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Busca de substâncias inseticidas e fungicidas para controle de formigas-cortadeiras através do estudo fitoquímico biomonitorado de espécies de Picramnia e avaliação da atividade bacteriostático em Xanthomonas citri subsp citri
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-10-31) Cruz, Artur da Silva; Fernandes, João Batista; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691336077459602; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1354542326637904
The search for insecticide and fungicide substances to control leaf-cutting ants through biomonitored phytochemical study of Picramnia species and evaluation of bacteriostatic activity in Xanthomonas citri. Subsp citri. The search for substances with potential activity is the target of numerous studies within the chemistry of natural products, ranging from structural elucidation to the mechanism of action. Some Picramnia species have a variety of class of secondary compounds, generating interest in their application, justifying the study of this family. The species Picramnia riedelle has little study regarding its chemical composition and biological activity of its constituents. In this context, this work was developed in order to perform biomonitored study of Pricamnia riedelle extracts, seeking isolated active principles and characterizing them. Thus, the activity of methanolic extracts of leaves and branches, fractions and some isolated substances was evaluated, performing fungicide, insecticide and bacterial assays. We identified in this work 4 long chain acids, 4 long chain esters and 5 anthraquinones, together with the synthesis of a new metal complex with an anthraquinone as the ligand, the first time the report of such a molecule formed. Together with the aid of the centrifugal partition chromatography technique used for the fractionation of methanolic leaf extract.
Terapia ocupacional, território e comunidade: desvelando teorias e práticas a partir de um diálogo latino-americano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-10-31) Bianchi, Pamela Cristina; Malfitano, Ana Paula Serrata; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1462870858750395; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5871384066503541
The present study aimed to know the territorial and community actions in Latin America, using a dialectical historical materialist reading. The terms territory and community fit into the political, economic and social relations established in the capitalist model of production. In occupational therapy, the terms were incorporated as a result of political, social and economic events in the countries, as a way to unite criticism about social reality with professional practices. The study aimed to understand the theoretical and conceptual development of the terms territory and community and its reflection on the practical actions performed by occupational therapy in Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Colombia. To this end, data collection was performed in two stages: in the first, we elaborated four conceptual reviews of the literature, including eight interviews with most recurrent authors in the analyzed references of each country; in the second stage, social case studies were conducted through four participant observations, including interviews with the social actors present in the experiences followed. The results on the conceptual development identified that the productions of Brazil and Colombia presented concepts to the term territory, since community is more used in the Argentine and Chilean productions. In Argentina, the use of the term community and community actions began in the 1980s, influenced by the country's economic and political crises. In Brazil, community was incorporated by political militancy of professionals in the late 1970s, while territory entered the field amid psychiatric reform and the advancement of public policies in the 1990s; territorial and community action circumscribes collective micro-level interventions that seek to produce resonances in the social macrostructure. In Chile, community is incorporated in the early 1970s, composing the movement for democracy in the country, while territory was already used in the 1990s with the implementation of public policies; in practice, the actions correspond to community work, aimed at strengthening people's social participation. In Colombia, the use of the term community began in the 1980s as a result of the work of professionals with the victims of an environmental catastrophe and in university extension projects, territory started to be used after the implementation of territorial public policies and strengthened with Peace Agreement in 2016; territorial and community actions are correlated with social vulnerability and situations of violence. In the case studies, five principles present in the territorial-community action in Latin American occupational therapy stand out: the action implied in the collective and in social relations; the weaving of formal and informal networks; the building of bonds through the use of activities; the horizontality and availability in relationships; and strategies to address social vulnerability at the micro and macrosocial scopes. Finally, we indicate that the territory concept suggests a combination of space, process and relationship, surpassing the definition of a physical geographic space. While community brings the idea of collectivity, networks, belonging and identity. It is concluded that both are used in an articulated manner, which presupposes a reflection on people's ways of life and the relationships they establish with their living spaces in search of an intervention that promotes the weaving of solidarity in places as one of the purposes of the technical action.
Projeto e construção de pré-amplificadores de áudio valvulados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-10-31) Magalhães, Bruno Trefilio; De Francisco, Carlos Alberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1246572405382250; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7547498992247322
This paper describes the design and construction of tube audio preamps for vinyl record playback and tone control. The phono preamp is designed to correct the RIAA recording curve present on vinyl records. The two band tone control is a device that allows you to adjust bass and treble during sound reproduction. The use of a high voltage regulated power supply is built to reduce the noise reproduced in the audio. Both preamps built were compared with available ones on the market, proving competitive and satisfactory performance.
“Vai buscar jongueiro aonde está, com o jongo temos que continuar”: um estudo da continuidade no jongo.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-10-31) Alvarez, Iana Lopes; Andrello, Geraldo Luciano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5447074379881029; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8568201726113691
Jongo is a common dance in southeastern Brazil and performed by black groups or communities - urban or rural. It is recognized as a traditional practice in maintaining drumming, dancing, dress, song form and articulation, as well as bonding with ancestors - both to appropriate their knowledge and to greet them. The jongo was made Intangible Cultural Heritage of Brazil because it has the characteristics of “Afro-Brazilian cultural manifestation, which comprises the elements: dancing to the sound of drums and singing with magic-poetic elements” (Iphan, 2007). From materials elaborated on the jongo, with the Iphan Dossier, the historiographic and anthropological bibliography, I return to some elaborate themes, such as African acculturation and crossbreeding. These studies made important contributions to black culture approaches in Brazil, and generally formulated analyzes of the origins of jongo and its relationship with society. Supported by the community of Jongo de Piquete, located in Piquete - a city of the state of São Paulo, I propose to highlight other practitioners agencies to maintain the jongo, the intrinsic relations to its practice and what are the disagreements with the reference literature. Throughout the reflection, I suggest that continuity is a purpose that connects families, ancestors, drums and times, as relevant as the bonds they produce with their surroundings. This paper seeks to contribute to anthropological debates about traditional practices and communities.
Desenvolvimento de biossensores eletroquímicos utilizando acetilcolinesterase visando identificar extratos e substâncias para o controle de formigas cortadeiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-10-31) Araújo, Sean dos Santos; Fernandes, João Batista; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691336077459602; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7181896069596980
Brazil, which is a continental country, has an appropriate climate for various agricultural practices. Insects, in general, are considered pests for agricultural areas, among them, an Atta sexdens rubropilosa (leafcutter ant) that attacks as eucalyptus, pine plantations among others. Control of this pest becomes essential for the best productivity of cultivated areas. This control can be directed to inhibition of enzymes present in the target insect organism. In this line, the present work aims to immobilize the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in SPEs (screen printed electrode), using the layer-by-layer technique, using AuNPs-GSH (glutathione-decorated gold nanoparticles) and EDC reagents ( 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide) and HOBt (Hydroxybenzotriazole) which establish the covalent bonds responsible for immobilizing an AchE in the SPEs. Electrochemical responses confirm effective immobilization of the enzyme with this developed protocol. For inhibition assays, Azadiractin limonoid, Toona ciliata crude extract and Picramnia riedelli and P. ciliata crude extracts showed significant inhibition percentage against AChE. The 1H NMR spectra of the crude extracts used were obtained to propose natural compounds present in them and to indicate possible relationships with the results of the enzymatic assays. These extracts showed good insecticidal activity against the leafcutter ant.
Estudo de ligas Ti-Nb-Zr e Ti-Nb-Mg, fundidas e na forma de recobrimentos sobre aço inoxidável, para aplicações biomédicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-10-31) Cruz, Ernesto David Gonzalez; Conrado, Ramos Moreira Afonso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453; Nascente, Pedro Augusto de Paula; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1387043320265189; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4330577960329954
In the present thesis, nanostructured coatings of Ti (100 - (20 + z)) -Nb20-Xz alloys (X = Zr and Mg) were produced by sputtering. So with that, it was possible to analyze the effect of the addition of Zr and Mg on the physical, mechanical, morphological, structural and biological behavior compared to the same alloys made by casting in copper mold. The results show that Zr has an effect on the formation of phases, texture, mechanical and biological properties of the TiNb system for both cast alloys and coatings, since low levels favor the formation of martensitic phases regardless of the cooling rate, and in the coatings the precipitation of the ω phase, but for Zr contents greater than 20 at. %, it occurs the stabilization of the β phase. Also, the addition of zirconium causes the presence of texture in the coatings, which is similar to the melted alloys rapidly solidified. In addition, a decrease in both the elastic modulus and the hardness of the cast alloys, reaching values close to the bone with the increase in the cooling rate. While for Mg, the structural, morphological, mechanical and tribological properties depend on the transformation from α to β phase with increasing Mg content. Biologically, the alloys had an increase in cell growth, showing the potential of these systems for their possible use in the manufacture of medical implantation devices.