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Potencial controle biológico de fitopatógenos por Trichoderma Harzianum P49P11
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Andrade, Guilherme Mateus; Lacava, Paulo Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8947678349043750; Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7325690466406444
The study of new biological control microorganisms aims to obtain a product with a specific action and with greater capacity to control plant diseases and the pests, but that lowers the economic and environmental impacts caused by pesticides. The Trichoderma harzianum P49P11 strain, isolated from Amazonian soil, had its enzymatic potential evaluated in biomass degradation processes, it is well known that genus can generate bioactive compounds and controlling characters of other microorganisms. Thus, the study aimed to identify the biological control of phytopathogen by T. harzianum P49P11 strain. Lytic enzymes were evaluated by cultivating the strain in 6 different selective media for 3 days at 28ºC, after this period showed growth, characterizing the enzymatic production, however there was no formation of enzymatic halo to quantify the enzymatic activity. In Potato Dextrose Agar medium, the Biological Control Agent Co-cultivated against 17 phytopathogens, presented an inhibition of 50% for Colletotrichum sp. FP9 (65.7%), Fusarium oxysporum bean FP11 (55.8%), Phytophthora sojae FP13 (75%) and Lasiodiplodia euphorbicola FP16 (56.3%), highlighting the inhibition of the FP13 strain (75%) by the ACB during work, characterizing the second most inhibited phytopathogen in this work. Co-cultivation in Czapek medium inhibited the Fusarium oxysporum ATTCC 2163 FP4 (51.7%), Alternaria alternata FP7 (52.1%), Fusarium proliferatum FP8 (51.8%) and Fusarium oxysporum bean FP11 (51.7%), Phytophthora sojae FP13 (54.5%) and Rhizopus microsporus FP14 (83.3%). Highlighting the inhibitory action of ACB on the FP 14 strain that reached the highest inhibition during the work, however, may have occurred during the adaptation of the phytopathogen strain to the Czapek medium. For MeOH/EtOAc extraction, the P49P11 strain was grown in Potato Dextrose liquid medium for 7 days at 28 ° C, pH 5 and stirring at 120 rpm to obtain fermentation broth. After this cultivation time, the broth was centrifuged under 10,000 rpm and the supernatant was collected for extraction. Amberlite® XAD-16 resin was used for the extraction of the possibly bioactive compounds in the fermentation broth, the extract being eluted with 1: 1 MeOH/EtOAc for evaluation of inhibition. The phytopathogens inhibited in the previous tests were not responsive to the extract. However, the performance of the controlling strain T. harzianum P49P11 is highlighted for strains FP 14 and FP 13, being a candidate strain of Phytophthora sojae and for future testing with the ACB strain.
Statistical inference for non-homogeneous Poisson process with competing risks: a repairable systems approach under power-law process
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Almeida, Marco Pollo; Avalle, Gustavo Leonel Gilardoni; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6626177394747218; Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9238886581003630
In this thesis, the main objective is to study certain aspects of modeling failure time data of repairable systems under a competing risks framework. We consider two different models and propose more efficient Bayesian methods for estimating the parameters. In the first model, we discuss inferential procedures based on an objective Bayesian approach for analyzing failures from a single repairable system under independent competing risks. We examined the scenario where a minimal repair is performed at each failure, thereby resulting in that each failure mode appropriately follows a power-law intensity. Besides, it is proposed that the power-law intensity is reparametrized in terms of orthogonal parameters. Then, we derived two objective priors known as the Jeffreys prior and reference prior. Moreover, posterior distributions based on these priors will be obtained in order to find properties which may be optimal in the sense that, for some cases, we prove that these posterior distributions are proper and are also matching priors. In addition, in some cases, unbiased Bayesian estimators of simple closed-form expressions are derived. In the second model, we analyze data from multiple repairable systems under the presence of dependent competing risks. In order to model this dependence structure, we adopted the well-known shared frailty model. This model provides a suitable theoretical basis for generating dependence between the components’ failure times in the dependent competing risks model. It is known that the dependence effect in this scenario influences the estimates of the model parameters. Hence, under the assumption that the cause-specific intensities follow a PLP, we propose a frailty-induced dependence approach to incorporate the dependence among the cause-specific recurrent processes. Moreover, the misspecification of the frailty distribution may lead to errors when estimating the parameters of interest. Because of this, we considered a Bayesian nonparametric approach to model the frailty density in order to offer more flexibility and to provide consistent estimates for the PLP model, as well as insights about heterogeneity among the systems. Both simulation studies and real case studies are provided to illustrate the proposed approaches and demonstrate their validity.
Investigando o uso sustentável de recursos comuns por meio de um jogo eletrônico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Camargo, Julio César de; Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5736336054047320
This research comprises the development and the use of a video game-based task to evaluate the effects of differential consequences on the consumption of common-pool resources. The game simulates an ocean fishery, in which the research participants need to catch the fish that appear on the screen to earn points and stay alive, at the same time they need to manage the available resources, shared with two other fishers simulated by the computer. Two experiments were conducted. Ninety students from the Universidade Federal de São Carlos participated in Experiment 1, distributed in three experimental conditions: Control, Bonuses, and Penalties. In Bonuses condition, participants earned extra points following responses with moderate intervals. Penalties condition was characterized by the loss of points following short interresponse times. No differential consequences were programmed in the Control condition. The results of Experiment 1 revealed important effects of the differential consequences on the establishment of an optimized pattern of consumption, leading to a fewer number of attempts to complete the game in the Bonuses and Penalties condition. The Experiment 2 aimed to replicate the first one, with some changes implemented to better simulate the social dynamic of the game, and to evaluate the effects of the cultural context on the strategies used by the participants. Participated 91 students from the Kansas State University and 87 students from the Universidade Federal de São Carlos. The results did not point to significant effects of the differential consequences and the cultural context on the number of plays to complete the game. Nevertheless, more detailed analyses revealed the use of different strategies for the management of the available resources depending on the experimental condition and the country in which the experiment was conducted.
Desenvolvimento de sensores eletroquímicos à base de compósitos para a determinação simultânea de fármacos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Santos, Anderson Martin dos; Fatibello Filho, Orlando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9859737944357808; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0116064177497070
In this doctoral thesis different carbon materials were explored for the development of novel electrochemical sensor platforms. Thus, a glassy carbon electrode modified with a functionalized graphene film, chitosan and nickel oxide nanoparticles was initially proposed. This sensor was used for the simultaneous determination of paracetamol and ciprofloxacin in biological fluid samples using square wave adsorptive anodic stripping voltammetry. Analytical curves were a linear in the concentration range of 0.10 to 2.9 µmol L−1 for acetaminophen and of 0.040 to 0.97 µmol L−1 for ciprofloxacin, with limits of detection of 6.7 and 6.0 nmol L−1, respectively. Next, salbutamol and propranolol were determined simultaneously in synthetic urine and serum samples. For this, a glassy carbon electrode was modified with functionalized graphene, ionic liquid and silver nanoparticles all immobilized in a Nafion® film. The electrochemical determination provided linear concentration ranges of 0.079 to 2.9 μmol L−1 for salbutamol and of 0.10 to 2.9 μmol L−1 for propranolol with limits of detection of 13 and 17 nmol L−1, respectively. Subsequently, a sensor based on the modification of a glassy carbon electrode with a carbon black film, silver nanoparticles and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) was developed. The viability and efficiency of this sensor was verified by the simultaneous determination of paracetamol and levofloxacin in environmental and biological samples, with a linear response of 0.62 to 7.1 μmol L−1 for paracetamol and of 0.67 to 1.2 μmol L−1 for levofloxacin with limits of detection of 12 and 14 nmol L−1, respectively. Finally, in the last part of this work, a carbon paste electrode was modified with functionalized graphite and β-cyclodextrin. The electroanalytical potentiality of this new sensory architecture was investigated against the applicability of simultaneous determination of levodopa, piroxicam, ofloxacin and methocarbamol in synthetic urine and river water samples, with limits of detection of 65, 105, 89 and 400 nmol L−1, respectively. In addition, all modifications were morphologically characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dispersive energy spectroscopy and/or contact angle, and also electrochemically by cyclic voltammetry and/or electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In addition, the selectivity, precision and accuracy of the proposed methods were evaluated by possible interferences studies, intra- and inter-day repeatability measurements and comparison with UV-Vis spectroscopy, respectively.
A eficácia do treinamento de habilidades com cadeiras de rodas manuais no desempenho ocupacional e engajamento de sujeitos com lesão medular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Caro, Camila Caminha; Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7350460642976728; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1922826415628802
Introduction: Evidences indicate the efficacy of wheelchair skills training in participants with spinal cord injury in the use of the resource. However, its efficacy in the occupational performance and engagement of individuals with spinal cord injury is still unknown. Objectives: To assess the efficacy of wheelchair skills training in the occupational performance and engagement of individuals with spinal cord injury. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal prospective intervention study; it is a self-control clinical trial with mixed methods. We used a non-probability convenience sampling of 11 participants with spinal cord injury from a mid-sized city in the state of São Paulo. The intervention was performed in the participants’ community by an occupational therapist over an average period of 8 hours per participant. Only 7 out of the 11 of the therapists were formalized. For the initial evaluation (IE), we employed the following measures: (1) An Identification Form of the participant with spinal cord injury; (2) The Functional Independence Measure; (3) The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure; (4) The Wheelchair Skills Test - Questionnaire; (5) The Functional Mobility Assessment, and (6) The Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology 2.0. After the intervention, we conducted the Revaluation 1 (R1) and applied the measures (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6). After 1 month, Revaluation 2 (R2) was performed with the application of the same measures, with the addition of a semi-structured interview to assess the participants’ opinion of the training they received. The data went through simple, descriptive analysis, and also through the Friedman non-parametric test, the Conover multiple comparisons test, and content analysis. Results: We observed statistically significant differences, at a rate of 5%, between the IE and the R1 analyzes. The differences were observed in the functional independence, in the capacity, confidence and frequency of wheelchair use, and the participants’ satisfaction with the use of a wheelchair in their daily life. The results remained unaltered through the R2, except for the wheelchair skills performance. Furthermore, we observed qualitative reports of subjective experience, an active involvement in the occupation, and social and environmental interaction. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the efficacy of the wheelchair skills training in the occupational performance and engagement of the participants with spinal cord injury. The findings point to the importance of such practices in community-oriented public services.
Problemas resolvidos sobre sequências no treinamento de estudantes do ensino médio para Olimpíadas Internacionais de Matemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Linares, Juan López; Barbosa, Grazielle Feliciani; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5368292206467565; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6193932533576800
The International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) is a competition for high school students in which the number of participants has grown steadily over time. The goals of IMOs are to discover, stimulate and challenge talented students in Mathematics. The Brazilian delegation made its first appearance in 1979 and has improved performance over time. In this dissertation 26 problems that have been proposed for some of the IMO versions and which, in one way or another use sequences in their formulation, are presented and discussed in detail. The intention is that these can be used to train students preparing for international olympics. The material can also be used by university teachers and students. The problems appear organized in four chapters: Algebra, Number Theory, Combinatorics and Geometry. However, typically each problem uses knowledge linked to more than one area of Mathematics. Within each chapter a section is dedicated to each problem and they are ordered by the year in which the IMO took place, from the most recent to the oldest. In several sections we first present an introduction to the key knowledge for solving the problem.
Fosfoenolpiruvato carboxiquinase imobilizada: novos modelos de triagem de ligantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Amaral, Bruno Sérgio do; Souza, Dulce Helena Ferreira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428955299526003; Cass, Quezia Bezerra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197210255594409; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2729577875052578
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) is a ubiquitous enzyme found in all known groups of organisms, acting in the reversible conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and CO2, in the presence of divalent metal ion, and dependent of ATP or GTP. Their catalytic activity is usually measured by coupled assays with malate or pyruvate kinase/lactate dehydrogenases as preferred second enzyme. Thus, the PEPCK reaction product is converted by the action of a NADH-dependent enzyme, wherein the catalytic reaction is followed by the decrease in the absorbance at 340 nm due to the consumption of NADH. The main drawback in coupled assays is that any interference in the activity of the second enzyme will affect the result of the first enzyme. In addition, in the case of PEPCK, NADH has been reported as inhibitor of some of these enzymes. To overcome these problems, herein we report a direct assay to quantity PEP by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The difficulty related to PEPCK’s substrates and products are their higher hydrophilicity and poor retention in reverse-phase elution mode, which leads to coelution or low peak resolution. In spite of this, PEP was quantified in coelution with OAA by the differentiation obtained by the mass spectra data. The developed method was validated, and all the significant figures were in accordance with the adopted criteria. For that, PEPCK of T. cruzi was expressed as an active enzyme in Escherichia coli and purified by anionic exchanged and affinity chromatography. The method was used, then, to monitor the purification of T. cruzi PEPCK as well as to determine all the kinetics parameters of the purified enzyme. The direct method herein disclosed can be used for others PEPCKs. Moreover, a ligand fishing assay based on the immobilization of PEPCKs to magnetic particles was modulated based on a series of synthetic compounds that were screened towards PEPCKs using the solution activity assay here developed. In searching for selective binders, the affinity-based assay was used to screen four ethanolic extracts of Brazilian Cerrado plants: Qualea grandiflora, Diospyros burchellii, Anadenanthera falcata and Byrsonima coccolobifolia. The chemical characterization of the identified ligands was carried out by means of LC-HRMS analysis. These results are fully discussed. The efforts to produce a PEPCK immobilized capillary enzyme reactor to be used as a bioaffinity column in a flow assay is also presented.
Conceito de liberdade no pensamento de Rosa Luxemburgo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Leonardi, Sabrina Bortollotte Penteado; Baioni, José Eduardo Marques; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9613180348313909; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5678474415179987
The present final paper investigates in the political-philosophical works of Rosa Luxembourg, which consists the conception of freedom for the working masses. In view of this, it deals with contents that directly touch or treat this subject-matter and that help in its elucidation. Thus, it deals with elements of the philosopher's analysis of the First World War, the Russian Revolution and the crisis of German social democracy and still addresses the alternative between socialism and barbarism. It comes to the consideration that the masses, when determining socialism as a method and purpose, begin to take over their history, are guided against the drift of events that subjugate them, give conscious meaning to their actions, and thus progressively acquire their emancipation. The conclusion of these it is a requirement that this process be the result of the action of the masses and not of some other agent.
Detector de pontos salientes 3D baseado na DT-CWT com aplicação no posicionamento de malhas deformáveis em imagens de ressonância magnética do cérebro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Souza, Breno da Silveira; Ferrari, Ricardo José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8460861175344306; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2345267419107001
The magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a noninvasive method that allows high soft tissue differentiation by providing a good anatomical detailing level. For this reason, the MR image is often used to help in diagnosis and supervision of neurodegenerative diseases, in which we can mention the Alzheimer's disease (AD). The analysis of shape changes and gradual volume reduction of brain structures of interest helps to identify the AD staging. Considering that the manual annotation of those structures in the MR image (to posterior volume and shape evaluation) is highly susceptible to measurement error, several automatic methods have been proposed in the literature for this task. Some of the most popular among the proposed methods are so-called geometric deformable models. They are able to catch the geometric variability of anatomical structures because they offer a priori knowledge of shape and localization. However, despite these advantages, geometric deformable models need to be positioned close to the strutcture to be segmented to achieve success. One way to minimize this problem is to use salient points to estimate a local deformable transformation, which will be applied to the mesh vertices of a given structure to perform its initial positioning. In this project, we propose a new approach for the detection of 3-D salient points in MR images which is based on the dual-tree complex wavelet transform (DT-CWT). Our method combines filter response maps calculated for different scales and orientations of the DT-CWT to create an accumulated map of energy responses. We tested our approach for the positioning of hippocampi meshes in 3-D brain MR images and compared the results with manual annotations made by a medical specialist. Mean values of Dice (DC) and Hausdorff Average Distance (HAD) measurements of our proposed method showed better results (DC = 0.58/0.58 and HAD = 0.73/0.75 for the left and right hippocampus, respectively) when compared to both an Affine transform guided initialization (DC = 0.49/0.50, HAD = 1.04/1.11) and a transform guided initialization using salient points detected by a phase congruency technique (DC = 0.55/0.56, HAD = 0.84/0.83).
Efeito da variação diária na temperatura corporal no incremento metabólico pós-prandial (SDA) da espécie Lithobates Catesbeianus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Lino, Noele Paschoini Leão; Leite, Cléo Alcantara Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2031764784233552; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1695559824530020
Introduction: The postprandial metabolic increment is characterized by a fast elevation in postprandial metabolic rate. The increase in O2 consumption continues until reaching a peak of consumption, that may occur days after the ingestion of the food, in species that ingested large volumes. After the peak, there is a decrease in the metabolic rate to a similar level to the standard (rest). The investigations regarding the mechanisms involved during the postprandial metabolic increment (SDA) of the Lithobates catesbeianus species were performed under a constant regime of body temperature. Such stability differs from what actually occurs with these animals that depend on the temperature of the environment to regulate their body temperature. Objective: To analyze the effects of body temperature on postprandial metabolic response (SDA) of the Lithobates catesbeianus species maintained at three temperature regimes: constant 20˚C, constant 25°C and oscillating with daily cycles of 25°C in the daytime period and 20°C in the nighttime period. Materials and methods: Twenty-one frogs of the species Lithobates catesbeianus (bullfrog) were used, with a mean body mass of 314 ± 10g. O2 consumption was used to determine the metabolic rate of the animals. The animals were allocated to three different groups (n = 7), two groups submitted to constant temperatures of 20°C and 25°C (T-20 and T-25, respectively), and the group submitted to oscillating temperature, 25°C in the daytime period and 20°C in the nighttime period (T-oscillating). The animals initiated the protocol in fasting and after for a period of 48 and 72 hours of collection of the resting metabolic rate they were fed the equivalent of 10% of their body mass and maintained in respirometry analysis until values were observed close to the baseline, individually. Results: The change in the temperature did not interfere in the metabolic rate of the T-20, T-25 and T-oscillating groups. These presented similar values of the metabolic resting rate, at each of the temperatures, the metabolic rate of the group maintained under T-oscillating, as expected, was bigger in the daytime (25˚C) than in the nighttime (20°C). The temperature affected the maximum value of the postprandial metabolic increment, so that the T-25 group had higher VO2 peak compared to T-20. The animals in the T-oscillating group showed an increased metabolic increase similar to that presented by T-25. The metabolic scope followed the same pattern. The time to reach peak of VO2 during SDA was similar between the experimental groups. The T-oscillating group showed lower values to coefficient compared to the 25°C group and higher when compared to the 20°C group. The T-oscillating group had a shorter SDA duration compared to T-25 and T-20. The energy cost of SDA in the T-25 group was higher than in the T-20 group, remaining high even with the temperature oscillation. Like this the protocol performed under oscillated temperature promoted a postprandial metabolic increment process (SDA) more efficient for being faster and with lowest coefficient.
Música, ruído, interferência e diluição: as trilha musicais de Livio Tragtenberg em Latitude Zero (2000), Contra Todos (2004) e Filmefobia (2008)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Mendoza, Pablo Francisco Menten; Miranda, Suzana Reck; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8566012598222563; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6445707008209961
This research aims to broach Livio Tragtenberg's musical creation for contemporary Brazilian cinema. Throughout his career, the composer has teamed up with directors with challenging proposals such as Julio Bressane and Tata Amaral. In his compositions we perceive intriguing musical / sound paths so that these sounds do not go unnoticed in the middle of the film, and they also establish significant relationships with the work in which the music is inserted. The dissertation proposes investigate how Livio Tragtenberg articulates different ideas and sounds in certain filmic contexts. For that, study's object comprises three movies: Latitude Zero, by Toni Venturi (2000); Contra Todos (2003), by Roberto Moreira, and Filmefobia (2009), by Kiko Goifman. These works were chosen because they contain different language proposals that directly implied the approach used by the composer, which does not mean his works do not have a "signature", on the contrary. Although the composer “adapts” to each film, it is possible to find relevant singularities both in the sonorities and in the relation that music establishes with the other elements of the narrative.
Mulheres no espaço urbano de Sorocaba-SP: movimentos de mulheres e a construção de suas territorialidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Nunes, Renata; Burgos, Rosalina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0430255108623706; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8356883792704552
This dissertation aims to understand the making of spaces from women strife, militancy and life in the city of Sorocaba-SP, through the actions of different kinds of women movement.As study cases, the actions linked to the Women Rights City Council elected for the 2018/2020 biennium were analyzed as a way to understand the institutionalized space production in contrast to everyday actions of the leading women. Based on these women's life histories, we sought to analyze the dialectical relationship between the Spaces of Representation and the Representational Spaces (according to the conception of Henri Lefebvre) to understand the formation of territorialities that arise from the demands of daily life itself.
Entre redes: juventudes, ambientes virtuais e vidas entretidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Barreiro, Rafael Garcia; Malfitano, Ana Paula Serrata; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1462870858750395; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1224310568760472
Assuming that digital social networks have a great impact on contemporary society, as a means of circulating information, opinion and influence; there is a correlation between digital networks, the transmission of information through digital influencers and the daily lives of young people towards the established social organization. From the theoretical assumptions of social occupational therapy, specifically affiliated with the methodological current of historical materialism proposed by Brazilian occupational therapists in the 1980s, this analysis is proposed in the understanding of juvenile lifestyles and the impact of digital platforms in the stylization processes of life. The purpose of this thesis was to analyze and discuss the use of digital social networks and their presence on issues related to youth daily life and their ways of life, through digital influencers, personalities who publish constant content directed to young people. The methodology was based on the resource of netnography, which uses the theoretical foundations of ethnography in digital environments. The empirical field consisted of three phases: interviews with communication professionals; youth activity workshops in Brazil and Portugal; conducting netnographs with the five most cited digital influencers in previous phases, specifically through video analysis of young digital influencers posted on YouTube. As a result, the interviews showed the marketing strategies linked to the digital influencers. In the workshops, young people demonstrated how digital platforms are related to their daily lives, identifying humor, sports and music as the content they most view and share on networks, and also indicated digital influencers of their preferences. The netnographs were developed with five digital influencers, namely: Whindersson Nunes, Julio Cocielo, Dani Russo, Felipe Neto and Niina Secrets; seen as "celebrities" of virtual spaces, as well as a process of professionalization in being a "youtuber". With this professionalization, alignment with the market and the purchase of consumer goods was evident in all influencers who practice a direct relationship between product and consumption, in advertising and marketing strategies. The results showed that digital influencers have a significant share of representativeness in the contemporary youth universe of varied cultural, social and economic contexts, promoting debates and influences in decision making about lifestyles. From the netnographic analysis, together with the other phases of the empirical field, it can be concluded that the results show that the influencers are configured as communicators within a mass culture, which stimulates consumption and influence juvenile ways of life, conveying content with low criticality and high conservative value. The work sought, from the perspective of social occupational therapy, the work sought to understand the Internet as a socio-technique of virtual environments influencing youth lifestyles.
Estudo da relação do ecourbanismo com os Planos Diretores Municipais: o caso de Araraquara - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Honorio, Suzana; Falcoski, Luiz Antonio Nigro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3200660670856698; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1485168352585676
This research aims to study the emergence, development and challenges of ecourbanism as an integrative and innovative field of knowledge about territory, urban space and city. In the 1970s environmental issues began to be discussed worldwide. Sustainability has become a central theme on debates that took place in the following decades. This way, ecourbanism emerges, an field of knowledge that seeks to reconcile environmental support capacity with urban planning and management. However, there is a lack of understanding on what constitutes it and its applicability. Thus, the problem-hypothesis assumed is that the normative landmarks of the City Master Plans, produced since Estatuto da Cidade, do not incorporate and introduce the innovative transdisciplinary fields of knowledge about ecourbanism. The main goal of this work is to study ecourbanism as a disciplinary field of knowledge regarding the city, as well as its relations with the Master Plan of Araraquara-SP. For this, it seeks to investigate the emergence, development and challenges of ecourbanism, in addition to documents and agreements that consider this subject; discuss the principles and variables of ecourbanism in the scale of policies and plans through the critical analysis of its conceptual bases; and to analyze the advances, limits and new challenges of the Araraquara Master Plan (LC 2005 and 2014), under the perspective of these principles, guidelines, and variables. Bibliographical and documentary research were used in order to understand the process, principles, concepts and historical fundamentals, as well as to evaluate innovative practices and experiences in the process of environmental planning and management. Thus, this paper made considerations on the role of ecourbanism addressed by the Agenda 21 Global, but still insufficient and inconclusive before the functional and formal segmentation of territory, space and urban reality. From this, criteria applied to the objects of selected studies were defined, and analytical-comparative studies were performed. As a result there are summary tables, charts and illustrative diagrams of the ecourbanism situation as a field and its incorporation into the Araraquara Master Plan. Differences in the sustainability approach were observed in the Master Plan versions, with the most recent one presenting setbacks, if compared to the first. The main losses are related to the reduction of social participation in the elaboration of the Master Plan, the occupation of environmentally fragile areas and the socio-territorial inequality. It is important to restructure and strengthen COMPUA, as well as to evolve the urban and environmental licensing process. Thus, it can be concluded that the ecourbanistic principles were partially incorporated by municipal planning and management.
Análise de sensibilidade entre modelos de cálculo de resistência à força cortante de lajes alveolares pré-fabricadas protendidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Barbosa, Raphael Nabhan Langendorfer; Almeida Filho, Fernando Menezes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0447825383222965; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1334227114423995
Regarding the constant increase in systems using precast members, specially prestressed hollow-core slabs, due to cost and schedule reduction, it was necessary to review past researches related to the shear capacity of hollow-core slabs. This dissertation aimed to compare the theoretical shear strength, provisioned by the building codes ACI 318-2014, BS EN 1992-1-1:2004 e ABNT NBR 14861:2011 with the experimental results found in the literature and to determinate how much the most sensitive variables affect the shear strength, through a sensitivity analysis . 144 slabs were studied, with the depth (H) ranging from 151 mm to 500 mm. The comparisons showed that the equation 6.2a from BS EN 1992-1-1:2004 was the most conservative, with the application of reduction factors, presenting values of the ratio between the experimental failure load and theoretical capacity, also known as ξ, ranging from 0,59 to 3,76. Equation 6.4, however, presented non conservative and unsatisfactory results, even with the reduction factors applied, despite having the least variation and the average ξ being the closest to the realistic model. The results from the sensitivity analysis with reference to the shear strength influential parameters indicate that the greatest effect comes from Σbw and the effective depth (d), being the geometry of the hollow-core elements the most important factor to be considered in structure design. We also concluded that the safest and simultaneously most conservative model is the ACI 318-2014, with the lowest probability of occurring ξ<1, of value 2,89%.
Desenvolvimento de nanocompósitos híbridos a partir de nanopartículas de magnetita funcionalizadas com macromoléculas de polietilenoglicol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-08-30) Rocha, Gabriel Dornela Alves da; Leite, Edson Roberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1025598529469393; Cordeiro, Marco Aurélio Liutheviciene; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4787678071396324; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8123010530118799
New technologies aim for new materials. The increase in search for new materials with hybrid properties is growing exponentially. Polymers, metals and ceramics may be exposed within their application areas, but they cover only part of the desired spectrum of properties. Thus, composite materials are produced for this purpose of multifunctionality. Within the class of composite materials, hybrid nanocomposites have attracted a great deal of attention from academia due to the number of properties and application that can be achieved using chemically designed materials at the molecular level. One of the most promising and challenging approaches is the synthesis of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs), which consists of a combination of a rigid inorganic core and a flexible organic corona. In this context, this study provides a systematic study of interparticle interactions on formation of macroscopic structures by hybrid nanocomposites based on magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) grafted with Polyethylene glycol (PEG) at different molecular weight 3000 g.mol-1 and 6000 g.mol-1. By improving organic interactions, hybrid structures were produced by controlled evaporation of grafted nanoparticles colloid and consolidated by uniaxial pressure. All these steps were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Based on this, rotational and oscillation rheometry were performed, providing interesting results about pseudoplastic behavior of these nanocomposites, as well weak and strong gel behavior as function of grafted macromolecules weight.