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Más condições de vida na infância e na adolescência são fatores de risco para mortalidade precoce? Diferenças de sexo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-13) Souza, Aline Fernanda de; Alexandre, Tiago da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5393622641681701; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8270182420214069
Background: Adverse early life conditions seem to be associated with negative health outcomes. However, it is not known whether such conditions can contribute to the occurrence of an early death. Aims: Investigate the association between adverse early life conditions and mortality prior to 80 years and whether there are sex differences. Method: 941 participants of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing who died (before or after 80 years) between 2007 and 2018. At baseline (2006), all participants were evaluated regarding their socioeconomic status, infectious diseases and parental stress in childhood and adolescence. Logistic regression models were created for each sex and adjusted by the socioeconomic, behavioral and clinical variables of the participants in 2006. Results: Living with only one parent (OR = 3.79, 95% CI: 1.35 – 10.67), overprotected by the father (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.01 – 1.25) and having an infectious disease in childhood or adolescence (OR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.15 – 3.66) were associated with the risk of death prior to 80 years of age among the men. Overprotection by the father (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.07 – 1.39) was a risk factor for death prior to 80 years, whereas a low occupational class of the head of the household (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.34 – 0.98) and high levels of care from the mother in childhood and adolescence (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.76 – 0.99) were protection factors among the women. Conclusions: Worse socioeconomic and health conditions in childhood and adolescence increase the risk of early death among men. Overprotection on the part of the father increases the risk of early death in both sexes, whereas high levels of care from the mother protects women from this situation.
Mães trabalhadoras: um estudo quanti-qualitativo sobre uso do tempo em papéis ocupacionais, poder aquisitivo e satisfação com a vida
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-13) Barbano, Letícia Maria; Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7350460642976728; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8729271800079495
Today, the reconciliation of work and family is a crucial issue, being especially difficult for women to balance these two aspects. Anchored in the Model of Human Occupation, this research aimed to compare and describe the time use, occupational roles, purchasing power and satisfaction with the lives of part-time and full-time working mothers. Following a statistical sample with 95% reliability and 5% margin of error, 800 working mothers from different regions of Brazil were participants in this research. Data were gathered through an online survey, and the following instruments were applied: Role Checklist, Brazil Economic Classification Criterion (CCEB), Life Satisfaction Scale (SWLS), socioeconomic questionnaire, with an open question about the worker role. Quantitative data were analyzed using Multiple Correspondence Analysis, T-Student Test and Pearson Correlation. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Quantitative results showed that full-time working mothers had higher purchasing power, as well as chances of greater satisfaction with their life (p = 0.307). There was an association between purchasing power and life satisfaction and educational level and life satisfaction. Full-time working mothers spent more time to the family member role (p = 0.001) and caregiver role (p = 0.000) than part-time working mothers. The qualitative results were grouped into three categories (Time Use; Labor Market; Brazilian Culture on Working Women) and nine subcategories (Role Overload and Double Journey; Self Care and Leisure; Family Time; Role Balance; Prejudice by being a mother; Journey and work environment; Support networks; Partner/ spouse assistance; Feelings and perceptions). The conclusion is that full-time mothers can have higher satisfaction with life and can spend more time working and with their families, and less time for domestic tasks. Qualitative data showed that the support network is an important factor for the reconciliation of occupational roles for these mothers; regardless if is a part-time or a full-time job.
Brincar-brinquedo, criar-fazendo: entrelaçando pluriversos de infâncias e crianças desde o sul de Moçambique
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-13) Pastore, Marina Di Napoli; Barros, Denise Dias; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6607056840278610; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6503869870939841
Based on the understanding of children as sociocultural beings and active agents in the productions of the world around them, this study aims productions of the world around them, the present work aims to understand the play and the relationships that precede, mediate and succeed them, as a meaningful activity of children and possibility of transformations and rereading of possible worlds, from three Mozambican communities located in the south of the country. The longitudinal fieldwork carried out from 2014 to 2018 covered three main data collection periods: six months during 2014, 2017 and 2018 in the communities of Mabotine (urban area of the capital of Maputo ), Matola A (peri-urban area of the city of Matola) and Nhandlovo (rural area in the city of Massinga, Inhambane), with children aged 3 years to 17 years. The places where the ethnographic research happened permeated the places where the children were, especially those in the community, such as the streets, the backyards, the “secret” spaces, the river, the houses, the schools, among others considered significant for them. With the ethnography, other methods have also been employed in seeking a greater understanding of play: photography, drawing, video, unstructured interviews, semi-structured interviews, and informal conversations. From the data collected and analyzed, four main points were worked on: the idea of being a child from the perspective of children and adults themselves; the playing and construction of toys from discarding material; play and the relationship with nature and landscapes; images of play and the use of photography. The aspect is brought, analyzed and discussed in chapters that follow the present thesis, considering its relationship with occupational therapy, its practices and theories. The results point to a kaleidoscope of diversity and language used by children in play, understood as a way of being in the world and from their spatiotemporal relations. Finally, questions are raised about the potentialities of future development in African and childhood studies, pointing to the coexistence of childhood and child pluriverses, as well as possible research methods.
O ensino de língua estrangeira sob o viés da teoria das operações predicativas e enunciativas: um estudo dos verbos frasais do inglês
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-13) Passarelli, João Daniel França; Onofre, Marilia Blundi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4908382415301882; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8467695250878492
This work’s aim is to analyze the intra and interlinguistic translation processes in teaching and learning English as a foreign language (LE) and Portuguese as mother tongue (LM). Using Antoine Culioli’s Theory of Predictive and Enunciative Operations (TPEO) as theoretical foundation, we start from the premise that language is by nature a dialogic activity that is constituted by a continuous process of translation. This study proposal confronts two teaching methodologies, an instrumental one, the most common in language teaching which, basically, takes native languages as objects of observation, disarticulating them from language, a fact that implies a notion of translation based on the linguistic system. The other methodology, supported by the author, is interactional / dialogical. Using TPEO’s principles, it demonstrates how this approach can be applied to foreign language teaching. To do so, we focus English phrasal verbs – a very troublesome issue for nonnative students because of their traits that are specifically typical of the English language. Based on an enunciative perspective, we will discuss the functioning of these structures as well as the approaches to teaching them. To support that discussion, we use a corpus made of twenty sentences from various sources such as films, songs, international newspapers, dictionaries and textbooks.
Influência da dor lombar crônica inespecífica com ou sem sensibilização central nos aspectos biopsicossociais e capacidade funcional de idosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-13) Marques, José Salvador Ribeiro; Gramani-Say, Karina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5096508613057074; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0922753791725357
Nonspecific chronic low back pain (DLCI) is considered one of the main complaints reported by the elderly, leading them to a decline in several biopsychosocial and functional variables. The literature reports that the chronicity of low back pain may be related to impairments in functional capacity and in the psychosocial realm. DLCI can promote changes in the brain's representation of pain, and patients may experience central sensitization (SC), that is, an amplification of neural signaling within the central nervous system causing hypersensitivity to pain. Thus, this study aims to assess the influence of the DLCI of elderly people in the context of social vulnerability and the influence of central awareness on biopsychosocial variables and on the functional capacity of elderly people with DLCI, in addition to describing sociodemographic and health variables such as gender, age , Body mass index (BMI), pain level and total pain areas. The analysis of the general results of our dissertation concludes that the decrease in mobility and balance may be involved with DLCI, in addition, the non-performance of 30 minutes of physical activity daily and the non-performance of physical activity in the community / neighborhood, may have positive influence with DLCI in the elderly in a context of high vulnerability, in addition, CS can influence the decrease in mobility, balance, power and resistance of the lower limbs, decrease in the pain-pressure threshold, increase in the degree of kinesiophobia and catastrophization, worsens of depressive symptoms and decreased quality of sleep in elderly people with DLCI. To this end, two studies were carried out: Study 1: Evaluation of biopsychosocial factors present in elderly people with chronic non-specific low back pain, in a context of high vulnerability Study 2: Influence of central sensitization on biopsychosocial variables and functional capacity in the elderly with chronic nonspecific low back pain
Cyberbullying contra professores: a autoridade escolar como alvo de violência virtual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2020-02-13) Reis, Renan Aparecido da Silva; Zuin, Antônio Álvaro Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5543562307373287; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6850-2897; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4763163158241586; Zuin, Antônio Álvaro Soares; D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo; Oliveira, Paula Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5543562307373287; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1788063551247254; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6850-2897; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9103-0616
The contemporary context demonstrates that children and adolescents have increasingly used the virtual environment and the Internet as privileged spaces for communication, self-expression, and the establishment of social bonds. While bullying has traditionally been confined to the physical environment in which it occurs, its manifestations are no longer restricted to the spatial boundaries of schools or other face-to-face settings. In the digital context, such practices acquire new dynamics and significantly expand their reach, becoming what is known as cyberbullying. This phenomenon is characterized by intentional, repetitive, aggressive, and hostile actions or behaviors carried out by individuals or groups through electronic devices connected to the Internet, with the deliberate aim of causing harm, humiliation, or suffering to the victim. An important aspect of this issue concerns the expansion of the targets of virtual violence. Whereas such attacks were initially directed primarily at other students, they currently affect other members of the school community, especially teachers, who represent figures of pedagogical, disciplinary, and institutional authority. Considering the complexity of this scenario and the transformations in school relationships mediated by digital technologies, this study sought to identify the factors underlying the various forms of violence directed at teachers, as well as to analyze, from the perspective of Critical Theory, the contemporary role of humiliation and the public degradation of teachers’ image. To achieve these objectives, the study was organized into two parts. The first presents a theoretical and conceptual discussion of cyberbullying against teachers. The second consists of an analysis of videos portraying situations related to the research problem.