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Distribuições discretas zero-modificadas para modelar dados de contagem zeros faltantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-24)
Mascarin, Isis Fernanda
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Conceição, Katiane Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5789619620619667
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2019010537446525
The analysis of count data takes an important place in applied statistics, since many real problems are expressed in terms of counts. Frequently, count data sets have discrepancies in the frequency of the zero observation, which may be high or low, and in these cases the set is referred as zero-inflated or zero-deflated, respectively. Besides, there are situations where the zero observation does not occur in the data set, and often zero-truncated models are inadequately considered, since there is a positive probability (and not a null one) for such event, although it has not occurred. The main aim of this dissertation is to present the procedure for parameter estimation of the zero-modified distributions in situations where the frequency of zero observation in the data set is zero and the occurrence probability of this same value is positive (zero-deflated). The proposed methodology considers the estimation of missing zeros in the data set consisting only of positive observations, such that the increased data set (with the estimated zeros included) can be explained by a traditional distribution. Moments and maximum likelihood methods are considered for the estimation procedure using the estimation-maximization algorithm. Simulation and artificial data studies are used to evaluate the properties of the estimators and estimates obtained. Real data sets with different cases of zero-modification are also analyzed.
Coensino e Educação Física Escolar: perspectivas colaborativas para a inclusão de estudantes com deficiência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-24)
Gatti, Melina Radaelli
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Munster, Mey de Abreu Van
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7861049737421476
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7187512951398411
The enrollment of students with disabilities in ordinary schools has increased steadily in recent years. From the perspective of inclusive education, school physical education has sought to ensure opportunities for effective participation for students with disabilities, however, the physical education teacher still faces many challenges. Among the various difficulties faced by this professional, the lack of support services for inclusion in his area stands out. As a consequence, most students with disabilities are attending classes, but are not effectively participating in activities related to this curricular component. Then there is an interest in investigating the co-teaching as a possibility of support service for the Physical Education teacher. Thus, the general objective of the study focuses on analyzing the possibilities and limitations of the co-teaching as a support service to promote the inclusion of students with disabilities in the context of school Physical Education, from a collaborative perspective. Specifically, it is intended: to describe and analyze the forms of intervention with the protagonist agents (Physical Education Teacher, student with disabilities and their peers) involved in this process; to identify the different types of support provided by the collaborating teacher, a specialist in Special Education (researcher) in school Physical Education classes; and to evaluate co-teaching based intervention from the perspective of Physical Education teachers. This is a study with a qualitative approach, characterized as collaborative research. Data collection was carried out in two municipal schools in a small city in the interior of the state of São Paulo, selected for convenience criteria. The participants were three Physical Education teachers, their respective classes and a collaborating teacher specialized in school Physical Education. The role of collaborating teacher was played by the researcher, a specialist in Physical Education at School and Special Education. As instruments of data collection, semi-structured interviews and systematic observation were used. The treatment of the data was based on thematic analysis and the results were presented in three parts: step I describes the intervention with each of the participants (case 1, case 2 and case 3), highlighting the various phases of collaborative action (communication, co-planning, codocence, co-evaluation); stage II addresses the support modalities of the co-teaching in Physical Education classes; stage III covers the co-teaching from the perspective of the participating teachers, according to the following thematic categories: 1. inclusion in Physical Education classes; 2. Interpersonal relationships, a) teacher x student with disabilities, b) student with disabilities x class; 3. collaboration / co-teaching. It is concluded that the co-teaching, as a teaching model and support service, provided different supports favorable to the inclusion process of students with disabilities; it was possible to apply the co-teaching models found in the literature, verifying the effectiveness of this collaborative intervention in the context of school Physical Education.
Recreio escolar de crianças do ensino fundamental: contexto educativo para participação, brincadeiras e aprendizagens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-27)
Maximo, Heliny de Carvalho
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Sommerhalder, Aline
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4775432120371947
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2268617213948560
We start from the consideration of the school playground, as space and time inserted in the school curriculum that allows the insertion in the playful cultures and languages of contemporary childhoods. We understand that children need to be heard and participate in their learning processes at school. Therefore, we carried out the research “with” the children, aiming to identify, describe and understand how the children's participation and learning takes place in the playful experiences in the the school playground time, of the elementary school. For this, we also propose: identifying what children play in the schoolyard; to explain how they use the the school playground time; map the spaces they explore there and present the interactions between children and between them and adults. Qualitative in nature, the research included a bibliographic survey and insertion in the field, in the school playground time. As instruments, we highlight the use of drawings and field diaries: participant observation and semi-structured interviews, conducted with fourteen girls. In the results, we identified how much children enjoy the school playground, but disapprove of the little time available to play. The girls point out that they learn in the playful dynamics, revealing creativity to adapt to the various conditions proposed and interact with their friends, getting closer by sharing snacks, games and toys. In addition to showing a lot of affectivity in interpersonal relationships, the girls still share projections for improve the school playground time aiming to enrich this school space. In this way, we put these learnings and children's participation on the scene, inviting the sensitization of new perspectives to this context that promotes education.
Luteria digital experimental: materiais e processos de criação de novos instrumentos musicais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-27)
Deus, Raydson Alexandre Tozzo de
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Nespoli, Eduardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0482744763085170
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6660268033227773
This research investigates the approach between art and technology through the study of creative processes related to experimental digital lutherie. Taking into account the concepts of game and apparatus from Vilém Flusser Theory, as well as the concept of open object from the work of Gilbert Simondon, the research aims to analyses the intrinsic aspects related to the creation of musical instruments in contemporary art. The results point out that the creative work carried out by the luthier of experimental instruments has a handmade characteristic which, nevertheless, uses industrialized components as preliminary material. Within this creative context, the luthier explores permutation procedures using standard electronic components, seeking to achieve unique aesthetic results. Starting from this game of combinations, the luthier of experimental instruments integrates art and technology in an instance guided by the aesthetic valuation of the object in order to reach the opening point that allows him to comprehend the technological object as something asymmetrical, singular and adjustable to the meaning he desires to produce.
O Estalar do Martelo: uma análise sobre as sentenças de crimes patrimoniais na cidade de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-28)
Cavalli, Jade Santoro
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Sinhoretto, Jacqueline
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0011300350933130
The objective of the present research was to study the judicial sentences related to patrimonial crimes, especially those of theft and robbery, committed by blacks and whites in the city of São Carlos and that were handed down in 2017. For that, the analysis was made defendants' profile using the categories gender, race, social class, education and age. The characteristics of the criminal process, the results of the sentences, the exercise of defense guarantees and the legal particularities of each case were also considered. The results indicate that property crimes mostly refer to material goods of low economic value, indicating that criminal justice in São Carlos is active in the solution of very simple causes. The vast majority of defendants are convicted and the prison sentence is predominant, however the penalties for restricting rights are also applied, especially in cases of theft. The hypothesis raised and proven is that the judges differently condemn black and white individuals for giving the first category more severe penalties. The results also point to the importance of stereotypes linked to drugs in determining the sentence, signaling that the logic of the “war on drugs” interferes in the judgment of property crimes. The methodology used was based on documentary analysis. The conclusions were towards confirming institutional racism within the judicial system, intersected with other forms of social labeling of defendants, where the privilege of white individuals over blacks and the failure of the judicial system to apply the principle of equality was affirmed.
Efeitos da fotobiomodulação (660nm) isolada ou associada a dermocosmético a base de Urucum no fotoenvelhecimento: um estudo experimental controlado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-28)
Soares, Michelle Barbosa
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Matta, Sérgio Luis Pinto da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1371023205737245
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Parizotto, Nivaldo Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5527703735628408
When exposed to long-term ultraviolet radiation (UVR), the skin may cause photoaging which, in its histological configuration, presents degradation of the extracellular matrix in the epidermis and dermis. glandular hyperplasia (TSOURELI-NIKITA et al., 2006; YAAR AND GILCHREST, 2007) and continuous production of reactive oxygen species in order to impair the balance between pro-oxidant production and antioxidant defense. The objective of this in vivo controlled double-blind experimental study was to evaluate the effects on oxidative stress of PBL using the LED device (660 nm), and an annatto extract-based dermocosmetic, applied as separate and associated therapies. in photoaged mice. Fifty 8-week-old male BALB / c mice weighing 25-30 grams from the Central Biotery of the Federal University of Viçosa-MG were used for the study. The animals were exposed to UVR over a period of 20 weeks. After photoaging induction, the animals were randomly allocated into 5 groups, each group consisting of 10 animals: 2 control groups and 3 treatment groups (LED group, Urucum group and LED + Ucurum group). The results showed that the treatment with the annatto dermocosmetic decreases the levels of MDA and NO2 / NO3, consequently there is also a decrease in SOD and CAT and an antioxidant effect. Treatment with Urucum-based dermocosmetics and / or LED provided histological and histomorphometric changes in the epithelial tissue of photoaged mice, such as increased dermal cellularity, increased Type I collagen, increased epidermis thickness, and decreased epidermal recesses. in some groups treated in this study. Thus, it was concluded that the dermocosmetic base of Urucum extract was able to reduce MDA and NO2 / NO3 suggesting a balance between the levels of antioxidants SOD and CAT in photoaged mice, producing hepatological and histomorphometric changes. The treatment with 660nm LED applied on creep of 21.25 J / cm2, application time of 1 min and 54 J / point showed no changes in oxidative stress and antioxidant levels in the epithelial tissue of photoaged mice. In future research the clinical application in humans of dermocosmetic becomes important to evaluate the effects on daily use and anti-aging effects.
Disco estatístico: elaboração e utilização do jogo pedagógico em sala de aula de matemática no ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-28)
Aquino, Tiago Gonçalves
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Moura, Renato José de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5227908949297904
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5612351972122684
Statistics is part of our daily lives and reading and interpreting are necessary skills for all citizens. However, we realize that a growing number of public-school students can’t have access to statistical information. Faced with this difficulty, we propose here to review and request this content and skills using the game Statistical Disk. We expect that students will be able to: a) diagnose which statistical language skills need to be reviewed; b) select, develop and apply theoretical and practical activities on the subject; c) conduct research activities and collect data for charting; and d) analyze the benefits and harms, if any, of using practical in the math classroom. With the support of Didactic Engineering, we propose to survey which skills and content are being included in a diagnostic assessment, to propose a theoretical and practical intervention plan and to evaluate the students, comparing the data obtained in before, during and after to empirically analyze and how it improved. We could see the use of the reframed game and the context for learning terms prior to summaries for students, making their teaching-learning process fun and meaningful.
A educação permanente em saúde na perspectiva de gestores da atenção básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-28)
Carvalho, Enderson Rodrigues de
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Sampaio, Sueli Fatima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0737750473446351
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Padilha, Roberto de Queiroz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2262980850254605
Introduction: Permanent Health Education (EPS) aims to provide reflections on professional practice, with the participation of all team members in an environment of exchange and learning (BARBOSA, FERREIRA, BARBOSA, 2012). Objective: The research aimed to learn from team managers, in the scope of Primary Care, how the proposal for permanent health education in their work and management spaces has taken place. Methodology: Qualitative research with data collection using the semi-structured interview technique with 25 BA managers in the city of Rio Claro / SP. Data analysis took place through content analysis (CAMARA, 2013). Results: Thematic axes are: Permanent Education in Health: conceptual dimension and Permanent Education in Health: challenges of operationalizing PHE. Conclusion: The study reveals that, although there is a clear concept about Permanent Education in Health, in practice, actions of this are still mixed with those of continuing education, but regardless of this, they are being practiced with exchanges of professional experiences in daily life and / or meetings of team. There are challenges of inadequate dimensioning of professionals and resistance to changes in daily work, but also the power that it presents as a necessary process in daily practice in the health area. Thus, Permanent Education in Health becomes a movement in a continuous process, with the promotion of changes in the work environment and, consequent actions in the attention to users and the community, which can be considered a management tool in the area of health and improvement in the quality of health care.
Disponibilidade mecânica de colhedoras de cana-de-açúcar: efeitos do tempo de uso na gestão da manutenção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-28)
Santanna, Alex Magno Gomes
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Silva, João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3823047207711289
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6725476904274719
The mechanization of the Brazilian sugarcane harvest is important for the sugar and alcohol sector, since Brazil is the world's largest producer of this raw material. For this position to be maintained, an efficient management of the equipment involved in the cutting, transshipment and transportation of sugar cane is necessary, such as overflow tractors, harvesters and trucks. Harvesters play an important role in this process, as they are responsible for cutting, chopping and cleaning the sugar cane and all other equipment depends on its good performance. In this context, the present study aims to measure the availability of sugarcane harvesters throughout the harvest and for successive harvests and to analyze the performance of a sugarcane harvesting front with harvesters of different ages through a simulation model. The model developed was a cutting, transshipment and transportation front (CTT) composed of 4 harvesters, 8 transshipments and 6 trucks to carry out the sugarcane harvest and transport to the plant. The developed model was effective in representing the real system and provided information for analysis of availability. The scenarios used for simulation were composed by: (1) new harvesters; (2) 4 different and new harvesters: 1styear, 2nd year, 3rdyear and 4thyear of use; (3) 4 different and older harvesters: 3rdyear, 4thyear, 5thyear and 6thyear of use; (4) 4 harvesters with 6 years of use. The results obtained were consistent with the literature, with scenario 1 having the highest average availability, 95.9%, and the highest production of sugarcane. All scenarios showed a decline in their availability over the harvest season, as shown in the literature. It is also worth mentioning that the availability and time of use of the harvesters directly affected the production of the harvest front. The average result obtained from the group of six harvesters evaluated, regardless of the number of harvests worked, was an average reduction of 0.49% in availability per month. The loss of availability per crop year worked decreased by 1.75% per year, on average.
A formação de conceitos científicos em crianças de cinco anos fundamentada em mediações sistematizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-28)
Silva, Eliane Nicolau da
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Mello, Maria Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6467415058434159
The Thesis was based on the theoretical framework of Historical-Cultural Theory based on the studies of Vigotsky, Luria, Leontiev, Elkonin, Mukhina, Galperin, who brought fundamental contributions about the concepts developed in this research with regard to the theoretical and practical aspect. The research was carried out in a public school unit of Early Childhood Education, in the interior of São Paulo, with five-year-old children, and presented the following research question: What types of instruments and methodological procedures are necessary to identify the cultural needs of five-year-old children, regarding the concept formation process, as well as systematized mediations in the Zone of Proximal Development? The central objective was to analyze the methodological instruments and procedures necessary to carry out activities with regard to the formation of concepts with five-year-old children and presented, from this central objective, the following specific objectives: 1) to identify the needs children's cultural activities and work in the Proximal Development Zone (ZDP) through planned activities; 2) analyze the potential of mediations and mediators used in intervention sessions with a view to promoting advances in the formation of children's concepts. The methodology includes intervention, through experiments, for data collection, with systematic mediation being one of the main elements. The planning of activities started with the needs of the children and included the following instruments and methodological procedures: participant observation; conversation wheel; drawing; game of track and systematized mediation. The results show the importance of planning the methodological procedures developed from the experimental intervention methodology of this investigation. In addition, they proved that systematized mediations have a fundamental role for the identification and performance of the Proximal Development Zone, enabling advances in the development of concepts. In this way, even though the conceptions of Historical-Cultural Theory prove that conceptual thinking happens in adolescence, it is possible to carry out work aimed at the formation of the concept in early childhood education.
Herdeiros da Toga: uma análise de trajetória dos ministros aposentados do Supremo Tribunal Federal entre 1988 e 2016
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-29)
Rainho, Sarah Pereira
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Oliveira, Fabiana Luci de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9487149052862292
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6597005323417736
A trajectory is the name given to the course that a body performs in space at a given time, it is the path taken by each individual based on the choices provided by the space in which this individual is inserted. In this text we observe the trajectory of retired ministers of the Federal Supreme Court with the objective of not only systematizing their post-court life, but also visualizing where these individuals fit into the social fabric and what their retirement from the Brazilian Supreme Court means in terms of symbolic capitals accumulated by them and their reflections in the social environment.
O estágio curricular supervisionado (ecs) em cursos de graduação em Psicologia: avaliação sobre a implementação da política
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-29)
Santos, Jociane Marthendal Oliveira
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Lima, Paulo Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5109357037661496
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0881773975437368
The objective of this research was to analyze the process of implementing the policy and changes in supervised curricular internships (ECS) in undergraduate courses in Psychology after Law no. 11,788 / 2008 from the point of view of coordinators and supervisors of internship of higher education institutions in the private, confessional and public spheres. It is a qualitative research in the light of the policy cycle from the perspective of Stephen Ball according to the following procedural axes: a) review of specialized literature and documentary analysis b) data collection through semi-structured interviews in four institutions of higher education (one public, two private / community and one confessional) totaling eight subjects (four teachers and four coordinators) and c) a qualitative approach in the understanding and treatment of unidentified data to maintain confidentiality. The results showed that not all Psychology courses surveyed sought to adapt to the guidelines brought by the National Curriculum Guidelines and those who modified their curricula did so after 8 years of the Law n. 11,788 / 2008 - known as the “Internship Law”. From the institutional feedback, it was realized that the concepts and objectives of the internship are strongly linked to the world of work, evidencing the influence of the world political scenario reflecting a resistance of the courses in the traditional expansion in Brazil according to the medical model, but on the other hand justified as care not to give in and scrap the training in psychology. Even so, there is a strong tendency to continue with the Minimum Curriculum proposal and to offer specific internships later in the course. The research highlighted that the ECS policies were important in providing an internship conception aiming at competences and skills to be developed and that it contemplated the area of psychology, as well as its curricular organization and the possibility of developing the current student and the graduate as an educational act , on the other hand, it was found that it is necessary to raise awareness both to this understanding and to teachers, students and granting units for internships.
A fábrica de deuses: o universo e sua função essencial na filosofia de Henri Bergson
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-30)
Luiz, Rauan de Oliveira
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Marques, Silene Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9901853989139178
The last sentence of Les deux sources de la morale et de la religion, Henri Bergson’s lattermost great writing, defines the universe as “a machine of making gods”. This thesis — although it was announced after a diligent consideration of the religions and of the mysticism — is not, however, a conclusion derived solely from this mentioned analysis. The image of the universe as a factory of making gods, as we intend to demonstrate, was already developed in L’évolution créatrice, and the conclusions obtained in this essay, published in 1907, are what sustain Bergson’s conception of universe. Nevertheless, identifying its essential function is something that L’évolution créatrice could not have made completely and neither would Les deux sources de la morale et de la religion if its origin were not in the preceding work.
Last mile deliveries of e-commerce orders: a cross analysis of consumers' ans carriers' perceptions.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-30)
Costa, Débora Grassetti Martins da
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Vieira, José Geraldo Vidal
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2068340476477363
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Silva, João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3823047207711289
The evolution of e-commerce has triggered a true revolution in the market. Due to that, the increase of deliveries changed the urban freight pattern flows and vehicles’ traffic in the cities. These changes have consequences in technological, economic, environmental and social aspects. It is important to highlight that the adoption of good practices and strategies in e-commerce last mile distribution can influence positively the society in general. According to the literature, there is a high potential to use new technologies in the last mile to increase the customer experience, reduce costs, increase security, and support city environmental when delivering e-commerce purchases. Therefore, the aim of this study is to diagnose the e-commerce last mile delivery evaluating new technology solutions proposed by the literature and considering the perceptions from customers and e-commerce carriers. The used method was survey questionnaires applied to consumers and carriers in order to get different perceptions between them in São Paulo city. This region was chosen due to its relevance in the Brazilian demand and complexity in last mile delivery related to productivity, security and urban mobility. Customers and carriers consider more relevant performance and convenience aspects in relation to e-commerce delivery. However, carriers have a greater concern than customers with the points of infrastructure and environment. Demographic and risk data from São Paulo were also analysed and the results support the strategy definition to have pick up points being used to delivery e-commerce purchases in the São Paulo city, predominantly in the most distant areas of the city center.
Fatores determinantes de adoção de sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-30)
Bernardo, Roberto
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Vinholis, Marcela de Mello Brandão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5730999136286305
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Souza Filho, Hildo Meirelles de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3740950346967524
Agribusiness has contributed to the trade balance surplus and has been fundamental in the growth of the Brazilian Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, the major challenge for agribusiness is to increase agricultural production and at the same time conserve the natural resources involved. Concern for a more sustainable rural production in the economic, social and environmental perspectives has been the focus of many discussions. Production systems that integrate livestock and crop, including tree components, have been suggested as a sustainable option. Even though it is a relatively familiar alternative for cattle ranchers, the adoption of these systems is still low. The specific and distinct way in which ranchers use their resources and their capacities are suggested as possible determinants of the adoption and diffusion of new technologies. However, there are still few analyzes about these determinants for the adoption of integration systems, especially through the approach of resource-based vision and ordinary and dynamic capabilities. Given this context, the following question is presented as the research problem: what are the determining factors for the adoption of integration systems with agricultural, livestock and forestry activities in the state of São Paulo? Therefore, the objective is to identify the determining factors for the adoption of these systems in the state of São Paulo locus. The research started from the literature review that allowed to build a conceptual model, whose main axis is composed by the characteristics of the producers and the rural properties. The literature review, theoretical and empirical, also allowed the identification of the main determinants and their variables, essential for the formulation of the hypotheses to be tested. In the second stage of the research, a field research was applied in a sample of 175 rural producers adopters and non-adopters of the integration systems. The results obtained from the analyses allowed us to identify that the adoption of integration systems depends on the objectives and strategic choices of the rural producers. The resource-based view, through the characterization of rural properties, has allowed us to identify available resources, physical and human, relating them to the decision of producers to adopt integration systems. Through the characteristics of farmers, we realized that the decision to adopt or not a new technology can be determined by factors such as producer profile, which encompasses education, experience, skills and abilities. The results obtained from descriptive and multiple correspondence analyzes and multinomial logistic regression, indicate that Integrated crop-livestock system adopters have properties with flat land, areas greater than 300 hectares, greater numbers of tractors and planting equipment, herds greater than 330 heads, greater availability of labor and are located close to the market, grain drying and storage services. They have characteristics of greater experience with agriculture, greater participation in cooperatives and technical events and receive more technical visits. Integrated Livestock-Forest system adopters, on the other hand, have properties with more sloping, smaller land, less machinery and labor, are located far from the market and grain drying and storage services. In addition, they have less experience with agriculture, less participation in cooperatives and technical events and receive less technical visits. These results can contribute to a better understanding of the adoption and diffusion of new technologies in the field and, consequently, collaborate for regional development and for productive sustainability.
Políticas públicas de desenvolvimento territorial no Brasil (2003-2016): um estudo do território sudoeste paulista (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-31)
Antunes Junior, Wolney Felippe
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Souza-Esquerdo, Vanilde Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9535960068552016
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Borsatto, Ricardo Serra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5988987575101933
Between 2003 and 2016, Brazil has experimented with a series of decentralized public policies, some of which have adopted the territorial approach. These include the "Fome Zero" Program, through the Food Security and Local Development Consortia (CONSAD); the National Program for Sustainable Development of Rural Territories (PRONAT); and the Citizenship Territories Program. The Sudoeste Paulista, due to its historicity and its low Human Development Index (HDI), was one of the territories elected by the Federal Government and has passed through the three programs mentioned above. Among advances and challenges, experiences with territorial policies still have a wide field to be debated. In this sense, the objective of this research was to study the public policies of territorial development implemented in Sudoeste Paulista and to analyze the acting capacities of its institutional arrangements. This study took place through the performance of CONSAD Sudoeste Paulista, which was the territorial collegiate in these three territorial policy programs. As methodology were used the semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis. Among the main results, it can be said that: the territorial collegiate did not cover all the diversity of the territory and alternated between periods when the centrality was in the demands of the public power and periods in which civil society was more active; projects and actions were mostly defined under top-down movements and the territory functioned as a locus of government investment; The challenge of promoting innovative, intersectoral and intermunicipal actions can be understood by the technical-administrative and politicalrelational capacities of institutional arrangements and the policy design stipulated by the policies. If, on the one hand, public policies for territorial development presented several contradictions and limitations, on the other hand, it must be recognized that this is a process of experimentation, in which learning and lessons have been accumulated along their trajectory.
Abordagem ergonômica da atividade: a compreensão de determinantes do trabalho dos coletores de resíduos sólidos urbanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-31)
Oliveira, Talita Martins
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Fontes, Andréa Regina Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4848646681792317
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Guimarães, Márcia Regina Neves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9250214706491925
This research used as object of study the work of solid urban waste collectors, in which it requires great effort from this individual to complete his task, which is to handle household waste, in addition to moving around in an environment full of variability. The aim of this study was to analyze the determinants of the garbage collectors' work, showing physical, cognitive and organizational components. A case study was carried out, guided by the perspective of Activity Ergonomics in which data collection took place through systemic and unsystematic observations with the aid of filming, with tests to understand the physiological variables, the physical and mental load involved. during the execution of the task. After the field follow-up, the task description form was carried out, an interview with 50 collectors, 5 managers and 50 residents. The results obtained explained the dynamics involved in the organization of work, the task performed by the collector and real activity, elucidating its intrinsic and extrinsic variability, physical load accompanied by the results obtained through field data and controlled tests as well as the mental workload and operating modes. It is concluded that, in the collector's work routine, it is possible that the physical and mental fatigue is related to the overload arising from the work systems that still need to be modernized, thus allowing operations performed by the collector to enable greater regulation, expanding the margin maneuver. Understanding how the collector turns the prescription of the activity into real work has made it possible to discover that the public cleaning system has been moving slowly for a long time. In this context, it’s up to the worker, who is at the end of the production chain, to be responsible for adjusting to meet the objectives of the job, with some tools, some technology and much of their know-how to transform the task into real work.
Distribuição de recursos florais de plantas melitófilas em uma área em restauração florestal em Holambra, São Paulo, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-31)
Santos, Elisangela Fernandes dos
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Silva, Cláudia Inês da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7795764730365395
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Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934724759636382
Pollination is one of the most important ecosystem services for maintaining biodiversity, as it is a key process for restoring the function of altered ecosystems. It is largely carried out by bees both in agricultural and natural systems. Nevertheless, this process has been highly impacted by anthropogenic impacts in the environment. The restoration of these environments aims to reestablish these interactions by replacing the local flora. This work aimed to evaluate if the floristic composition of a restoration area is a place with important food resources for the bees. from the distribution of floral resources over a year. The floristic survey was made in a fragment under restoration inserted in an agricultural matrix, located in Holambra / SP. Field activities took place monthly from January to December 2018 in three parcels of 1,500m² each. Samples of flowering plant species were collected from each plot and the exsiccates were prepared and processed and incorporated into the UNESP campus Rio Claro Herbarium collection. Each species was identified and confirmed by experts, and information on the main pollination syndrome, habit, main floral resource offered to pollinators (pollen, nectar, oil) and origin (native or non-native) were obtained from specialized literature. To evaluate the distribution of floral resources during the year, we used circular analysis and applied the Rayleigh test (p) to identify the occurrence of seasonality and Pearson's index using the BioStat Pro 6.0 program to evaluate the occurrence or not of correlation between flowering and climatic factors such as temperature and temperature. precipitation. The families Asteraceae and Fabaceae presented the largest number of flowering species, with the most abundant species of herbaceous habit. About 75% of the identified plants were pollinated by bees, the most frequent syndrome. Among the melitophilous plants, the native species were the most frequent (70.5%) and in relation to the distribution of floral resources, the melitophilic plants presented seasonality in the flowering period, with peak in the rainy months, being the nectariferous species the most abundant. There were no representatives of non-native oil producing species. Regarding resource distribution in the stratification, native tree and shrub species flourished in greater numbers in the rainy season, while non-native species of these habits had a peak of flowering in the dry period. Native and non-native herbaceous plants bloomed most in the rainy months and lianas showed no flowering seasonality for nectar and pollen for both native and non-native species. The results showed that the vertical forest stratification is important for the supply of floral resources to pollinators, however herbaceous plants stood out in relation to the richness and abundance of flowering plants, both native and non-native, providing nectar, pollen and oil for the bees. These species are usually considered as weeds in agricultural environments being eliminated as a part of the management in these areas, extinguishing food sources for bees. The distribution of floral resources in stratification was quite variable, as floral resources were available in both dry and rainy periods of the year, highlighting the importance of the study area as an interesting place for bee survival. Verifying the distribution of floral resources is important because it provides information for the conservation of bees, showing the periods of abundance and food shortage, allowing the improvement of ecological management projects.
Método de reconstrução tomográfica de amostras agrícolas com o emprego de técnicas big data
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-01-31)
Alves, Gabriel Marcelino
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Cruvinel, Paulo Estevão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924553462118511
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5710041471208439
A new method of high resolution tomographic reconstruction of agricultural samples is presented, which uses the spectral density of X-ray tomographic projections as a criterion to minimize processing time and obtain good quality digital images, besides being scalable. The use of the spectral density of the tomographic projections made it possible to evaluate the associated energy in each projection and consequently the amount of information that is related to its probabilities. Thus, the tomographic projections were organized into energy classes and those with the most expressive amounts of information were selected. As part of the method, after selecting projections, Filtered Back Projection (FBP) and B-Spline interpolation were considered to obtain 2D and 3D (volumetric) reconstruction, steps that were parallelized considering the Apache Spark environment. For the execution of the developed method was organized a Big Data environment that had a cluster, installed on the Amazon Web Services (AWS) platform and a stack of technologies. The Big Data environment configuration assessment considered four sets of projection matrice of the same plexiglass heterogeneous phantom totalizing 7840 matrice (35.63 GB) which were processed for 12 different configurations totalizing 427.56 GB of processed tomographic data. The cluster configuration was defined after evaluating the Speedup and Efficiency metrics for the method running in the Big Data environment. In addition, a cluster consisting of a heterogeneous plexiglass phantom, a Sheep-Logan phantom and a homogeneous sample plus 33 seed samples was prepared for the purpose of validating and evaluating the quality of cluster reconstruction of selected tomographic projections. In this context, an image dataset containing 66, 642 2D images of seeds (242 GB) has been organized. The Structural Similarity Index (SSIM), Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE), and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) metrics were used in the validation steps. The SSIM metric was calculated for each projection matrix and the median measurement for the SSIM values of each sample was observed. In this sense, the SSIM analysis showed that the tomographic reconstruction of the two-dimensional samples from the selected projections led to the SSIM value exceeding 0.80 for all samples analyzed. The results showed that the method allowed a reduction between 28% and 38% in the number of tomographic projections in each sample analyzed, without compromising the quality of the reconstructed images. Finally, this new method has been shown to be useful for the analysis of large quantities of agricultural samples based on the use of X-ray tomography in order to meet the management based on precision agriculture paradigms, where the increasing number of analyzes required for agricultural samples in the decision-making process is considered a prime factor.
Retornos à educação no Brasil: uma abordagem de pseudo painel e viés de seleção amostral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-03)
Hartze, Wilhelm Matheus
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Ferro, Andrea Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3432809140419477
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9596171718211332
The goal of this work is to analyze the returns to education in the hourly wages in Brazil for the period of 2011 to 2015, last five years of PNAD data. Even thought the relationship between years of education and wages has been long studied, the accuracy of the results from traditional models like the Ordinary Least Squares are to be questioned due to the necessity to check the presence of group heterogeneity and sample bias. The hypothesis tested in this work is that there is significant effect from non observable factors that leads to biased estimators if not taken into account. By estimating a pseudo panel, through the creation of cohorts, it is seen that the group heterogeneity leads to underestimation of the returns to education from the WLS model. The sample bias also affects the magnitude of the coefficients, however, the two different models used to capture and correct the estimators present different results. The two step model reports smaller returns in comparison to the WLS benchmark, while the Maximum Likelihood model had mixed results.