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Racismo ambiental e violência identitária: um estudo sociológico dos impactos socioambientais de projetos de barragens no estado do Mato Grosso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-10) Poquiviqui, Agilson; Martins, Rodrigo Constante; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6617183095074852; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5932989317554688
This thesis aims to understand the social and identity impacts in the life of the affected caused by the probable establishment of the dam of the Castanheira Hydroelectric Power Plant, located in the city of Juara, Mato Grosso. The realization of this venture in the region can, directly or indirectly, reach indigenous, riverside and fishermen ethnic groups of the Arinos Valley region, in so far as it promotes not only environmental inequalities, characteristics of this type of mega water investment, but above all by inducing society to new modalities of environmental racism towards the social agents of the flooded area. Power generation policies based on water resources have met capitalist interests, as well as the market, which has become increasingly aggressive, thus disregarding the position of social agents, alienating them from their rights and confronting their freedoms. The approach to the problem in question is via qualitative social research. More specifically, the social and environmental problems that transform the relationships of these social agents will be approached from the beginning of the case studies, focusing on life stories. For data generation were used documentary research and semi-structured interviews, as well as photocumentation and field notebook. The consequences of the construction of the HPP consists, to a certain extent, in the denial of rights and disrespect for the freedom of those affected, especially in relation to the different ways of being and being in the world, ie, there is no respect for identities and memories. For it is perceived apparent disregard for the material and immaterial goods of these peoples. Such evidence is a form of environmental racism, which occurs from the planning stage, and even before the project obtains a land occupation license, the life expectancies of those affected are already affected.
Os efeitos e as medidas: crise e contrarreformas e as respostas da FEM-CUT/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-10) Pereira, Eduardo José Rezende; Carvalho, Joelson Gonçalves de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0141039743607067; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3848510860452930
The international crisis of the capitalist system affects the economic development indices of central and peripheral countries. Brazil feels the deepening effects of this economic crisis along with a political crisis, which places employers' interests on the government's agenda. Deindustrialization and the retrogression of social and labor legislation cause difficulties in the form of collective organization of the working class. We seek to understand how the Federation of Metalworkers Unions of the Central Única de Trabalhadores de São Paulo (FEM-CUT/SP) operates in this scenario, mapping its responses and classifying them in two ways: those related to organizational and financial changes of the entity, and also those related to readjustments of tactics and political discourse.
Simulação da transferência de calor em um biorreator de leito empacotado operado em modo pseudo-contínuo (BLEPC) para fermentação em estado sólido (FES)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-10) Calixto, Lucas de Oliveira; Casciatori, Fernanda Perpétua; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1269950652196294; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2087504555869417
The pursuit of renewable energy sources and economically viable methods in energy production has become imperative nowadays. In developing countries with high availability of arable land, there is the possibility of exploring agricultural and forest crops to obtain biomass with potential for bioenergy production. Producing enzymes necessary for the synthesis of biofuels may represent an important step for the economic viability of the production routes. Due to the need for acid and/or hot pretreatment in the biomass used for second generation bioethanol and biodiesel production, solid state fermentation emerges as an alternative bioprocess for the production of these enzymes, as it favors the adaptation of thermophilic filamentous fungi that produce thermostable enzymes, which may act at acidic pHs. The absence of movement in packed-bed bioreactors is ideal for the growth of shear-sensitive filamentous fungi. However, using such reactors is likely to result on reduced yield due to overheating and drying of the medium due to air percolation, and their industrial applicability is hampered by not allowing a continuous process. This paper presented data obtained via computational simulation on MATLAB of a pseudo-continuous process, aiming to describe temperature and growth profiles along a modular packed-bed reactor, which promotes an intermittent semi-continuous plug-flow on a solid-state fermentation. Two filamentous fungi - Myceliophthora thermophila and Aspergillus niger - were studied for different modular exchange times, obtaining up to 1.67% of maximum bioreactor temperature reduction when compared to the traditional batch process. Although it still needs further studies of its applicability to industrial processes, the modular bioreactor proved to be a promising alternative to solid-state fermentation, as it presented reduction in maximum bioreactor temperature and it allows for a semi-continuous process mode with removal of fermentation product on intervals equal to the time between modular change.
Ação da supervisão de ensino paulista: legal-racional e patrimonialista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-10) Piccoli, Denise Fujihara; Riscal, Sandra Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0328618752218708; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0169735705679214
This research aims at analysing the teaching supervisor actions at the State Department of Education of the State of São Paulo. The position of teaching supervisor is the one which, since its origin, would be in charge of guaranteeing the actions standardization of the actions of the teaching system as well as eliminating the local practices which still show a patrimonial character by law enforcement and monitoring. This research is based on the theoretical framework developed by Max Weber. The main purpose of this study is to understand the activities developed by the teaching supervisor at the State Department of Education of the State of São Paulo from 2012 to 2016. To achieve this goal, five attributions of the teaching supervisor will be analysed: 1) the provision of classes for hired teachers; 2) recruitment of teaching coordinators for the Pedagogical Area; 3) recruitment of school principals to work at schools which participate in the “Integral Education Program”; 4) the transference process of the teaching supervisor, and 5) the process of substitution of the teaching supervisor. We also aim at identifying the possibility of the presence of traditional elements resulted from a patrimonial legacy originated from the formation of the Brazilian State and the rational elements introduced in the nineteenth century. Our purpose is to understand the practices of this professional, whose function, among others, is to guide and supervise others in terms of their adherence to the guidelines, seeking to standardize the procedures and to eliminate individual interferences. To achieve this goal, this paper analyse the Federal Register of São Paulo and information from people whose function are listed above was collected. It is observed that, even today, the actions of teaching supervisor has not been able to guarantee that local actions follow the same principle in every educational system nor succeed in the annulment of patrimonialist practices.
Caracterização da entomofauna em áreas iniciais de restauração ecológica com sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) e plantio misto com espécies nativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-10) Providello, Alexandra; Penha, Alessandra dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9799774247477252; Fujihara, Ricardo Toshio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1863735094370774; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2776-5559; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5614123753434396
Agroforestry systems (AFS) are consortia of crops with tree species and can be used as an alternative for the ecological restoration of degraded forest ecosystems. However, little is known about the entomofauna in newly implemented systems. The objective of this study was to characterize the edaphic entomofauna in the initial areas of two models of ecological restoration: AFS and conventional restoration, under different weed management. The study was conducted at CCA/UFSCar, Araras, SP, in four areas (2,160m2 each): AFS with herbicide application (SAFh), AFS with mechanized brush cutting (SAFm), conventional herbicide restoration (RCh), and restoration with mechanized mowing (RCm). In the AFS areas, seedlings of 10 pioneer or secondary native tree species (n = 120) were planted, along with coffee as an agricultural species in the planting lines; in conventional restoration, only seedlings of 20 native tree species (n = 240) were planted. Entomofauna was collected in July and December 2017 using pitfall traps (n = 10), arranged in a transect 4 m equidistant from each other, and left in the field for 120 hours. A total of 11,472 individuals were sampled, distributed in 11 orders and 48 families. The most representative groups were Collembola (55.19%), Hymenoptera: Formicidae (32.28%), Coleoptera: Carabidae (3.62%), and Diptera: Cecidomyiidae (1.66%). A significant difference was observed in abundance (number of individuals per arm-1) between the areas by the Kruskal Wallis test (H = 15.45, p = 0.0014), but not for richness (n) and diversity (H) (P <0.05): SAFh (29, 1.21), SAFm (30, 1.04), CRh (28, 1.37), CRh (36, 1.52). Restoration models and weed control methods influenced only the abundance of insects. As these are areas in the early stages of the restoration process, monitoring will continue to evaluate possible changes in entomofauna dynamics.
Estudantes indígenas e os desafios pedagógicos no ensino superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-10) Oliveira, Sirlene Maria Dias de; Reyes, Cláudia Raimundo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5187942717120318; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0593765673749742
The Affirmative Action Policies in rules ways are to attend the demands of different collectives discriminated by social-economics exclusions occasioned in the past or the present. These actions aim to extinguish discriminations of caste, ethnic, racial, religious, gender. In Brazil, we made legal advances in educational terms by implementing higher education vacancy reserve policies. In this context, this research is part of the policies of reserving vacancies instituted at the Federal University of Tocantins, UFT, adopted since 2004, which aims to promote the democratization of access of indigenous people. I chose the empirical locus of research, specifically the Palmas Campus, and the interlocutors, indigenous students of different ethnics. The general purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the pedagogical challenges faced by indigenous students at the university. And to achieve this general intent, initially, this study was based on the bibliographic research, succinctly, from Brazilian colonization, more specific in the Jesuit period until the present, in which was necessary to make a historic rescue under the educational vision observing above all its social and political dimensions to a better comprehension the needs of these people to enter high education. In the documental research phase, the Institutional Development Plans, PDI, were analyzed as primary sources and the Institutional Minutes as secondary sources. On the empirical research, which adopted as the main method of data collection the strategies of wheel conversations approaching some access, permanency, academic performance themed discussions. In this way, it demonstrates, in conclusion, that the inclusion policies of minorities excluded from the high education system had a significative advance. Over the past decade, access to “the different” has been provided through the affirmative action policy, vacancy reserve, also known as “quotas”. However, the diverse pedagogic and economic challenges still exist to be overcome by the indigenous students as well the university, in the way that offering access with different rules is not enough, it is needed to adopt permanency policies beyond the economic mechanism, scholarship, that prioritize the academic formation with strategies dissimilar to overcome the pedagogic challenges, that recognize them and work their differences, but don't downgrade them, otherwise it will be reinforcing the exclusion.
Efeitos da implantação da UHE Colíder na dinâmica fluvial e na qualidade da água do curso médio do Rio Teles Pires (Mato Grosso)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-10) Andrade, Leila Nalis Paiva da Silva; Souza, Célia Alves de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4260661798494235; Santino, Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2356641063223397; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4143427821662491
This study aimed to discuss the process of land occupation and land use, as well as evaluating river dynamics and water quality in the middle course of the Teles Pires river. This study is predicated on the hypothesis that the construction and installation of a dam on the river, which is associated with deforestation, altered the fluvial dynamics of the stretch under study, as well as affecting water quality. Five sampling campaigns were carried out—2016/2, 2017/2 and 2018/2 (July/drought) 2017/1 and 2018/1 (January/rainy)—for collection of sediment, soil and water, instrumentalization, and monitoring of the river banks. We conducted analyses of the granulometric composition of soil and sediments, using the sieving, evaporation and pipette method. We also used Kruskal-Wallis and principal component analysis (PCA) to statistically test limnological variables, hydrodynamics and bank erosion. In laboratory, we calculated water flow, the water quality index (WQI), soil loss, and the magnitude of erosion. Maps (location, land cover and land use) and sketches (cross-section, longitudinal, and erosion of the banks) were created. The results of the first chapter covered the environmental characterization and morphometry of the watershed and river stretch under study. The Teles Pires river was classified as an 8th-order channel, meandering and with rectilinear stretches. The second chapter presented the processes of land occupation and land use in the last 30 years, such as urbanization, agricultural activities and the installation of the Colíder Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP), in the municipalities of Itaúba, Colíder and Nova Canaã do Norte. In the next chapter, we quantified the hydrodynamic variables and bank erosion before and after the installation of the power plant. The results indicate that there were significant alterations in the river channel, which changed from a lotic to a lentic environment. The banks eroded slowly, becoming subject to the process of corrosion. However, we found that erosion increased by 12% in 2018 compared to 2017. In the fourth chapter, we quantified the input of sediment transport in the Teles Pires river. Sand, silt, clay, and larger grains such as blocks, pebbles and granules were observed on the bottom of the channel. In this chapter, we also addressed the forms of hydrotransported sediment deposits in the river channel, such as islands and bars. The final chapter presents the results of limnological variables and the water quality. Studies have shown that weighting indicates optimal values in 2018/2, compared to the beginning of monitoring, the WQI value is decreasing. We can confirm that several Permanent Preservation Areas have been deforested for the installation and operation of the Colíder HPP. These hydropower projects bring benefits with the generation of electricity, but they cause harm over time, and at a certain point the damage to the environment will be irreversible. Therefore, studies that monitor the hydrosedimentology and water quality of river networks are extremely relevant, especially when changes become harmful to biota.
Dispositivo de Selagem para Manipulador Industrial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-10) Barone, Lucas Caliento; Inoue, Roberto Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6221209121565990; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3392260397812733
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Modelos multivariados para dados de contagem com excesso de zeros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-10) Santana, Rogério Alves; Andrade Filho, Marinho Gomes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4126245980112687; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9009192033753429
In this thesis we present two new distributions for modeling multivariate counting data with overdispersion or underdispersion, zeros excess and correlation. Named the zero-inflated multivariate COM-Poisson (ZICOMP Type I) and (ZICOMP Type III) distributions, their constructs were based on the extent in of the zero-inflated multivariate Poisson distributions ZIP Type I and ZIP Type III in ((LIU; TIAN, 2015); (TIAN et al., 2014)). We developed important theoretical properties of the two distributions, their regression models, likelihood ratio hypothesis testing to help choose the best model, and a diagnostic analysis for the ZICOMP Type I distribution regression model. The proposed distributions showed in both simulation study good results and real data analysis. In a real data analysis the proposed distributions showed better adjustments when compared to the ZIP Type I and ZIP Type III distributions, according to the Akaike (AIC) and Bayesian (BIC) information criteria.
Perspectiva e experiências dos trabalhadores rurais da cooperativa mista de Novo Horizonte do norte-MT
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-10) Crubelati, Ariele Mazoti; Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6900284589755824
The general objective of the study was to analyze the limits and potentialities of cooperativism and to understand the historical construction of the production of material life of COOPERNONTE members to constitute themselves as a cooperative. The specific objectives were (i) to reconstruct the history of the cooperative from the existing documentation and memory of the members; (ii) demographically describe the members and family; (iii) describe the dynamics of the cooperative; (iv) analyze the limits and potentialities of the members‟ material production in the reproduction of their social existence as rural settlers; and (v) understand the intrinsic challenges in cooperative relationships and cooperative work with family farmers in these settlements. Our questions aimed to understand which representations about workers‟ cooperativism are present and dispute the organizational process of COOPERNONTE? The research uses as a strategy of searching information the interview with the members and their families and daily observations, recorded in a field notebook. Approaching the conception that elects the oral narratives, the images and the own memories of the members as a research source, we use the Oral History as a methodological tool. The research looks beyond the cooperative, paying attention to its members, because the cooperative institution does not necessarily represent a cooperative work. By listening to them and tracing their historical reality, both individual and collective, of the rural man, migrant, settler of agrarian reform, small producer and cooperative member of the Mato Grosso microregion, our research expectation was to understand their motivations and how they support themselves in maintaining in society, in an attempt to analyze work as an educational principle. Assuming that the cooperative is politicized is to define that it is based on the precepts of solidarity, cooperation and other assumptions defended by the solidarity economy. However, the solidarity economy is mistaken in the idea that a course, lectures or the engagement of people who defend it will make them solidary. It takes more than that. It is necessary to listen, interpret, dialogue and understand what the subjects have to say about the cooperative and not tell them how it has to be a cooperative; think about how the real cooperative works and not the idealized cooperative. The producers have a lot to say about the cooperative, they know it very well, because it is their creation. COOPERNONTE is not a cooperative whose main premise is self-management, solidarity or solidarity economy. This may be a problem for us as researchers, as academy, but not for this group of members. Not defending the banner of solidarity economy, for example, does not mean that these workers are not working together and thinking collectively. We realize in these producers that more than thinking about guiding concepts, their sense of belonging to a group motivates them as a cooperative. Recognition, especially through work, as a settler, a small dairy producer, cooperative member and active in society, is what encourages their daily struggles and motivates them as a cooperative.