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Necessidades formativas de professores que atuam nos espaços de privação de liberdade em Cuiabá e Várzea Grande-MT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-04) Moraes, Luciana Ferreira da Silva; Onofre, Elenice Maria Cammarosano; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9391211432183878; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1220555321388195
The educational actions developed by professionals of Basic Education of the state schools of Mato Grosso take place in the school spaces through a study project elaborated “from a situational diagnosis with the use of techniques and resources that point out the potentialities, needs and difficulties of students within learning and teaching process” (SEDUC, 2018, p. 2).Whereas this context, this study aims to analyze the teacher education needs who work in classrooms in the prison unities of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande-MT. In order to achieve the proposed objective, this study seeks to answer the following question: Which educational needs emerge in the processes of experiences and in the teachers’ sayings who work in classrooms in the prison unities of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande-MT? This is a qualitative approach study, developed based on field research. For data collection, the following techniques were used: participant observation in the weekly educational meetings of the Teacher Education Program at School and also conducting narrative interviews. The treatment of the obtained data was done through the content analysis proposed by Bardin (2016).The study collaborators are: the teacher educator responsible for accompaniment to educational meetings of Teacher Education Program at School and the teachers involved in this educational event. With this study, based on Paulo Freire’s Liberating Pedagogy, it was found that teachers present collective, contextual and individual educational needs. The collective educational needs, at mostly, come from the context where it was developed the educational practice. From this, it emerges the main challenge and, in the same time, it was arranged as a collective educational need: articulation between theory and practice. In addition, there are contextual educational needs where come from spaces of deprivation of liberty, an environment marked by rules, disciplines and apart students, for a period of time, from social interaction. Lastly, the analysis of the set of data showed that teachers are in stages of distinct career, have a variety of academic education, singular histories of personal and professional life and these aspects point to individual educational needs referred to their education, work and concerned area. The variety of educational needs identified demonstrate the relevance of (re)thinking about Continuing Educational of these teachers who work on education at prison.
Seleção de sistemas de isolamento térmico multi-componentes para fornos de altas temperaturas baseada no desempenho térmico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-04) Santos, Denis Prado; Mello, Rodrigo Fernandes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6840478133476887; Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1790820662949744
Controlled heating through furnace development has allowed the humankind to mold the matter to obtain various products for several different purposes. However, some of them require high-temperature processes so that the necessary physical and chemical reactions can occur, leading to local temperature increase and high energy consumption. Refractory ceramic materials are used for lining the walls of furnaces, in order to reduce the heat dissipation from the heating chamber, and thus minimizing the required thermal energy for keeping its high temperatures. Nevertheless, there is a huge number of commercial insulating materials available, with several properties ranges, that could be used for furnace design, making the selection of the optimal combination of materials a difficult task. This work explores the possibility of using computational tools for the modeling and optimization, providing data-driven recommendations for furnace designers to choose suitable insulating systems. Thus, an evolutionary screening procedure (ESP), based on finite element method and stochastic optimization by multi-objective genetic algorithms, was developed and evaluated on a case-study related to an electric resistance furnace operating up to 1600$^o$C. The ESP has shown to be very efficient, requiring computations on a very small fraction of the total insulating systems possibilities, 3.8\%, in order to recommend a set of optimized combinations of refractory ceramics materials. The obtained results also allowed further analysis of the optimized set, which highlighted important aspects of furnace designing and insulating product costs and benefits. Additionally, three hyperparameters of the proposed algorithm were optimized such that its search effectiveness was improved while reducing execution time.
Resíduos de cama de frango para fabricação de biochar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-04) Pereira, Moisés Edevaldo; Varanda, Luciano Donizeti; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9095009636880827; Yamaji, Fábio Minoru; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4787449634914831; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9842101432791601
Brazil has a large generation of poultry litter, as a result of its worldwide prominence in the production of broiler chicken. The poultry litter biomass generates considerable environmental impacts according to its volume produced. Thus, the general objective of this work was to characterize the poultry litter biomass to verify the possibility of using as a raw material for biochar manufacture. To characterize the poultry litter, was analyzed samples of sawdust pine, poultry litter with 1 and 2 lots of broiler chicken. Were performed immediate analyze, moisture, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (MEV), dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDS) and macro and micronutrient analysis were performed only with poultry litter with 1 and 2 lots of broiler chicken (chapter 2). For the manufacture of biochar, were used 5 treatments with the following residence times: 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours. The biochar produced were subjected to immediate analysis, moisture, gravimetric yield, scanning electron microscopy (MEV), dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDS) and higher heating value (HHV), shown in chapter 3. The results showed that poultry litter biomass has great potential for biochar manufacture, with expressive values of phosphorus, potassium, calcium and others, and pH of 8.4, important characteristics for biochar with soil use. The results showed that the best conditions for biochar manufacture are with pyrolysis temperature of 450 °C and residence time of 0.5 hour, with high gravimetric yield of 37.21%. The studies also concluded that use of both biomass and biochar are not indicated for use in energy due to characteristics such as moisture, ash content and higher heating value.