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Cingulados do Quaternário da Gruta da Lapinha, Iramaia, BA. Morfologia, Paleoecologia e Paleopatologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-05)
Jesus, Jorge Felipe Moura de
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Fernandes, Marcelo Adorna
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6709493251686592
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4277988664353633
Xenarthra is one of the major clades of placental mammals; this superorder is subdivided into two orders, Cingulata and Pilosa. Although the cingulates are the oldest recorded xenarthrans and the most diverse group, intraordinal phylogenetic relationships are matter of discussion, especially when fossil species are considered. Recently, studies related to the Phylogeny, Morphology, Ontogeny, Paleopathology and Paleoecology have contibuted to the understanding of these animals that were more diverse taxonomically and morphologically during the Pleistocene and the early Holocene. Two families of herbivore cingulates differed during that time, Pampatheriidae and Glyptodontidae, due to the large size as well as the peculiar feeding habit that was herbivore grazer, in contrast to the living species. In Lapinha Cave, Iramaia, Bahia, Brazil, during an expedition in 2012 and 2014, remains of glyptodonts and pampatheres were found and collected. They are material of study in the present work that aimed: 1) to describe and compare the cingulate specimens from Lapinha Cave; 2) to analyze the developmental stages of the specimens; 3) to analyze the marks found on the osteoderms of the Holmesina specimens; 4) to perform the material dating; 5) to infer the paleoecological implications. Then the results and considerations were: 1) owning to the integrity of pampatheres from Lapinha Cave, new elements of the endoskeleton of this family are described, such as the hyoid apparatus, the complete axial skeleton and the pelvis. One of the results was the total axial length of the specimens (2.2 m), which is less than that that was estimated for other pampatheres. Also, with this work, a new species of Pampatheriidae is described for the Quartenary: Holmesina cryptae sp. nov.; 1.1) Holmesina cryptae and other pampatheres present co-ossifications in the post-cranial axial skeleton that are observed in other cingulates as well. It was also observed that the pampatheres possess the smallest number of lumbar vertebrae (only one) among the cingulates, however, show a number of iliac synsacral vertebrae greater than most xernathrans. 2) the number of vertebrae in these co-ossifications vary according to the developmental stage of these pampatheres; 2.1) Regarding the Glyptodontinae juveniles, when analyzing the material and comparing to which is in the literature is possible to identify them as very young Glyptotherium specimens, and new endoskeletal elements are described. The individuals that present teeth with pyramidal crown are indication of very young specimens that apparently still depended on parental care. 3) The causes of the marks found in Holmesina osteoderms are discussed in this work, and it is concluded that the main causes of the lesions present in various osteoderms of the three individuals analyzed occurred ante mortem and they were caused by ectoparasites as tungids and other dermatites, what is another evidence of this type of interation during the Quaternary in the Brazilian Intertropical Region. 4) By the radiocarbon dating of bioapatite method, the age of circa 21 ka was obtained which coincides with the SALMA Lujanian (Upper Pleistocene) and agrees with relative dating of H. paulacoutoi in Bahia, Brazil and Holmesina, Pampatherium and Tonnicinctus in the South of the continent. 5) The H. cryptae specimens lived in a time with a recurrent dry climate in Northeasern Brazil, possibly they represent declining populations. The search for water may have been the reason why the pampatheres entered in Lapinha Cave. 5.1) Iramaia, as well as the Chapada Diamantina region has a diversity of the species of animals from the Quaternary related to Brazilian Intertropical Region (BIR). The presence of more than one pampatheriid taxon in the same region, H. paulacoutoi, H. cryptae sp. nov. and Pampatherium humboldtii does not necessarily mean that they co-occurred contemporaneously in sympatry; it could represent uncontemporary expansion and contraction of species ranges due to climatic and environmental changes during the late Pleistocene.
Desenvolvimento e Integração de um Sistema de Servidor web Baseado com Arquitetura em Nuvem para Robótica Educacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-07)
Kusumota, Victor Luis Pires
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Aroca, Rafael Vidal
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9262228584082064
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1781834992652702
Robotics is an attractive and motivating tool for students of any level. Using robots in education can help to arouse students’ interest in many subjects. This work presents the development and implementation of an educational platform for a mobile robot called Cozmo, with several features, including web server for user interface, computer vision, voice recognition, robot trajectory tracking control, among others. Functions for Educational purposes were implemented in the developed system, including mathematical, spelling, directions, and questions functions that gives more flexibility for the teachers to create their own scripts. A cloud voice recognition tool was implemented to improve the interactive system between Cozmo and the users. Also, a cloud computing vision system was used to perform object recognition using Cozmo’s camera to be applied on educational games. Other functions were created to control Cozmo’s motors and expressions to create sophisticated scripts. To run the scripts, an interpreter algorithm was developed to translate the created functions into Cozmo’s programming language. To validate this work, the project was presented to several elementary school teachers (classes with students between 4 and 12) and the results are reported in this work, indicating that the proposed system can be a useful educational tool. Lastly, in order to reduce the project cost, a simpler system was developed that uses a Raspberry PI to give commands to Cozmo, a computer is no longer necessary.
Avaliação de repertórios matemáticos básicos de indivíduos com síndrome de Williams
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-07)
Palombarini, Livia dos Santos
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Carmo, João dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1263046410329694
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6385652277991484
Williams syndrome is a genetic disorder marked by the deletion of approximately 25 genes on chromosome 7q11.23. In addition to typical facial features, Williams's syndrome is marked by an asymmetric cognitive profile in which the development of verbal abilities are comparable to typically developing individuals while presenting a large deficit in visuospatial skills. It is hypothesized that visuospatial skills’ deficits account to the poor performance in mathematical tasks reported in individuals with Williams syndrome. Studies suggest that Williams syndrome individuals perform better in mathematical tasks that require the use of verbal skills than those that require the use of visuospatial skills. However, the results are divergent. The presence of anxiety disorders is also common in individuals with Williams syndrome. It is suggested that students with learning difficulties have a greater tendency to develop mathematics anxiety. The current study investigated whether Williams syndrome individuals perform better in mathematical tasks that require the use of verbal skills than in those that require visuoespatial skills. The performance of three individuals with Williams syndrome and six typical developing children aged between seven and 10 years were evaluated in the following mathematical domains: counting, symbolic number magnitude representation, non symbolic number magnitude representation, number transcoding, place value, number line, number fact and problem resolution. To investigate the participants’ conceptions towards mathematics and their level of mathematics anxiety, two scales were applied to obtain the participants’ equivalent receptive vocabulary age. The results corroborate with those reported in the literature and suggest that the performance of individuals with Williams syndrome in tasks requiring the use of verbal skills is slightly better than in tasks requiring the use of nonverbal skills. In general, the mathematical skills of individuals with Williams syndrome resembled those of seven-year-olds. Furthermore, the results indicate that there is no relation between PPVT-R performance and performance in verbal mathematical tasks for these participants. The conceptions and levels of anxiety obtained by the applied scales suggest that individuals with Williams syndrome in this study have no greater tendency to develop mathematics anxiety.
Homoparentalidade na literatura infantil: a visibilidade das novas famílias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-10)
Dutra, Cassio Casteli
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Infante, Joyce Rodrigues Ferraz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7590751343091510
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8981880804247557
This study aims to understand and characterize how homoparenting families are represented in children’s books. This topic was chosen because it is believed that literary works that discuss homoparenting are important to society, as they help prevent the naturalization and perpetuation of prejudice and discrimination. At the same time, visibility is brought to the family types that for a long time did not feel represented in any way in our society. After taking a course on the subject at University of Aveiro and an extensive search for books that include same-sex parenting representation, five works were selected—two of them published in Portugal, and three of them published in Brazil—which allowed an understanding of how same-sex parenting is portrayed in children’s books, the similarities and differences between the Brazilian and the Portuguese publications, and if and how discrimination is presented. The results show that the works do not emphasize homosexuality itself, but rather the love and the affection in those families. The stories in these books also bring those normal family aspects to normality in a society that is still plagued by prejudice towards these families. Even though the number of published books that portray same-sex parenting in Brazil and Portugal is not satisfactory, it is expected that this work contributes to fostering more publications and research in the area.
Single, multi- and many-objective meta-heuristic algorithms applied to pattern recognition
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-10)
Rodrigues, Douglas
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Papa, João Paulo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9039182932747194
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2937000202876761
In the last few years, metaheuristic algorithms have been used for solving several problems in engineering, biology, physics, among others, since many of them can be modeled as being optimization tasks. Metaheuristic methods simulate social dynamics and physical phenomena such as the interaction among bats, some species of birds, insects or even gravitational force. Although these metaheuristic techniques are commonly applied to solve single-objective problems, they are also being used to solve multi- and many-objective problems, where the idea of a single global optimal solution is replaced by the concept of Pareto-front. In computer vision and pattern recognition areas, little effort has been dedicated to multi-objective optimization using metaheuristics. As such, this thesis aims at studying and developing new mono, multi- and many-objective versions of metaheuristic techniques in the context of machine learning, which include, among other areas, feature combination and selection, parameter optimization of machine learning techniques and deep learning.
Los Ríos Profundos: polifonia musical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-10)
Andrade, Rodrigo Caravage de
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Infante, Joyce Rodrigues Ferraz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7590751343091510
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4455173182259956
The aim of this Course Conclusion Work is to demonstrate how in Los Ríos Profundos, by José María Arguedas, music develops throughout the work. Through music, “huyanos”, Ernesto, the protagonist, will understand the Inca world and, with that, the culture of the indigenous peoples of the region. Orality and music are the natural elements during the work, present in rivers, mountains, insects and winds. Ernesto's journey to get to know the Andean culture and, thus, to understand himself belonging to it, goes through the interaction of the indigenous people of the mountainous region of Peru. The construction of an indigenous identity for Ernesto during the work, without denying the influence of Spanish colonization, works on two distinct cultures (Inca and Western / Christian) and thus creates a harmonious society. Arguedas will demonstrate a possible way out of the dialogue between these two cultures, without the repression and the imposition of a certain Peruvian socioeconomic layer on another.
Impactos da manufatura aditiva no modelo de negócio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-10)
Franco, Denise
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Ganga, Gilberto Miller Devós
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9062191157466610
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4697276863232478
A change in consumption has impacted the industrial production, which currently tends to a low volume of production of customized products. Stay competitive in the face of these Fourth Industrial Revolution trends, companies have been looking for new manufacturing techniques to equip themselves with the tools needed for greater flexibility and economic output. Additive Manufacturing can be considered as such technique and has become one of the major disruption phenomena that will impact companies. The greatest breakthrough potential of this technology lies clearly in industrial applications and how they will influence the business model. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the impacts of AM in the business model Canvas. Motivations and limitations for the AM implementation were also investigated. For this, a systematic literature review together with a specialist’s panel, a multiple case study and professionals’ interviews were carried out with the purpose of refining and testing the theory. Thus, the research sought a balance between the explanation of literature and practice. With the results of the research the AM impacts on business model, and its motivations and limitations were identified. Finally, research propositions were suggested. It has been empirically proven that the AM adoption leads to increased democratization of production, intensified information flow, increased environmental impact, and negative impact on workers' health and safety. In addition, the novelty for the literature is that the AM makes the production process more complex and leads to the company's culture change. The limitations for the AM adoption unpublished for the literature were wrong image of the technology and lack of willingness to test.
Otimização do sequenciamento de atividades de manutenção de aeronaves com abordagens de programação de projetos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-11)
Pileggi, Mateus de Oliveira
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4194801952934254
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4868626632492231
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Morabito, Reinaldo
The present work analyses the aircraft maintenance activities scheduling that can be seen as a production scheduling problem. The work is developed with the collaboration of a mid-size maintenance center located in Brazil that maintains a fleet of dozens of aircrafts. The case study aims to develop, propose and apply two optimization models that appropriately represents the problem using project scheduling methods. These methods are based in the Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problems, already explored in other industrial settings. The aim is to contribute to enhance the aircraft maintenance activities scheduling and analyze the efficiency of the proposed models to solve the problem. Computational results obtained from the model application to real instances of the case study are presented and analyzed, showing the potential of this kind of approach to represent and optimize the aircraft maintenance. The results show that both models have the potential for practical application, each one with its objective function characteristics, achieving better results when compared to the case study practice.
Desenvolvimento de sensores impressos e descartáveis para a detecção de compostos de importância ambiental e biológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-11)
Andreotti, Isabela Aparecida de Araujo
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Janegitz, Bruno Campos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7746094938977989
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9446453525763089
Disposable electrochemical sensors have attracted the attention of the scientific community given its advantages, such as large-scale production with relatively low cost and reduced sample volume. In this context, the technique of printed electrodes has been widely used in electroanalytical for the development of new sensing platforms and in the improvement of their performances. With the objective of developing disposable sensors with low relative cost, through the printing technique, two conductive inks were developed: one from nail polish (NP) for nails and graphite (GP) and another paint from stained glass varnish (GV) and graphite. As a substrate of the sensor, we used PET from bottles of drinks that would be discarded. After the development of the conductive ink, the morphological and electrochemical characterization of GP-NP / PET and GP-GV / PET devices were performed. To verify the functionality of the sensors, hydroquinone (HQ), serotonin (5-HT), epinephrine (EP) and estriol (E3) were chosen as analytes. The scanning electron microscopy characterization of GP-NP / PET and GP-GV / PET revealed that the inks have a homogeneous, rough and porous surface, characteristics that help increase the surface area of the working electrode. Using the square-wave voltammetry technique, the GP-NP / PET sensor presented a linear response in the concentration range of 5.0 × 10−6 to 1.0 × 10−4 mol L−1 with a detection limit of 1.2 × 10−8 mol L−1 for HQ, 5,0 × 10−5 to 1,0 × 10−4 mol L−1 with a detection limit of 3,1 × 10−7 mol L−1 for 5-HT and 1.0 × 10−7 to 5.0 × 10−5 mol L−1 with a detection limit of 1 × 10−7 mol L−1 for EP. For the GP-GV/PET device, 1.0 × 10−7 at 8.0 × 10−6 mol L−1 to was obtained with a detection limit of 1 × 10−8 mol L−1 for E3. The devices detected the analytes in environmental, pharmaceutical and biological samples. In this way, the inks developed are interesting for the application in disposable sensors, given their characteristics as homogeneity while liquid, and physical stability after drying, not breaking, following the flexibility of the substrate.
Instrumento para mensurar privacidade em ambientes IoT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-11)
Lopes, Bruno
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Zorzo, Sérgio Donizetti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523715806470871
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3583757032047884
The Internet of Things (IoT) connects devices that are commonly used in people's daily lives - such as cell phones, televisions, coffee makers, refrigerators, beds, sensors, and more - so that they automatically communicate over a network. Generic, impersonal information exchange between devices can occasionally lead to privacy issues, such as making personal information available to applications when using them. Since it retains a concept that involves various dimensions of data considered private, such as body, behavioral, communication and personal. To measure privacy in IoT environments, this paper presents the design of an instrument, called the Internet of Things Privacy Concerns (IoTPC), which is capable of reflecting users' concerns about privacy in an IoT environment. The IoTPC instrument consists of 17 items obtained through an analysis of the privacy measurement instruments available in the current literature, which include users' opinion on how devices collect, process and make their personal information available in specific IoT scenarios. . The validation of the IoTPC was performed from the analysis of the results of a sample of 61 participants, considering the dimensions of IoT requests, decision power and caution, through exploratory factor analysis. IoTPC subsidized the construction of an inference module in a privacy negotiation mechanism for IoT systems. This module performs an inference based on IoTPC items and IoT scenarios through machine learning algorithms, which have been trained and tested with the privacy preferences derived from the IoTPC instrument. The results of the learning process of the inference module obtained an accuracy of 79.20%, concluding that the instrument can be employed by a privacy negotiation mechanism.
Dor crônica e desempenho cognitivo em idosos cuidadores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-11)
Terassi, Marielli
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Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081
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Hortense, Priscilla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7153278628783234
In recent years, an increasing number of elderly people who care for another elderly person in the same household have been observed. This elderly person may be more susceptible to increased stress, overload and chronic pain. Pain can negatively influence social, psychological and cognitive variables, and some studies describe a worse cognitive performance in individuals with chronic pain, but the studies in the literature are still controversial. Thus, this thesis aimed to: 1) Compare the performance and cognitive processing of elderly caregivers and non-caregivers with and without chronic pain. 2) Verify the relationship of cognitive performance and chronic pain over time in elderly caregivers and the factors associated with this cognitive decline. In order to achieve the objectives, two studies were performed. In the first study, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 149 elderly individuals divided into four groups matched for gender, age and education. The groups were divided into: elderly caregivers with chronic pain, elderly caregivers with absence of pain, elderly caregivers with chronic pain and elderly caregivers with absence of pain. In order to verify the intensity of the pain, the numerical scale of pain was used and for the evaluation of cognition the Brief Cognitive Screening Battery (BRRC), the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE_R) and the cognitive processing through the evoked potential (P300). Significant statistical differences between participants with and without chronic pain were found in the attention / orientation domains, visuospatial abilities and total score of the ACER instrument. In the BBRC the differences were found in the painless group between caregivers and non-caregivers, with better results in the caregiver group. There was no effect between subjects or interaction (care and pain) on P300 amplitude and latency. The second article was a longitudinal study, conducted with 104 elderly caregivers between the years 2014 and 2018. Participants were divided into two groups: with chronic pain and absence of pain. All comparisons were adjusted for gender, age, number of medications, number of comorbidities, hours of care, depression and stress. For data analysis, a mixed linear model and ANCOVA with a significance level of 5% were used. Cognitive decline was observed over four years in the elderly with chronic pain in the memory domains (p = <0.01; 95% CI = 0.75-2.84) and in the total score of the ACE-R instrument (p = 0.02; 95% CI = 0.32-4.25) in relation to the elderly without pain, however, no associated factor was identified in this decline. Despite intragroup changes, there was no evidence that the pain group achieved a significant change from the pain-free group. Regarding the group with chronic pain, it was not possible to verify an association between pain intensity and cognitive performance. In conclusion, the results showed that the elderly caregivers with chronic pain presented worse cognitive performance over four years in the total score of the ACER instrument and in the memory domain, but there was no difference between groups in cognitive performance.
Evolução cromossômica e diversidade genética em espécies de peixes da família Arapaimidae (Teleostei: Osteoglossiformes)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-12)
Oliveira, Ezequiel Aguiar de
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Cioffi, Marcelo de Bello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0242034365085727
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3035501906153908
The Neotropical region exhibits the largest diversity of freshwater fishes in the world and the demographic history of several taxa is related to the geomorphological and climatic history of this region. Among the Osteoglossiformes, the Arapaimidae family is represented by only two genera, with a South American representative Arapaima and another African Heterotis, an important ichthyological group that still has lacked genetic and cytogenetic studies. Therefore, the present work with the use of advanced population genomics tools, selection of demographic models by machine learning, conventional and molecular cytogenetics analysis, aimed at developing a broad understanding of the chromosomal, molecular and phylogeographic diversity of these species. We aimed to better clarify the evolutionary events that shaped the demographic history of this fish group. For that, South American and African representatives of Arapaimidae, namely Arapaima (four natural populations of the Am basin, three of the To-Ar basin and three fish farms) and Heterotis niloticus (a population of the Oluwa River in Nigeria) were examined. The species differed significantly by means of diploid chromosome numbers, with 2n = 56 found in Arapaima and 2n = 40 exhibited by H. niloticus. However, these species presented some general tendencies shared by other Osteoglossiformes analyzed so far, regarding the presence of only one pair of chromosomes bearing 18S and 5S rDNA sites and karyotypes dominated by acrocentric-submetacentric chromosomes, thus corresponding to hypothetical karyotype patterns ancestral to teleosts. In addition, their genomes showed remarkable divergence in terms of repetitive DNA content and distribution as revealed by Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH). On the other hand, genomic diversity of single-copy sequences (SNPs), retrieved through principal component analysis (PCA), based on alleles obtained by the DArTseq procedure, demonstrated a very low genetic distance between these genera. These data provided a clear view of the genetic diversity between African and South American Arapaimidae species and were highly consistent with the chromosomal, geographic and historical data, helping to understand its evolutionary diversification. Concerning the investigations of the genus Arapaima in South America, we observed a higher general level of genetic diversity in the Am populations when compared to the one observed in the To-Ar basin. In addition, a high genetic differentiation between the populations of the different basins was observed. By including samples of fish farming, the most likely ancestry of the used breeding herds was revealed, raising concerns about the use of broodstocks outside the distribution of their genetic grouping. No significant chromosome differentiations in the karyotypic structure and repetitive DNA compositions among the studied Arapaima populations was observed. Although the main routes for Arapaima colonization in South America are still unclear, the model selection from convolutional neural networks (CNN) applied to our empirical data indicated a scenario in which the Am basin was the first to be colonized, followed by the To-Ar one. Other studies should focus on a wider historical biogeographic reconstruction of the order Osteoglossiformes, which may potentially explain its relationship with the Gondwana break-up and the presence of this taxon in South America.
Anitta ou Larissa? Da Poderosa à Malandra: Performatividades e Identidades que promovem o empoderamento feminino no funk brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-12)
Cardeal, Fernanda Rebeca de
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Míguez, Antón Castro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6829358449068280
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1496316750793018
La investigación propone reflexiones acerca del funcionamiento del lenguaje en relación a los discursos de empoderamiento femenino encontrados en las performatividades de la cantante e intérprete Anitta, así como las varias identidades sociales que la integran como sujeto político en la sociedad brasileña. Al representar el estilo Funk – género musical contemporáneo – la artista presenta interpelación política y social relevante para los estudios de teorías feministas y de empoderamiento. A partir de un análisis documental asistido por estudios de performatividad e identidad, la investigación presenta aproximaciones para reflexiones de análisis de los objetos seleccionados, compuesto por dos performatividades de Anitta: “Show de las Poderosas” y “Vai Malandra”, bajo la perspectiva del lugar de habla, del empoderamiento y del feminismo. A partir de las discusiones propuestas a lo largo de la investigación, busco resultados teórico-reflexivos significativos, pues considero los objetos de investigación empíricamente contemporáneos y transgresores.
Dinâmica de EDP parabólicas locais ou não locais: existência, unicidade e comportamento assintótico de solução
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-12)
Luna, Tito Luciano Mamani
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Madeira, Gustavo Ferron
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1540196066117667
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9286342294400168
This work is dedicated to the study of dynamical properties of some partial differential equations (PDE, for short) of parabolic type, local or nonlocal ones. We prove existence, uniqueness and establish the asymptotic behavior, for large times, for two classes of PDE. Namely, a (nonlocal) parabolic equation with a Kirchhoff term and flux boundary condition and two parabolic PDE driven by the p-Laplacian with logistic terms involving potentials and weights which may be indefi nite and unbounded. First we prove existence and continuous dependence on data for the PDE with Kirchhoff term using Faedo-Galerkin method and a suitable change of variables. Some sufficient conditions are given to ensure uniqueness of solution. Concerning asymptotic behavior, we show that the omega limit set of each (semi) orbit contains, at least, one stationary solution. We then study stability of local minima of the associated energy functional showing first a result on asymptotic stability of a global minimum for the energy. We also prove a sufficient condition for the existence of isolated local minimum of the energy functional, which is proved to be an asymptotically stable stationary solution in a suitable neighborhood. Finally we determine the dynamics of positive solutions with bounded initial datum for two classes of parabolic PDE driven by the p-Laplacian with indefi nite and unbounded potentials and logistic sources having weights which are also indefi nite and unbounded. The boundary conditions appearing are also of flux type (linear or nonlinear). The asymptotic stability properties of the stationary solutions are described using principal eigenvalues of some elliptic eigenvalue problems involving a parameter of the original PDE. Those eigenvalue problems are also studied herein in order to be used as a tool for obtaining our results due to the low regularity assumptions on their coeficients from the viewpoint of the literature.
Crescimento de seis espécies madeireiras nativas da mata atlântica sob diferentes intensidades de luz
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-12)
Barros, André Junqueira
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Loiola, Priscilla de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691455603546958
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Viani, Ricardo Augusto Gorne
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250752369062840
The history of degradation has generated millions of hectares that demand forest restoration by landowners in the Atlantic Rain Forest and other tropical regions of the world. However, the high cost of the projects inhibits large-scale forest restoration and one way to overcome this barrier is the develop of restoration models that foresee timber production. The objective of this work was to evaluate the development of six native species of the Atlantic Rain Forest that have potential to produce timber (Anadenanthera colubrina, Balfourodendron ridelianum, Cordia trichotoma, Astronium graveolens, Cariniana legalis e Parapiptadenia rigida), planted in a forest restoration area of five years, in Araras-SP, under different intensities of light. We expected that the increase in light availability would lead to higher growth of timber species. The treatments consisted of chemical thinning (standing death) of 0, 30, 60 and 100% of the basal area of the covering trees. In 20 plots of 600 m² each, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and canopy opening were used to validate the chemical thinning technique and to relate them to each other and with silvicultural attributes (height, diameter and stem quality) of individuals under different intensities of light. The height, diameter at the soil level and stem quality of 1.000 individuals were sampled before and one year after treatments, to analyze growth in a shaded environment and relative growth rate after thinning, and the infestation of invasive grasses and ruderal species under different levels of light. The chemical thinning created light treatments, and the canopy opening, and PAR sampling methods showed a positive correlation. The growth of the evaluated species was slow in a shaded environment, with a positive result for C. legalis and negative for B. riedelianum. The levels of thinning affected the relative growth in trunk diameter of the species and, individually, C. legalis and C. tricochoma presented differences for relative growth rate in height and diameter, and B. riedelianum for diameter, due to the levels of thinning and PAR. The thinning provides greater light input in the understory and this may favor the growth of some species, without influencing others. Therefore, the decision to use practices to increase light levels in the understory of forest restoration plantations is species dependent.
A construção da criticidade na perspectiva do letramento. Reflexões a partir da análise de uma experiência em sala de aula
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-12)
Martarello, Paulo Francisco
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Míguez, Antón Castro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6829358449068280
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0592-7270
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar cómo se construye la criticidad desde la perspectiva de la literacidad, en el contexto del aula (de lengua extranjera), a partir de reflexiones producidas acerca de mi experiencia como profesor en formación y en período de prácticas. Para ello, desarrollo una investigación de carácter narrativo, según lo que propone Vera Menezes (2006), en que analizo mis registros (planes de clases, diarios reflexivos y registros personales) durante el período de prácticas obligatorias de la carrera de Licenciatura en Letras, ocasión en que pude ofrecer un curso de corta duración de lengua española a adolescentes de una escuela pública. Los análisis emprendidos y las reflexiones construidas señalan la importancia de que el educador (en el ámbito de la educación lingüística) piense sus acciones pedagógicas involucradas a una agenda de combate a las desigualdades y de promoción de una ciudadanía crítica, plena y solidaria, comprometidas con el desarrollo de la autonomía y la criticidad de los estudiantes.
Análise de metais potencialmente tóxicos em ambientes aquáticos (Da Água e dos insetos da ordem Odonata) para biomonitoramento ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-12)
Ribeiro, Simone Maria
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Toppa, Rogério Hartung
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0673898572494729
;
Oliveira, Luciana Camargo de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6238603150964753
Potentially toxic metals are among the most common contaminants in waters and their origin may be both natural and anthropogenic. As soon as they come into contact with the aquatic ecosystem, the metals can be transported to the various compartments of the environment, such as soil, sediment, plants and animals, and may become bioaccumulative. With the increase of activities of anthropic origin and the degradation of water resources, biomonitoring becomes an effective way to expose various types of stress that may occur in the environment, serving as an alarm for declines in the quality of the environment and populations. With the determination of the adverse effects of the presence of contaminants in water bodies, it is becoming increasingly important to indicate environmental disturbances from possible contaminating sources such as agriculture. The objective of this study was to determine the levels of Zn2+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Co2+, Pb2+, Cr2+, Mn2+, Al3+ in the water and larvae of the order Odonata in dams 1 and 2, related to the conventional and organic planting of a plantation orange. The collected samples were previously digested and subjected to the analysis of determination of the potentially toxic metals using the atomic emission spectrometry equipment with microwave plasma (MP-AES). The water samples indicated for some metals a concentration above the limit allowed by CONAMA Resolution n° 357/2005, in the following order Cu2+> Pb2+> Mn2+ in both dams near conventional and organic cultivation. Cr ions were observed only in dam 1 (close to conventional planting) and Al ions in dam 2 (close to organic planting). In the Odonata larvae, the presence of metals Zn2+> Cu2+> Pb2+> Mn2+ was observed in both dams close to conventional and organic cultivation. All other metals were found in dams and larvae, even in small concentrations. It is concluded that the insects of the order Odonata absorb considerable concentrations of metals in the organism, the metals found in the Odonata resemble the metals found in the water, and it can be reinforced the concept that the Odonata are important indicators to monitor contaminations of metals in agricultural areas.
Detecção de invasões biológicas no cerrado utilizando deep learning
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-18)
Santos, Igor Araujo Dias
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Vivaldini, Kelen Cristiane Teixeira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5245409138233148
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5202609356103130
The Cerrado represents an important reserve of natural resources, with biodiversity representativity worldwide. On the other hand, biological invasions can threaten the balance and put in risk local species, in this way making it urgent to elaborate technological resources that may cooperate in the natural preservation and conservation process. The present study intends to use images from visual spectrum areas (RGB) collected by an UAV for autonomous detection of biological invasions in Cerrado, adopting techniques from Deep Learning. For getting the images, the UAV (Quadcopter) and the attached RGB sensor were chosen from their greatest accessibility and resulting reproducibility. The Convolutional AutoEncoder (CAE) and U-Net networks were adopted for being widely used in Dataset with a few samples, because of its capacity of generalizing, despite having few examples for the training. Therefore, an original Dataset was created from the study area using manual delineation and later the same basis was broadened with Data Augmentation technique. For analyzing the unchanged database, the Convolutional AutoEncoder network overcome the U-net one with an 88% F-score against 84%. With the second DataSet with Data Augmentation, the results were even better, with an 93% CAE F-score, compared with 84% from U-net and superior Precision on both scenarios (85.4% CAE and 82% U-net for original DataSet and 93% CAE and 84% with Data Augmentation). Those differences are relevant because of the necessity of precision in the results to correctly direct teams on their search tasks for biological invasions through the wide Cerrado territory. It also emphasizes CAE characteristics considering its smallest size, with a small number of layers and neurons, and with higher metrics for this application. Thus, it was possible to note that the predictive model generated by AutoEncoder Network can be used efficiently, with great potential for other databases. Finally, it is concluded that this paper represents the Machine Learning progress and its capacity of assisting daily life, expanding the possibilities of future works.
Produção e caracterizações de superfícies antimicrobianas e bioativas sobre titânio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-19)
Zaniolo, Karina Marchi
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Biaggio, Sonia Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0418215244233120
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6389222837865300
Titanium (Ti), being biocompatible and presenting chemical stability and good mechanical properties, is the most used material for manufacturing dental implants. However, implants present a high number of failures mainly due to bacterial infections and aseptic loosening. Infections can be prevented by the addition of antimicrobial agents to the surface of these implants and the formation of a bioactive surface accelerates the osseointegration process preventing loosening. In this context, the aim of this work was to modify the Ti surface so as to promote an early osseointegration and to provide antimicrobial activity. Thus, porous and bioactive surfaces of titanium oxide were produced on titanium by the insertion of calcium and phosphorus ions by the micro-arc oxidation technique. Afterwards, silver was deposited (via electroplating or by dripping a colloidal silver nanoparticle solution - NpAg) on this surface (Ti/TiO2) to provide antimicrobial activity. In addition, to minimize the cellular toxicity of silver, these surfaces were coated with the poly(lactic acid) polymer (PLA). The NpAg were synthesized by a reproducible method and characterized by UV-Vis, MET, DLS spectroscopy and zeta-potential measurements. On the other hand, the surfaces of Ti (polished, anodized, anodized/Ag and anodized/Ag/PLA) were characterized by SEM, EDS and XRD. These surfaces exhibited antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, good biocompatibility with pre-osteoblasts in cell-viability tests, extracellular matrix mineralization, and cell adhesion and proliferation. Furthermore, the PLA coating was effective for the controlled release of Ag in PBS medium. The various surfaces produced in this work are promising for use as implants and may be especially useful in patients who have periodontal disease, or who have poor bone stock that requires greater stimulation for osteogenesis.
Efeitos da fotobiomodulação, do exercício e da lesão muscular num modelo experimental de recuperação alimentar pós desnutrição em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-22)
Pezolato, Vitor Alexandre
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Silva, Carlos Alberto da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4175556325372922
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Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527703735628408
Protein malnutrition has negative short- and long-term effects on the functioning of the most varied tissues. In this way, the present study focused on the evaluation of the biochemical, tissue and nutritional parameters, adaptive capacity and maintenance of aerobic training loads, metabolic response to physical exercise, muscular tensile strength, being these characteristics associated or not with the laser therapy, both in animals that underwent the process of protein malnutrition and nutritional recovery, as in animals that were fed a normoprotein diet. For this purpose, Wistar rats, weaned on the 21st day of life, were randomly divided into 10 groups, so-called: control (C), trained control (CT), trained and injured control (CTL), trained and irradiated control (CTLa), trained and irradiated trained control (CTLLa), recovered malnourished (DR) trained recovered malnourished (DRT), recovered and injured malnourished (DRTL), trained and irradiated recovered malnourished (DRTLa), trained injured and irradiated recovered malnourished (DRTLLa). Statistical analysis was performed by the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, followed by intra and intra-group comparisons, for which two-way ANOVA was used for multiple comparisons, followed by the Sidak test for parametric data, for non-parametric data the Kruskal-Wallis test was performed followed by the Dunn test, considering the critical value of p <0.05 for statistical significance. The condition of protein malnutrition when delineated in the early and critical stages of development may lead to changes in biological markers, which can be recovered with the normoprotein diet, but as deformation of muscle tissue, cardiac electrical conduction and blood parameters may not be recovered. Still, the photobiomodulation seems to favor the energetic condition in the physical exercise, such as improving muscular tensile strength and increasing glycogen reserves and may be a good instrument to be used for performance improvement, as well as for injury prevention and recovery.