economic-environmental analysis, together with the modeling and simulation, of the soybean oil extraction process and biodiesel manufacturing. The net present value (NPV) was adopted as the economic metric. For the environmental analysis the life cycle analysis (LCA) of the process was carried out. The soybean oil preparation, extraction, refining and transesterification processes were simulated in EMSO (Environment for Modeling, Simulation and Optimization) software. The products considered in the process were: refined soybean oil, soybean meal, soybean lecithin, pelleted soybean hulls, glycerol and biodiesel. The thermodynamic parameters were estimated by group contribution methods for each element that composes the raw material and the products. The extraction processes using hexane, hydrated ethanol and anhydrous ethanol were simulated. The minimum attractive rate of return (MARR) was 11%. The NPV values calculated for a period of 20 years of operation were positive for all cases analyzed, indicating that all the evaluated processes are economically viable. However, the process employing hexane had a NPV approximately 10.2% higher than the best process employing ethanol (hydrate). On the other hand, the replacement of hexane by ethanol resulted in lower Global Warming Potential (GWP). The substitution of hexane by hydrous ethanol would avoid the emission of approximately 10,600 t of CO2eq per year in an industry that crushes 125 t/h of soybean.
Controle coerente da excitação de modos topológicos em condensados de Bose-Einstein
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-04) Silva, Leonardo Brito da; Lima, Emanuel Fernandes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7845605890195115; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9830831654428546
In this project were carried out a study on dynamics control of one dimensional Bose- Einstein condensates of dilute gases by development and application of techniques on systems that are described by Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Were built numeric codes able to return states and energies of condensate nonlinear hamiltonian and also simulate the dynamics of this one when driven by external fields. Therefore, it was possible the observation of condensate behavior under several shapes of space- temporal modulating fields, that are divided in two classes, the first one, the trap modulating, and the second one, the scattering length modulating. The objective of this analysis is to investigate the different natures modulations combined to induce target transitions, in order to built condensates in topological modes by amplitude of the two pathways interference. We noticed that the double modulation can drive the desired transition in a shorter time than only one modulation without significant loss of atoms during fields action and it presents a interesting response to fields relative phase , frequency modulation and fields dalay, in such a way that target transition can be submitted to different ways of Coherent Control. It can reduce the time of transition interfering fields and can control the fraction migrated, such as to interrupt the process without the need to turn off the fields.
Transposição de serapilheira em processo de restauração ambiental: análise de fungos endomicorrízicos no município de Cabreúva, SP.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-04) Giacomini, Luciana Aparecida; Santos, André Cordeiro Alves dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2131880667704281; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5420544048546946
Many natural areas of high biological diversity and endemism, such as those in the Atlantic Forest domain in the southeastern state of São Paulo, have been degraded to meet man's need to convert these areas into agricultural plantations, livestock breeding and other uses. ground. The ecological restoration technique, through the transposition of the forest blanket to degraded or disturbed areas, allows the reestablishment of the ecological processes and can contribute with the increase of the community of microorganisms. Fungi present in the soil microbiota are considered key elements in the nutrient cycling of organic matter deposited in the soil. The arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the phylum Glomeromycota associate the plants and are considered obligatory biotrophic; in establishing the symbiosis contribute to the availability of nutrients from the soil to the plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the transposition nucleation technique of the second organic litter sub-horizon in the community of mycorrhizal fungi in a disturbed area located in the municipality of Cabreúva, SP. Ten plots were delimited in the experimental unit, being five control plots and five plots with treatment. Two samplings were carried out, the first in October 2017 and the second in July 2018. In these samplings, individual and integrated samples of the soil plots were collected to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil, the community of mycorrhizal fungi and the number of glomerospores. A total of 27 species were distributed in eight genera: Pacispora (1 species), Diversispora (1), Funneliformis (1), Archaeospora (2), Scutellospora (3), Dentiscutata (4), Acaulospora (5) and Glomus, belonging to six families. It was concluded that the edaphic conditions of the experimental unit are consistent with the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The transposed organic matter did not promote an increase in species richness and didn’t facilitate the colonization of plant species in the area, whereas gravimetric and grassy moisture may have influenced the richness. The multivariate permutation analysis detected differences in the composition of the species between the seasons and the density of glomerospores decreased in the dry season.
Análise da diversidade genética e potencial biotecnológico da comunidade bacteriana associada a Coffea arabica L. de cultivo convencional e orgânico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-04) Andrade, Paulo Henrique Marques de; Lacava, Paulo Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8947678349043750; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0678317457244082
The present work had as objective the isolation, biochemical characterization, identification and analysis of the genetic diversity of the endophytic bacterial community associated with Coffea arabica L. culture from conventional and organic cultivation. The endophyte isolates were evaluated in vitro for the potential to promote direct plant growth (phosphate solubilization, biological nitrogen fixation and indole acetic acid production) and indirect (antagonism to phytopathogenic fungi) and enzymatic activity (amylolytic, cellulolytic, esterolytic, lipolytic, pectinolytic and proteolytic). Identification was performed by bacterial cell analysis by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption / Ionization-Time-Of-Fligh (MALDI-TOF) of 59 endophytic isolates. Forty isolates were also identified by partial sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene for evaluation and comparing the diversity of endophytic bacterial communities associated with conventional and organic coffee. The analysis of diversity indicated that the endophytic bacterial community of coffee from the organic growing area is more diverse. A total of ten bacterial strains with potential for plant growth promotion were selected for in vivo inoculation in Coffea arabica L. seedlings and in vitro plant growth promotion indicators as well as macro and micronutrient content in leaf tissue were evaluated after 180 days of the first inoculation. Metagenomic analysis of the 16S rDNA gene was also performed on samples of rhizospheric soil from Coffea arabica L. from the same areas. From the analyzes it was possible to identify sequences of 1 phylum, 6 orders and 27 families among all the samples. Among them, the family Planctomycetaceae was the most abundant in the two areas analyzed, whereas the orders Xanthomonadales and Sphingomonadales were the ones that presented smaller relative abundance in the area ofconventional and organic cultivation, respectively. A total of 21 bacterial groups presented relative abundance with significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) between the rhizosphere samples of conventional and organic coffee, indicating the influence of the management on the bacterial diversity of the rhizospheric soil.
O ensino de língua portuguesa no Brasil: discursos materializados em documentos oficiais e atualizados pelo PCN e pela BNCC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-04) Fancio, Adriana Cicera Amaral; Gregolin, Isadora Valencise; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015869228676997; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240130812858377
This research has as general objective to analyze the most recent official discursive construction about the Portuguese Language (hereinafter LP) as a teaching object based on the discursive and comparative analysis of the two Brazilian prescriptive documents, namely the National Curricular Parameters (BRAZIL, 1998) and the National Curricular Common Base (BRAZIL, 2017). It is characterized as a qualitative investigation, of theoretical and analytical nature, with procedures of documentary analysis and bibliographic revision, anchored in the perspective of Discourse Analysis (AD) and articulation with the History of Linguistic Ideas (HIL) in Brazil. It is therefore embedded in the previous theoretical reflections on the institutionalization of language as official and national in the country (GUIMARÃES, 2005a), permeated by linguistic policies and relations of force (ORLANDI, 2007a). From the bibliographical analysis, gestures of interpretation of the materiality of the archive (PÊCHEUX, 1982) were performed, in order to provide a better understanding of the silences and meanings that are affected by the conditions of production ((PÊCHEUX, 1981; COURTINE, 1982; ORLANDI, 2015) and the interactions among the subject, the history and the ideological positions that contribute to the construction of the Brazilian linguistic identity (ORLANDI, 2007a, 2015). The Discourse Analysis materialized in the archive about LP as a teaching object in the school showed that the BNCC (2017) updates some discourses enunciated in the PCN (1998) and presents others, such as the organization of teaching in language practices and fields of action. In addition, the analyses showed that LP, in a way, is still seen as the mother tongue of Brazilians producing the coincidence effect (PFEIFFER; SILVA, 2014) in relation to the imaginary language (ORLANDI, 1990). We also recognize the effort, in a certain way, highlighted in the discourse materialized in the recent BNCC (2017), to recognize the linguistic varieties when proposing discussions about the diversity of languages spoken in Brazil, to avoid linguistic prejudice. Finally, another official document presents to society the discourse of improvement of the educational system in Brazil. The complexity of Brazilian education, in short, requires much investment, reorganization of the public policies and language policies.
Uso do transporte coletivo do município de São Carlos (SP) por parte da comunidade universitária da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-04) Trindade, João Vítor Araujo; Hirosue, Fernando Hideki; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4091598921285700; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5835543045188522
In the present work an analysis of the issue of urban mobility by public transportation, focusing on the students of the Federal University of São Carlos, in the city of São Carlos (SP), is carried out. Concepts related to collective transportation and sustainable urban mobility are presented, as well as a theoretical basis on the use of collective transportation by university students and surveys and public transport research. The execution of these surveys through a questionnaire will be essential for the determination of a travel pattern for this group, both in statistical and spatial aspects, with the help of online forms, Geographic Information Systems softwares, and spreadsheets. Due to a better contextualization of the work, a characterization of the municipality of São Carlos in relation to its urban and population evolution and its public urban transport system is carried out. As main results, it was found that collective transportation is the most used mode, followed by automobiles and walking, the latter being more frequently used by those who live near the university. Travel origins are concentrated in some specific neighborhoods of the municipality, which have a good level of access to services and public transportation, or are close to the campus. The users of public transportation to the university (35% of respondents) are, for the most part, undergraduate students, aged between 18 and 23 years and monthly income up to R$1,999.
Cingulados do Quaternário da Gruta da Lapinha, Iramaia, BA. Morfologia, Paleoecologia e Paleopatologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-05) Jesus, Jorge Felipe Moura de; Fernandes, Marcelo Adorna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6709493251686592; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4277988664353633
Xenarthra is one of the major clades of placental mammals; this superorder is subdivided into two orders, Cingulata and Pilosa. Although the cingulates are the oldest recorded xenarthrans and the most diverse group, intraordinal phylogenetic relationships are matter of discussion, especially when fossil species are considered. Recently, studies related to the Phylogeny, Morphology, Ontogeny, Paleopathology and Paleoecology have contibuted to the understanding of these animals that were more diverse taxonomically and morphologically during the Pleistocene and the early Holocene. Two families of herbivore cingulates differed during that time, Pampatheriidae and Glyptodontidae, due to the large size as well as the peculiar feeding habit that was herbivore grazer, in contrast to the living species. In Lapinha Cave, Iramaia, Bahia, Brazil, during an expedition in 2012 and 2014, remains of glyptodonts and pampatheres were found and collected. They are material of study in the present work that aimed: 1) to describe and compare the cingulate specimens from Lapinha Cave; 2) to analyze the developmental stages of the specimens; 3) to analyze the marks found on the osteoderms of the Holmesina specimens; 4) to perform the material dating; 5) to infer the paleoecological implications. Then the results and considerations were: 1) owning to the integrity of pampatheres from Lapinha Cave, new elements of the endoskeleton of this family are described, such as the hyoid apparatus, the complete axial skeleton and the pelvis. One of the results was the total axial length of the specimens (2.2 m), which is less than that that was estimated for other pampatheres. Also, with this work, a new species of Pampatheriidae is described for the Quartenary: Holmesina cryptae sp. nov.; 1.1) Holmesina cryptae and other pampatheres present co-ossifications in the post-cranial axial skeleton that are observed in other cingulates as well. It was also observed that the pampatheres possess the smallest number of lumbar vertebrae (only one) among the cingulates, however, show a number of iliac synsacral vertebrae greater than most xernathrans. 2) the number of vertebrae in these co-ossifications vary according to the developmental stage of these pampatheres; 2.1) Regarding the Glyptodontinae juveniles, when analyzing the material and comparing to which is in the literature is possible to identify them as very young Glyptotherium specimens, and new endoskeletal elements are described. The individuals that present teeth with pyramidal crown are indication of very young specimens that apparently still depended on parental care. 3) The causes of the marks found in Holmesina osteoderms are discussed in this work, and it is concluded that the main causes of the lesions present in various osteoderms of the three individuals analyzed occurred ante mortem and they were caused by ectoparasites as tungids and other dermatites, what is another evidence of this type of interation during the Quaternary in the Brazilian Intertropical Region. 4) By the radiocarbon dating of bioapatite method, the age of circa 21 ka was obtained which coincides with the SALMA Lujanian (Upper Pleistocene) and agrees with relative dating of H. paulacoutoi in Bahia, Brazil and Holmesina, Pampatherium and Tonnicinctus in the South of the continent. 5) The H. cryptae specimens lived in a time with a recurrent dry climate in Northeasern Brazil, possibly they represent declining populations. The search for water may have been the reason why the pampatheres entered in Lapinha Cave. 5.1) Iramaia, as well as the Chapada Diamantina region has a diversity of the species of animals from the Quaternary related to Brazilian Intertropical Region (BIR). The presence of more than one pampatheriid taxon in the same region, H. paulacoutoi, H. cryptae sp. nov. and Pampatherium humboldtii does not necessarily mean that they co-occurred contemporaneously in sympatry; it could represent uncontemporary expansion and contraction of species ranges due to climatic and environmental changes during the late Pleistocene.
Desenvolvimento e Integração de um Sistema de Servidor web Baseado com Arquitetura em Nuvem para Robótica Educacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-07) Kusumota, Victor Luis Pires; Aroca, Rafael Vidal; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9262228584082064; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1781834992652702
Robotics is an attractive and motivating tool for students of any level. Using robots in education can help to arouse students’ interest in many subjects. This work presents the development and implementation of an educational platform for a mobile robot called Cozmo, with several features, including web server for user interface, computer vision, voice recognition, robot trajectory tracking control, among others. Functions for Educational purposes were implemented in the developed system, including mathematical, spelling, directions, and questions functions that gives more flexibility for the teachers to create their own scripts. A cloud voice recognition tool was implemented to improve the interactive system between Cozmo and the users. Also, a cloud computing vision system was used to perform object recognition using Cozmo’s camera to be applied on educational games. Other functions were created to control Cozmo’s motors and expressions to create sophisticated scripts. To run the scripts, an interpreter algorithm was developed to translate the created functions into Cozmo’s programming language. To validate this work, the project was presented to several elementary school teachers (classes with students between 4 and 12) and the results are reported in this work, indicating that the proposed system can be a useful educational tool. Lastly, in order to reduce the project cost, a simpler system was developed that uses a Raspberry PI to give commands to Cozmo, a computer is no longer necessary.
Avaliação de repertórios matemáticos básicos de indivíduos com síndrome de Williams
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-07) Palombarini, Livia dos Santos; Carmo, João dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6385652277991484
Williams syndrome is a genetic disorder marked by the deletion of approximately 25 genes on chromosome 7q11.23. In addition to typical facial features, Williams's syndrome is marked by an asymmetric cognitive profile in which the development of verbal abilities are comparable to typically developing individuals while presenting a large deficit in visuospatial skills. It is hypothesized that visuospatial skills’ deficits account to the poor performance in mathematical tasks reported in individuals with Williams syndrome. Studies suggest that Williams syndrome individuals perform better in mathematical tasks that require the use of verbal skills than those that require the use of visuospatial skills. However, the results are divergent. The presence of anxiety disorders is also common in individuals with Williams syndrome. It is suggested that students with learning difficulties have a greater tendency to develop mathematics anxiety. The current study investigated whether Williams syndrome individuals perform better in mathematical tasks that require the use of verbal skills than in those that require visuoespatial skills. The performance of three individuals with Williams syndrome and six typical developing children aged between seven and 10 years were evaluated in the following mathematical domains: counting, symbolic number magnitude representation, non symbolic number magnitude representation, number transcoding, place value, number line, number fact and problem resolution. To investigate the participants’ conceptions towards mathematics and their level of mathematics anxiety, two scales were applied to obtain the participants’ equivalent receptive vocabulary age. The results corroborate with those reported in the literature and suggest that the performance of individuals with Williams syndrome in tasks requiring the use of verbal skills is slightly better than in tasks requiring the use of nonverbal skills. In general, the mathematical skills of individuals with Williams syndrome resembled those of seven-year-olds. Furthermore, the results indicate that there is no relation between PPVT-R performance and performance in verbal mathematical tasks for these participants. The conceptions and levels of anxiety obtained by the applied scales suggest that individuals with Williams syndrome in this study have no greater tendency to develop mathematics anxiety.