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Produção de proteína recombinante a de superfície de pneumococo em escherichia coli: análise econômica e influência da plataforma de expressão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-24)
Cardoso, Valdemir Moretto
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Zangirolami, Teresa Cristina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4546701843297248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3531783325262501
Streptococcus pneumoniae diseases represent a widespread public health. Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), which is recognized as one of the main virulence factors of this bacterium, has gained relevance in coverage and protection when used as part of conjugated vaccines or antigenic subunits. To a large scale offer, PspA may be produced by Gram-negative bacteria genetically modified as Escherichia coli. Nevertheless, E. coli strains, which are commonly used as expression platforms of recombinant proteins, produce lipopolysaccharides (LPS), an endotoxin that can cause adverse reactions whether it is present in vaccine compositions. This fact may demand additional steps during protein purification and contribute to increase process cost of this vaccine production. In 2013, a new E. coli BL21(DE3) strain (ClearColi®) has been commercially available. This strain synthesizes a genetically modified LPS, which is endotoxin-free. However, PspA production in such organisms has not been assessed yet and the impact of different strategies of cultivation and economical process implications are not known. Then, the present work had as objective to evaluate PspA4Pro process production using ClearColi® and conventional E. coli BL21(DE3) cells harboring the plasmid pET37b(+)/pspA4Pro as expression platforms to PspA4Pro, an untagged fragment of PspA with immunogenic potential. The best conditions of temperature, induction and complex medium composition evidenced in shaker flasks were evaluated in bioreactor during batch and fed-batch modes in order to intensify PspA4Pro production. Bioreactor cultivations using defined medium were performed for comparisons. Studies involving conventional E. coli BL21(DE3) focused mainly on evaluating an ordinary extract from soy supplement for human consumption as alternative nitrogen source in shaker and bioreactor (31 °C, autoinduction with lactose) assays. In order to assess the impact of different process conditions on component, energy and gases expenses, it was developed and applied an economic analysis from 9 bioreactors cultivations using conventional E. coli (in which were compared defined and complex media, lactose and IPTG as inducers and temperatures from 27 to 37 °C) and cultivations using ClearColi® (five) in different media, IPTG concentrations and operation modes (batch and fed-batch). Into the studied conditions, the economic results demonstrated that PspA4Pro production in simple batches may be more cost-effective than fed-batches, despite the latter have presented higher recombinant protein titers and productivities. Economic results based on conventional cell experiments showed that using IPTG as inducer in a higher scale was more viable, while lower costs were obtained in cultivations at 32 °C using defined medium, even though peptone (or alternative nitrogen sources) prices below US$ 30.00/kg turn the complex medium the best choice. Although PspA-biomass bioreactor yield using ClearColi® (173±21 mgPspA/gDCM at 32 °C with complex medium and induced by IPTG 0.70 mM) was the same order of the best values as conventional cultivations, the ClearColi® protein direct costs were the highest ones under similar production strategies. Endotoxin-free E. coli strain is scalable and promising as an expression platform of recombinant proteins.
Tecnologias na atenção primária à saúde: a atuação de enfermeiras na perspectiva do empoderamento social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-25)
Ordoñez, Lina Karina Bernal
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Arantes, Cássia Irene Spinelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4246837549578145
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3204211395230599
This thesis has as a general objective to analyze the work process of nurses in Primary Health Care (PHC) in the development of technologies for the empowerment of users and health teams. It is a qualitative and exploratory research, in a case study modality, carried out with nurses from a small municipality in the state of São Paulo. To produce two empirical data, the following strategies were used: semi-structured interview, systematic observation and field diary recording. Was conducted 09 interviews, one with a nurse responsible for the coordination of the PHC of the municipality and 08 with nurses from family health units. Systematic observation of the work process of three nurses selected from the interviews was carried out. The information obtained from the observation was recorded in the field diary and completed the production of two research data. The given forums are analyzed in light of two principles of Social Empowerment anchored in liberating education and concepts related to the organization of the Process of Work in Health. To characterize the work process of PHC nurses, it was used as a tool for the construction of an analyzing flowchart. For general analysis, two data were used as reference for content analysis, in thematic modality. The results show a superficiality in the understanding of empowerment by nurses, instead of conceiving empowerment as giving voice to the PHC team and users. The flowcharts will allow a description of the activities carried out by nurses in PHC and will show the dynamics of the work process and differences in the productive process of each nurse: one in which live work is predominant and others in which dead work prevails. An analysis of the content of its origin in three categories: technologies with potential for the empowerment of users; technology with the potential for the empowerment of the health team and technology with the potential for the empowerment of nurses. The results showed the possibility of using various technologies with potential for social empowerment in PHC, even if their realization is conditioned by political and social determinants.
Histórias da terapia ocupacional na América Latina: processos de criação dos primeiros programas de formação profissional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-25)
Monzeli, Gustavo Artur
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Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0110941841939417
The thesis formulated here is based on questions about the reasons for the emergence or implantation of occupational therapy in Latin America and how the stories involving such processes are reduced to the reproduction of the history of the United States of America as if their reasons and contexts had been the same. The assumption that guided us was the search for the specific reasons in the different countries of the continent, in the Latin American. The general objective was to investigate the historical processes of creation of the first educational program in occupational therapy in each of the 14 countries that are members of the Latin American Confederation of Occupational Therapists. For this, the data presented here and discussed were constructed in four main stages: 1) design of the countries participating in the research; 2) identification of the participants, with the use of questionnaires and interviews; 3) search of historical records and scientific productions on the history of occupational therapy in each country; 4) analysis of the data produced by the questionnaires, interviews and historical records. The results of this thesis are evident in the discussion of historical pathways, from the creation of occupational therapy in the United States at the beginning of the 20th century, to the analysis of the main historical antecedents that provided the creation of the first professional training programs in Latin America countries from the 1950s onwards. The data analysis was proposed in eight dimensions: 1) the replication of educational programs models influenced by rehabilitation prospects of the Northern countries; 2) the formation of programs subordinated to medical logic; 3) the public for the educational programs composed mainly of women from urban elites to carry out social and humanitarian aid work; 4) the influence of World Federation of Occupational Therapy in determining guidelines for the curricula of new training programs; 5) international cooperation projects for the development of Latin America, mainly carried out by international organizations such as the UN, WHO, PAHO and ILO, which have contributed to the creation of standardized responses to the demands of rehabilitation; 6) regional cooperation, also mediated by international cooperation agencies, offering assistance for the graduation of professionals from other Latin American countries; 7) the professors of these first programs are, besides medics and occupational therapists from other countries, newly graduated occupational therapists, almost always from the training programs themselves; 8) the relation between the creation of the first educational programs and the political, economic and social situation in each country, which in some cases causes educational programs to to be boosted or receives little investment, mainly by the interest of States in developing, or not, strategies of care for the subjects and groups, in general, non-priority. The main conclusions allow us to point to the analysis of occupational therapy, at least in the scope of educational programs, as a product of the articulation between nation-states, by the logic of capital articulated to Coloniality.
Sacarificação e isomerização simultâneas de dextrina na produção de xarope de frutose por ação sinérgica de CLEAs magnéticos de amiloglicosidase e Sweetzyme®
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-25)
Fonseca, Murilo Amaral
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Tardioli, Paulo Waldir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0808991927126468
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2679414675992573
High fructose syrup is a sweetener widely used as a substitute for sucrose by the food and beverage industry. It has many advantages such as relative sweetness superior to sucrose, high solubility, crystallization resistance and humectant action. Its current industrial production is by enzymatic route basically occurring in three processes: liquefaction, saccharification and isomerization, by the action of the enzymes α-amylase, amyloglucosidase (AMG) and glucose isomerase (GI), respectively. Due to the fact that these enzymes are conducted under different conditions, all three processes are sequential, requiring time, equipment, and reagents for pH adjustment. Moreover, the enzymes α-amylase and amyloglucosidase are applied in a soluble form, limiting their use to batch operations. Due to its considerable industrial interest, glucose isomerase is marketed in its immobilized form. In the search for alternatives to increase productivity and efficiency of processes with lower operating costs, the aim of this research is to study the application of a simultaneous saccharification and isomerization process that could be operated repeatedly, reusing the biocatalysts employed. In order to develop this simultaneous multi-enzymatic process, initially it would be necessary to immobilize the AMG in order to make it insoluble and operationally more stable. The preparation of cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEA) is a simple, cost-effective and carrier-free technique capable of generating insoluble biocatalysts with high volumetric activity and improved stability. Its preparation consists of enzyme aggregation by precipitation and its subsequent cross-linking with a bifunctional agent. In this study, the CLEAs of AMG were prepared co-aggregated in the presence of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and/or starch, with aminated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) or bovine serum albumin (BSA), in order to improve the properties of the catalyst. The CLEAs prepared only with MNPs at different glutaraldehyde concentrations yielded a recovered activity of around 20%. The addition of starch or PEI increased the recovered activity around twofold (40%). Moreover, under the same conditions, AMG co-aggregated with BSA was also synthesized, yielding CLEAs with very similar recovered activity. Both CLEAs (co-aggregated with MNPs or BSA) were four times more stable than the soluble enzyme. These CLEAs were also evaluated in the hydrolysis of starch at 35% (w/v), achieving more than 95% starch-to-glucose conversion measured as Dextrose Equivalent (DE). Besides, both CLEAs could be reused for five cycles maintaining a DE of around 90%. Although both CLEAs had good properties, magnetic CLEAs could be more attractive because of their easy separation by an external magnetic field. Having the immobilized biocatalysts (AMG CLEA and GI) it was possible to work in a wider operational window, allowing the application of a factorial design with a central composite rotatable design, which was able to define an optimum pH and process temperature condition, as well as the best relation between the two enzymes. Simultaneous saccharification and isomerization from a dextrin solution 35% (w/v) reached a DE above 95%, with conversion yields around 48% of fructose at the end of 30 h of reaction. In addition, the catalysts could be reused for six consecutive cycles, maintaining conversion yields around 47% of fructose without loss of activity and with easy recovery of the biocatalysts. Furthermore, because they are of different natures (magnetic CLEA of amyloglucosidase and pellets of GI), if there is any inactivation of one of the biocatalysts, they could be easily separated and recharged individually.
Perovskitas óxidas para aplicação eletroquímica e fotovoltaica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-26)
Dias, Jeferson Almeida
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Morelli, Márcio Raymundo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0172837599844991
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8402138016291171
This work aimed to investigate the production of lanthanum perovskites LaCoO3 and LaFeO3 in the form of thin films and to evaluate their use as catalysts for water splitting as well as absorbers for photovoltaic devices. That is, focusing on renewable energy. For such, the conventional polymeric precursor method was applied in the deposition of films, being improved with different polymer modifiers (amphiphilic copolymer Pluronic P123 and polyethylene glycol) – aiming to produce oxide films with greater homogeneity and enhanced morphological properties. Particularly, the combination of the polymeric precursor method and the amphiphilic copolymer Pluronic P123 is new in the literature for thin films deposition and is the greatest novelty of this work. Results demonstrated that the traditional polymeric precursor method was efficient in perovskite production with promising electrocatalytic activity. However, the produced films lacked homogeneity. On the other hand, the amphiphilic copolymer and resin combination allowed more effective spreading over the substrate. Therefore, films that are much more homogeneous, reproducible and with lower level of defects were obtained. The polyethylene glycol altered film rugosity, enhancing its catalytic activity. The photovoltaic devices built, in specific configurations, proved to be photosensitive – confirming the potentiality of the studied oxide perovskites for optoelectronic applications. Hence, results indicated that the lanthanum-based oxide perovskites are favorable for these applications and can be produced quite simply in the form of thin films using deposition strategies by solution improved in this study.
Integração entre normas de gestão da qualidade em uma empresa fornecedora da cadeia nuclear
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-26)
Campos, Renato Augusto
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Guimarães, Márcia Regina Neves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9250214706491925
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0916306980831101
Nuclear supplier organizations, due to regulatory requirements, pioneered the implementation of quality assurance programs in Brazil. CNEN NN 1.16 is a national standardization standard aimed at determining the requirements in the establishment and implementation of quality assurance systems in nuclear installations. On the other hand, ISO 9001: 2015 is the main ISO 9000 family standard, has quality management system requirements and aims for certification. In June 2018, ISO 19443 was published, which applies the principles of ISO 9001, combining best quality practices with specific requirements of the nuclear industry. Considering the advantages of integrating management systems, this research aims to analyze the benefits and difficulties in integrating CNEN-NN-1.16 and ISO 9001:15 standards in a nuclear chain supplier company. It is also a research objective to analyze which benefits that ISO 19443 can bring to this integrated system. The research, exploratory and qualitative in nature, used as a method of procedure the case study. Data collection was done through interviews, document analysis and participant observation. Among the results, it is noted that CNEN-NN-1.16 was published in 1999 and underwent a review in 2000, so the research demonstrates that a new revision is necessary, based on the requirements of NBR ISO 9001: 2015 and ISO 19443, such as: risk management, stakeholder management, organizational context. By critically analyzing these requirements, their potential contribution to CNEN-NN-1.16 is believed. In the organization studied, it was found that the integrated use of standards can bring benefits, however, during the implementation of NBR ISO 9001:15 and CNEN-NN-1.16, problems related to lack of training, level of worker commitment were noticed and resistance to change. These problems diminished and tended to die out as the system matured.
Modo reprodutivo de acessos de Paspalum spp. (grupo informal Plicatula) e busca de marcadores moleculares associados a apomixia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-26)
Gonçalves, Tiago Maretti
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Vigna, Bianca Baccili Zanotto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1663784979286725
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Fávero, Alessandra Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4329892306148506
Belonging to the grass family, the genus Paspalum has more than 350 species, many of them with great forage potential or for use as vegetation. The Paspalum Germplasm Bank (GB) of Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste enables research with the genus and currently has about 450 accessions of 50 species, most of them belonging to the Plicatula group. Many of the Paspalum accessions of this group are tetraploid (2n = 4x = 40) and of apomitic behavior, and sexual genotypes are rare. Identifying only accessions with apomitic reproduction mode in a collection limits the breeding program because there is no possibility of hybridization. To circumvent this situation, diploid and sexual genotypes must be polyploidized for use in intra and interspecific crosses. Thus, reproductive characterization in Paspalum is of great importance, since it enables the identification of sexual genotypes and facilitates the choice of potential parents for genetic improvement. In this context, the objective of the present work was to reproductively characterize 137 Paspalum accessions belonging to the informal Plicatula group conserved in the Paspalum GB of Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste by the use of flow cytometry and cytoembriological analysis and search for molecular markers associated to apomixis. After analysis of the data obtained by flow cytometry, 49 accessions were considered highly apomictic, 85 were facultative apomictics and one accession (BGP 272 - P. rojasii) showed behavior compatible with the sexual reproductive mode. In addition to these results, the flow cytometry technique made it possible for the first time to characterize the reproductive mode of 12 accessions belonging to P. rhodopedum species. By cytoembriological analysis, five accessions were characterized, three sexual accessions (BGP 281 - P. lenticulare; BGP 272 - P. rojasii and BGP 380 - P. compressifolium) and two accessions (BGP 232 - P. plicatulum; BGP 178 - P. compressifolium) characterized as highly apomictic and facultative apomictic, respectively. In the molecular part, an association for apomixis was sought with the use of 1 marker p779/780, described as completely linked to apporia in B. decumbens, two RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and 19 SCAR (Sequence Characterized Amplified Region) previously associated with apomixis in the genus Paspalum and, based on the Bulk Segregant Analysis methodology, 51 nuclear microsatellite markers were genotyped, totaling 73 molecular markers evaluated in P. compressifolium and P. lenticulare sexual and apomitic accessions. For SCAR markers, accessions belonging to P. rojasii were also included. A large polymorphism occurred between the samples, but no link was observed between the apomixis characteristic and the molecular markers evaluated. The present study shows a greater reproductive genetic variation among the characterized accessions, there was a correspondence between the ploidy level and the reproduction mode, as expected, and none of the genotyped molecular markers were linked to apospory in the evaluated germplasm. Thus, this study presented important results that could be applied to the selection of parents in Paspalum breeding programs.
Atividades de modelagem matemática com equações de diferenças
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-26)
Lima, Antonio Augusto de
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Salvador, José Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2487171069472158
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5709334677028791
Teaching math subject in basic education is a big challenge. Once the teacher is successful, the great value to be cultivated is to present students with meaningful content. Nowadays, in many cases, teaching of mathematics is restricted to “learning by heart”, and in this sense we propose a work based on the autonomy to manage their own learning in Modeling Activities. The approach among the school contents and the valorization of the contextualization, connected to the great importance of the use of the computer room was our starting point. In this perspective, mathematical modeling is a mechanism that can be easily associated with some content that makes up the curriculum of the discipline in order to improve the teaching-learning process. Thus, in this work, a discussion is implemented about how mathematical modeling can be worked in line with the study of the difference equations, with the aim of bringing formal mathematics closer to everyday mathematics and, futhermore, bringing the student closer to their reality.To this end, a thorough bibliographic research was carried out in collections of renowned authors in the area of Mathematical Modeling, Functions and Mathematics Teaching-Learning, which enabled the formation of a consistent theoretical foundation for the development of this research, as well as intervention in a class. High School in an elective subject offered by the researcher in a Full Time School. Finally, it was verified the significance of the mathematical modeling approach associated with the contents of the High School curriculum, especially the content of difference equations, and at a given moment, by curiosity of the students, the quadratic function, in the condition of mechanisms. mathematicians capable of developing unique skills in students such as abstraction and logical reasoning.
Proposição de modelos de classificação e de calibração para polímeros presentes em resíduos eletrônicos empregando laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) e ferramentas quimiométricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-29)
Costa, Vinicius Camara
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6162409795305177
This thesis proposes the development of analytical methods for the analysis of polymers from waste electrical electronic equipment (WEEE) by laser-Induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The results presented in the chapters 2 and 3 of this thesis were developed in collaboration with a recycling company of WEEE called REVERSA. In the first method proposed LIBS was used for the identification and classification of six polymers and a total of 477 samples were analyzed. Classification models using k-nearest neighbors (KNN) and soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) were used to classify the polymers. The proposed models presented satisfactory results for the validation samples, with accuracy of 98% for KNN and 92% for SIMCA. In addition, other validation parameters such as sensitivity, false alarm rate and specificity showed adequate. In the second method, the LIBS was employed to determination of the constituents polycarbonate (PC) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) in PC/ABS blends. For this were built multivariate calibration models using partial least squares (PLS). The PLS models obtained for the PC and ABS presented good analytical parameters as: i) standard error calibration (SEC) of 3.4 (w/w%); (ii) standard error of cross-validation (SECV) of 5.6 (w/w%); iii) linear correlation coefficient of 0.996; iv) number of latent variables equal to 2; v) explained variance of 70%. For the validation of the PLS models PC/ABS blends with unknown concentrations of PC and ABS were analyzed, and the information provided by LIBS was in agreement with the reference technique. A third method was developed in collaboration with a plastics recycling company of car batteries. These plastics were contaminated with Pb and the objective was to evaluate different calibration strategies in LIBS for the quantitative determination of this analyte. Multivariate calibration strategies and a new univariate strategy were proposed. The new univariate calibration strategy was called a two-point calibration transfer and the results presented were satisfactory. The chemometrics tools including experimental desing, supervised methods for classification, unsupervised methods and multivariate calibration were employed during the development of the methods proposed in this thesis.
Taxonomia, ecologia e distribuição espacial de rotifera no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-29)
Ribeiro, Tainá Alves
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Rocha, Odete
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5531769361645809
Rotifers inhabit a variety of aquatic habitats. It is thought that the success of this group is largely due to their small size, short life cycle, ang high richness of species, being these aspects largely responsible for the species richness of zooplankton communities in freshwater ecosystems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the taxonomic composition of rotifer communities in different types of freshwaters of São Paulo state, distributed in 22 Management unities of water resources (UGHRI). Zooplankton communities of 283 water bodies were sampled by horizontal net hauls. In situ measurements of pH, electrical conductivity, temperature and O2 concentrations were performed and water samples were simultaneously taken for laboratory measurements of chlorophyll a concentration. Based on chlorophyll concentration values, the trophic state index (TSI) was calculated and water bodies were then classified in one of six categories regarding their trophic degree. A total of 113 species of Rotifera, belonging to 20 different families were recorded. Families with highest species richness were Lecanidae, Brachionidae and Trichocercidae, following a pattern already described for tropical region rotifer communities. The species with highest frequency of occurrence were Lecane bulla, ocurring on 70% of all water bodies sampled and Lecane leontina, with 35,9%. There was a significant linear relationship between the number of water bodies sampled in each management unity and their rotifer species richness. It was also verified a low positive correlation, but statistically significant between species richness and the trophic state of the water bodies. There were evidences that the spatial distribution pattern observed for rotifers was influenced mainly by physical and chemical characteristics and trophic state of the water bodies. There are indicatives that differently from the pattern frequently observed for microorganisms, the distribution of most species can be restricted more by tolerance limits regarding environmental variables than by their dispersal capacity.
Detecção de novidade em fluxos contínuos de dados multirrótulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-29)
Costa Júnior, Joel David
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Cerri, Ricardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6266519868438512
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5293958366030922
Multi-label Stream Classification (MLSC) aims at classifying streaming examples into multiple classes simultaneously. It is a very challenging task, since new classes may emerge (concept evolution), and known classes may change over the stream (concept drift. Most of classifier methods deal with the aforementioned characteristics updating their models when actuals labels of examples become available, it is a very optimistic scenario though, since for many data streams application these labels are never available, hence is unfeasible to update models in a supervised fashion. This is known as infinitely delayed labels problems and a task that has been stood out for dealing with it, is the Novelty Detection (ND). ND aims at detecting new patterns in arriving streaming examples that, in some aspect, might differ from the previously observed patterns and then used for updating the decision models. Despite different ND procedures have been proposed in the literature, it is still an open problem for MLSC. In this work we proposed two new methods: the MultI-label learNing Algorithm for data Streams with Label Combination-based methods (MINAS-LC) which applies ND to deal exclusively with concept drifts and the MultIlabel learNing Algorithm for data Streams with Binary Relevance transformation (MINAS-BR) which applies ND to deal with both concept drifts and concept evolution either. The methods address problem transformation techniques to deal with multi-labelled data at the offline phase and build micro-clusters based decision models. At the online phase the arrival examples are classified or rejected (labelled as unknown) by the current decision models. Rejected examples are used in ND phase to shape new micro-clusters, maintaining the decision models updated. The ND phase is run from time to time to work around concept drifts and concept evolution. Experiments over synthetic and real-world data sets with different degrees of concept drift and concept evolution attested the potential of MINAS-BR and MINAS-LC, in which have obtained significant results when compared to baseline methods.
Princípios e fundamentos teóricos da catalogação descritiva e a proposta do Resource Description and Access (RDA)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-29)
Machado, Raildo de Sousa
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Zafalon, Zaira Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1584935790390793
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9586215965015886
Cataloging codes are the subject of research, and Resource Description and Access (RDA) is their object of study. In the course of the research, it is questioned about the relation of the principles and fundamentals of cataloging with the proposal of the RDA. To this end, the general objective seeks to discuss the RDA proposal in the light of the principles and foundations of descriptive cataloging. The specific objectives have [1] map scientific discussions about the RDA; [2] analyze the founding theorists of cataloging, its principles and foundations; [3] present the history of cataloging codes and treaties; [4] present the basic conceptual models of contemporary cataloging; [5] analyze the RDA, its principles and objectives; [6] present the theoretical and practical movement from the publication of the RDA, which objectives will lead to understand the past, present and future of the RDA and how it appropriates the principles and foundations of descriptive cataloging. The applied research adopts a qualitative approach, making use of systematic literature mapping as part of the bibliographic and documentary procedures to achieve the exploratory and descriptive objectives. Academically, it is intended to contribute to discussions about the essence of the RDA, by expanding the possibilities of studies and familiarity with the objectives, principles, functions and application of the RDA standard. This research is justified in the context of Information Science because it is the organization and representation of information and, in the scientific contribution, brings trends on the subject as a result of the literature mapping.
Cônicas: uma prática escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-30)
Puppin, Maurício
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Bertoncello, Luciene Nogueira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8028970771846775
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7328458570509096
Based on the protagonism of the learner, this work aims to assist the teacher of mathematics of High School, in the teaching of Analytical Geometry, with a practical approach to facilitate the student's understanding of Conics, with emphasis on ellipse. By the use of free software Geogebra, the student can observe the translation of the curve in the plane and identify in its equation, the differences between the positions: horizontal and vertical, making learning dynamic and more effective.
Desenvolvimento de membranas poliméricas para sistemas de remediação de íons metálicos pesados em soluções aquosas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-30)
Bosquetti, João César
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Silva, Caio Marcio Paranhos da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793686262868668
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1261532663035588
The planet Earth is flooded with about 1.4 billion km3 of water, meaning that almost 71% of its surface is covered by water. However, only about 0.77% of this volume is accessible in the form of fresh water presented in rivers, lakes, groundwater and the atmosphere. Meanwhile of this small amount, about 12.8% have been contaminated or poorly used by man. This contamination is usually caused by percolation, whether of spot or diffuse, such as accidents in reservoir tanks, discharge of sewage sludge, improper use of fertilizers and sanitary waste, as well as accumulation of waste on riverbanks, has been increasing in last years. Contamination of water by heavy metals is perhaps the most worrying of contaminations, since they are highly toxic, cumulative and difficult to mitigate. In this sense, considering the amount of residues generated in the Laboratory of Teaching of Inorganic Chemistry, contaminated with heavy metals of high toxicity, it was thought of a way to reduce the amount of ions of some metals, especially lead (Pb), cádmium (Cd) and Mercury (Hg), employing low cost and easy to obtain polymer membranes to minimize the amount of waste sent to the Department of Waste Management (DeGR) of the Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar. The aim is to minimize these ions present in the solutions, bringing the possibility of reuse of previously contaminated water or to discard it in the common domestic sewage, depending on the efficiency generated by the adsorption yield of these membranes in removing these inconvenient ions from the aqueous solution of discard. Basically, high density polyethylene (HDPE) membranes were modified with polyethylene with maleic anhydride (PE-g-AM), loaded with sodium aluminate and incorporated with aluminum phosphate (AlPO4). Membranes were synthesized whose proportions of these materials were varied with the purpose of verifying which of them would give the best yield. In this aspect, it was observed that all the membranes and blends synthesized showed heterogeneity in their constitution, resulting in regions with higher and lower yield in the same membrane. However, the blends loaded and incorporated with aluminum phosphates had a slightly higher adsorption efficiency compared to ions dispersed in the solution.
Mechanical properties and metallurgical characterization of AA6082-T6 alloy welded by refill friction stir spot welding
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-30)
Silva, Bruno Hessel
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Zepon, Guilherme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614
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Bolfarini, Claudemiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037
The efforts to produce automobiles with intense use of aluminum alloys is growing and the 6XXX series of aluminum alloys are important for this scenario. However, the current joining technologies applied in these alloys present limitations regarding weld uniformity, energy input and production costs. Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding (RFSSW) is a solid-state welding technique with potential to surpass these limitations. In order to validate this technique in automotive applications, issues must be addressed such as obtaining mechanical properties standards; determining the effect of process parameters on weld structure and properties; optimizing cost-efficiency factors and others. In this work the application of RFSSW in the AA6082-T6 alloy was studied focusing on: (i) the effect of process parameters on weld structure and mechanical properties; (ii) understanding of fracture behavior of the welds under static and cyclic load; and (iii) the influence of Bake Hardening treatment on the weld structure and properties. Optimized process parameters set with suitable welding time for industry applications were obtained using statistical analysis maximizing static mechanical properties. Macro/microstructural analysis were carried out and demonstrated that the Plunge Depth parameter has the most relevant influence on weld strength and fracture behavior due to its effect in hook shape formation, which is an intrinsic feature in RFSSW welds. Hardness and thermal characterization helped to understand the effect of Bake Hardening on reprecipitation and overaging process in different weld regions and, consequently, on the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of the welds. Using Weibull Statistical analysis, L-N fatigue curves were obtained and demonstrated that, regardless the hook shape, the curves presented similar trend and fatigue limit close to 12% of the maximum Shear Load. Finally, based on fatigue fracture surface characterization, it was found that the hook shape configuration has a relevant effect on fracture behavior only for low-cycle load conditions.
Existence and multiplicity of solutions for problems involving the Dirac operator
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-30)
Somavilla, Fernanda
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Miyagaki, Olimpio Hiroshi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2646698407526867
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Paiva, Francisco Odair Vieira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2889322093175193
In this thesis, we study equations that involving the Dirac operator and which have the form $-i \alpha \cdot \nabla u + a \beta u + M(x)u = F_{u}(x,u), em \mathbb{R}^{3},$ where $\alpha = (\alpha_1, \alpha_2, \alpha_3),$ with $\alpha_{j}$ and $\beta$ are complex matrices 4x4, j = 1, 2, 3 and a>0.Using variational methods and elements from critical point theory for strongly indefinite problems we obtain existence and multiplicity results of solutions $u:R^{3} \rightarrow C^{4}$ under different sets of hypothesis about the potential M and the nonlinearity F: Firstly, we consider a problem with nonperiodic potential and concave-convex type nonlinearity, nonperiodic, which contain weight functions that can present signal change. Next, using the generalized Nehari manifold, we study problems in which nonlinearity satisfies weak monotonicity conditions and may relate to the potential function. Among such problems,we consider a periodic case and, due to the assumptions, in order to obtain the multiplicity results we use the Clarke's subdifferential and Krasnoselskii genus. Finally, we approach a problem with nonlinearity asymptotically linear at infinity and matrix potential. In this case, the potential is described by a sum of a non-positive suitable matrix potential and a diagonal matrix whose elements are function in some $L^{\sigma}, \sigma >1,$ which can change signal.
Proposição de modelos de regressão para previsão de propriedades de tintas da cadeia produtiva da indústria gráfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-30)
Oshiro, Eduardo Hideki
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9220595873630980
Quality control of inks is very important during and after the manufacturing process and is also meaningful in the consumer industries or paint applicators. For this reason, an opportunity was noticed for the development of a method of determining the properties of a solvent based ink of the printing industry. The analytical method proposed was through the infrared spectroscopy and multivariate calibration. The ink used in the project is employed in the rotogravure printing process. This process is used for printing many quantities of printing materials at high speed. It is usually applied in the production of packaging and magazines. The fallowing quality control parameters: viscosity, density and solids of black and white inks were analyzed by the reference methods according ASTM standards. Prediction models for these parameters were developed through Fourier transform infrared spectrometer with attenuated total reflectance sampling accessory (FT-MID-IR ATR) and the multivariate calibration, the partial least squares regression (PLSR). Pre-treatments in the spectra (1st and 2nd derivatives with Savitzky-Golay) were tested and also the models with spectra without treatments. The best results were found according to the parameter and ink tested, for viscosity of black ink the model without treatment was used, for viscosity of white ink the 2nd derivative was used. And for density and solids, unique models were developed to be used in black and white inks, the 1st derivative was the best option in both cases. The best models and latent variables were selected through the evaluation of the root mean square errors values of calibration, validation and cross validation (RMSEC, RMSEV and RMSECV), as well as the determination coefficients (R2) obtained from predicted x reference results. The set of validation samples showed a good quality of the results, according to the p-value. Although there are many articles related to prediction of chemical physics characteristics of fuels and derivatives using infrared spectroscopy and the chemometric tool, few studies with this approach to inks have been found in the literature. The following advantages of the developed method can be highlighted: low sample volume (0.1 mL - 1 drop), rapid analysis (2 minutes) and the low waste amount.
Síntese do catalisador ácido molibdofosfórico suportado em zircônia sulfatada e magneticamente recuperável visando a valorização de compostos derivados da biomassa lignocelulósica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-31)
Marchini, Lucas
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Paixão, Márcio Weber
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3773908504964104
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6978772339322590
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6349-5181
The impacts associated with excessive use of energy derived from non-renewable sources transcend the discussion of possible exhaustion and are strongly aligned with the possibility of an environmental imbalance. In this way, the interest in the production of fuels from natural and renewable sources grows strongly throughout the globe. In this directenvironmentalsting paths for sustainable fuel growth and development is through the use of lignocellulosic biomass as the raw material. Lignocellulosic biomass represents a high interest due to the possibility of being converted into sugars which, in turn, proceeds through reactions catalyzed by acid - Lewis and Brønsted - to provide products such as furfural (FUR), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), levulinic acid (LA), alkyl levulinate, gamma-valerolactone (GVL) and derivatives thereof. These compounds are considered platforms molecules of great industrial and academic interest. Therefore, it is of great importance the research of new materials with acidic characteristics, which are able to promote these transformations.The molybdophosphoric acid (MoP) is a heteropolyacid that has associated protons, presenting high Brønsted acidity and, consequently, emerges as an interesting catalyst in the valorization of compounds derived from lignocellulosic biomass. In this work, a catalyst composed of molybosphoric acid supported in magnetically recoverable sulfated zirconia was synthesized, which should be characterized by techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), programmed temperature desorption of ammonia (TPD-NH3), transform infrared spectroscopy of Fourier with adsorption of pyridine (FTIR-py), quantum interference superconducting device (SQUID), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), 31P nuclear magnetic resonance, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high transmission electron microscopy resolution (HR-TEM). Properly characterized, they were evaluated the conversions of the compound derived from lignocellulosic biomass to alkyl levulinates. In the catalytic evaluation, it was necessary to optimize the catalyst through the influence of fundamental parameters such as temperature, catalyst mass, molar ratio between the substrate and solvent, and water influence in order to obtain the ideal conditions and the products of this reaction analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
A riqueza do élenchos: um estudo sobre a aplicação platônica da prática investigativa socrática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-31)
Quinalia Filho, Rineu
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Souza, Eliane Christina de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5658382257368048
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1710662256211660
Proposing a presentation regarding élenchos is not an easy task. Élenchos is primarily a synonym of inspection. Everything starts with a simple question: “what is?” (ti estí;). Ti estí basically establishes the relationship between the subject who applies the question (Socrates) and the other who must defend it (almost always a renowned interlocutor). At the start, élenchos has a personal character, a play of roles between someone who asks and another person who answers with fixed guidelines. Two dialogues from Plato’s youth are explored in this thesis: Laches and Charmides. Considering that these dialogues are watched by a supposed audience, we point to an interpretation where the main interlocutors of Socrates could represent a kind of stage, a means to an end, and not the final recipient of the dynamics proposed by the Socratic inspection. The thesis will establish a metaelenctic approach pointing to the interpretation that the Socratic élenchos could be seen under the light of a two-fold orientation: the first one, which is called ‘straight’, would have a dual nature, proposing the inspection of a (famous) other; the second is the ‘oblique’, with a plural nature, aiming at the instruction of (humble) others.
Influência da taxa de resfriamento no módulo de elasticidade de ligas beta Ti e obtenção de diagramas CCT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-07-31)
Santos, Rafael Formenton Macedo dos
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Munoz Chaves, Javier Andres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1205198307049324
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Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453
The metallic alloys used as orthopedic implants, such as the Ti-6Al-4V, present some problems of biological and mechanical compatibility. In addition, the great difference between the elastic modulus of human bone and the commercial alloys used as implants is responsible for the stress-shielding effect. In this way, the objective of this study was to obtain CCT diagrams through dilatometry of β-Ti alloys and to investigate the influence of the cooling rate by comparing the microstructure and properties (microhardness and elastic modulus) for Ti-40Nb (Ti40Nb) and Ti-12Mo-6Zr-2Fe (TMZF) alloys. For this, besides the alloy as received, it was yield the following cooling rates: 103 oC/s for rapidly solidified (SR condition); 102 oC/s for water quenche; 5 oC/s for air cooling and 0.05 oC/s for furnace cooling. Afterwards all the samples were submitted to the microstructural characterization through X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Physical property of elastic modulus E (GPa) was measured via impulse excitation technique while the mechanical property was assessed using Vickers microhardness. Finally, the thermal characterization was performed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dilatometry. For the SR condition, which showed the lowest values of elastic modulus and Vickers microhardness, the presence of β-Ti (bcc) and α” (martensite) phases for both alloys and the values of modulus and elasticity and Vickers hardness, respectively, with 56 GPa and 144HV for the Ti40Nb (SR), 74GPa and 333HV for the TMZF (SR) alloy. For lowest cooling rate (furnace), the results showed the presence of β and α phases for both alloys, and values of E = 83 GPa and 302 HV for the Ti40Nb alloy and 106 GPa and 443 HV for the TMZF alloy. Based on these results, together with the results of the DSC test and dilatometry, it was possible to build real CCT diagram for both alloys.