Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2019-12-16"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8

Associação entre marcadores inflamatórios e obesidade sarcopênica em idosos em contexto de vulnerabilidade social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16) Ribeiro, Julio Cesar; Zazzetta, Marisa Silvana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2350656835896699; Cominetti, Márcia Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3725318894555272; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8000723402067094
The aging of the world population is the result of environmental factors and technical and scientific advances, which have provided greater longevity. Among the changes resulting from the aging process, changes in body composition are frequently observed. Throughout the aging process, there is a marked progressive loss of muscle mass and strength, called sarcopenia and dynapenia, respectively. We can also mention the physiological changes and body composition that occur during aging, which affect the muscular system, we can include the increase of noncontractile tissue (fat and connective tissue) in the muscle. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to verify whether there are differences in relation to anthropometric, metabolic and inflammatory factors between elderly people with obesity and sarcopenia, alone or together, compared with elderly people who do not have these conditions. A total of 852 older adults registered in the health system database of the Family Health Unit (USF) located in a place of high social vulnerability in the city of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, called “Cidade Aracy”, were registered in a databank. Of these, 342 participants were allocated and divided into four groups, namely: obese, sarcopenic, obese sarcopenic and eutrophic (non-obese) and nonsarcopenic participants. The results indicated several differences in relation to the variables studied between all groups. In highlight, we observed that individuals with sarcopenic obesity were predominantly women, with lower levels of physical activity, higher glycemic levels, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides and growth hormone (GH). These participants also had lower levels of vitamin D and higher levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF a, compared to the other study groups. The results of this study may help to better characterize the condition of sarcopenic obesity and propose preventive actions for this condition in the older adults who live in conditions of high social vulnerability.
Modelos de mistura para avaliação de produtos e serviços
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16) Polli, Démerson André; Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2232458627101944
The product (or services) evaluation is a necessity in many steps of the development and release of such producs (services). The product evolution and the market share definition are two steps that evolves some kind of evaluation. Although, the evaluation occur by assigning grades not related with the perception of the product (service) quality –assigning values at random. This work presents 4 new models, 2 of them based on the CUB (Combined Uniform and shifted Binomial) model, for evaluation of items where there are two or more levels of preference by the evaluators and may have evaluators assigning grades at random.
Estudo dinâmico de fluidos magneto-reológicos de baixo custo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16) Kuramoto, Pedro Paulo; Shiki, Sidney Bruce; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523
Magnetorheological (MR) fluids are materials composed of magnetizable particles suspended in a non-magnetizable “carrier” fluid. These materials have the ability to change their rheological properties in the presence of a magnetic field. Due to this characteristic, these fluids have been studied for engineering applications. To carry out this work, an MR fluid was synthesized in a simple way with low-cost materials, to be used in the tests, in order to verify the influence of the magnetic field on the damping effect of this synthesized fluid. For this purpose, tests were carried out without and with the magnetic field, the application of the magnetic field was generated by permanent neodymium magnets. As a result, it was obtained that the MR fluid composed of oil and toner has the ability to change the damping coefficient in the presence of a magnetic field. From this it was concluded that an MR fluid made from oil and toner could have applications in engineering in the future, thus enabling the reduction of the cost of equipment that uses this fluid.
Relação entre urbanização e integridade biótica de florestas nativas.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16) Giacon, Vanessa Peixoto; Valente, Roberta Averna de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1582627535733911; Leite, Eliana Cardoso ; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2186623269243747; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9743254680044408
Facing the unbridled anthropic actions, the fragmentation and disturbance of urban forest fragments have been causing, on a global scale, the decline of species populations, genetic losses, extinction processes, reduction of ecosystem services and contributing to climate change. It is necessary to evaluate how much urban forests are impacted by the urbanization process, and under what conditions they can or cannot, to continue over time. Therefore, the objective of this research was to analyze if there is a relation between the environmental quality of urban forest fragments and the presence of urbanized areas in the surroundings. The diagnosis of environmental quality was performed in seven native forest fragments, in Southeastern Brazil, through the application of a Biotic Integrity Index (IIB) on the spot. Considering the complexity of the landscape, the analyses were structured combining the land use and cover survey, landscape indices (AREA, PARA-Ratio, SHAPE, ENN and NEAR) and the biotic integrity index (IIB) of the analyzed fragments. For this, two analysis scales were adopted: (1) landscape scale and (2) fragment scale (or local scale). In the landscape scale, the data showed that there was a relationship with the size of the urban forest fragment and its biotic integrity, as well as the inversely proportional relationship between integrity and perimeter/area, that is, the smaller the perimeter the larger the IIB, showed. There is also shown the lack of relationship between fragment shape and distance from the nearest neighbor with biotic integrity, as well as the proximity of the urbanized area with the IIB. In the fragment scale, the hypothesis of this study was corroborated, demonstrating that there is a relationship between the quality of urban forest fragments and the urbanized area, validating that the distance from the urbanized area influenced the increase of epiphytes, diameter and height of the trees, as well as late species in the canopy, which indicate good biotic integrity. In contrast, the fragments near the urban area and the edge obtained an increase in the presence of clearings, lianas, grasses, dead trees and exotic species, variables that are bad indications for biotic integrity, impairing the preservation of local biodiversity and maintenance of ecosystem services. Finally, it is strategically recommended the management remnants of urban forest, promoting the improvement of their environmental quality, seeking to mitigate the effects of urbanization, and thus preserve their capacity to remain in the landscape.
Influência do albedo de pavimentos no campo térmico de cânions urbanos: estudo de modelo em escala reduzida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16) Kowalski, Luiz Fernando; Kakuda, Francis Massashi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1124676492797832; Masiero, Érico; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691827106518167; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8500644020097476
The urban climate is directly influenced by the growth of the cities. By means of infrastructure expansion, the road network becomes a constituent part of this scenario and proportionally responsible for the interferences in local microclimate. This way, urban layout and morphology should promote ventilation, shading and temperature control of the built environment in order to reduce climatic effects, such as the urban heat islands. Thus, this research seeks to analyze the effect of pavement albedo on temperature reduction of urban canyons, through a reduced scale model. The method consists of monitoring thermal variables in a physical model. This model was constructed with four different colours of pavement 8 cm thick, 120 cm wide and 500 cm long, separated laterally by 40 cm and 80 cm high barriers, in two urban configurations. The material taken as reference will be the flexible dark asphalt pavement, in relation to the interlocking semi-permeable concrete floor, in the gray, red and graphite colours. The choice of asphalt material as the reference is justified by its wide use in built urban space of Brazil, which provides a better characterization of the real environment. In the instrumentation step, anemometers and hygrometers were installed to evaluate the air movement and the relative humidity of the period; and thermocouples to collect surface temperature, air temperature, and radiant temperature data at different levels and morphologies. Through the results analysis, it is seen that the orientation of the canyon, the increase of the aspect ratio, albedo differences and the surface moisture content, can cause temperature variations in the built environment. Finally, the albedo of urban pavements can contribute to the mitigation of urban heat islands.
Trabalho e gênero: trabalhadores e trabalhadoras embarcados na pesca turística no pantanal mato-grossense
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16) Dutton, Aline Pereira; Lima, Carlos Jacob; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244132532446607; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3479057146158628
This research is part of the discussion about labour relationships and gender. We intend to study the male and female workers’ perception of the sexual division in the offshore work in fish tourism in Pantanal, Mato Grosso, to analyze how the working relationships on board operate power relationships and hierarchize the social relationships that go beyond the workspace. Our research problem is how do men and women act and justify the sexual division of labor in a space where that division gets mixed up?The research universe comprises men and women who work in different occupations at the boats - hotels, that operate in the fishing tourism sector at the Pantanal(swamp) region of Cáceres - MT. These workers are confined for five to seven days, during the fishing season, commonly between March and October. The research has its originality because it is consolidated in the largest area of the Pantanal Mato-Grossense and focuses, above all, on the sexual division of the work embarked on river hotel companies. Observations have been conducted in the workplace (city harbour and boats) and semistructured interviews and a socioeconomic questionnaire have been held. Empirical data has shown that offshore work is mostly made up of men, aged between 30 and 49 years old, who have worked in this sector for an average of 10 years. Among the vessels operating in the sector, only three boats have female workers in jobs which have been historically and socially been considered women’s jobs. The main reasons that contribute to the non-insertion and / or permanence of women in the context of offshore work are the following: the boat’s infrastructure; confinement associated with homelessness; affective relationships and gender division of labour. We have noticed that offshore work is permeated by ambiguities and contradictions that reinforce the social arrangements and bonds imbricated by violence not visible in the perception of male and female workers, naturalized by the habitus. Hierarchical and power relationships emerge from the organizational and operational configuration of work, the job functions performed, as well as the established social relationships. The workers perception reiterates the embodied naturalization of femininity and masculinity in private and public spheres, reproducing forms of symbolic domination between genders.
Hôxwa e palhaças - o riso e o humor nas relações de alteridade Krahô
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16) Silva, Maurício Caetano da; Cohn, Clarice; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1714080901123094; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4951053190531284
This dissertation is an ethnography about the manifestation of humor among the Krahô (TO). Will a presentation few moments of the field research in the Krahô villages Pedra Branca and Manuel Alves, where the laugh is present and revel moments of the alterity in and out of the ritual Yetÿopi, the Potato Festival. The figure of the hôxwa take the central place in this ethnography because they are the prerogative that organize the ritual, they dance around the campfire, they make a comic dance and arouse interest of the comics artists non-indigenous (clowns). Recognizing the humor like a technique of sharing of the knowledge and of maintenance of the alterity to the Krahô, here will show the Yetÿopi ritual in the Manuel Alves, in 2018, with the presence of clowns of the Povo Parrir’s caravan and the hôxwa in comics presentations in the SESC-SP.
O jogo e o conceito de número na educação infantil segundo os pressupostos da teoria histórico-cultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2019-12-16) Nogueira, Amanda de Luca Menezes; Tedeschi, Wania; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5743322664981581; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9089088008039895
The methods used to teach and learn mathematics is still a challenge for teachers, specially in early years education. Based on that, this research aims to identify and analyze manners how students in nursery schools might assimilate conceptual links through bowling under pedagogical guiding. This study was carried out in a public school for early years education located in São Carlos county, in São Paulo countryside state. In total, 37 kids registered to that school into the grade 6 for children taken part from that experience. In order to understand the forms of conceptual assimilation of mathematics for the children, a qualitative approach was adopted. The analyzes were based on the assumptions of Historical-Cultural Psychology and Leontiev's Activity Theory with emphasis on playing with the child's main activity and responsible for the main changes in his development. Playing games to teach math has been understood as an activity in which human beings reconstructs social relations and form higher psychic functions by appropriating the social experience of humanity. Thus development is considered eminently historical and determined by mediated sociocultural relations. Taking as an activity of analysis the bowling game, the experiment had as its guiding question to understand what is the possibility of children of kindergarten to emerge conceptual links (internal and external) that are presented in the mathematical concept of number during a guiding teaching activity?